Medical Specialties Commons^™

Status Epilepticus In Children: A Five-Year Experience At Aga Khan University Hospital, S H. Ibrahim, M A. Yezdan, S Q. Nizami

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: Status epilepticus is an under diagnosed entity in Pakistan. It is a potentially reversible condition but has a high mortality, if it is not recognized and managed on time. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical profile and the relationship of mortality of status epilepticus with its known risk factors.
Methods: This was a retrospective study. Medical records of all the patients admitted in the last five years (1998-2002) with a diagnosis of status epilepticus (ICDcode 345.30, 345.31) were reviewed. Data was recorded on a Performa and analyzed by using the statistical programme SPSS, chi square …

Measured Effects Of Rapid Palatal Expansion On Nasal Cavity Volume Utilizing Cbct, Jon Neal Robinson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and predict the expected changes that occur in the nasal cavity volume following rapid palatal expansion. Eighteen subjects (11 female, 7 male), ages 9 to 18, requiring rapid palatal expansion in conjunction with comprehensive orthodontic treatment, were selected for the study. Rapid palatal expansion was accomplished using the standard, banded hyrax appliance. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomograms using the NewTom 9000™ were acquired before and after expansion. Serial coronal slices of the nasal cavity were made using the QV9000™ software program. The resultant serial images were imported into 3-D Doctor™ for analysis …

The Histological Effects Of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis On Rabbit Condyles, Eunice Jungmin Hong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present study is a histological evaluation of condyles taken from rabbits that underwent either a midline or paramedian distraction osteogenesis procedure on the mandibles. Fifteen rabbits were originally operated on and eight of these fifteen successfully made it through both the distraction osteogenesis procedure and the 1 month holding period that followed. There was one control animal.

In the present study, the condyles from these nine rabbits (1 control, 2 midline distraction osteogenesis, 6 paramedian distraction osteogenesis) were prepared for histological evaluation (18 total). Step serial sections were cut along the coronal plane and the sections from the anterior …

Interleukin-10 And Pathogenesis Of Murine Ocular Toxoplasmosis, Fangli Lu, Shiguang Huang, Lloyd H. Kasper

Dartmouth Scholarship

To understand the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in ocular toxoplasmosis, we compared C57BL/6 (B6) and BALB/c background mice lacking a functional IL-10 gene (IL-10(-/-)) and B6 transgenic mice expressing IL-10 under the control of the IL-2 promoter. Increased cellular infiltration and necrosis were observed in the eye tissue of IL-10(-/-) mice of both the B6 and BALB/c backgrounds with associated changes in the levels of cytokines in serum. In contrast, there was no evidence of necrosis in the eye tissue from IL-10 transgenic mice following parasite exposure. Our results demonstrate that IL-10 is important in the regulation of inflammation during …

Determinants Of Balance Confidence In Community-Dwelling Elderly People, Janine Hatch, Kathleen M. Gill-Body, Leslie G. Portney

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Background and Purpose. The fear of falling can have detrimental effects on physical function in the elderly population, but the relationship between a persons' confidence in the ability to maintain balance and actual balance ability and functional mobility is not known. The extent to which balance confidence can be explained by balance performance, functional mobility, and sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health-related factors was the focus of this study.

Subjects. The subjects were 50 community-dwelling elderly people, aged 65 to 95 years (X̄=81.7, SD=6.7).

Methods. Balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale. Functional mobility was measured using the Timed Up & …

Socio-Economic And Diagnostic Aspects Of Tuberculosis In Pakistan, Saba Sohail

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

Neurological Care In Pakistan: Actions Are Needed, M. Wasay

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ischemic Stroke Subtypes In Pakistan: The Aga Khan University Stroke Data Bank, N. A. Syed, B. A. Khealani, S. Ali, A. Hasan, H. Brohi, T. Mozaffar, N. Ahmed, A. Hameed, S. M. Baig, M. Wasay

Department of Medicine

Objective: Frequency of ischemic stroke subtypes is influenced by ethnic and geographic variables. Our objective was to identify various stroke subtypes and its determinants at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: We prospectively collected data on ischemic stroke subtypes admitted to The Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi.

Results: A total of 596 patients were enrolled in 22 months in the Aga Khan Universtiy Stroke Registry. These included 393 patients with Ischemic stroke, 126 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, 50 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others. The ischemic stroke group was classified according to the TOAST criteria and comprised of lacunar 168/393 …

Spectrum Of Complications And Mortality Of Bacterial Meningitis: An Experience From A Developing Country, M. A. Rabbani, A. A. Khan, S. S. Ali, B. Ahmad, Mohammad Asim Beg, M. A. Khan, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

Objective:

The aim of this study was to obtain data on predisposing factors, causative organisms and their associated mortality and complications related to acute bacterial meningitis.

Methods:

The chart review of all patients in whom acute bacterial meningitis was diagnosed at The Aga Khan University Hospital from January 1995 through December 2001.

Results:

One hundred ninety-four patients were included in study. There were 146 males and 48 females. The mean age of our study population was 41±12.3 years. One hundred and ninety (97.9%) patients had community acquired meningitis; only 4 (2.0%) patients developed meningitis nosocomially. The two most common predisposing …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 5 No. 6 (November 15, 2003), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Giant Choroid Plexus Papilloma Of The Third Ventricle, Ashfaq A. Razzaq, Khalid N. Chishti

Section of Neurosurgery

Abstract are not provided by the author/publisher

Oncolog, Volume 48, Number 11, November 2003, Sunni Hosemann, Don Norwood

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Laparoscopy Shows a Benefit in a Growing Number of Oncologic Procedures
• Collaboration and Creativity Lead to a New Approach to Spinal Surgery
• Protocols: Studies Test New Surgical Procedures
• House Call: Telling Fact from Fiction on the Internet

Decreasing Barriers For Teens: Evaluation Of A New Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Strategy In School-Based Clinics, Abbey C. Sidebottom, Amanda Birnbaum, Sarah S. Nafstad

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Sidebottom et al seek to evaluate the effects of the change in distribution systems on students' receipt of requested contraceptives and demand for contraceptive school-based clinics (SBC). The result of the study reveals that the average number of requests per student was higher under the voucher system, possibly as a consequence of expires vouchers resulting in repeated requests. The findings also suggest that SBCs could go a step further in reducing adolescents' barriers to accessing contraceptives by adopting an on-site direct delivery system..

Situs Ambiguous, Saba Sohail, Mukhtiar Ahmed Memon, Allah Rakhiyo

Department of Radiology

The case of a female child is described who presented with recurrent respiratory infections and "recurrent right subphrenic abscess." Detailed radiological work-up identified situs ambiguous abdominis with bronchiectasis, duodenal malrotation, umbilical hernia and spina bifida.

Comparison Of Double Disc And Combined Disc Method For The Detection Of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases In Enterobacteriaceae, K Jabeen, A Zafar, Rumina Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
/="/">To compare double disc approximation and combined disc method for their ability to detect extended spectrum b lactamase (ESBL) production in enterobacteriaceae and determine the percentage of isolates which are falsely reported as sensitive in absence of ESBL detection, in a clinical microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital between September-October 2002.
/="/">Methods:
/="/">Selected isolates were identified according to standard biochemical tests. Disc susceptibility tests were performed according to NCCLS. ESBL detection by combined disc [cefotaxime (30 ug) versus cefotaxime plus clavulanate (30+10 ug)] was compared with detection using double discs [amoxy-clavulanic acid (20+10 ug) and …

Presentation Of Allergen In Different Food Preparations Affects The Nature Of The Allergic Reaction: A Case Series, K. E. C. Grimshaw, R. M. King, Julie A. Nordlee, S. L. Hefle, John O. Warner, J. O.'B. Hourihane

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background: Characterization of fatal and nonfatal reactions to food indicates that the majority of reactions are due to the ingestion of prepared foods rather than the nonprocessed allergen. In an ongoing study that used a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge to investigate peanut allergy and clinical symptoms, the observed reaction severity in four of the first six subjects was greater than anticipated. We hypothesized that this was due to differences in the composition of the challenge vehicle.

Objective: The aim was to investigate whether the severity of observed challenge reactions would be repeated on rechallenge with a lower fat …

Midazolam And Thiopentone Co-Induction: Looking For Improvement In Quality Of Anaesthesia, M A. Khan, F A. Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To evaluate improvement in quality of anaesthesia induction using thiopentone and midazolam for co-induction of anaesthesia. An additional end point was taken as loss of response to a tetanic stimulation (50 Hz) delivered for 5 seconds after the loss of verbal contact and eyelash reflex.Methods: Ninety ASA I and II patients, within the age range of 20-60 years were studied. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups; A, B and group C.Results: Onset of induction and loss of response to a tetanic stimulation was achieved earlier in group B as compared to the other study groups (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Co-induction with midazolam 0.02 mg x kg(-1) followed by thiopentone 3 mg x kg(-1) was superior to other two groups. Induction of anaesthesia in this group was found to be smoother and faster, provided better hemodynamic stability, better airway maintenance and with lesser incidence of untoward effects.

Ms211: Albina Personal Statement, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

This is a personal statement written by Albina Orazgaliyeva (now Rippy). She was the daughter of our colleague (Marina) in Semipalatinsk who we helped come to the US to study. She eventually graduated from UH, married, and built a very successful business that they sold called Yoga One. The statement however is a powerful reminder of the reach of the partnership that went well beyond our funded mandate to that of friendship. Her family built a very successful private pharmacy and production business at a time when almost none existed after the breakup of the Soviet Union left countries like …

Interpreting Hemoglobin And Water Concentration, Oxygen Saturation, And Scattering Measured In Vivo By Near-Infrared Breast Tomography, Subhadra Srinivasan, Brian W. Pogue, Shudong Jiang, Hamid Dehghani, Christine Kogel, Sandra Soho, Jennifer J. Gibson, Tor D. Tosteson, Steven P. Poplack, Keith D. Paulsen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Near-infrared spectroscopic tomography was used to measure the properties of 24 mammographically normal breasts to quantify whole-breast absorption and scattering spectra and to evaluate which tissue composition characteristics can be determined from these spectra. The absorption spectrum of breast tissue allows quantification of (i) total hemoglobin concentration, (ii) hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and (iii) water concentration, whereas the scattering spectrum provides information about the size and number density of cellular components and structural matrix elements. These property data were tested for correlation to demographic information, including subject age, body mass index, breast size, and radiographic …

Transcriptional Inhibition Of Type I Collagen Gene Expression In Scleroderma Fibroblasts By The Antineoplastic Drug Ecteinascidin 743., Natalia Louneva, Biagio Saitta, David J Herrick, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

We previously showed that COL1A1 expression is up-regulated at the transcriptional level in systemic sclerosis (SSc) fibroblasts and that the CCAAT-binding factor (CBF) is involved in this increased expression. Ecteinascidin 743 (ET-743) is a chemotherapeutic agent that binds with sequence specificity to the minor groove of DNA and inhibits CBF-mediated transcriptional activation of numerous genes. Therefore, we examined the effects of ET-743 on the increased COL1A1 expression in SSc fibroblasts. The drug caused a potent and dose-dependent inhibition of type I collagen biosynthesis, which reached 70-90% at 700 pM without affecting cell viability. The same drug concentration caused 60-80% reduction …

Ua61/6 Newsletter, Issue 2, Wku Institute For Rural Health Development & Research

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about the Institute for Rural Health Development & Research. This issue contains:

• College of Health & Human Services Has New Dean – John Bonaguro
• Simpson, Staci. Institute Aims to Improve Oral Health of Children
• Whitfield, Beth. WKU Mobile Unit KICS Off Dental Event with Webster County – Kentucky Interdisciplinary Community Screening
• Stone, Glynda. TEACH KY: Teachers Exploring & Advocating Careers in Health in Kentucky
• Institute Sponsors Hispanic Health Fair
• HIV Prevention Counseling & Testing Training Program Initiated at WKU
• New Web-based Course Offered Through Communications Disorders Department at WKU
• Lashley, Donita. Child Passenger Safety Training
• Handy, …

Com Outlook Fall 2003, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Septic Arthritis Of The Hip In Children: Aga Khan University Hospital Experience In Pakistan, Muhammad Umer, Pervaiz Hashmi, Tashfeen Ahmad, M Ahmed, Masood Umer

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Objective: To present clinical, radiological and bacteriological features and short term outcome of septic arthritis of the hip in children.
Methods: There were 23 male and 16 female children, including 6 neonates and 10 infants with a mean age of 3.9 years. Diagnosis of septic hip was made on clinical grounds, supplemented by X-rays, leukocyte count and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Thirty nine patients with 40 hips were followed for a mean time period of 76 weeks. All patients had a positive joint aspirate (pus) and underwent surgical decompression along with intravenous antibiotic therapy.
Results: Symptoms of pain, fever …

Consanguineous Marriage Resulting In Homozygous Occurrence Of X-Linked Retinoschisis In Girls, Azam Ali, Agha Hassan Feroze, Zulfiqar H. Rizvi, Tausif- Ur -Rehman

Section of Ophthalmology

Purpose: To investigate a family afflicted with X-linked retinoschisis and to determine the pedigree leading to such an occurrence.Design: Observational case series.
Methods: Visual acuities were measured at The Aga Khan University Hospital Ophthalmology clinic. Slit-lamp examination, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopies were performed on each of the seven members of this family. The pedigree was established by appropriate questioning about the rest of their family.
Results: The pedigree revealed the homozygosity of the four daughters for the XLRS mutations borne out of the consanguineous marriage between an affected father and a carrier mother.
Conclusions: This is the first report showing …

Oncolog, Volume 48, Number 10, October 2003, Katie Prout Matias, Mariann Crapanzano, Leslie R. Schrover Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• 'Hitting Bladder Cancer on All Fronts': Researchers Focus on Improving Therapies and Identifying Biomarkers Restoring Erectile Function in Patients Treated for Prostate Cancer: Efforts across Disciplines Address Physical, Psychological, and Emotional Factors Related to Sexual Potency
• House Call: Note to Self: Get Screened for Colon Cancer
• DiaLog: Sexual Function and Prostate Cancer: The Importance of Realistic Expectations, by Leslie R. Schover, PhD, Professor, Department of Behavioral Science

Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Micronutrient Deficiencies., Javed Yakoob, Wasim Jafri, Shahab Abid

Section of Gastroenterology

It is known that deficiencies of micronutrients due to infections increase morbidity and mortality. This phenomenon depicts itself conspicuously in developing countries. Deficiencies of iron, vitamins A, E, C, B12, etc are widely prevalent among populations living in the third world countries. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection has a high prevalence throughout the world. Deficiencies of several micronutrients due to H pylori infection may be concomitantly present and vary from subtle sub-clinical states to severe clinical disorders. These essential trace elements/micronutrients are involved in host defense mechanisms, maintaining epithelial cell integrity, glycoprotein synthesis, transport mechanisms, myocardial contractility, brain development, cholesterol …

Renal Teratoma: A Rare Entity, N Yaqoob, Z Ahmed, N Jafri, S Muzaffar, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Il-7 Enhances Peripheral T Cell Reconstitution After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation., Onder Alpdogan, Stephanie J Muriglan, Jeffrey M Eng, Lucy M Willis, Andrew S Greenberg, Barry J Kappel, Marcel R M Van Den Brink

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

We used clinically relevant murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models to study the mechanisms by which IL-7 administration can improve posttransplant peripheral T cell reconstitution. After transplant we could distinguish two populations of mature donor T cells: (a) alloreactive T cells with decreased expression of CD127 (IL-7 receptor alpha chain) and (b) nonalloreactive T cells, which express CD127 and undergo homeostatic proliferation. IL-7 administration increased the homeostatic proliferation of nonalloreactive T cells, but had no effect on alloreactive T cells and the development of graft-versus-host disease. Allogeneic transplant of purified hematopoietic stem cells and adoptive transfer of thymocytes into …

Candida Esophagitis: Risk Factors In Non-Hiv Population In Pakistan, Javed Yakoob, Wasim Jafri, Shahab Abid, Nadim Jafri, Muhammad Islam, Saeed Hamid, Hasnain Ali Shah, Akbar S. Hussainy

Section of Gastroenterology

AIM:

Candida esophagitis is a frequent infection in immunocompromised patients. This study was designed to determine its characteristics in non- human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a teaching hospital.

METHODS:

Clinical records of all patients coded by international classification of diseases 9th revision with clinical modifications' (ICD-9-CM), with candida esophagitis diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology over a period of 5 years were studied.

RESULTS:

Fifty-one patients (27 males, 24 females, range 21-77 years old and mean age 52.9 years) fulfilled the criteria (0.34% of the EGD). The common predisposing factors were carcinoma (OR 3.87, CI 1.00-14.99) and …

Topographical Expression Of Class Ia And Class Ii Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Enzymes In Normal Human Tissues Is Consistent With A Role In Differentiation, Soha Salama El Sheikh, Jan Domin, Prakitpunthu Tomtitchong, Paul Abel, Gordon Stamp, El-Nasir Lalani

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Growth factor, cytokine and chemokine-induced activation of PI3K enzymes constitutes the start of a complex signalling cascade, which ultimately mediates cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, chemotaxis, survival, trafficking, and glucose homeostasis. The PI3K enzyme family is divided into 3 classes; class I (subdivided into IA and IB), class II (PI3K-C2α, PI3K-C2β and PI3K-C2γ) and class III PI3K. Expression of these enzymes in human tissue has not been clearly defined.

Methods: In this study, we analysed the immunohistochemical topographical expression profile of class IA (anti-p85 adaptor) and class II PI3K (PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β) enzymes in 104 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded …