Animal Sciences Commons^™

Tympanic Temperature Profiles Of Confined Beef Cattle, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Angus crossbred yearling steers were used to evaluate tympanic temperature (TT) profile of cattle displaying high, moderate, or low levels of heat stress. Data indicate cattle that do not adequately cool down at night are prone to greater body temperatures during a subsequent hot day. Cattle that are prone to displaying moderate levels of heat stress but can cool at night will maintain average tympanic temperatures at or near those of cattle that tend to consistently maintain lower peak tympanic temperatures. In addition, during cooler and moderately hot periods, cattle change TT in a stair-step or incremental pattern, while under …

Supplementing Wet Distillers Grains Mixed With Low Quality Forage To Grazing Cow/Calf Pairs, Brandon L. Nuttelman, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Walter H. Schacht, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Jerry D. Volesky

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two studies were conducted over two years during the summer grazing season to determine the effect of grass intake when grazing cow/calf pairs were supplemented wet distillers grains (WDGS) with low quality forage. In 2007, a mixture of 45% WDGS and 55% grass hay was fed. In 2008, three blends of 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 WDGS and wheat straw were fed. Supplemented cows and calves outgained non-supplemented groups in 2007. There were no differences in animal performance during 2008. Grazed forage intake was reduced by supplementing WDGS mixed with wheat straw without negatively affecting animal performance.

Comparison Of Feeding Wet Distillers Grains In A Bunk Or On The Ground To Cattle Grazing Native Sandhills Winter Range, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Matthew C. Stockton, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two experiments determined the effects of feeding wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS), either on the ground or in a bunk, to cattle grazing native Sandhills winter range. In Exp. 1, frequency of supplementation had no effect on cow body weight (BW) or body condition score (BCS). BCS and BW of cows fed in a bunk were improved compared to cows fed on the ground. In Exp. 2, steers fed in a bunk had greater average daily gain than steers fed on the ground. Feeding WDGS on the ground resulted in 13-20% waste and cost between$0.03 and $0.045 per day.

Extending Grazing In Heifer Development Systems Decreases Cost Without Compromising Production, Daniel M. Larson, Andrea S. Cupp, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Three experiments compared heifer development in the dry lot, grazing either dormant winter range or corn crop residue. Grazing corn residue may reduce pre-breeding gain and in doing so increase age at puberty. Compared to dry lot development, grazing corn residue reduced AI pregnancy rate, but final pregnancy rate was similar for both development tsystems. Calf production and rebreeding efficiency were not affected by the development system. However, grazing corn residue during heifer development reduced cost compared to development in the dry lot. Developing heifers by grazing dormant forage does not affect final pregnancy rate and reduces cost, improving the …

Feeding Fiber From Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Corn Silage In Feedlot Diets Containing Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles, Amy R. Rich, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A feedlot experiment evaluated the effect of increasing fiber in distillers grains diets on ADG, F:G, and nutrient mass balance. The treatments consisted of 1) 30% modified distillers grains plus solubles, no roughage (MDGS), and 2) 30% modified distillers grains plus solubles, 30% wet corn gluten feed, and 15% corn silage (MDGS+fiber). The remainder of each diet consisted of a 1:1 ratio of high moisture corn and dry rolled corn and 5% supplement. Feeding MDGS+fiber increased (P < 80.02) ADG, DMI, and HCW; however, it did not improve F:G compared to MDGS. By increasing the fiber content of the diet, more organic matter (OM) and N remained in the manure. Percentage N loss was not different between dietary treatments; however, amount of N lost increased with MDGS + fiber due to the greater N intake and excretion.

Effects Of Using Wet Distillers Grains With Solubles To Adapt Cattle To Finishing Diets On Feed Intake, Ruminal Ph, And Ruminal Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration, Kelsey Rolfe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Judson Vasconcelos

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An adaptation strategy with wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) fed at decreasing levels (87.5 to 35%) was compared to a traditional grain adaptation with decreasing forage (45 to 7.5%) when adapting steers to a common finishing diet. Traditionally adapted steers had higher intake in steps one through three compared to steers adapted with distillers grains. However, DMI was not different between the two adaptation systems in step four, or when steers were on the finishing diet. Ruminal pH was higher for traditionally adapted steers compared to steers adapted to distillers grains in adaptation diets two and three. Ruminal hydrogen …

Routine Hedging Of Fed Cattle Sales Price For Calf-Fed And Yearling Production Systems, Rebecca M. Small, Darrell R. Mark, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Short futures hedges in the Chicago Mercantile Exchange live cattle futures contract were evaluated to determine if profit variability could be decreased for calf-fed and yearling production systems. Results indicated standard deviations of calf-fed profits could be reduced by $35-$47/head through routine hedging. Routine hedges of yearling cattle, however, resulted in profit declining nearly $50/head, but profit variability also decreased.

Multiple Antimicrobial Interventions For The Control Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Very Small Beef Processing Facilities, Benjamin J. Williams, Dennis E. Burson, Bryce M. Gerlach Gerlach, Ace F. Van Dewalle, Harshavardhan Thippareddi

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

One-hundred and fifty beef carcasses from 3 very small beef processing plants were sponge sampled for aerobic plate count, generic E. coli, coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, and E. coli O157:H7 before and after carcass intervention strategies. The control (C) treatment consisted of one 3% lactic acid (LA) wash applied at the end of slaughter, just prior to chilling. The multiple (M) intervention treatment received a 3% LA wash prior to evisceration, a hot water wash after carcass splitting and trimming, and a final LA wash just prior to chilling. The M treatment showed greater log reductions throughout the slaughter process prior to …

Distribution Of The Southeastern Shrew (Sorex Longirostris Longirostris) In Arkansas, G. A. Mikel, Gary A. Heidt, David W. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The southeastern shrew (Sorex longirostris longirostris) is considered uncommon and, due to a lack of knowledge, a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arkansas. Also, eastern Arkansas may represent a gap in the species’ distribution. Therefore, we evaluated persistence at previous capture sites, surveyed additional counties, quantified microhabitat at our capture locations, and compiled occurrences. Since Sealander and Heidt’s (1990) Arkansas Mammals detailed its occurrence, additional captures by Huston and Nelson (1994), Showen (2006), and this study document new counties (Pope and Searcy) and a new ecoregion (Arkansas Valley). Number of specimens in Arkansas has increased to 17 in 11 …

Seasonal Activity Of The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella Diplotertia, (Annelida: Hirudinea) In North-Central Arkansas, M. Connior, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ozark Highlands Leech, Macrobdella diplotertia, occurs intermittently throughout Arkansas, Kansas, and Missouri. Limited natural history of this species is known. Herein, we report a new county occurrence for this leech from a cattle pond in southern Marion County, Arkansas. We also report on the seasonal activity and novel hosts of this species. We surveyed the inhabited pond monthly to determine activity and collected natural history data on this species. This study indicated that this species appears to be most active in spring, summer, and early fall, but inactive during the winter. We also documented five new anuran hosts for …

New Records And Notes On The Natural History Of Selected Vertebrates From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Isolation And Characterization Of Microsatellite Loci From Wild Striped Snakehead (Channa Striata)., Yasmeen Sameer Mahmoud Salah

Student Works (2010-2019)

Channa striata (better known as Haruan in Malaysia), is a freshwater species that is well known as a protein source and also for its pharmaceutical value among wounded patients. Unfortunately stocks have declined over the past few years, thus an in-depth study is needed to rule out genetic irregularities that might be causing the slow extinction of the species. This study was conducted for the purpose of studying the population diversity and genetic structure of Channa striata (striped snakehead) in seven different locations around the peninsular of Malaysia. Microsatellite markers were isolated and identified using Random Amplified Microsatellite (RAM) primers. …

Isolation And Development Of Microsatellite Markers Of Channa Striata., Faiza Omar

Student Works (2010-2019)

Channa striata, locally known as haruan has long been regarded as a valuable edible fish and it is also consumed for its putative effects on wound healing. The main objective of the project was to develop microsatellite markers for use in the study of genetic diversity of the wild Channa striata populations in Malaysia. In this study, seven new microsatellite loci were isolated from Channa striata using a Random Amplified Microsatellite (RAMs) based technique which was an efficient and reliable method. Ten primers were used in population genetic studies of Channa striata.Sixty sets of microsatellite primer pairs were used in …

Biofouling And Short-Term Dynamics On Fish Cage Netting In Relation To Fish Rearing And Environmental Factors., John Madin

Student Works (2010-2019)

Four studies were conducted in a floating net-cages farm at Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (MMFR), Perak, Malaysia, to elucidate the biofouling assemblages on cage nettings and factors that influence their development. In the first study (Chapter 3),biofouling on 1.6 cm mesh net panels (size 0.2 m x 2 m) suspended inside (homemade pellet ‘P’, trash fish ‘T’) and outside (O) experimental net-cages in a fish farm were monitored every week until net openings were completely occluded by macrofouling organisms. Eight species (7 phyla) of sessile organisms and 27 species (3 phyla) of nonsessile associates were recorded.Colonization by macrofouling organisms usually …

Effects Of Different Extenders, Cryoprotectants, Equilibration And Vapour Exposure On Freezability Of African Catfish(Clarias Gariepinus) Sperm., Noor Azlina Kamaruding

Student Works (2010-2019)

The aim of this study was to develop an optimal freezing protocol for African catfish(Clarias gariepinus) sperm with special reference to type of extender and cryoprotectant, molarity, equilibration duration, vapour temperature and vapour exposure duration. Using Tris-Citric Acid Yolk Extender (TCAYE), a 3x3x3x3 factorial experiment was carried out consisting of 3 molarities of glycerol (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 M), 3 equilibration durations (120,140 and 160 minutes), 3 vapour temperatures (-80, -90 and -100oC) and 3 vapour exposure durations (5, 10 and 15 minutes). In addition, using Fish-Ringer Extender (FRE), a 3x3x3 factorial experiment was also conducted involving 3 equilibration durations …

Robert Edward Tucker, Sr. Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection consists of Robert Edward Tucker, Sr.’s ornithology field notes and journals concerning observations in the Chatham County area & the Georgia coastal islands. Most materials are handwritten and include daily observations from 1984-1997.

Find this collection in the University Libraries' catalog.

Lobster Attack Induces Sensitization In The Sea Hare, Aplysia Californica, Amanda J. Watkins, Daniel A. Goldstein, Lucy C. Lee, Christina J. Pepino, Scott L. Tillett, Francis E. Ross, Elizabeth M. Wilder, Virginia A. Zachary, William G. Wright

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Studies of the neural mechanisms of learning, especially of sensitization, have benefitted from extensive research on the model species, Aplysia californica (hereafter Aplysia). Considering this volume of literature on mechanisms, it is surprising that our understanding of the ecological context of sensitization in Aplysia is completely lacking. Indeed, the widespread use of strong electric shock to induce sensitization (an enhancement of withdrawal reflexes following noxious stimulation) is completely unnatural and leaves unanswered the question of whether this simple form of learning has any ecological relevance. We hypothesized that sublethal attack by a co-occurring predator, the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, might …

Pathological And Clinical Findings And Tissue Distribution Of Salmonella Gallinarum Infection In Turkey Poults, Lati̇fe Beyaz, Ayhan Atasever, Fuat Aydin, K. Semi̇h Gümüşsoy, Seçi̇l Abay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to experimentally induce Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Gallinarum) infection in turkey poults in order to detect S. Gallinarum using immunohistochemical, bacteriological, and histological procedures. The study included 90 white turkey poults that were divided into 3 groups (1-day-old, 3-week-old, and 2-month-old), each of which was orally inoculated with an inoculum of 0.3 mL of S. Gallinarum strain 9 broth culture that contained approximately 2 × 10^4, 1 × 10^6, and 1 × 10^9 cfu/mL, respectively. The duration of the experiment was 18 days. Clinical, pathological, and bacteriological findings were evaluated daily until 18 days …

Contemporary Grouping In Mixed-Size Dairy Herds Experiencing Four Seasons, Mohammad Ali̇ Nilforooshan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Countries with different herd structures and climates use different combinations of herd, year, and season to define the effect of their climatic conditions and management. Estimates of variance components and Akaike information criterion values resulting from 8 analytical models differentiated by different combinations of herd, year and season effects were compared for milk and fat yields. Data consisted of pedigree and records of 11,850 Holsteins freshening in 38 dairy herds of Isfahan, Iran, between January 1994 and October 2001. Heritability estimates were lowest for the models that used herd-year combination as a random effect. Moreover, the use of these models …

Immune Response To Type-2 Porcine Circovirus In Weaned Pigs, Hong Chen, Ke-Ying Zhang, Xue-Mei Ding, Zhi-Wen Xu, Dai-Wen Chen, Gang Tian

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixteen crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned at 28 days with an initial body weight of 5.12-8.64 kg and no antibodies to PCV2 were used in a 5-week trial to evaluate the immune response after intranasal inoculation with type-2 porcine circovirus. The percentage of peripheral blood ANAE+ T cells, PCV2 antibody titer, immunoglobulins, and serum IFN-\gamma, IL-2, and sIL-2R levels were determined. The results show that the percentage of peripheral blood ANAE+ T cells was notably higher in inoculated pigs 5 days post-inoculation (dpi) and significantly lower 21 dpi than in the control group. The anti-PCV2 titer in …