Materials Chemistry Commons^™

Research Progress On Transition State Of Organic Electrode Materials, Xue-Qian Zhang, Zhou-Guang Lu, Wei-Wei Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

With the increasing requirements for high energy density, long lifetime, high safety, environmentally friendly fabrication, and sustainable development of large energy storage devices, the society calls for new electrode materials in rechargeable batteries beyond traditional inorganic materials which are limited by specific capacity. Organic electrode materials have been widely used in rechargeable batteries due to their advantages of large theoretical capacity, designable structures and environmentally friendly fabrications. In this review, the radical intermediates of organic electrode materials produced in the charging-discharging process (redox reaction) and their types are systematically reviewed. The stability of radical intermediates controlled by changing the structure …

Research Progress In Electrodeposition Technology Of Titanium-Based Iridium Oxide Electrode, Dan-Dan Wu, Xu Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Titanium-based iridium oxide electrode has been widely used in various fields, such as electrocatalytic oxidation, biomedical applications, hydrometallurgical metal recovery, electro-osmotic dewatering, etc. At present, it is mainly prepared by traditional thermal decomposition method, however, which has high cost, cumbersome process, mainly relying on manual labor and cannot be mass-produced yet. It is, therefore, urgently necessary to explore new preparation technologies by focusing on electrodeposition technology, with technological characteristics such as eco-friendly and sustainable development. This article systematically discusses the research progress in iridium oxide electrodeposition preparation technology from the aspects of deposition solution formulation, base material selection and treatment, …

Preparations And Electrocatalytic Ethanol Properties Of Palladium Intercalated Hydrotalcite, Shou-Xun Hu, Liang Li, Jun-Hao Yang, Liu-Qiang Li, Zhi-Hao Jin

Journal of Electrochemistry

High-performance electrocatalysts play a vital role in the commercial application of direct fuel cells. Current anode materials still have such problems as low activity, easy poisoning and high cost. In this study, a new type of nano- palladium (Pd) catalyst was prepared by dipping method using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as the carrier. X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), energy spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscope were used to analyze the structure and electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst. The results showed that the newly prepared Pd/Mg-Al-LDHs still maintained …

Research Progress Of Sio2 Regrowth During Selective Etching Process In 3d Nand Manufacture Procedure, Zi-Han Zhou, Yun-Wen Wu, Ming Li, Su Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

As one of the most significant memory chips in semiconductor market, NAND has been developed from two-dimension (2D) to three-dimension (3D). Due to the three-dimensional memory structure of 3D NAND, the capacity density, read-write speed and reliability of memory chips have been greatly improved, as well as the reduction of power dissipation. It is by nitride-oxide selective etching process in the alternate stacked structure of 3D NAND that the inter-dielectric layers can be obtained. The more stack layers, the better performance of chips will be. Meanwhile, however, silicon dioxide (SiO₂) would regrow on the corner of oxide layers, …

Influence Of Resveratrol On Performance Of Long-Term Storage’S Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte, Lei Zhang, Xu-Ping Zhang, Si-Wei Zhang, Quan-Chao Zhuang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrolyte of lithium-ion battery usually goes through processes of filling, transportation and storage from the completion of manufacture to the use. Understanding the influence of long-term storage process on performance of lithium-ion battery electrolyte is of theoretical significance for production of lithium-ion battery. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film formed on the surface of the graphite electrode was thicker in the base electrolyte after 6 months of storage. The charge/discharge test results showed that the reversible cycle capacity and cycle stability (capacity retention rate) of graphite electrode decreased significantly after 6 months of …

Syntheses Of Na3V2(Po4)2O2F As A Cathode For Sodium Ion Battery Application, Kai Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

High-temperature solid-state method, hydro-thermal method and solvo-thermal method have been mainly employed to synthesize Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂O₂F (NVPF) cathode materials. However, these methods are energy consuming and complicated, which is not applicable for a large scale industrial production. In this study, a rather low-temperature (70℃) co-precipitation strategy was proposed to synthesize NVPF cathode materials. The as-prepared NVPF cathode materials showed a spherical shape with a diameter of 400 ~ 500 nm, and exhibited a sodium storage of 105.6 mAh·g^-1 and an efficiency of 90.06%. After a simple thermal process, the specific …

Doped-Magnesium Manganese Oxide Cathode For Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries, Nurhidayu Harudin

Student Works (2020-2029)

Magnesium has numerous good characteristics that make it attractive as an electrode material for rechargeable batteries. There are many advantages of Magnesium (Mg) such as available in abundance, ease of handling, low toxicity and environmental friendly. Due to its benefits, magnesium ion battery can be considered as an alternative to lithium in future. In the present work, the improvement electrochemical properties of magnesium-based cathode material, MgMn2O4 was done by adding calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr) as dopant i.e MgMn2-xCaxO4 and MgMn2-xSrxO4. These materials with compositions of x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 were synthesized by self-propagating combustion method using citric acid as a reducing agent. …

Exploring The Silent Aspect Of Carbon Nanopores, Teresa J. Bandosz

Publications and Research

Recently, owing to the discovery of graphene, porous carbons experienced a revitalization in their explorations. However, nowadays, the focus is more on search for suitable energy advancing catalysts sensing, energy storage or thermal/light absorbing features than on separations. In many of these processes, adsorption, although not emphasized sufficiently, can be a significant step. It can just provide a surface accumulation of molecules used in other application-driving chemical or physical phenomena or can be even an additional mechanism adding to the efficiency of the overall performance. However, that aspect of confined molecules in pores and their involvement in the overall performance …

Piezomagnetic Switching And Complex Phase Equilibria In Uranium Dioxide, Daniel J. Antonio, Joel T. Weiss, Katherine S. Shanks, Jacob P.C. Ruff, Marcelo Jaime, Andres Saul, Thomas Swinburne, Myron Salamon, Keshav Shrestha, Barbara Lavina, Daniel Koury, Sol M. Gruner, David A. Andersson, Christopher R. Stanek, Tomasz Durakiewicz, James L. Smith, Zahirul Islam, Krzysztof Gofryk

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

Actinide materials exhibit strong spin-lattice coupling and electronic correlations, and are predicted to host new emerging ground states. One example is piezomagnetism and magneto-elastic memory effect in the antiferromagnetic Mott-Hubbard insulator uranium dioxide, though its microscopic nature is under debate. Here, we report X-ray diffraction studies of oriented uranium dioxide crystals under strong pulsed magnetic fields. In the antiferromagnetic state a [888] Bragg diffraction peak follows the bulk magnetostriction that expands under magnetic fields. Upon reversal of the field the expansion turns to contraction, before the [888] peak follows the switching effect and piezomagnetic 'butterfly' behaviour, characteristic of two structures …

Experimental And Computational Design Of Nanostructured Materials For High Performance Supercapacitor Devices, Basant A. Ali

Theses and Dissertations

Both energy conversion and storage technologies need to be developed hand-to-hand simultaneously to overcome the energy crises. To this end, supercapacitors (SCs) have the potential to be the energy storage platform due to their fast charging capability and long cycling stability. However, their low energy is the bottleneck towards their wide implementation compared to batteries. Also, current research is based on guess and check methods to modify electrode materials with limited properties prediction. In this thesis, density functional theory (DFT) has been employed as a tool to identify potential SC electrode materials. Then, the gained knowledge was used to develop …

Interactions Of Organic Fluorophores With Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances, Robert J. Collison

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

It is common knowledge that metals, alloys and pure elements alike, are lustrous and reflective, the more so when a metal surface is flat, polished, and free from oxidation and surface fouling. However, some metals reflect visible light, in the 380 nm to 740 nm range of wavelengths, much more strongly than others. In particular, some metals reflect wavelengths in certain portions of the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR) regime, let us say 200 nm to 2000 nm, while absorbing light strongly in other segments of this range. There are several factors that account for this difference between various …

Nanoengineered Materials For Energy Conversion & Storage Applications: A Density Functional Theory Study, Ahmed Biby

Theses and Dissertations

The conventional approach for the development of novel materials has become long relative to the desired product development cycle. Thus, the sluggish pace of the development of materials within the conventional approach hinders the rapid transformation of the scientific outcomes into useful technological products. To this end, the field of hierarchical materials informatics evolved to bridge this gap. In this field, the multiscale material internal structure is considered the starting point and the core of this approach. This being said, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to generate useful materials data for the advancement of the hierarchical materials data-bases …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Perovskite-Based Materials For Memory Device Application, Gregory Thien Soon How

Student Works (2020-2029)

This project aims to study the resistive switching behaviour in memory devices using perovskites-based structures. A hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite was studied in this project, specifically methylammonium lead triiodide, CH3NH3PbI3 or MAPbI3 perovskite. The effect of the various counter electrodes in MAPbI3 perovskite was investigated by fabricating MAPbI3 perovskite on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Three commonly used electrodes which are Aluminium (Al), Silver (Ag), and Gold (Au) were thermally evaporated on top of the MAPbI3 perovskite layer. It was found that the ITO/MAPbI3/Al exhibits Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) behaviour with SET voltage (VSET) of 4.5 V and RESET …

Development Of Engineered Soil Surrogates For Modeling Natural Soil Sorption Behavior, Ghada Yehia Abdalla

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The land produces more than 95% of the global food supply, and with a continuously growing population, we need to optimize the use of the available agricultural land. Soil organic matter (SOM) is an essential component of soils, especially concerning their fertility and sorption behavior. The chemical composition of the SOM consists of lipids, lignin, and cellulose. However, the heterogeneous and complex nature of SOM, and real soils, makes their study challenging and introduces uncontrollable factors.

Therefore, structural mimics of natural soils with increasing complexity representing the real soil functionality were synthesized and evaluated for bulk properties related to their …

Synthesis Of New Anilinoquinazoline Derivatives As Potential Anticancer Agents: Antiproliferative Activity, Molecular Docking And Molecular Dynamics Studies, Muhammad Kumayl Abdul Wahab

Student Works (2020-2029)

Current reversible epidermal growth factor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been resisted by T790M mutation, while irreversible inhibitors introduced to overcome the mutation have faced resistance from C797S mutation. In the effort to discover potential reversible EGFR inhibitors, two series of anilinoquinazoline derivatives were synthesized and characterized, studied for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against NSCLC cell lines, namely A549, H1650 and H1975, and studied for the plausible binding mode in epidermal growth factor receptor kinases with different mutations through molecular docking. In the first series, the anilinoquinazoline scaffold was derivatized through the …

Numerical Reconstruction Of Spalled Particle Trajectories In An Arc-Jet Environment, Raghava S. C. Davuluri, Sean C. C. Bailey, Kaveh A. Tagavi, Alexandre Martin

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

To evaluate the effects of spallation on ablative material, it is necessary to evaluate the mass loss. To do so, a Lagrangian particle trajectory code is used to reconstruct trajectories that match the experimental data for all kinematic parameters. The results from spallation experiments conducted at the NASA HYMETS facility over a wedge sample were used. A data-driven adaptive methodology was used to adapts the ejection parameters until the numerical trajectory matches the experimental data. The preliminary reconstruction results show that the size of the particles seemed to be correlated with the location of the ejection event. The size of …

Polyesters With Main And Side Chain Phosphoesters As Structural Motives For Biocompatible Electrospun Fibres, André E. Polloni, Viviane Chiaradia, Ronaldo José F.C. Do Amaral, Cathal Kearney, Brian Gorey, Débora De Oliveira, José V. De Oliveira, Pedro H.H. De Araújo, Claudia Sayer, Andreas Heise

Articles

Phosphoester containing polymers are promising materials in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Utilising thiol-ene chemistry, the synthesis of two novel structural polymer motives combining polyesters and phophoester groups was explored. The first polymer was obtained by coupling ene-functional poly(thioether-phosphoester) with thiol functional poly(pentadecalactone). While the coupling reaction was successful, yields remained low presumably due to inadequate endgroup stoichiometry. The second polymer comprised phosphoester side groups conjugated to unsaturated poly(globalide). Double bond conversions up to 84% were achieved depending of the type of phosphoester thiol and relative reactant ratios. The resulting polymers transitioned from solid semicrystaline to liquid …

Valorization Of Xylan In Agroforestry Waste Streams, Harrison Appiah

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Valorization of Xylan in Agroforestry Waste Streams.

Harrison Appiah

Microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent and gamma-valerolactone metallic chloride catalyzed conversion of xylan to furfural were investigated using a 2x3 factorial experimental design at two levels of percent microwave power, reaction time, and catalyst concentration. The levels of each factor studied were (20%, 60% microwave power, 2, 4 minutes, and 10, 20mg) respectively. The effect of three metallic chloride catalysts (LiCl, FeCl3.6H20, CuCl2) on the conversion of xylan to furfural was also investigated. The gamma-valerolactone-ferric chloride sent system exhibited the highest mean yield of furfural (56.50%). The next highest furfural yield of …

Toward Understanding Large Deflection Bending Of 3d Printed Ninjaflex®, Lucas K. Gallup, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan O’Toole, Youssef Fahmy

College of Engineering Faculty Research

NinjaFlex® is a thermoplastic polyurethane filament that is primarily used for 3D printing. Aside from its low cost and availability, this material is highly flexible, durable, and has a low coefficient of friction. While NinjaFlex® was introduced approximately two decades ago, a comprehensive understanding of the filament’s mechanical behavior, especially in the context of the effect of 3D printing, is still lacking. The goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of the behavior of 3D printed NinjaFlex® specimens when subjected to bending loads that cause large deflection. A series of experiments were conducted to test the bending …

Recently Developed Carbohydrate Based Gelators And Their Applications, Joedian Morris, Jonathan Bietsch, Kristen Bashaw, Guijun Wang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Carbohydrate based low molecular weight gelators have been an intense subject of study over the past decade. The self-assembling systems built from natural products have high significance as biocompatible materials and renewable resources. The versatile structures available from naturally existing monosaccharides have enriched the molecular libraries that can be used for the construction of gelators. The bottom-up strategy in designing low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) for a variety of applications has been adopted by many researchers. Rational design, along with some serendipitous discoveries, has resulted in multiple classes of molecular gelators. This review covers the literature from 2017-2020 on monosaccharide …

Effect Of Heat Treatment On Microstructure And Hardness Of A Worn Rail Repaired Using Laser Powder Deposition, Ershad Mortazavian, Zhiyong Wang, Hualiang Teng

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research

The frequent replacement of worn rails on tracks brings an immense economic burden on the railroad industry, and also causes significant interruptions to railroad operation. Restoration of worn rails via laser powder deposition (LPD) can considerably reduce the associated maintenance costs. This study was focused on the use of LPD to repair the worn profile of a standard U.S. rail. The microstructure of the 304L stainless steel deposits with a minimum hardness of 85 HRB was composed of austenite, δ-ferrite, and sigma. Micropores were dispersed throughout the deposit, and microcracks were found at the rail-deposition interface. The pearlitic rail substrate …

Multi-Level Analysis Of Atomic Layer Deposition Barrier Coatings On Additively Manufactured Plastics For High Vacuum Applications, Nupur Bihari

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

While hardware innovations in micro/nano electronics and photonics are heavily patented, the rise of the open-source movement has significantly shifted focus to the importance of obtaining low-cost, functional and easily modifiable research equipment. This thesis provides a foundation of open source development of equipment to aid in the micro/nano electronics and photonics fields.

First, the massive acceptance of the open source Arduino microcontroller has aided in the development of control systems with a wide variety of uses. Here it is used for the development of an open-source dual axis gimbal system. This system is used to characterize optoelectronic properties of …

Nanostructured Copper Selenide As An Ultrasensitive And Selective Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor, Siddesh Umapathi, Harish Singh, Jahangir Masud, Manashi Nath

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

CuSe nanostructures exhibit high-efficiency for glucose detection with high sensitivity (19.419 mA mM-1 cm-2) and selectivity at a low applied potential of +0.15 V vs. Ag|AgCl, a low detection limit of 0.196 μM and a linear range of glucose detection from 100 nm. to 40 μM. This journal is

Characterization Of Modern Ammunition And Background Profiles: A Novel Approach And Probabilistic Interpretation Of Inorganic Gunshot Residue, Korina Layli Menking-Hoggatt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gunshot residue (GSR) can provide essential clues in gun-related investigations. The standard practice for GSR analysis uses SEM-EDS, with the capability for single particle elemental and morphological analysis. However, the method is time-consuming and based on categorical classification models without considering case circumstances. Therefore, complementary and more encompassing methods are needed to improve evidence interpretation of modern ammunition. This research aims to fill these demands by developing standard materials and alternative methods to characterize and interpret IGSR.

This study developed primer GSR (pGSR) standards from sixty discharged primers that were fully characterized by three techniques. The number of GSR particles, …

Fabrication Of Metal-Silicon Nanostructures By Reactive Laser Ablation In Liquid, Eric J. Broadhead

Theses and Dissertations

Metal-silicon nanostructures are a growing area of research due to their applications in multiple fields such as biosensing and catalysis. In addition, silicon can provide strong support effects to metal nanoparticles while being more cost effective than traditionally used supports, like titania. Traditional wet-chemical methods are capable of synthesizing metal-silicon nanostructures with a variety of composition and nanoparticle shapes, but they often require high temperatures, toxic solvents, strong reducing agents, or need capping agents added to stabilize the nanoparticles. Laser processing is an emerging technique capable of synthesizing metal-silicon composite surfaces that offers a faster, simpler, and greener synthesis route …

Nanopore Detection Of Long Time-Scale Single Metallic Cluster Conformational Changes And Surface Ligand Exchange, Bobby D. Cox

Theses and Dissertations

Single molecule nanopore spectroscopy serves as an emerging tool for studying small molecules in aqueous environments without the need for additional chemical labels. Recently it has been seeing increased use as a tool for investigating small metallic nanoparticles and clusters. These clusters consist of a handful of metallic atoms (e.g. Au18) and are regularly ‘passivated’ with organic ligands to provide functionality and protect against aggregation. There has been a widening gap in research studying the surface kinetics of these passivating ligands at the single molecule level as well as during the exchange process. In this work we investigated these surface …

Green Synthesis, Characterization And Electrochemical Biosensor Application Of Fe3o4-Au Core-Shell Nanoparticles, Elisa Rasouli

Student Works (2020-2029)

In this study, Fe3O4 nanoparticle (NP) and core-shell Fe3O4-Au NP have been synthesized using natural honey as a green synthesis method. It was found that honey is an effective reducing agent and stabilizer in producing NPs. The particle size of the synthesized material can be controlled by varying the concentration of honey. The particle size could be controlled below 10 nm. The NPs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UVVis) analysis, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) …

Determining Material Structures And Surface Chemistry By Genetic Algorithms And Quantum Chemical Simulations, Josiah Jesse Roberts

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

With the advent of modern computing, the use of simulation in chemistry has become just as important as experiment. Simulations were originally only applicable to small molecules, but modern techniques, such as density functional theory (DFT) allow extension to materials science. While there are many valuable techniques for synthesis and characterization in chemistry laboratories, there are far more materials possible than can be synthesized, each with an entire host of surfaces. This wealth of chemical space to explore begs the use of computational chemistry to mimic synthesis and experimental characterization. In this work, genetic algorithms (GA), for the former, and …

Synthesis, Crystal Engineering, And Material Properties Of Small-Molecule Organic Semiconductors, Emma Holland

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Small-molecule organic materials are of increasing interest for electronic and photonic devices due to their solution processability and tunability, allowing devices to be fabricated at low temperature on flexible substrates and offering utility in specialized applications. This tunability is the result of functionalization through careful synthetic strategy to influence both material properties and solid-state arrangement, both crucial variables in device applications. Functionalization of a core molecule with various substituents allows the fine-tuning of optical and electronic properties, and functionalization with solubilizing groups allows some degree of control over the solid- state order, or crystal packing. These combinations of core chromophores …

Plasmon Enhanced Single Molecule Fluorescence In Zero Mode Waveguides (Zmws), Abdullah Masud

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Plasmonic nanostructures are an extensive research focus due to their ability to modify the photophysical properties of nearby fluorophores. Surface plasmons (SP), defined as the collective oscillation of delocalized electrons, are the fundamental characteristic primarily responsible for altering those photophysical properties. Studying fluorophores at the single-molecule level has received significant attention since more specific information can be extracted from single molecule-based studies, which otherwise could be obscured in ensemble studies. However, single-molecule studies are inherently challenging because the signal from a single molecule is usually dim, making it difficult to detect. The situation is even worse in a crowded environment …