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Pregnancy

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Articles 1 - 30 of 982

Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Universal Screening For Measles Immunity During Pregnancy: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Anuradha Devabhaktuni, Sarah Boudova, Elias Kassir, Sohum Shah, Neil S. Silverman, Christina S. Han Sep 2026

Universal Screening For Measles Immunity During Pregnancy: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Anuradha Devabhaktuni, Sarah Boudova, Elias Kassir, Sohum Shah, Neil S. Silverman, Christina S. Han

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Measles is a highly contagious illness capable of causing significant morbidity and mortality, including adverse pregnancy outcomes. Routine screening for measles immunity is not currently recommended during pregnancy. Given the increasing frequency of measles outbreaks nationally and globally, awareness of measles immunity status can influence management of pregnant individuals who incur measles exposures and offer an opportunity for postpartum or preconception vaccination.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of universal screening for measles immunity during pregnancy in the United States.

STUDY DESIGN: A decision-analytic model was constructed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of universal screening for measles immunity during …


Magnetic Resonance In Pregnancy: Safety Considerations, Contrast Risks, And Imaging Modality Alternatives, Lizzette Valdez Aug 2026

Magnetic Resonance In Pregnancy: Safety Considerations, Contrast Risks, And Imaging Modality Alternatives, Lizzette Valdez

Radiologic Sciences

Purpose To examine the safety of magnetic resonance (MR) during pregnancy by evaluating fetal outcomes, contrast agent risks, and the comparative roles of MR, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT) in prenatal imaging.

Method A literature review was conducted using PubMed and peer-reviewed radiology journals to identify studies evaluating MR safety during pregnancy. The review examined fetal and neonatal outcomes following prenatal MR exposure, trimester-specific imaging considerations, risks associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents, and comparisons among MR, ultrasound, and CT.

Results Three primary themes emerged: (a) noncontrast MR demonstrated a strong safety profile with no consistent association with adverse fetal or …


Hyperadhesive Von Willebrand Factor Contributes To Pathogenesis Of Preeclampsia, Yajuan Wang, Chenyu Wang, Katie L Houck, Xiaoli Gao, Yuanyuan Chen, Xin Xu, Xue Zhao, Miguel A Cruz, Shu Zhang, Chester Q Li, Fengxia Xue, Min Li, Swati Shree, Jing-Fei Dong, Cha Han Aug 2026

Hyperadhesive Von Willebrand Factor Contributes To Pathogenesis Of Preeclampsia, Yajuan Wang, Chenyu Wang, Katie L Houck, Xiaoli Gao, Yuanyuan Chen, Xin Xu, Xue Zhao, Miguel A Cruz, Shu Zhang, Chester Q Li, Fengxia Xue, Min Li, Swati Shree, Jing-Fei Dong, Cha Han

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Preeclampsia is the most common complication of pregnancy, significantly affecting maternal and fetal health, and is characterized by placental and systemic endotheliopathy. Patients with preeclampsia have elevated levels of VWF (von Willebrand Factor), which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, whether VWF serves as a marker for endotheliopathy or contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains poorly understood.

Methods: We investigated the role of hyperadhesive VWF in the development of preeclampsia by studying patients, evaluating mouse models, and performing in vitro experiments.

Results: We show that patients develop VWF- and fibrin-rich thrombosis in the placenta and have significantly …


The Effect Of Elevated Blood Pressure And Stage One Hypertension On Perinatal Outcomes In Appalachian Gravidas: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Caroline Briggs, Austin L. Loop, Grace E. Montgomery, David G. Chaffin, Jesse Cottrell Jul 2026

The Effect Of Elevated Blood Pressure And Stage One Hypertension On Perinatal Outcomes In Appalachian Gravidas: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Caroline Briggs, Austin L. Loop, Grace E. Montgomery, David G. Chaffin, Jesse Cottrell

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Introduction:  There is literature in the obstetric population that suggests any degree of hypertension (blood pressures greater than or equal to 120 systolic or 80 diastolic) can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.  We sought to determine if pregnant patients in our Appalachian population with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension have an increased risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.

Methods:  A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who received obstetric care with the Marshall University OB/GYN department and delivered at Cabell Huntington Hospital.  Delivery outcomes were obtained for 233 deliveries from March 30, 2020 to September …


Comment On: Managing Sickle Cell Disease And Related Complications In Pregnancy: Results Of An International Delphi Panel, Deva Sharma, Ilknur Pamuk, Kenneth I. Ataga, Alexandra Benachi, Selim Büyükkurt, Sophie Lanzkron, Hakan Ozdogu, Shivan Pancham, Lydia H. Pecker, Susan E. Robinson, Safak Yilmaz Baran Jul 2026

Comment On: Managing Sickle Cell Disease And Related Complications In Pregnancy: Results Of An International Delphi Panel, Deva Sharma, Ilknur Pamuk, Kenneth I. Ataga, Alexandra Benachi, Selim Büyükkurt, Sophie Lanzkron, Hakan Ozdogu, Shivan Pancham, Lydia H. Pecker, Susan E. Robinson, Safak Yilmaz Baran

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Consensus-based recommendations on managing sickle cell disease in pregnancy were recently published in a hematology journal. As this topic is also of great interest to obstetricians and gynecologists, we summarize some of these recommendations, while highlighting the challenges of providing evidence-based medical care to pregnant individuals with sickle cell disease.


Prenatal Predictors Of Fetal And Neonatal Death In Truncus Arteriosus: A Fetal Heart Society Research Collaborative Study., Kelly Cox, Nazia Husain, Deidra Ansah, Tiffany Knight, Alexandra Channing, Bettina Cuneo, Preeta Dhanantwari, Mary Donofrio, Miwa Geiger, Lisa Howley, Lisa K. Hornberger, Simone Javeri, Edward G. Jones, Michelle Kaplinski, Ann Kavanaugh-Mchugh, Maria Kiaffas, Katherine Kosiv, Christina Laternser, Olivia Low, Anita J. Moon-Grady, Shabnam Peyvandi, Nelangi Pinto, Avaliese Porlier, Aaron Prosnitz, Rashmi Rao, David Schidlow, Elena Sinkovskaya, Ranjini Srinivasan, Corey Stiver, Emilio Quezada, Bhawna Arya, Sheetal Patel Jul 2026

Prenatal Predictors Of Fetal And Neonatal Death In Truncus Arteriosus: A Fetal Heart Society Research Collaborative Study., Kelly Cox, Nazia Husain, Deidra Ansah, Tiffany Knight, Alexandra Channing, Bettina Cuneo, Preeta Dhanantwari, Mary Donofrio, Miwa Geiger, Lisa Howley, Lisa K. Hornberger, Simone Javeri, Edward G. Jones, Michelle Kaplinski, Ann Kavanaugh-Mchugh, Maria Kiaffas, Katherine Kosiv, Christina Laternser, Olivia Low, Anita J. Moon-Grady, Shabnam Peyvandi, Nelangi Pinto, Avaliese Porlier, Aaron Prosnitz, Rashmi Rao, David Schidlow, Elena Sinkovskaya, Ranjini Srinivasan, Corey Stiver, Emilio Quezada, Bhawna Arya, Sheetal Patel

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Fetal and neonatal outcomes and factors increasing mortality risk in fetal truncus arteriosus are not well characterized. We aimed to examine the prenatally encountered cardiac spectrum, define extracardiac and genetic associations, explore clinical outcomes and identify prenatal factors associated with worse outcomes in a contemporary large cohort.

METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted via the Fetal Heart Society Research Collaborative including fetal truncus arteriosus cases encountered between January 1, 2010, and September 1, 2021, within 22 North American cardiac centers. Demographic, clinical, anatomic, and functional fetal echocardiographic variables were analyzed for associations with presurgical death (fetal death/neonatal …


Hypovascular Aggressive Angiomyxoma In A Pregnant Adolescent: A Case Report And Review Of Its Multimodal Imaging Appearances, Kyler Shin, Kweku Agyepong, Craig Kym, Mohammad Ghasemi-Rad, David Léon Jul 2026

Hypovascular Aggressive Angiomyxoma In A Pregnant Adolescent: A Case Report And Review Of Its Multimodal Imaging Appearances, Kyler Shin, Kweku Agyepong, Craig Kym, Mohammad Ghasemi-Rad, David Léon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that primarily arises in the perineum and pelvis of young females. It is sometimes identified incidentally on pelvic examination and obstetric imaging. Although asymptomatic at small sizes, AAM is typically hypervascular and can grow large enough to complicate a patient's obstetric and gynecologic course of treatment. While AAM is a rare diagnosis reported in the literature, there are limited descriptions of its multimodal radiologic appearance, and uncommonly, it can present as a hypovascular mass. We describe a rare case of hypovascular AAM in pregnancy that did not respond favorably to targeted embolization, …


Healthcare Experiences And Needs Of Patients With Pregnancy Of Unknown Location: A Qualitative Study, Kavita Vinekar, Zahava Shimshi, Amanda Doty, Samantha Kolowrat, Rebecca Mercier, Agatha Berger, Kristin L. Rising Jun 2026

Healthcare Experiences And Needs Of Patients With Pregnancy Of Unknown Location: A Qualitative Study, Kavita Vinekar, Zahava Shimshi, Amanda Doty, Samantha Kolowrat, Rebecca Mercier, Agatha Berger, Kristin L. Rising

Jefferson Center for Connected Care Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Patients presenting with bleeding or pelvic pain in early pregnancy are commonly found to have pregnancies of unknown location (PUL), with no sonographic findings of intrauterine nor ectopic pregnancy. We aimed to explore healthcare experiences and needs of patients presenting with PUL.

METHODS: This was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to explore healthcare experiences among patients with PUL. Patients were eligible if they presented with bleeding or abdominopelvic pain to the OB/GYN office or emergency department and were found to have a PUL followed in an electronic health record tracking list; had an initial human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) …


Text Messaging Support For Patients Diagnosed With Impaired Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy: Nonrandomized Pre-Post Implementation Study Assessing Impact On Postpartum Transitions Of Care, Natasha R. Kumar, Whitney Bender, Celeste Durnwald Jun 2026

Text Messaging Support For Patients Diagnosed With Impaired Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy: Nonrandomized Pre-Post Implementation Study Assessing Impact On Postpartum Transitions Of Care, Natasha R. Kumar, Whitney Bender, Celeste Durnwald

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) identified during pregnancy who do not develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) often do not receive additional interventions for their long-term metabolic risks.

OBJECTIVE: This nonrandomized pre-post implementation study reports the design process and initial program evaluation for Better Follow-up of Impaired Glucose Tolerance (BRIDGE), a 12-week text-based postpartum support program promoting hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) completion and primary care provider (PCP) visit scheduling for patients diagnosed with IGT during pregnancy, assessing improvement in desired postpartum transition milestones. The 19-month program was divided into 2 arms lasting 9.5 months each, BRIDGE- (SMS text messaging support …


Complement Activation In Maternal And Placental Pathology Of Preeclampsia, Manu T Banadakoppa, Madhulatha S Chauhan, Moises J Tacam, Allyson W Nevins, Antonio H Ruano, Simone H Ruano, Jon A Fuson, Chandra Yallampalli Jun 2026

Complement Activation In Maternal And Placental Pathology Of Preeclampsia, Manu T Banadakoppa, Madhulatha S Chauhan, Moises J Tacam, Allyson W Nevins, Antonio H Ruano, Simone H Ruano, Jon A Fuson, Chandra Yallampalli

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Preeclampsia is a multifactorial, pregnancy-related disorder characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria, with distinct early- and late-onset forms. Although complement dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, its causal role remains unclear. In mice, Crry (complement receptor 1-related protein Y) functions as a critical complement regulator at the fetal-maternal interface. Because complete Crry deficiency is embryonically lethal, direct in vivo investigation of complement activation in pregnancy has been challenging.

Methods: We generated a placenta-specific, doxycycline-inducible short hairpin RNA mouse model in which Crry expression can be downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. This system employs Cyp19-driven Cre recombinase …


Hematologic Markers And Machine Learning In Predicting Placenta Accreta: A Case-Control Study, Michael D Jochum, Kelly D Albrecht, Yamely Mendez Martinez, Victoria Zhang, Sanmay Sarada, Brian Burnett, Christina C Reed, Karin A Fox, Amir A Shamshirsaz, Michael A Belfort, Jessian L Munoz, Hennie A Lombaard Jun 2026

Hematologic Markers And Machine Learning In Predicting Placenta Accreta: A Case-Control Study, Michael D Jochum, Kelly D Albrecht, Yamely Mendez Martinez, Victoria Zhang, Sanmay Sarada, Brian Burnett, Christina C Reed, Karin A Fox, Amir A Shamshirsaz, Michael A Belfort, Jessian L Munoz, Hennie A Lombaard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: This study aims to enhance antenatal detection of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and predict severe hemorrhage at delivery using machine learning by evaluating the association between antenatal hematologic index trends across trimesters, imaging markers, and patient history.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2017-2023 data from a PAS referral center, including demographics, laboratory results, ultrasounds, and outcomes. Patients with confirmed PAS (cases) were compared to those with antenatal risk but no histopathologic evidence of PAS (controls). Statistical analyses and machine learning models were developed to predict PAS. We also used machine learning to predict severe hemorrhage (>1500 mL) in the …


Fetal Instability And Resuscitative Management During Fetal Intervention: A Retrospective, Descriptive Analysis Of 245 Fetal Cardiac And Spina Bifida Procedures, Claire A Naus, Betul Yilmaz Furtun, Jessian L Munoz, Rebecca M Johnson, Carolyn A Altman, Michael A Belfort, Luc Joyeux, Alice King, David G Mann, Shaine Morris, Athar M Qureshi, Magdalena Sanz Cortes, William E Whitehead, Caitlin D Sutton Jun 2026

Fetal Instability And Resuscitative Management During Fetal Intervention: A Retrospective, Descriptive Analysis Of 245 Fetal Cardiac And Spina Bifida Procedures, Claire A Naus, Betul Yilmaz Furtun, Jessian L Munoz, Rebecca M Johnson, Carolyn A Altman, Michael A Belfort, Luc Joyeux, Alice King, David G Mann, Shaine Morris, Athar M Qureshi, Magdalena Sanz Cortes, William E Whitehead, Caitlin D Sutton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: The heterogeneity of fetal surgery has led to variability in the nature and frequency of fetal instability. Understanding these differences is critical for optimizing management.

Methods: We reviewed all fetal atrial septal interventions (FASI) and fetoscopic myelomeningocele (fMMC) repairs with fetal instability performed at our institution between March 2012 and April 2025. We described and compared the frequency, timing, etiology, and management of fetal instability.

Results: During the study period, 28 unique patients underwent 35 FASI procedures, and 210 patients underwent fMMC repair. Fetal instability occurred in 51 of 245 cases (20.8%), with rates varying significantly by procedure type …


Terminal Digit Preference And Threshold Avoidance In Digital Blood Pressure Measurements During Pregnancy: Secondary Analysis Of Data From The Clip And Precise Cohorts, Peter Dadelszen, Akshdeep Sandhu, Jeffrey Bone, Rahat Qureshi, Olukayode Dada, Ashalata Mallapur, Marleen Temmerman, Marie-Laure Volvert, Joseph Waiswa, Moses Mukhanya, Angela Koech Jun 2026

Terminal Digit Preference And Threshold Avoidance In Digital Blood Pressure Measurements During Pregnancy: Secondary Analysis Of Data From The Clip And Precise Cohorts, Peter Dadelszen, Akshdeep Sandhu, Jeffrey Bone, Rahat Qureshi, Olukayode Dada, Ashalata Mallapur, Marleen Temmerman, Marie-Laure Volvert, Joseph Waiswa, Moses Mukhanya, Angela Koech

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background:Screening for, detecting, and managing pregnancy hypertension is a core function of antenatal care. To reduce both training requirements and the risks of measurement error in blood pressure (BP) values, automated and semiautomated BP devices have been validated in pregnant women with normal BP and pregnant women with hypertension and introduced for serial antenatal measurement of BP.

Objectives:The study aimed to (1) determine whether or not repeated BP measurements reduced the presence of terminal digit preference and (2) discern whether or not there was evidence of threshold avoidance in the Community-Level Interventions for Preeclampsia (CLIP) trials compared with …


Perinatal Mental Health Screening And Care Among Those With Pregnancy Complications, Alison N Goulding, Terri L Fletcher, Emily S Miller May 2026

Perinatal Mental Health Screening And Care Among Those With Pregnancy Complications, Alison N Goulding, Terri L Fletcher, Emily S Miller

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Perinatal mental health conditions are common and, without effective treatment, can contribute to adverse maternal and child outcomes. In the United States, mental health conditions are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, contributing to over 20% of pregnancy-related deaths. This expert review aims to assess current literature and provide recommendations regarding mental health care in high-risk patients who experience pregnancy complications. Individuals experiencing pregnancy complications are at increased risk for perinatal mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, as compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies. Despite this increased disease burden, there is limited research on …


Pregnancy Outcomes After In Utero Exposure To Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Morgan Bou Zerdan, Bruna Kfoury, Eliane Aoun, Sarah Diane Hmaidan, Roni Nitecki Wilke, Jeffrey A How, Terri L Woodard, Pamela T Soliman, Laurie J Mckenzie May 2026

Pregnancy Outcomes After In Utero Exposure To Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Morgan Bou Zerdan, Bruna Kfoury, Eliane Aoun, Sarah Diane Hmaidan, Roni Nitecki Wilke, Jeffrey A How, Terri L Woodard, Pamela T Soliman, Laurie J Mckenzie

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the management of cancers affecting reproductive-age patients, yet their impact on pregnancy outcomes remains incompletely understood. We describe two cases of maternal and fetal outcomes associated with ICI exposure during pregnancy and present a comprehensive literature review.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at MD Anderson Cancer Center (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2024) to identify patients exposed to ICIs during pregnancy. Clinical data including cancer type, treatment timing, pregnancy course, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected. A narrative literature review was also performed using PubMed to identify reported cases …


The Prevalence And Effects Of Gestational Maternal Allergy: A Narrative Review, Alice Werynski Bs, Kang Chen Phd May 2026

The Prevalence And Effects Of Gestational Maternal Allergy: A Narrative Review, Alice Werynski Bs, Kang Chen Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Title:

The Prevalence and Effects of Gestational Maternal Allergy: A Narrative Review

Authors:

Alice Werynski B.S, Kang Chen Ph.D

Background:

Maternal allergies are a prevalent yet overlooked category of gestational disease. Pregnancy is characterized by a Th2 dominant immunological environment, and because many allergic diseases also rely on Th2 cytokines and IgE-mediated pathways, allergy during pregnancy may impact symptoms and influence maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods:

This narrative review summarizes and compares literature on the prevalence of allergic conditions in pregnancy, their immunologic mechanisms, and their effects on maternal health, fetal development, and treatment safety. The search was conducted through …


Prenatal Care, Pregnancy Risk, Birth Outcomes And The Role Of Neighborhood Characteristics, Monica Garcia-Perez Phd, Randy Huard Phd, Christopher Thoms Phd, David Tilstra Md May 2026

Prenatal Care, Pregnancy Risk, Birth Outcomes And The Role Of Neighborhood Characteristics, Monica Garcia-Perez Phd, Randy Huard Phd, Christopher Thoms Phd, David Tilstra Md

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

This study links 2024 CentraCare Health birth records with neighborhood census tract conditions from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA, 2020/2021) to examine how place, prenatal care, and clinical risks influence birth outcomes in Central Minnesota. Neighborhood factors are standardized and paired with measures of prenatal-care adequacy and pregnancy-risk indicators in a series of multivariate linear models to explore their effect on birth outcomes. Analyses adjust for maternal demographics and clinical risks to identify independent neighborhood effects. A privacy-preserving, tract-linked dataset is also created to help local partners target high-need prevention areas.


Investigating Racial Differences In The Receipt Of Antenatal Interventions Prior To Periviable Delivery, Niurka Monteserin, Whitney Bender May 2026

Investigating Racial Differences In The Receipt Of Antenatal Interventions Prior To Periviable Delivery, Niurka Monteserin, Whitney Bender

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine (SMFM) provides guidance on the use of antenatal corticosteroids, antibiotics, and cesarean delivery in the periviable period. Although racial differences exist in postnatal active management of periviable neonates have been described, less is known about racial differences in antenatal interventions preceding delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in the receipt of antenatal interventions before periviable delivery by birthing parent race.

METHODS:  We conducted a population-based cohort study using the National Center for Health Statistics database including periviable deliveries (20w0d-25w6d) from 2016-2021. Individuals delivering a non-anomalous live singleton gestation in a hospital were included. Births …


Fetal Vascular Malperfusion And Other Placental Lesions In Relation To Maternal Sars-Cov-2 Exposure: A Case–Control Study, Irene Mwandoto, Marleen Temmerman, Ingrid Gichere, Patricia Okiro May 2026

Fetal Vascular Malperfusion And Other Placental Lesions In Relation To Maternal Sars-Cov-2 Exposure: A Case–Control Study, Irene Mwandoto, Marleen Temmerman, Ingrid Gichere, Patricia Okiro

Pathology, East Africa

Background:

The morphologic characteristics of placentas associated with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been described but with varying findings. Studies conducted at the onset of the pandemic reported frequency of Fetal Vascular Malperfusion (FVM), an umbrella term that describes occlusive vasculopathies that affect fetal circulation and their associated sequelae. Morphologic manifestations include thrombosis, avascular villi and vascular stromal karyorrhexis. Associated outcomes include fetal growth restriction, thromboembolic events such as neonatal stroke and fetal demise. Placental lesions associated with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection present a unique picture in histology, especially in the attempt to decipher the …


Aspirin And Preterm Birth Among Pregnant People With Increased Heat Exposure: Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Gabriella Meltzer, Luke Duttweiler, Sarah Saleem, Kartik Shankar, Manolo Mazariegos, Antoinette Tshefu, Jackie Patterson, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar Carlo, Shivaprasad Goudar, Richard Derman, Archana Patel, Patricia Hibberd, Edward Liechty, Fabian Essamai, Edwin Asturias, Denise Babineau, Janet Moore, Cascade Tuholske, Andrew Zimmer, Brent Coull, Elizabeth Mcclure, Robert Goldenberg, Nancy Krebs, Matthew Hoffman, Blair Wylie May 2026

Aspirin And Preterm Birth Among Pregnant People With Increased Heat Exposure: Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Gabriella Meltzer, Luke Duttweiler, Sarah Saleem, Kartik Shankar, Manolo Mazariegos, Antoinette Tshefu, Jackie Patterson, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar Carlo, Shivaprasad Goudar, Richard Derman, Archana Patel, Patricia Hibberd, Edward Liechty, Fabian Essamai, Edwin Asturias, Denise Babineau, Janet Moore, Cascade Tuholske, Andrew Zimmer, Brent Coull, Elizabeth Mcclure, Robert Goldenberg, Nancy Krebs, Matthew Hoffman, Blair Wylie

Global Health Articles

IMPORTANCE: Scalable interventions are urgently needed to mitigate the adverse effects of heat on pregnancy and newborn health.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether low-dose aspirin modifies the association between heat exposure and preterm birth.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This secondary analysis of the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated Risk Reduction in Nulliparas (ASPIRIN) randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from March 2016 to June 2018. Statistical analyses were performed from June 2024 to June 2025. The study settings included the Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Kenya, Guatemala, Pakistan, and Belagavi and Nagpur, …


Prevalence And Determinants Of Fully Vaccinated Status For Covid-19 Among Pregnant Women In Brazil, Ghana, Kenya, And Pakistan, Vaishnavi Mathur, Jessica Schue, Berhaun Fesshaye, Prachi Singh, Emily Miller, Caroline Badzi, Emefa Modey, Marleen Temmerman, Ferdinand Okwaro, Renato Souza May 2026

Prevalence And Determinants Of Fully Vaccinated Status For Covid-19 Among Pregnant Women In Brazil, Ghana, Kenya, And Pakistan, Vaishnavi Mathur, Jessica Schue, Berhaun Fesshaye, Prachi Singh, Emily Miller, Caroline Badzi, Emefa Modey, Marleen Temmerman, Ferdinand Okwaro, Renato Souza

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Maternal immunization provides essential maternal and fetal protection for several infectious diseases. The variability in vaccination guidelines for pregnant women across countries and through the course of the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the perception of both the general public and broader health care systems towards COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy and moreover shaped the accessibility and decision-making trajectory of pregnant women to become fully vaccinated. As part of a larger multi-country, mixed-methods study, the purpose of this cross-sectional analysis is to assess what factors are associated with pregnant women being fully vaccinated for COVID-19 in Brazil, Ghana, Kenya, and Pakistan. In each …


Natural Maternal Immunity Protects Neonates From Escherichia Coli Sepsis., Raymond E. Diep, Ujjwal Adhikari, Kubra Gokce Tezel, Giang Pham, Allison R. Burrell, Mary A. Staat, Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, Minh-Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Mark A. Schembri, Scott H. Saunders, David B. Haslam, John J. Erickson, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Sing Sing Way May 2026

Natural Maternal Immunity Protects Neonates From Escherichia Coli Sepsis., Raymond E. Diep, Ujjwal Adhikari, Kubra Gokce Tezel, Giang Pham, Allison R. Burrell, Mary A. Staat, Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, Minh-Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Mark A. Schembri, Scott H. Saunders, David B. Haslam, John J. Erickson, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Sing Sing Way

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Escherichia coli is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, with infection occurring in approximately one in every 1,000 live births. However, with E. coli colonization beginning soon after birth and defects in neonatal host defence maturation, an alternative consideration is why infection does not occur even more frequently. Here we show that newborn babies with E. coli sepsis have selectively reduced vertically transferred natural antibodies that recognize E. coli, mechanistically explaining their susceptibility to infection. Complementary preclinical studies show that preconceptual intestinal colonization with probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) primes anti-E. coli immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with broad cross-reactivity …


Factors Associated With Postpartum Depression Symptoms Following Antepartum Hospitalization, Alison N Goulding, Daniel Palacios, Sukru Aras, Hu Chen, Sasidhar Pasupuleti, Marika Toscano, Nicole Cirino, Israel C Christie, Zhandong Liu, Emily S Miller, Terri L Fletcher May 2026

Factors Associated With Postpartum Depression Symptoms Following Antepartum Hospitalization, Alison N Goulding, Daniel Palacios, Sukru Aras, Hu Chen, Sasidhar Pasupuleti, Marika Toscano, Nicole Cirino, Israel C Christie, Zhandong Liu, Emily S Miller, Terri L Fletcher

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Hospitalized antepartum patients are at increased risk for postpartum depression (PPD). Developing approaches to identify those at highest risk for PPD would enable timely and targeted intervention.

Objective: We aimed to identify factors associated with the development of PPD symptoms in hospitalized antepartum patients and to assess their predictive utility.

Study design: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant individuals hospitalized in a regional referral center due to medical or obstetric complications between 2012 and 2025. Data were extracted from the electronic health record, including demographics, medical and obstetric history, hospitalization characteristics, and postpartum Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores …


Response Of Reticulocyte And Red Blood Cell Indices To Single-Dose Intravenous Iron In Pregnant Women With Moderate Iron Deficiency Anemia: Secondary Analysis Of The Rapidiron Trial, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Sudhir Mehta, Dharmesh Kumar Sharma, Seema Mehta, Yogeshkumar S, Umesh Charantimath, Benjamin E. Leiby, Michael K. Georgieff, Zubair H. Aghai, Ashalata Mallapur, Umesh Ramadurg, Radha Sangavi, Praveen Patil, J. P. Akshaykirthan, Rupsa C. Boelig, Mrutyunjaya B. Bellad, Richard J. Derman Apr 2026

Response Of Reticulocyte And Red Blood Cell Indices To Single-Dose Intravenous Iron In Pregnant Women With Moderate Iron Deficiency Anemia: Secondary Analysis Of The Rapidiron Trial, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Sudhir Mehta, Dharmesh Kumar Sharma, Seema Mehta, Yogeshkumar S, Umesh Charantimath, Benjamin E. Leiby, Michael K. Georgieff, Zubair H. Aghai, Ashalata Mallapur, Umesh Ramadurg, Radha Sangavi, Praveen Patil, J. P. Akshaykirthan, Rupsa C. Boelig, Mrutyunjaya B. Bellad, Richard J. Derman

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is a significant health concern. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) and immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) are emerging as early markers, yet their response to different iron therapies in pregnancy is underexplored.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether intravenous single-dose iron administration produces a more favorable effect on reticulocyte indices than oral iron therapy in anemic pregnant women.

METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the RAPIDIRON Trial, a multicenter, three-arm randomized controlled trial comparing ferric carboxymaltose (FCM), ferric derisomaltose (FDM) and standard oral ferrous sulfate. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He), Immature Reticulocyte Fraction (IRF) and other red blood …


Carcinoma Of The Bladder Diagnosed Incidentally Following Cesarean Section, Fatima Hussain, Mimi Rogers Apr 2026

Carcinoma Of The Bladder Diagnosed Incidentally Following Cesarean Section, Fatima Hussain, Mimi Rogers

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.


Statin Use In Pregnancy: Pilot Study In El Paso Texas Border Population, Margaret Klausmeyer, Mateo Rivera, Manuel Rivera-Alsina Apr 2026

Statin Use In Pregnancy: Pilot Study In El Paso Texas Border Population, Margaret Klausmeyer, Mateo Rivera, Manuel Rivera-Alsina

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.


The Case Of A Pain-Ridden Pregnancy In A Woman With Sickle Cell Disease, Katie Riffle, Linda Haddox Apr 2026

The Case Of A Pain-Ridden Pregnancy In A Woman With Sickle Cell Disease, Katie Riffle, Linda Haddox

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.


Factors Associated With Postpartum Readmission For Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In A United States Border Population, Narinta Limtrakul, Fran Franceschini, Erdemir Aysn, Alondra Sierra, Manuel Rivera-Alsina Apr 2026

Factors Associated With Postpartum Readmission For Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In A United States Border Population, Narinta Limtrakul, Fran Franceschini, Erdemir Aysn, Alondra Sierra, Manuel Rivera-Alsina

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.


When A Copper Iud Crosses Boundaries: Colo-Uterine Fistula With Sepsis, Melissa Cullum, Victoria Roberts, Linda Haddox Apr 2026

When A Copper Iud Crosses Boundaries: Colo-Uterine Fistula With Sepsis, Melissa Cullum, Victoria Roberts, Linda Haddox

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.


Diagnostic Challenges And Surgical Management Of A Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy Mimicking Cesarean Scar Implantation, Xena Morataya, Laura Reguero, Uti Essien, Stacy Sassaman, Jorge Venegas Apr 2026

Diagnostic Challenges And Surgical Management Of A Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy Mimicking Cesarean Scar Implantation, Xena Morataya, Laura Reguero, Uti Essien, Stacy Sassaman, Jorge Venegas

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.