Entomology Commons^™

Minnesota's Response: The Mosquito Research Program, John Washburn, Nancy Read

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The Minnesota Mosquito Research Program (MMRP) was established in September 1984 in response to a request by Governor Perpich. The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), as the lead agency, brought together a Working Group of distinguished North American experts to discuss the problems related to mosquito research and control. This Working Group- with advice from legislators and representatives from the community, environmental groups, and state and federal agencies- made recommendations for the development of a mosquito research and control program in Minnesota.

The Working Group divided its recommendations into two areas, research and administrative structure. An extensive research program in …

Seedcorn Maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) Reproductive Biology And Techniques For Examining Ovarian Dynamics, L. G. Higley, L. P. Pedigo

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We developed techniques for examining ovarian dynamics of the seedcorn maggot, Delia platura (Meigen), and delineated detailed procedures for ovarian dissections and classifications.A three-class ovarian rating system was devised and physiological ages for each class were determined. The preovipositional period was 36 degree-days (DD) in the field and 100 DD in the laboratory. No ovarian development was observed unlessfemales had been given a protein food source. All females with ovarian development had mated.

The Life History And Agricultural Importance Of The Small Lucerne Weevil, (Atrichonotus Taeniatulus (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) In Western Australia, Robert Emery

All other publications

The small lucerne weevil, Atrichonotus taeniatulus, has caused considerable damage to lucerne and subterranean clover in recent years. This study reviews the taxonomy of the insect, the damage it causes and the various stages of its life cycle

Bush Flies : Where They All Come From, J N. Matthiessen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The bush fly is a native Australian insect which breeds in dung and has its reproductive opportunities greatly expanded by the introduction of cattle into the country.

In the agricultural region of south-western Australia bush flies appear in large numbers in spring and early summer. The occurrence of such massive numbers then can be traced back to short periods of very successful breeding that begin in the cool early weeks of spring when flies are hardly noticeable.

Suppression Of Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations With Antifeedant Fungicides, J. Daniel Hare, Patrick A. Logan, Robert Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Laboratory, small-field plot, and commercial-scale experiments were completed, using Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New York Colorado potato beetle, (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations to determine if "antifeedant fungicides" might reduce the suitability of potato for CPB while simultaneously protecting potato from early and late blight. In the laboratory. fungicides formulated from triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTH) or Cu(OH), reduced CPB feeding 95 and 61%. In small-field plots, CPB larval densities were significantly reduced where TPTH and Cu(OH)₂ were used regularly. In commercial-scale experiments, L. decemlineata populations were significantly reduced and required fewer insecticide applications for acceptable control where TPTH was used …

Thermal Requirements For Emergence Of Overwintered Sorghum Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Frederick P. Baxendale, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Emergence of overwintered sorghum midges, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett), was monitored during 1979, 1980, and 1981. Differences in emergence times and distributions among years was a function of soil temperature and rainfall. A heat unit accumulation model incorporating a rainfall adjustment factor was developed which described adult emergence in the spring. Adult midges initiated emergence after accumulating 431 centigrade heat units (based on mean daily to-cm soil temperatures starting 1 April) above a threshold temperature of 14.8°C, whereas, 679 and 977 heat units were required for 50 and 95% emergence, respectively. Sorghum midges that overwintered in johnsongrass spikelets emerged after similar …

Factors Influencing Adult Emergence From Diapausing Sorghum Midge, Contarinia Sorghicola (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Frederick P. Baxendale, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett) diapause was terminated in the laboratory, and factors affecting adult emergence from diapausing larvae were investigated. Temperatures in the range from 20 to 30°C were optimum for diapause termination and adult emergence. Diapausing larvae exposed to moist conditions at 30°C began to emerge as adults after 12 days of incubation. Based on adult emergence rates per day, an emergence threshold temperature was estimated to be 14.8°C. Exposure to 12 to 13 days of continuous moisture at 30°C was essential for diapause termination and adult emergence. Moisture acted to initiate diapause termination, but diapausing larvae were …

Dispersal, Flight, And Diurnal Activity Patterns Of Adult Southern Corn Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Robert J. Wright, J. W. Van Duyn, J. R. Bradley Jr.

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Dispersal into cornfields, flight, and diurnal activity patterns of the adult southern com billbug (SCB), Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier), were studied in eastern North Carolina during 1979 and 1980. Com plant damage (an index of SCB density) in fields with different cropping histories was initially concentrated either on the field edge next to last year's corn in rotated fields, or the edge next to the overwintering site in nonrotated fields. Although damage patterns and trapping studies suggested that SCB dispersal into fields was primarily by walking, SCB are capable of strong flight. Weevils of both the overwintered and summer generations were …

Biology And Seasonal Abundance Of Hymenopterous Parasitoids Of Sorghum Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Frederick P. Baxendale, C. L. Lippincott, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Four hymenopterous parasitoids of the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet), were found in Burleson County, Texas: Eupelmus popa Girault, Tetrastichus near venustus Gahan, Tetrastichus near blastophagi (Ashmead), and Aprostocetus diplosidis Crawford. E. popa and A. diplosidis were ectoparasitic on the midge host in sorghum spikelets, while T. near venustus fed both externally and internally. Members of the parasitoid complex oviposited and developed to adults in spikelets containing 1- to 18-day-old immature midges, which corresponded to larval and pupal stages of midges. Most parasitoids developed from midges parasitized as mid-stage larvae. Developmental time from egg to adult emergence ranged from 7 …

Day-Degree Methods For Pest Management, Kenneth P. Pruess

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Recommendations are made for reporting day-degree methods which may have practical applications. Standardized thresholds (40, 50, and 60°F, or 5, 10, and 15°C) should be used. Day-degrees may be either sine wave approximations or exact units determined by instrumentation. Methods are proposed for converting current day-degree models to standardized thresholds and, ultimately, to actual day-degrees.

Effects Of Weeds On The Diversity And Abundance Of Insects In Soybeans, Mark D. Shelton, C. R. Edwards

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

Sweep-net sampling and pitfall trapping were used to survey insects in weedy and weed-free soybean habitats. Weedy soybean habitats consisted of (1) grassy soybeans; (2) soybeans with broadleaf weeds; and (3) soybeans with broadleaf weeds and grasses. Insect species diversity was greater in weedy soybean habitats than in weed-free soybeans. Greatest diversity of species occurred in the mixed-weed soybean habitat. The most important phytophagous insect on soybeans in Indiana, the Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis Mulsant, was most abundant in weed-free soybeans. Predators were most ahundant in weedy soybeans. Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) was most abundant in weedy soybean habitats, whereas …

Trox Hamatus Robinson (Troginae) Using A Canthon (Scarabaeinae) Brood Ball And New Records Of North American Trox (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Trox hamatus Robinson was observed feeding on an abandoned Canthon brood ball in southeastern Nebraska. Although some Aphodiinae and Scarabaeinae have been reported feeding on or stealing other scarabaeine dung balls, this represents the first reported observation of this behavior for a member of the Troginae. It is suggested that the brood ball was opportunistically used by the Trox, and the event is rare. In addition, new state records are provided for Trox aequalis Say, T. atrox LeConte, T. laticollis LeConte, and T. tesselatus (LeConte).

New Combinations, Synonymy And Distribution Records For Neotropical Pentodontini And Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Roger-Paul Dechambre

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

During the past several years a number of new taxa of Dynastinae have been described which we feel are synonymical with existing taxa. We have also accumulated a small number of new distributional records in the Pentodontini and Oryctini. In this paper we clarify some of these taxonomic "loose ends" by proposing several new synonyms and two new combinations. Dechambre examined the type of Heterogomphus niger Endrodi, and Ratcliffe examined the types of the three Endrodi species of Strategus and Endroedianibe bozzolai Chalumeau. We also list the new distributional records we have found.

Southern Pine Beetle: Annotated Bibliography, 1868-1982, David Kulhavy, Paul C. Johnson

eBooks

The FAMULUS computerized literature retrieval system was used to produce an annotated bibliography for the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann. The bibliography contains 1,235 citations and is cross indexed by AUTHOR, TAXONOMY and KEYS to subject areas.

Internal Filters : Prospects For Uv-Acclimation In Higher Plants, Martyn M. Caldwell, Ronald Robberecht, Stephan D. Flint

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

Wavelength-selective absorption of solar radiation within plant leaves allows penetration of visible radiation to the chloroplats, while removing much of the damaging ultraviolet-B radiation. Flavonoids are important in this wavelength-selective absorption. Induction of flavonoid synthesis by solar radiation, and specifically by UV-B radiation, is discussed as this relates to the potential acclimation of plants to enhanced solar UV-B radiation that would result from stratospheric ozone reduction.

Introduction To The Symposium On Imported Fire Ants, Southeastern Branch, Entomological Society Of America, January 26, 1982, C. S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

While there have been many exotic insect pests inadvertently introduced into the United States, only a few have had the dramatic impact that the imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren and S. richteri Forel) have had on the southern states. Certainly this is understandable to anyone who has seen their small child receiving dozens of fiery injections of venom or to a farmer who suddenly realizes that his lush verdant pasture has become the mound construction site for hundreds of colonies of fire ants, each with 100,000 to 200,000 workers who are willing to attack anyone who disturbs their …

Influence Of Cultural Practices On The Sunflower Seed Weevil In South Dakota, Joe V. Gednalske

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cultural methods for sunflower seed weevil control. Procedures examined included the influences of tillage methods, crop rotation, date of planting, hybrid maturity, and degree-day units in emerging seed weevil populations. Tillage practices done as both fall and spring treatments including discing, chisel plowing, nobel blading, and moldboard plowing were examined for their effect on larval position in the soil, time of adult weevil emergence, and the number of adults emerging from the soil. Crop rotations were investigated for possible influence on weevil mortality and time of adult emergence. Sunflower planting date and …

United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three, Cairo, Egypt, Medical Zoology Department Translation List, Harry Hoogstraal

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

List of translations of medical parasitology and medical entomology papers prepared by the United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number 3 in Cairo, Egypt. The papers were translated from numerous languages, such as Russian (most were translated from Russian), Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, Finnish, French, German, and Japanese, into English. The publication dates of the original papers ranged from about 1915 to 1983. Harry Hoogstraal translated some or all of the papers.

Damage Potential Of Adult And Larval Southern Corn Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) On Field Corn In Eastern North Carolina, Robert J. Wright, J. W. Van Duyn, J. R. Bradley Jr.

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Adult and larval damage potential of the southern corn billbug (SCB), Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier), was studied in small-plot enclosures and in commercial cornfields in eastern North Carolina from 1978 to 1980. In small-plot studies, corn at the two- and four-leaf stages showed damage by adult SCB at several insect densities, but more mature corn was not visibly damaged. Female SCB caused more damage than male SCB on three- to four-leaf stage corn. Damage by females tended to result in dead terminals, whereas feeding by males more often resulted in holes in the leaves. In small-plot studies, average plant height per …

Trail-Following In Termites: Evidence For A Multicomponent System, M. Kaib, O. Bruinsma, R. H. Leuthold

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Several African termite species from different subfamilies and different habitats are sensitive to trail-active extracts or to naturally laid trails from other species. Using single-extract bioassays, it is shown that the response threshold for trail-following is nearly identical for all tested species (except for Hodotermes mossambicus). However, when termite workers have a choice between trails from their own species and from other species, conspecific trail-following is exclusively observed. This phenomenon can be counteracted by dilution (1:10) of the conspecific trail-pheromone extract. Tests of the trail activity of various synthetic alcohols show that among these, the highest sensitivity of termite workers …

Host Range Of Southern Corn Billbug (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Adults And Larvae, Robert J. Wright, J. W. Van Duyn, J. R. Bradley Jr.

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Host range of the southern corn billbug, (SCB), Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was tested with 14 crop and weed species by artificially infesting plants with SCB adults and eggs; field observations were also made. Of 14 species tested, only corn, Zea mays L., and yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L., allowed completion of larval development, although adults fed on a wider variety of plants. Scirpus cyperinusI, (L.) Kunth (Cyperaceae) was found to be a new SCB larval host from field observations. Overwintered SCB adults were fed sections of greenhouse-grown corn and four weed species in the laboratory. Survival was highest …

Silk Clipping Insects On Corn, Lee H. Townsend, Morris J. Bitzer

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Silk clipping insects like the corn rootworm beetle and the Japanese beetle feed on the green silks of corn plants and are most active during the plant's flowering stage. Damage from these insects can cause reduced kernel set and yield if significant silk clipping occurs during the critical pollination period. This publication has been prepared to help you evaluate corn fields during this period and to help you determine whether insecticide application is necessary to protect the corn silks from these beetle populations during pollination.

Distributions, Densities, And Relative Abundances Of Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) In A Nebraska Sandhills Prairie, Anthony Joern

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) represent a conspicuous and often important component of grassland systems (Odum et al. 1962, Smalley 1960, Sinclair 1975, Van Hook 1971, Wiegert 1965). Often, assemblages of grasshoppers are quite diverse and may, on occasion, consume a large fraction of the available vegetation (Hewitt 1977, Hewitt et al. 1976, Mitchell and pfadt 1974). As such, grasshoppers have the potential of being very important in the nutrient and energy flow in grassland ecosystems. However, to understand the impact of grasshoppers at the ecosystem level requires that the densities and fluctuations of populations as well as the species composition of …

Tolerance Of The Rice Variety Triveni To The Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata Lugens, D. T. Ho, E. A. Heinrichs, F. Medrano

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Seedling screening and survival and population growth studies on 30-day-old plants indicated similar degrees of susceptibility on Taichung Native 1 (TN1) and Triveni rice to Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Dilphacidae). However, studies in the screenhouse and field indicated that at both the vegetative and mature stage, Triveni possesses tolerance to insect damage, expressed as the ability to survive and produce a higher percentage of productive tillers than TN1 at similar N. lugens populations. Yield reduction caused by feeding of N. lugens was ca. 40% when infested with 400 N. lugens on 35-, 50-, or 75-day-old plants, whereas it was almost 100% …

Preliminary Report Of Colony Survivorship In The Western Harvetser Ant (Pogonomyrmex Occidentalis) In Western Nebraska, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Colonies of Pogonomyrmex occidentalis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) may live an average of 22 to 43 years. The population dynamics of individual colonies of P. occidentalis adjacent to the Univ. Nebraska's Cedar Point Biol. Sta., Keith Co., Nebraska, is the subject of an ongoing investigation. The habitat is a moderately grazed shortgrass prairie dominated by Bouteloua hirsuta, B. gracilis, and Buchloe dactyloides, with Stipa comata, Aristida spp., and various forbs. The colonies studied are in a triangular area about 400 m long and 100 m across at the widest point. The area appears to be at carrying …

Aquatic Insects Of Selected Fishponds At Minor Clark Fish Hatchery, Rowan County, Kentucky, Lynda Jane Andrews

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Lynda Jane Andrews on May 3, 1982.

A Revision Of The North American Species In The Genus Euodynerus (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae), Ali Shallan Moalif

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-eight species of Euodynerus Dalla Torre are recognized from the Nearctic Region, of which one is Holarctic. Literature on the biology of fourteen species is reviewed and new biological information discussed for four species. The phylogenetic relationships of the genus Euodynerus to other genera and the classification and relationships of the species of Euodynerus are discussed. Seven subgenera are recognized of which four are new: Euodynerus, Pareuodynerus Bluethgen, Leucodynerus Bohart, Annodynerus new subgenus, Gonodynerus n. subgenus, Holodynerus n. subgenus and Plecodynerus n. subgenus. Their comparative morphology, phylogeny, and distrubution are discussed. Larval instars of E. hidalgo (Saussure), E. scutellaris …

Stand Risk Rating For The Southern Pine Beetle: Integrating Pest Management With Forest Management, Gordon L. Autry

Faculty Publications

Stand risk rating for the southern pine beetle.

Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm., is a first step toward dealing with a serious but sporadic insect problem. Two approaches, one utilizing readily available resource data, the other employing data obtained from aerial photographs, illustrate application of current knowledge to meet the protection needs of resource management-the primary role of integrated pest management. During a 36-month period in Louisiana, high-risk stands accounted for 13.4 infestations per 1,000 acres, four times the rate of low-risk stands; in Texas high-risk stands accounted for 9 .9 infestations per 1 ,000 acres during 1973-1978, almost five times the …

American Oryctini: Strategus Verrilli Ratcliffe Rediscovered And Described, And New Records And Comments For Other Strategus And Hispanioryctes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Strategus verrilli Ratcliffe was rediscovered on Dominica and is here redescribed, and a neotype is designated. A second specimen of Strategus craigi Ratcliffe (from the Huachuca mountains in Arizona) is reported and provides a new country record for this species. A female of S. ajax (Olivier) is reported from the Bahamas. Strategus monguilloni Voirin is reaffirmed as a synonym of S. mandibularis Sternberg, and the correct identification of the female allotype of S. gracilis Endrodi is questioned. Hispanioryctes wittmeri Howden and EndrCidi is reported from Haiti.

Effects Of Insecticides On Nilaparvata Lugens And Its Predators: Spiders, Microvelia Atrolineata, And Cyrtorhinus Lividipennis, W. H. Reissig, E. A. Heinrichs, S. L. Valencia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Thirty-five insecticides used on rice in Asia were tested in the field against Nilaparvata lugens. The most important predators of the pest, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Microvelia atrolineata, and predacious spiders, Lycosa pseudoannulata, Tetragnatha, and Araneus species, were also monitored in the test plots. Ten insecticides significantly reduced numbers of N. lugens, but propoxur and ethylan gave the most consistent and effective control. Most insecticides did not significantly reduce populations of spiders and M. atrolineata compared with untreated checks, but they did reduce numbers of C. lividipennis. Fifteen treatments caused resurgence of N. lugens, …