Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Exploring Ecological Zonation Of The Yellow River Estuary Coastal Zone Based On Nitrogen And Phosphorus Criteria, Dejuan Jiang, Song Qin, Zhengyi Liu, Ruiteng Sun, Xiaoshuai Hang, Tao Zou, Xiaoguang Li, Lijuan Li, Shichao Tian, Yanfang Li, Yongming Luo, Chuanyuan Wang, Yuan Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Estuaries, as ecologically sensitive brackish water mixing zones, face a critical bottleneck in refined management because traditional zonation based on socioeconomic attributes overlooks the ecological heterogeneity driven by salinity gradients and nutrient stoichiometry, leading to a disconnect between management measures and conservation needs. This study proposes a novel approach to coastal zonation using nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient criteria as an ecological benchmark. Overall ecological criteria are established for the Yellow River estuary (dissolved inorganic nitrogen: 0.258 mg/L; phosphate: 0.015 mg/L) and a differentiated management scheme is constructed based on a salinity gradient (26.5 PSU boundary). It is recommended to integrate …

Research On Paths, Issues And Countermeasures Of Initiating International Big Science Programs, Lingjuan Li, Guolu Li, Lijiao Xie, Youdan Xiao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Large-scale scientific programs shoulder the missions of pooling global innovation resources, building world-class scientific centers, and promoting high-quality regional development. They serve as crucial pillars for achieving high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology. Initiating large-scale scientific programs requires elements such as the support of scientific and technological condition platforms, the coordinated promotion by international organizations, a scientific and feasible governance structure, sound policy guarantees, and special support. At present, China faces a severe situation in initiating international large-scale scientific programs. Meanwhile, problems such as homogeneous competition among large-scale scientific programs, lack of mature management experience, and insufficient motivation …

Comparison Of Basic Research Of Major Bay Area International Science And Technology Innovation Centers And Implications, Wenneng Zhou, Yun Liu, Dong Guo, Tara Qian Sun, Liying Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Basic research has become an important source of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and it is of great significance for supporting and leading the construction of the international science and technology innovation center in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. In recent years, basic research in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has shown a sound development momentum. Compared with the international science and technology innovation centers in major overseas bay areas, it has obvious advantages in high-level universities and research institutions, major scientific infrastructure, and basic research outputs. Nevertheless, there are still relatively large gaps in the …

Innovation-Motivated Education (Ime): From “Trap Of Excellence” To “Fusion Of Exceptional”, Quanshui Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The “Needham Question” and “Tsien Hsue-shen’s Inquiry” jointly reveal a deep-seated structural contradiction—the “trap of excellence”: while traditional educational paradigms excel at mass-producing excellent talent that conforms to existing standards, they systemically suppress the emergence of exceptional geniuses capable of pioneering “new continents”. Confronted with the strategic goal of “building China into an education, science & technology, and talent powerhouse by 2035” and the transformative changes brought by AI technology, driving the reconstruction of educational paradigms and evaluation systems has become an urgent national strategic imperative. Based on sixteen years of practical exploration at Tsinghua University’s Tsien Excellence in Engineering …

Long-Term Ecological Research Provides Theoretical And Technical Support For Ecological Restoration And High-Quality Development In Agro-Pastoral Ecotone, Wenming Bai, Cunzheng Wei, Longyu Hou, Linghao Li, Xingguo Han, Wenhao Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since its establishment in 2001, the Duolun Restoration Ecology Station, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Duolun Station) has been dedicated to addressing severe grassland degradation and slow economic development in the agro-pastoral ecotone, north of Beijing. A series of systematic studies were conducted on the degraded grassland ecosystem in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Duolun County, Inner Mongolia. The major research findings are summarized as follows. (1) Elucidated that species-specific trait of plant roots, along with the changes in soil properties, are the primary drivers determining how plant and microbial community structure and function respond to anthropogenic disturbances and …

Duolun Restoration Ecology Station, Institute Of Botany, Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Institute Of Botany, Chinese Academy Of Sciences

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Current Status, Issues, And Strategies Of Researchers From National Scientific Institutions Participating In Science Education, Xiaoyi Wei, Jianzhong Zhou, Runqiang Wang, Rui Chen, Meihui Gu, Yixia Zhao, Jing Li, Ying Xiong, Liming Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Science education constitutes the essential foundation and critical underpinning for achieving the national strategy of integrated development across education, technology, and talent. The participation of researchers from national scientific research institutions in science education is of significant and far-reaching strategic importance for improving the overall scientific literacy of the Chinese public and cultivating top-tier innovative talent. This study focuses on researchers within the research institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Employing a questionnaire-based survey, we investigate and analyze the current status and challenges of researchers’ engagement in science education from the perspective of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). …

Ecological Barrier Of Coastal Zone In China: Concept, Functions, And Construction Theory, Guangxuan Han, Xiaoli Bi, Xiyong Hou, Xiaoli Zhang, Qianguo Xing, Yuan Li, Haiqing Ma, Ting Wang, Song Qin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The ecological barrier of coastal zone serves as a critical defense line for safeguarding coastal ecological security and sustainable socio-economic development, with multifaceted functions including wave attenuation, shoreline stabilization, and climate regulation. This study systematically elaborates on the concept and essence of ecological barriers of coastal zone, highlighting their core as land-sea continuums that synergistically leverage ecosystem integrity, hydrological connectivity, and biodiversity to provide systemic deliver protective functions. Nevertheless, China’s coastal ecological barrier construction faces four major challenges, namely, (1) theoretical frameworks, often derived from inland models, inadequately represent the complex land-sea interactions and socio-economic drivers; (2) the absence of …

Spatial Resilience Of Coastal Zones From Landscape Pattern Perspective: Connotation, Characteristics, Key Elements, And Pathways For Enhancement, Haixing Meng, Congchun Wang, Shufeng Ye

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The coastal zone is a critical ecological barrier at the land–sea interface. Nevertheless, its defensive and regulatory functions have been severely undermined by climate change and intensified human activities, which have caused landscape fragmentation and reduced connectivity. From the perspective of landscape pattern, this study defines the concept of coastal zone spatial resilience and develops a three-dimensional framework of “structure–process–function”, elucidating its attributes of stability, adaptability, recoverability, and dynamic evolution. By coupling ecological spatial resilience theory, the study identifies key landscape elements shaping spatial resilience and proposes an assessment framework consisting of sensitivity, structure, and ecological vitality and services. Building …

Coastal Zone Ecological Barrier Construction: Holistic Governance And Its Promotion Path, Xiurong Huang, Aihua Jiang, Dou Xiaodong Dou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The coastal zone is the frontier of the interaction between sea and land. As a special geographical unit, it has dual values of ecological security and economic development. It has become an important proposition to promote the resilience construction of coastal zone ecological barrier. In response to the current regulatory dilemma of “Kowloon Sea Governance”, structural contradictions in laws and norms, and complex conflicts of related interests, the construction of coastal zone ecological barrier must move from static protection to dynamic governance. In the goal dimension, the shift from “passive defense” to “resilient system construction” should be realized; in the …

Institutional Safeguards And International Experience For Construction Of Coastal Ecological Barrier, Jiayu Bai, Yalei Qing, Shufeng Ye

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The coastal zone is a transitional area shaped by the interaction between land and sea, and it holds significant importance for national ecological security as well as economic and social development. Against the backdrop of advancing Chinese modernization, the research on institutional safeguards for the construction of coastal ecological barrier is essential for building a comprehensive framework for ecological conservation from the mountaintop to the ocean, implementing the major projects to protect and restore key ecosystems and the “dual carbon” goals, and promoting ecological civilization and the construction of a Beautiful China. At present, China’s institutional safeguards for coastal ecological …

Three Decades Of Chinese Internet Technology: Social Risks And Prevention Pathways, Zhaokai Yin, Weifu Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the rapid advancement and application of big data, artificial intelligence, and mobile Internet technologies, network technology has been driving social development, while its negative effects have gradually emerged. Based on a critical perspective and logical reasoning, this study systematically reviews the evolution and characteristic manifestations of social risks in China’s network technology over the past 30 years, revealing multiple hidden dangers it has caused in data governance, capital operation, and political communication. Under the new situation, to prevent and defuse the social risks of network technology, precise measures should be taken from aspects such as value guidance, institutional regulation, …

Problems, Development Paths, And Policy Safeguards Of China’S Scientific And Technological Achievements System, Ping Zhang, Hongjun Geng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a crucial link that closely integrates scientific and technological innovation with socio-economic development. It is a key measure in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, building China into a great power in science and technology, and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces. The new round of sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation and the new situation of international trade frictions have posed new challenges and new logics to China’s scientific and technological achievements transformation system. This study combs through the dominant logic of China’s scientific and technological achievements transformation system under the …

Green Nudging: Psychology Facilitates Environmental Protection And Climate Policy, Fuming Xu, Anning Liu, Xinjing Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and global warming are the major realities threatening all mankind today, urging all countries in the world to take immediate actions to protect the environment, save energy, reduce emissions, and curb global warming. In practice, it is difficult to completely solve these urgent problems by relying only on laws and regulations, administrative orders and other coercive means, as well as incentives such as monetary incentives. Hence, it is necessary to use the results of relevant research in psychology and behavioral sciences to facilitate environmental protection, energy conservation, and climate policy, and to play an important …

Exploring Pathways To Resolve Structural Contradictions In Service Consumption Empowered By Digital-Intelligent Technologies, Yue Yang, Desheng Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Service consumption serves as a crucial engine for high-quality economic development. In China, service consumption is experiencing a stage of “simultaneous growth in quantity and quality”, yet it faces structural contradictions such as supply-demand imbalance, urban-rural disparities, information asymmetry, and regulatory lag. Focusing on how technology enables the reconstruction of full-chain service consumption scenarios, the study systematically analyzes core bottlenecks, explores technology-driven paths and institutional innovation strategies, and provides policy references for addressing the structural contradictions in service consumption.

Policy Overview (November, 2025)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Subject Index Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences Volume 40 (2025)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

The Cost Of Getting To “No”: Cultural Evolution Of Community Psychology In Two Indiana Communities, Catherine Cullen, Megan Peek

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Systematic Review: Burnout In Health Care Professionals, Nicolas X. Tovar

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Securing The Future: Strengthening Gun Safety Laws To Protect Our Youth, Clare Lilyestrom

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

This study explores the impact of child access prevention (CAP) laws on firearm-related deaths in the United States, analyzing the relationship between CAP laws and the corresponding firearm death rates by state. To evaluate the strength of each state’s CAP laws, each state was given a number from 0 (no law) to 3 (strongest protection). Firearm death rates were recorded as “n per 100,000” population. We performed a linear regression analysis that found a significant association between the strongest and moderate CAP laws and firearm deaths (strong = 3) -β = -14.0, p < .01; (moderate = 2) -( β = -7.4, p < .001) respectively. There was no significant difference between states with minimal protections (weak = 1) and those without CAP laws (none = 0). These results highlight that simply having a CAP law is insufficient; the strength of the law is a critical factor. This is further supported by the model, which showed that 43% of the variation in firearm deaths was directly linked to the strength of CAP laws. However, challenges such as gaps in enforcement, public awareness, and inconsistent legislation remain barriers. This paper proposes three key policy actions: (1) standardizing CAP laws nationwide, (2) requiring mandatory safe storage education for all firearm owners, and (3) expanding federal background checks to address purchase loopholes. Strengthening these areas would be a huge step toward reducing gun violence in the United States, particularly among youth.

Child Care For Student Parents: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Policy And Politics In Nys, Elizabeth M. Starks

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This policy analysis dissertation explores the complex and multifaceted challenges that exist within New York State’s early childhood care and education (ECCE) system by critically examining the amendment of one NYS social services law. Guided by Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, this study examines two research questions (under one overarching question):

1. What language and arguments are effective in making change in Early Childhood policy in NYS?
   1. What is the policy discourse surrounding the amendment of subdivision 1 of section 410-w social services law in NYS?
   2. What is the political discourse surrounding the amendment of subdivision 1 of section 410-w social services …

The Impact Of New York City’S Bail Reform, Ruya Y. Kutgun

Honors College Theses

This thesis examines the impact of New York City’s bail reform on crime, recidivism, and jail populations, with particular attention to whether the reform has contributed to increased violence. Implemented in 2020 to reduce racial and economic inequalities, bail reform eliminated cash bail for most low-level offenses and emphasized the least restrictive pretrial conditions, with subsequent amendments expanding eligibility for detention. Using cross-sectional data from multiple governmental and research institutions, this study analyzes arrest rates, rearrest rates, and jail population trends before and after implementation. Findings indicate no significant increase in recidivism or violent crime attributable to bail reform. Fluctuations …

City Council Bill To Decrypt Police Radio Has A Surprising Winner — Citizen App, Mikella Schuetter, Kennedy Sessions, Marina Samuel

Capstones

After the NYPD encrypted police scanners in 2024, eliminating public access to police radio communications, the New York City Council passed a bill on Dec. 18 to restore limited access for journalists and the public. The move could benefit Citizen, a crime-alert app that has pushed for decryption while entering a “no cost” partnership with the city, even as former employees and advocates raise concerns about the app’s practices and growing role in New York City’s public safety.

An Integrated Multivariate Econometric Modeling Framework For Risky Driving Behavior Related Crashes: Evaluating Crash Risk And Severity Across Zones, Pabitra Kumar Roy

Dissertations and Theses

Rapid advancements in crash modeling have yet to fully integrate multiple behavior-driven crash types and their severity outcomes within a single, scalable framework, specially in a way that captures the sequential nature of these behaviors where one risky action may amplify another. This study proposed an integrated multivariate econometric framework to jointly model crash frequency and severity outcomes for three major behaviorally driven crash types: alcohol-related, distraction-related, and aggressive-driving-related crashes. Specifically, using Oregon's 2022 census block group-level crash data, we propose an Integrated Multivariate Negative Binomial – Generalized Ordered Probit Fractional Split (IMNB–GOPFS) model to analyze these dimensions simultaneously while …

Artificial Intelligence And Consumer Trust, Privacy, And Protection On Digital Platforms, Alheri Gajere Adams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Academic scholars have researched the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on privacy, trust, and data governance; however, substantial gaps remain—particularly regarding how AI influences consumer trust and privacy among Texas consumers subscribed to digital platforms. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore how Texas consumers experience and perceive online platforms for personal and private use regarding online data privacy and trust, underscoring the gap in prior research on how state-level consumer protection laws, such as the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act (DTPA), address concerns relative to data trust, privacy, and digital protection. The conceptual framework that guided …

Inside The Gen Z Vote Across Gender And Race, Juliet La Sala

Capstones

This capstone examines how two people from two different Gen Z groups are navigating the 2024 U.S. election. One story revolves around a young woman adopting a U.S. version of South Korea’s 4B Movement and another reflects on a Gen Z Arab American responding to the Israel–Hamas war. Through reported stories and interviews, it explores how personal experience, gender and ethnic violence, and political disillusionment shaped these young voters’ choices and activism. Sierra Bee's story is in light of Trump's election and Liam's is right before the 2024 election took place. Together, the pieces highlight how global events and identity-based …

Enduring The American Dream, Edward Grattan

Capstones

Martha and Rene - both Colombian nationals – have made the difficult decision to self-deport from the United States in the midst of the Trump Administration’s unprecedented immigration crackdown and deportation campaign. After working as day laborers in The Hamptons, New York for nearly eight years, the couple shares their experience of leaving their current life behind as anti-immigrant rhetoric and policy escalates across the country.

The Trump administration has transformed the landscape for immigrants living in the United States, regardless of documentation status, by eliminating paths for legal residency, charging The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency with …

More Nyc Households To Qualify For Energy Efficiency Upgrades Under Tweaked State Program, Elise Robley

Capstones

The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority's EmPower+ program aims to provide low- and moderate-income households with energy-efficient upgrades. These upgrades help lower people's energy costs, especially how much it costs to heat and cool their homes. Starting this year, more low-income households in New York City will be eligible to apply for the program's benefits. This piece looks at this history of the EmPower+ program, why it's so beneficial to low- and moderate-income New Yorkers, and the potential positive impact the program's tweaks could have on local communities of color that might be dealing with high energy …

Lessons Learned: Andreas Verykios And Kostas Tsatsaronis, Mercedes Cardona

Journal of Financial Crises

Andreas Verykios was appointed in 2018 to lead the board of directors of the General Council of the Hellenic Financial Stability Fund (HFSF), an independent special purpose vehicle created to stabilize the Greek banking sector in the wake of the country’s debt crisis. The Greek economy was badly affected by the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the Sovereign Debt Crisis, when the government was found to have underreported its fiscal deficits and public debt. This led to a downgrade and eventual default of its sovereign bonds, requiring assistance from the European Commission. From 2010 through 2018, the commission implemented three …

Lessons Learned: Paul Tucker, Salil Gupta

Journal of Financial Crises

After joining the Bank of England (BoE) in 1980, Sir Paul Tucker held a number of positions of increasing responsibility including serving as a member of several key committees. Tucker played a crucial role in the BoE’s response to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) as director for markets, through March 2009, then as deputy governor of the bank until November 2013. Post-crisis, he has been instrumental in constructing the international regulatory framework on financial stability. From 2016 to 2021, Tucker also chaired the Systemic Risk Council.

Currently, Tucker is a research fellow at Harvard Kennedy School, Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business …