Animal Sciences Commons^™

Alterations Of Hsp70 Gene Expression In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Exposed To Deltamethrin, Muhammed Atamanalp, Orhan Erdoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide and potential toxic pollutant to aquatic ecosystems, on the heat shock protein HSP70 gene expression in rainbow trout. Deltamethrin was applied at 0.3 and 0.6 \mug/L for 28 days under laboratory conditions. After the experiment, HSP70 was amplified for 20-40 PCR cycles for the control and deltamethrin-treated fish groups. While the quantitative mRNA level was low in the 40^t^h PCR cycle in the control, it was higher in the fish exposed to deltamethrin. The differences between the treated groups and the control group were …

Effect Of Extruded Fodder On Biochemical And Haematological Parameters Of Standardbred Horses Under Training Conditions, Helena Hartlova, Dalibor Rehak, Marketa Sedmikova, Jaroslav Mendlik, Jana Kralova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to examine whether feeding of extruded fodder can improve the energy metabolism of horses under training conditions. The experiment was performed on 12 clinically healthy Standardbred horses (6 horses in the control group and 6 horses in the experimental group). The diet of the horses was based on oats, barley, meadow hay, and a supplement of vitamins and minerals. The diet of the experimental group (6 horses) was supplemented with 1.25 kg of extruded fodder that replaced the corresponding dose of grain. Feeding doses were related to the rate of sub-maximal workload. Selected biochemical …

The Microbiological, Serological And Chemical Qualities Of Mincemeat Marketed In İstanbul, Ömer Çeti̇n, Enver Bariş Bi̇ngöl, Hi̇lal Çolak, Özer Ergün, Can Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological, serological, and chemical properties in raw ground beef consumed in İstanbul. For this purpose, a total of 127 samples of ground beef were obtained from different regions in İstanbul. The mean total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus counts were 1.3 × 10^6, 2.8 × 10^3, and 3.1 × 10^3 cfu/g, respectively. Salmonella spp. were found positive in 4 (3.14%) of the ground beef samples. None of the analyzed samples was found to contain horsemeat or pork, but 4 of them contained poultry, and 8 of them contained mutton. …

Isolation And Characterization Of Vibrio ( Listonella) Anguillarum From Catfish, Mehrnaz Rad, Davar Shahsavani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Vibrio anguillarum was isolated from several organs of some aquarium catfish in a fish population with high mortality. Macroscopic examination of the affected catfish revealed ascites in the abdomen, site-petechiae, and dorsal erection. Although there are some variations in phenotypic characterization among different isolates of Vibrio anguillarum, the majority show a common biochemical profile with distinct microscopic appearance that can provide presumptive identification of Vibrio anguillarum. Biochemical tests were used for identification of Vibrio anguillarum in aquarium catfish in this report.

Factors Affecting Wool Characteristics Of Kari Sheep In Pakistan, Sohail Ahmad, Muhammad Sajjad Khan, M. Fatah Ullah Khan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study attempted to generate some basic information on wool production and quality in the Kari breed. Thirty flocks, 10 each in the 3 Union Councils (UCs), were registered for on-farm performance recording in the Lotkho Tehsil, north of Chitral city. Two animals per flock were selected for collecting fleece samples from 3 yearly shearings. The actual greasy wool yield per sheep was 937 g. Wool yield per shearing averaged 366 ± 9.6 g. Location and flock differences were found significant (P < 0.01). The same was also true for the clean fleece yield with an overall average of 300 ± 8.2 g per shearing. The fibre diameter averaged 23 ± 0.2 µm, and flock differences were significant (P < 0.01). The staple length varied among flocks (P < 0.01), locations, and shearing season (P < 0.05). Male Kari had more medulated fibres than female Kari (6.9 ± 0.37% vs. 5.5 ± 0.37%). The greasy and clean fleece yields were quite repeatable traits (repeatability > 0.5). The repeatability estimates of fibre diameter and staple length were 0.38 and 0.20, respectively. Sheep of …

Polymorphism Of The Cyp19 Gene And Milk Production Traits Of Dairy Cattle, Inga Kowalewska Luczak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to estimate the relations between CYP19/Cfr13I and CYP19/PvuII genotypes and milk production traits. The study was carried on 915 Black-and-White cows kept in the Western Pomerania region of Poland. The CYP19/Cfr13I and CYP19/PvuII polymorphisms were detected using the PCR-RFLP method. Statistically significant (P Keywords:

A Survey Of Aflatoxin M1 Levels In Kahramanmaraş Cheese, Özlem Turgay, Di̇dem Hi̇lkat Aksakal, Seli̇m Sünnetçi̇, Ali̇ Bahadir Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) levels were measured in 46 Kahramanmaraş semi-hard cheese samples (22 from bovine milk, 18 from goat milk, and 6 from ovine milk) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). None of the ovine milk cheese samples contained AFM1. AFM1 was present in 32 samples (69.6%) of bovine and goat cheese. Bovine milk cheese and goat milk cheese samples contained 0.069-1.2 ng g-1 and 0.06-0.22 ng g-1 of AFM1, respectively. With the exception of 2 bovine milk cheese samples (one contained 1.2 ng g-1 of AFM1, the other contained 0.25 ng g-1 of AFM1), the other samples (96%) had levels …

The Effect Of Hcg Given On Day 12 Post-Mating On Ovarian Function And Embryo Survival In Beetal Goats In Southern Punjab, Pakistan, Mushtaq H. Lashari, Zahida Tasawar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin on ovarian function and embryo development of Beetal goats reared under traditional conditions at the Sheep and Goat Research Station, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Fourteen Beetal goats at 4 years of age, weighing 40 ± 0.41 kg (mean ± SEM) were used. Their daily food was hay, green fodder, tree loppings, and 250 g of additional rations per goat. These goats were mated to buck at synchronized estrus by 2 i/m injections of dalmazin, given at 11-day intervals. These animals were divided into 2 equal groups (7/group) …

The Prevalence Of Loser Cows In Extensive Breeding Systems In Transylvania, Silvana Popescu, Cristin Borda, Dana C. Sandru, Cristina I. Hegedus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The loser cow concept was introduced in scientific literature in 2005, by the Danish researcher Thomsen, referring to the cow 'unable to keep up with the rest of the herd'. Since in Transylvania (Romania) the great majority of cattle are kept in extensive breeding systems, in small and middle sized farms, the purpose of the present study was to establish the prevalence of loser cows in such systems. The identification of loser cows was done based on a clinical protocol including 7 clinical signs, from which the loser cow score was calculated. Seven hundred and sixty nine cows in 123 …

Potential Future Applications Of Spermatheca Extract From The Marine Snail Telescopium Telescopium, S. Roy, U. Datta, Debaki Ghosh, Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, Prasenjit Mukherjee, Uttio Roychowdhury

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cytosol fraction of spermatheca and/or the ovotestis gland from the marine snail Telescopium telescopium was found to have antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifertility, and immunomodulation properties. The present experiment was conducted to explore the biochemical nature, composition, and pharmacological properties of the cytosol fraction along with its toxicity on the hematopoietic system in vivo. This glandular extract was analyzed and found to contain enzymes, hormones, minerals, vitamins, and other biologically active components like higher vertebrates. The present study showed that the extract was able to restrict the induced tumor (sarcoma-180) growth in mice concomitantly with an increased life span of the tumor …

Effectiveness Of Eprinomectin 0.5% Pour-On Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Naturally Infected Cattle, Zahi̇de Bi̇lgi̇n, Kerem Öter, Recep Tinar, Erkut Tüzer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Effectiveness of eprinomectin, which until now has not been assessed in Turkey, was tested against gastrointestinal nematodes of naturally infected cattle under field conditions in Adapazarı, Sakarya. Out of 25 cattle used in trial, 17 were treated with eprinomectin and 8 were kept as untreated controls. To determine gastrointestinal nematode fauna, a fecal culture was prepared from the mixed fecal samples of 25 trial cattle at 26-27 °C for 3 weeks. Eprinomectin 0.5% pour-on (Eprinomec 0.5% Dökme Çözelti®, TOPKİM) at the recommended dose of 1 mL/10 kg bw (0.5 mg active ingredient/kg bw) was applied along the backline of each …

Several Congenital Abnormalities In A Neonate Of A Mixed Mehraban Sheep, Arash Esfandiari, Asghar Dehghan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 3-year-old mixed Mehraban sheep, in second parturition, was brought to Kazerun Veterinary School with signs of dystocia. The neonate had 2 separate heads with a common neck (dicephalus). Anal atresia, meningomyelocele, arachnomelia, and spina bifida were found in the neonate. In addition, it had 2 esophagi, but they became united after the esophageal hiatus. The tongue and larynx in each head were normal. It had 2 tracheas and 2 lungs with each trachea entering a separate lung. The lungs had many lobes. The heart had compensatory hypertrophy and had 2 pulmonary trunks. The abdomen and other body systems were …

Overwintering Of Cascades Frogs (Rana Cascadae) In Washington, April B. Barreca

All Master's Theses

This thesis begins with overview of amphibian declines, amphibians in the Pacific Northwest, and information about ranid overwintering. The second part of the study presents my research that tracked Cascades frogs (Rana cascadae) throughout the winter at a high-elevation site in Washington. Amphibians are declining around the world and little is known about their natural history. There are few overwintering studies on amphibians and no previous overwintering studies on Cascades frogs. Cascades frogs are declining throughout the southern portion of their range and an understanding of the basic ecology and biology of this species is urgently needed to …

Light Whole Genome Sequence For Snp Discovery Across Domestic Cat Breeds, James C. Mullikin, Nancy F. Hansen, Lei Shen, Heather Ebling, William F. Donahue, Wei Tao, David J. Saranga, Adrianne Brand, Marc J. Rubenfield, Alice C. Young, Pedro Cruz, Carlos Driscoll, Victor David, Samer W. K. Al-Murrani, Mary F. Locniskar, Mitchell S. Abrahamsen, Stephen J. O'Brien, Douglas R. Smith, Jeffrey A. Brockman

Biology Faculty Articles

Background

The domestic cat has offered enormous genomic potential in the veterinary description of over 250 hereditary disease models as well as the occurrence of several deadly feline viruses (feline leukemia virus -- FeLV, feline coronavirus -- FECV, feline immunodeficiency virus - FIV) that are homologues to human scourges (cancer, SARS, and AIDS respectively). However, to realize this bio-medical potential, a high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map is required in order to accomplish disease and phenotype association discovery.

Description

To remedy this, we generated 3,178,297 paired fosmid-end Sanger sequence reads from seven cats, and combined these data with the …

State Of The River Report For The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, And Contaminants 2010, Environmental Protection Board, City Of Jacksonville, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University

State of the River Report

No abstract provided.

An Effective Chemical Deterrent For Invasive Cuban Treefrogs, Steve A. Johnson, Monica E. Mcgarrity, Christina L. Staudhammer

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Introduced vertebrates have a variety of impacts on ecosystems and economies, and many cause problems for humans. One such problem is the loss of electrical power when invasive animals cause short circuits in power-transmission equipment. Cuban treefrogs (Osteopilus septentrionalis) are known to cause power outages and are a nuisance to humans when they invade homes and defecate on doors and windows. These large, slightly toxic treefrogs were introduced into Florida from the Caribbean. They now occur throughout the peninsula of Florida and are spreading to other states in the Southeast. We used refuge choice experiments to test the …

Selection Of Pathways To Foraging Sites In Crop Fields By Flightless Canada Geese, Troy M. Radtke, Charles D. Dieter

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Geese, especially when they are flightless, can cause significant crop damage. We determined the effects of shoreline characteristics on foraging site selection by flightless Canada geese (Branta canadensis) in South Dakota. Distance from edge of crop field to wetland and visual obstruction by vegetation were important determinants of pathway selection by geese. Geese used crop fields for foraging that were closer to water than unused fields. Geese accessed those fields along pathways with less visual obstruction by vegetation than unused pathways. Our data suggest that this distance of crops to wetlands is the most important shoreline characteristic determining …

Movements, Habitat Selection, Associations, And Survival Of Giant Canada Goose Broods In Central Tennessee, Eric M. Dunton, Daniel L. Combs

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The brood-rearing period in giant Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima) is one of the least-studied areas of goose ecology. We monitored 32 broods in Putnam County, Tennessee, from the time of hatching through fledging (i.e., when the goslings gained the ability to fly) and from fledging until broods left the brood-rearing areas during the spring and summer of 2003. We conducted a fixed-kernel, home-range analysis for each brood using the Animal Movement Extension in ArcView® 3.3 GIS (ESRI, Redlands, Calif.) software and calculated 95% and 50% utilization distributions (UD) for each brood. We classified 25 broods as sedentary …

Estimating Annual Vertebrate Mortality On Roads At Saguaro National Park, Arizona, Kenneth Gerow, Natasha C. Kline, Don E. Swann, Marin Pokorny

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Road-killed vertebrates are a conspicuous effect of roads on animals, particularly in natural preserves where wildlife is protected. Knowledge of the number of vertebrates killed by vehicles in a national park or other natural area is important for managers, but these numbers are difficult to estimate because such mortality patterns vary greatly in space and time and by taxonomic group. Additionally, animals killed by vehicles may be difficult to observe, particularly during driving surveys, and carcasses may not persist between surveys due to scavenging and other factors. We modified an estimator previously developed for determining bird mortality at wind turbines …

Dopaminergic Input To The Equine Pituitary: Seasonal And Estradiol Effects, Sarah Case Clavier

LSU Master's Theses

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of season and estradiol administration on dopaminergic input to the equine adenohypophysis. Experiment 1 began in the spring with 8 mares and 8 stallions and was repeated again in the summer, fall, and winter. Horses were given sulpiride injections of eight incremental doses (0.25 to 32 µg/kg BW). Within each group of 8 horses, half received the sulpiride in an increasing manner, the other half in a decreasing manner. Prolactin concentrations peaked in the first 15 to 30 min in all horses in all seasons. Prolactin areas under the curve increased (P < 0.001) with increasing doses of sulpiride, and were highest (P < 0.05) in March for stallions, but in June for mares. The calculated half-maximum values, which should be proportional to the dopaminergic input to the pituitary, were lowest (P < 0.05) in June and greatest in September. The variation in half-maximum values with season indicated a change in dopaminergic input to the pituitary, with lowest input occurring in June in both sexes. Experiment 2 was designed to determine if the degree of dopaminergic input to the adenohypophysis is altered by estradiol administration. Twelve geldings were used. On day 0, geldings received an i.m. injection of either estradiol cypionate (ECP; n = 6) or vegetable oil (n = 6) at one of two dose volumes (2 vs. 10 mL). On day 6, all geldings received an injection of sulpiride at 0.082 µg/kg BW in saline. Sulpiride injections were repeated every other day with the dose increasing each day, from 0.164 to 100 µg/kg BW. Estradiol pretreatment increased (P < 0.05) the prolactin response to sulpiride at the 2.56 µg/kg dose and higher. However, the half-maximum values for ECP-treated and control geldings did not differ, indicating that the amount of sulpiride needed to counterbalance the amount of dopamine reaching the pituitary was unaltered by estradiol treatment. It was concluded that estradiol likely stimulates prolactin production and secretion after sulpiride directly at the lactotrope level, rather than by decreasing hypothalamic dopamine input to the lactotropes.