Medical Specialties Commons^™

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 1 No. 3 (December 15, 1999), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Implantable Controlled Release Device To Deliver Drugs Directly To An Internal Portion Of The Body, Paul Ashton, Paul A. Pearson

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

A simple and implantable sustained release drug delivery device with an inner core containing an effective amount of a low solubility agent covered by a non-bioerodible polymer coating layer that is permeable to the low solubility agent is disclosed. A method for treating a mammal to obtain a desired local or systemic physiological or pharmacological effect by surgically implanting such a sustained release drug delivery device into a mammal in need of treatment is also disclosed.

Update - December 1999, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- John and Alice Wong establish bioethics endowment
-- Richard Rice receives Templeton Award
-- "Humans" and "Persons" in Christian Bioethics (Commentary)
-- Mechanically Restraining the Ill and Elderly: Ethical Problems and Proposals
-- Clinical Ethics Consultation
-- Learn to minister in the clinical setting

Prognostic Indicators Of Childhood Acute Viral Encephalitis, E Bhutto, M Naim, M Ehtesham, M Rehman, M A. Siddique, I Jehan

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To devise a set of clinical signs and laboratory parameters that would help clinicians assess prognosis in patients and plan appropriate management.Methods: Medical records of 147 paediatric cases (with a discharge diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis) admitted over a ten year period from 1987 to 1997 were reviewed and relevant information collected on a data extraction form.Results: Of 147 patients, 24 (16.3%) died and 48 (32.7%) were left with severe neurological deficits. A GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) score between 6-10 had an association with poor outcome (OR = 2.62, Chi-square = 5.57, p-value = 0.018) and that a GCS …

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 12, December 1999, Margaret E. Goode, Dawn Chalaire, John Mendelsohn Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Collaboration Between Scientists, Clinicians Moves Apoptosis Studies Forward
• Answering the Who, What, and How of Medical Physics
• USHERING IN NEW TECHNOLOGIES: Medical Physicists Focus on IMRT, Ultrasound-Guided Brachytherapy
• DiaLog: Building Better Patient Care on the Foundation of Scientific Research, by John Mendelsohn, MD, President, Professor of Clinical Investigation
• House Call: Make Cancer Prevention Part of Your New Year's Resolutions

Self-Reported Feeding Advice By Physicians For Common Childhood Illnesses, S Q. Nizami, Z A. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: A nutritious diet is important for recovery during illnesses. Dietary advice by physicians and consumption of food by the patients are often based upon their hot and cold concepts and beliefs about various foods rather than on scientific basis.
Objectives: To look at the food-advising behaviour of physicians during illnesses and to know the maternal concepts about various foods being hot or cold.
Methods: A questionnaire was served to the physicians participating in a continuous medical education session held at the Aga Khan University and Hospital, asking them to write the foods they advise or restrict during different illnesses …

Gastric Carcinoma With Lymphoid Stroma: Association With Epstein Virus Genome Demonstrated By Pcr, Irshad N. Soomro, Samina Noorali, Syed Abdul Aziz, Suhail Muzaffar, Shahid Pervez, Akbar S. Hussainy, Tariq Moatter

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Sterilization In The United States: Prevalence And Controversies, Carey Brown

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

There have been many breakthroughs in birth control technologies, many of which have been beneficial for women. However, many feminists who advocate reproductive freedom also warn that freedom for some might lead to further oppression for others. The case in point is the practice of tubal ligation in the United States. Conflict theory indicates that the field of medicine is a social structure that is based upon capitalistic ideology and serves to perpetuate inequality. Feminist theory argues that medicine systematically disempowers women and that notions of family are very narrowly defined. This study examined the prevalence of tubal ligation among …

A Preclinical Model Of Ionizing Radiation And Tnf-Alpha Gene Therapy For Cancer, Jun Li

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Long term control of high-grade brain tumors is rarely achieved with current therapeutic regimens. This study sought to determine if pretreatment with plasmid DNA expressing Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) could enhance the effect of ionizing radiation in an aggressive, rapidly growing glioma tumor (C6) model. Plasmid DNA is an attractive vector system for delivery of foreign genes into eukaryotic cells due to its advantages including low immunogenicity in vivo, lesser toxicity and relatively low cost. We have constructed a plasmid-based mammalian expression vector (pGL1-TNF) to secrete human TNF-α from cancer cells. Plasmid DNA was successfully transfected into C6 cells …

Targeted Endovascular Therapy Combined With Angiographic Wound Blush As A Novel Predictor For Limb Salvage In Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia, Abdullah Al-Mallah, Mohamed Abdelhamid, Mohamed Hamza

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Abstract: Background: Chronic threatening limb ischemia (CTLI) is a major medical problem affecting limbs, quality of life and survival. Angioplasty is considered as the first choice for treatment. Neither definite strategy was defined as the best option nor intraoperative endpoint for successful angioplasty for infragenicular vessles. Aim: to investigate angiosomal concept and wound blush in wound healing after infra-genicular angioplasty. Methods: 40 patients with CTLI affecting the infra-genicular arteries. Patients were divided into two groups; Direct revascularization (DR) and Indirect Revascularization groups (This was done if the direct revascularization was not technically possible). According to post intervention wound blush, patients …

Immune Cd8+ T Cells Prevent Reactivation Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In The Immunocompromised Host, Imtiaz A. Khan, William R. Green, Lloyd H. Kasper, Kathy A. Green, Joseph D. Schwartzman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Toxoplasma gondii remains a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals that are immunosuppressed, patients with AIDS in particular. The cellular immune response, especially by gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing CD8⁺ T cells, is an essential component of protective immunity against the parasite. In the present study the role of CD8⁺ T cells during the reactivation of Toxoplasma infection in an immunocompromised murine model was evaluated. Chronically infected mice were challenged with LP-BM5 virus, and the kinetics of CD8⁺ T-cell function was studied. At 10 weeks after viral infection, mice showed obvious signs of systemic illness and began …

Ethnic Variability In The Treatment Of Pain, Rafael A. Ortega, Benjamin A. Youdelman, Richard C. Havel

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Ethnicity has been shown to be an important determinant of behavior during illness, particularly when a painful condition is present. Studies have shown that pain may be undertreated among different ethnic groups of patients. Whereas individual variations in the reaction to pain occur, available data do not support racial and/or ethnic differences in the perception of pain, leaving no justification for this discrepancy in treatment. Regardless of ethnicity, inadequate treatment of pain has been known for some time and has been referred to in recent literature as "oligoanalgesia." Lack of understanding of different ethnic and cultural groups can lead to …

Evaluation And Management Of Gout, N S. Ali

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 11, November 1999, Beth Notzon, Dawn Chalaire, Rhonda L. Moore Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Overcoming Side Effects: Department of Internal Medicine Specialties Finds Ways to Continue Critical Treatments
• Partners in Knowledge, News in Cancer: P.I.K.N.I.C. Program Brings Physicians, Patients Together
• House Call: CIS: Answering the Call for Help
• Advances in Control of Nausea, Vomiting Aim to Reduce 'Misery Quotient'
• DiaLog: Finding Meaning in Stories of Pain and Suffering, by Rhonda L. Moore, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Epidemiology
• Protocols: Side Effects of Cancer and Cancer Treatments Are the Subject of Clinical Investigations

Arthritis And Rosai-Dorfman Disease Of The Skin: A Diagnostic Dilemma, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Kamran Hameed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Correlates Of Suicide Risk In Adolescent Inpatients Who Report Histories Of Childhood Abuse, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Dwain C. Fehon, Deborah S. Lipschitz, Steve Martino, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The study objective was to examine correlates of suicide risk in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents with a reported history of childhood abuse. Predictors of suicide risk were examined in 74 subjects who reported a history of childhood abuse and 53 depressed subjects who did not report a history of childhood abuse. Subjects completed a battery of psychometrically well-established self-report instruments to assess childhood abuse, suicide risk, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Correlational analyses showed that higher levels of depression, self-criticism, and hopelessness were significantly associated with suicide risk in both study groups and violence was significantly associated with suicide risk in …

Increased Matrix Synthesis Following Adenoviral Transfer Of A Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 Gene Into Articular Chondrocytes, Franklin D. Shuler Md, Phd, Helga I. Georgescu, Christopher Niyibizi, Rebecca K. Studer, Zhibao Mi, Brian Johnstone, Paul D. Robbins, Christopher H. Evans

Orthopaedics

Monolayer cultures of lapine articular chondrocytes were transduced with first-generation adenoviral vectors carrying lacZ or transforming growth factor β₁ genes under the transcriptional control of the human cytomegalovirus early promoter. High concentrations of transforming growth factor β₁ were produced by chondrocytes following transfer of the transforming growth factor β₁ gene but not the lacZ gene. Transduced chondrocytes responded to the elevated endogenous production of transforming growth factor β₁ by increasing their synthesis of proteoglycan, collagen, and noncollagenous proteins in a dose-dependent fashion. The increases in collagen synthesis were not accompanied by alterations in the collagen phenotype; …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 1 No. 2 (October 15, 1999), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

The Critically Ill Patient After Hepatobiliary Surgery, Stephen P. Povoski, Robert J. Downey, Paul S. Dudrick, Yuman Fong, William R. Jarnigan, Jeffrey S. Groeger, Leslie H. Blumgart

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing

Background

We analyzed the causes and results of utilization of critical careservices in the special care unit in patients after surgical proceduresperformed by the hepatobiliary surgical service during a 23-month period.

Results

Thirty-two of 537 patients (6.0%) required postoperative admissionto the special care unit. Twenty-one patients were admitted directly fromoperating room or from recovery room because of inability to wean fromventilator (n = 10), hypovolemic shock (n = 4), myocardialischemia or infarction (n = 2), sepsis (n = 2), uppergastrointestinal bleeding (n = 2), and acute renal failure (n=1). Eleven postoperative patients were …

Vital Signs, Fall 1999, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty four page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

Immune Responses Induced By Gene Gun Or Intramuscular Injection Of Dna Vaccines That Express Immunogenic Regions Of The Serine Repeat Antigen From Plasmodium Falciparum, Alexia A. Belperron, David Feltquate, Barbara A. Fox, Toshihiro Horii, David J. Bzik

Dartmouth Scholarship

The liver- and blood-stage-expressed serine repeat antigen (SERA) of Plasmodium falciparum is a candidate protein for a human malaria vaccine. We compared the immune responses induced in mice immunized with SERA-expressing plasmid DNA vaccines delivered by intramuscular (i.m.) injection or delivered intradermally by Gene Gun immunization. Mice were immunized with a pcdna3 plasmid encoding the entire 47-kDa domain of SERA (amino acids 17 to 382) or the N-terminal domain (amino acids 17 to 110) of SERA. Minimal antibody responses were detected following DNA vaccination with the N-terminal domain of SERA, suggesting that the N-terminal domain alone is not highly immunogenic …

Differential Transcription Of The Tcpph Operon Confers Biotype-Specific Control Of The Vibrio Cholerae Toxr Virulence Regulon, Yvette M. Murley, Patricia A. Carroll, Karen Skorupski, Ronald K. Taylor, Stephen B. Calderwood

Dartmouth Scholarship

Epidemic strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 are divided into two biotypes, classical and El Tor. In both biotypes, regulation of virulence gene expression depends on a cascade in which ToxR activates expression of ToxT, and ToxT activates expression of cholera toxin and other virulence genes. In the classical biotype, maximal expression of this ToxR regulon in vitro occurs at 30 degrees C at pH 6.5 (ToxR-inducing conditions), whereas in the El Tor biotype, production of these virulence genes only occurs under very limited conditions and not in response to temperature and pH; this difference between biotypes is mediated at the …

Oncolog, Volume 44, Number 10, October 1999, Dawn Chalaire, Alison Rufffin, Vickie J. Williams

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues)

• Stereotadic Unit Expands Treatment Options for Patients with Brain Tumors
• New Center Teams With Community Physicians to Treat Patients With Advanced Cancer
• IRS Deduction Gives Smokers One More Reason to Quit
• Accuracy Essential in Stereotactic Radiosurgery
• House Call: Vitamins and Cancer Risk: Why You Should Eat Your (Fruits and) Vegetables
• Protocols: Brain Tumor Protocols Include Stereotactic Treatments, Surgery, and Radiation Therapy

Intermittent Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) Can Induce Reduction Of Viral Rebounding During Art-Interruption, Joseph L. Yozviak Do, Facp, R Eric Doerfler Np, Cch, William C. Woodward Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

P53 And Pcna Expression In Benign, Atypical And Malignant Meningiomas, R Ahmed, I N. Soomro, S A. Aziz, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: Alterations: p53 genes are turning out to be the most common genetic alterations in human cancers. Due to long half-life of mutated p53, its detection is possible by immunohistochemistry. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is expressed by dividing cells, hence has been shown to correlate with prognosis. We have used monoclonal antibodies protein DO-7 (p53) and PC10 (PCNA) to see whether their expression correlates with histological grading in meningethelial tumour.
Material and Methods: a Twenty nine meningiomas (20 benign, 7 atypical and 2 malignant) were selected from the records of our laboratory. p53 and PCNA expression was sought by …

Neurobehavioral And Neuromotor Long-Term Sequelae Of Prenatal Exposure To Cocaine And Other Drugs: An Unresolved Issue, Yvette Blanchard

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

When the cocaine epidemic began, predictions were made that the children of cocaine users would demonstrate devastating negative developmental sequelae. In infants and young children prenatally exposed to cocaine most frequently the neurobehavioral and neuromotor systems have been studied. Although clinically described as irritable, difficult to console, and jittery as infants, research findings have not been able to clearly describe a pattern of long-term developmental sequelae. The mechanisms of action of drug exposure on developmental outcome have shown to be more complex than originally suspected. Many factors, other than the drug use, can influence developmental outcome. In most studies of …

Spinal Cord Compression Caused By Metastatic Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma Of The Parotid Gland, I N. Soomro, A S. Hussainy, K Chishti, M H. Pui, S A. Khan, R Ahmed, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Subependymomas: Clinicopathologic Study Of 14 Tumors, Daniel F. Brown Md, Mba, Elizabeth J. Rushing Md

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Study On The Effects Of The N-Terminal Amino Acid Sequence On The Activation Of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Protease, Hidayah Muhammad Kendall

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTL V-1) is dependent upon the enzymatic activity of its protease for maturation. Maturation of the protease is facilitated by cleavage of specific amino acid residues, followed by dimerization. The effects of the amino acid sequence located N-terminally to the cleavage site on the ability of the protease to become active were the focus of the current study. These amino acid sequences were contributed by the plasmid vector into which the protease gene was inserted.

Surface probability analyses (SPAs) of the vectors, as well as for native sequences which produce the mature protease and …

Optimal Photon Energies For Iudr K-Edge Radiosensitization With Filtered X-Ray And Radioisotope Sources, S. Karnas, E. Yu, R. Mcgarry, J. Battista

Edward Yu

The purpose of this work is to determine the most physically effective radiation energy for K-edge absorption of x- or gamma-rays by iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Brachytherapy sources (Sm-145, I-125, Yb-169 and Am-241) and x-ray beams (30 kVp, 100 kVp and 100 kVp with gold, gadolinium, lead or tungsten filtration) were investigated for their preferential absorption qualities by IUdR sensitized DNA. The 30 kVp, 100 kVp and 100 kVp with tungsten filtration were then used to irradiate CHO cells, with or without IUdR incorporation (i.e. 10(-5) M of IUdR for 3 days). Radiation absorption calculations were …