Entomology Commons^™

Selection Of Biotype Populations 2 And 3 Of Nilaparvata Lugens By Exposure To Resistant Rice Varieties, P. K. Pathak, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The release of an insect pest-resistant variety and subsequent adaptation of the insect species to that variety through the process of biotype selection has occurred on many cultivated crops. The present study was designed to obtain detailed information on some of the processes involved in the selection of biotypes of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) on two rice varieties with different major genes for resistance. The N. lugens population selected for the study, which had originally been collected in the field and reared on a susceptible variety for 12 years (ca. 140 generations), initially had a low survival on the resistant rice …

Insecticide-Induced Resurgence Of The Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata Lugens, On Rice Varieties With Different Levels Of Resistance, W. H. Reissig, E. A. Heinrichs, S. L. Valencia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three rice varieties, IR29, IR40, and IR42, which are, respectively, susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant to Nilaparvata lugens Stål in the Philippines, were treated in the field with decamethrin, an insecticide known to cause resurgence. N. lugens populations increased to a significantly higher level in the treated plots than in untreated checks, but the degree of resurgence varied among varieties. The maximum population increases in the treated plots compared with the checks were ca. 74-, 50-, and 5-fold, respectively, for IR29, IR40, and IR42. Decamethrin was toxic to predators, and this reduction of natural enemies of N. lugens may …

Resurgence Of Nilaparvata Lugens (Stål) Populations As Influenced By Method And Timing Of Insecticide Applications In Lowland Rice, E. A. Heinrichs, G. B. Aquino, S. Chelliah, S. L. Valencia, W. H. Reissig

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Resurgence of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) after insecticide application is a common phenomenon in rice in South and Southeast Asia. Among other insecticides inducing resurgence, carbofuran, decamethrin, and methyl parathion were selected for this study. Of the various methods of carbofuran application tested, foliar sprays were most active in inducing resurgence. Extent of resurgence was highly influenced by time of insecticide application. Sprays of methyl parathion and decamethrin applied 50 and 65 days after transplanting (DT) induced resurgence in the third generation of N. lugens at ca. 90 DT, whereas earlier applications had little effect. The cause(s) for resurgence was not …

Linkage Studies On Maxillopedia, A Homeotic Mutant In Tribolium Castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae), Robert Francis Ferrone

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

The Hornfaced Bee For Efficient Pollination Of Small Farm Orchards, Suzanne W. T. Batra

Ba

Osmia cornifrons is a highly efficient pollinator of rosaceous tree fruits (Pyrus and Prunus spp.). It is managed commercially in Japanese orchards, and it has been introduced into the eastern United States. Due to its effectiveness, docility, ease of handling and short flight range, it is well adapted for use on small farms.

Assessment Of The Impact Of The European Corn Borer At Three Locations In South Dakota, David R. Raemisch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) varies as an

economically significant pest in South Dakota from south to north. In

the northern part of the state the European corn borer (ECB) is limited

to one generation per year. In contrast, there are localized sites

along the Missouri River in southern South Dakota which usually

experience a substantial second brood population. Infestation by

either first or second brood ECB occurs at different stages in the

developmental sequence of the corn plant. As such, each brood must be

considered separately when assessing relationships between yield loss

and ECB larval cavities within the …

Resistance To The Rice Gall Midge Orseolia Oryzae In Rice, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Orseolia oryzae, the rice gall midge is a major pest of rice in many areas of tropical Asia and is becoming an important pest in Africa. A chronological review of the progress made in various national programs on varietal resistance, sources of resistance and breeding for resistance is given. Many resistant varieties have been identified and have been utilized in breeding programs to develop high yielding varieties with multiple resistance to the gall midge and other insect pests and diseases. Mechanisms and inheritance of resistance in rice varieties are discussed. Rice varieties resistant in various countries and sources of resistance …

A Bibliography Of Varietal Resistance To The Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzae (Wood-Mason), P. K. Pathak, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This bibliography contains 330 published and unpublished references for the period 1881-1981. References are arranged alphabetically by author and are also classified by country and by subjects (mass rearing, screening, evaluation and utilization of resistant varieties, breeding for and inheritance of resistance, and biotype variation). Tables list resistant varieties identified, varietal sources used in breeding programs, varieties which have been released for cultivation by farmers and biotype classification.

Influence Of The Termite Macrotermes Michaelseni (Sjöst) On Soil Fertility And Vegetation In A Semi-Arid Savannah Ecosystem, M. A. Arshad

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The growth and species structure of vegetation in relation to the proximity of termite (M. michaelseni) mounds was studied in a semi-arid savannah ecosystem during 1978-1980. The dry matter yield in the termite-modified area at 1-10 m distance from mounds was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than that in the area beyond 22 m which is relatively unaffected by the termites. Themeda triandra and Digitaria scalarum, dominant grass species of the area, were totally absent in the 1-10 m zone around the mound. The major species in the immediate vicinity of the mound were Pennisetum stramineum and Cynodon dactylon, the latter was a dominant species (over 90%) within the 0-10 m zone and entirely absent beyond 15 m from the mound. The number of grass species increased from 2-3 species around the mound to 6-7 species in the area apparently beyond the influence of the mound. High concentration of nutrients and favourable water availability, together with good drainage, appeared to be the major causes of increased biomass and different species composition of vegetation around the mound. © 1982.

The Influence Of Salinity On Larval Development And Population Dynamics Of Anopheles Merus Dönitz (Diptera: Culicidae), F. W. Mosha, C. M. Mutero

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Variations in density of adults of Anopheles merus Dön. in Jimbo Village on the Kenya Coast were found to be correlated both with rainfall and with salinity at their breeding sites. Densities started to increase at the beginning of the rains when several breeding sites were formed. This was followed by a decline in numbers resulting mainly from the decrease in salinity in the semi-permanent breeding sites. A second rise occurred after the end of the rains, corresponding with an increase in salinity in the semi-permanent breeding sites due to evaporation. Peak density coincided with salinities of 30–50% sea water …

Precocene-Induced Sterility In F1 Generation Of Glossina Morsitans Morsitans, M. Samaranayaka-Ramasamy, M. F.B. Chaudhury

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Precocene treatment does not disrupt the events of reproduction in Glossina morsitans morsitans or induce any apparent changes in treated tsetse. However, some females of the F1 generation are either sterile or show retardations in follicle development. Sterility is not reversed spontaneously or with juvenile hormone analogues. The critical period for precocene action is related to each ovulation. The corpora allata of precocene-treated tsetse are normal, but those of F1 sterile females are degenerate. The occurrence of retardation has enabled the characterisation of stages in follicle development in G. m. morsitans. © 1982.

Precocene Treatment Of The Female Tsetse Fly Glossina Morsitans Morsitans Sterilises Her Female Offspring, M. Samaranayaka-Ramasamy, M. F.B. Chaudhury

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

When adult female Glossina morsitans morsitans were treated with either precocene I or precocene II, females of the F1 generation, emerging from pupae of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th reproductive cycles failed to develop oocytes. © 1981 Birkhüuser Verlag.

Deterrence Of Repeated Oviposition In Sorghum Shootfly Atherigona Soccata, Ashok K. Raina

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata, under low population density conditions lays one egg per sorghum plant. Possible regulatory mechanisms of this oviposition behavior are reported. The presence of an egg thoroughly washed and reattached to a leaf does not deter further oviposition, indicating the absence of visual cues. When washings from eggs were sprayed on sorghum plants, or when plants from which eggs had been removed were presented to a gravid female, significant deterrence was observed. Apparently a deterrent pheromone is associated with the water-soluble glue with which the females attach their eggs to the leaves. Some deterrent effect persists …

Production Of Unisexual Progenies By The Sorghum Midge, Contarinia Sorghicola, Frederick P. Baxendale, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Mated females of the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), produce exclusively either male or female progenies. Unmated females deposit few eggs and produce no offspring. Production of single-sex progeny was not due to differential larval mortality of one sex.

The Yellowjackets Of America North Of Mexico, Roger D. Akre, Albert Greene, John F. Macdonald, Peter J. Landolt, Harry G. Davis

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This volume is a compendium of data on the pestiferous vespines (hornets and yellowjackets) of the United States and Canada. Sections cover taxonomy, biology, economic and medical importance, and control. Illustrated keys are included for rapid identification of species, and a glossary defines many of the unusual terms used in the text.

Reactions Of Differential Varieties To The Rice Gall Midge Orseolia Oryzae In Asia. Report Of An International Collaborative Research Project., Elvis A. Heinrichs, International Rice Research Institute

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Varieties and breeding lines known to be resistant to the gall midge in some areas of Asia were tested in China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand from 1977- 1980. Differential reactions were evident, indicating variations in the virulence of gall midge populations in the various countries. Eswarakora derivatives were resistant in Thailand but susceptible in Indonesia; Leuang 152 was resistant in Indonesia but susceptible in Thailand. In India, Eswarakora derivatives were susceptible in Orissa but resistant in Andhra Pradesh. The Leuang 152 and Ob 677 groups were resistant at all test sites except in Thailand and Bihar, India.

Field Studies Comparing The Effectiveness Of A Synthetic Female Sex Pheromone ([R,Z]-5-[1-Decenyl] Dihydro-2[3h]-Furanone) And A Floral Bait (Phenylethyl Propionate + Eugenol 7:3) In Controlling Adult Populations Of The Japanese Beetle (Popillia Japonica Newman), Sharon Kay Stahl

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Sharon Kay Stahl on April 22, 1981.

Fine Structure Of The Nucleus And Cytoplasmic Feulgen-Positive Areas In The Developing Oocyte Of Argus (Persicargas) Radiatus, Bonnie J. Harding

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A transmission electron microscope analysis of the changes that occur in the nuclear chromatin and the Feulgen-positive areas of the oocyte cytoplasm as the female develops, feeds and mates is described. The description includes analysis of oocytes from three types of females: unfed, unmated; fed, unmated; and fed, mated. In all types, dense material passes through the extremely porous nuclear membrane where it accumulates in the cytoplasm.

Nuclei of previtellogenic oocytes appear the same in all females studied. Fibrillar bodies and up to four large nucleoli are seen. No typical chromatin is seen, but structures resembling nucleosomes appear throughout the …

Barutus Hartmanni, A New Genus And Species From Panama With A Key To The Genera Of New World Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Barutus hartmanni, a new genus and species from Volcan de Baru, Chiriqui, Panama, is described and illustrated. A key to the New World genera of Pentodontini (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) is provided.

New Species And Distribution Records Of Surutu From Amazonian Brazil (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Surutu fenni n. sp. and Surutu hesperius n. sp. are described from the Amazon Basin of Brazil. Surutu seabrai D'Andretta and Martinez is recorded from the Brazilian state of Amazonas for the first time. A key to the species is presented.

A Function Of The Subelytral Chamber Of Tenebrionid Beetles, Con Slobodchikoff, Kim Wisman

Entomology Collection

1. The subelytral chamber is an air space between the elytra and the dorsum of the abdomen of some Tenebrionid beetles. Postulated functions for the subelytral chamber have been a reduction of transpiratory water loss and a thermal buffer for heat flow from the elytra to the abdomen.

2. We show that there is a significant correlation between water loss and the depth of the subelytral chamber.

3. This implies that the chamber may be a structure that permits the rapid expansion of the abdomen, providing the beetles with a mechanism by which they can quickly drink large quantities of …

Visitation Of Heliconius To Cnidoscolus Urens (“Mala Mujer”), Doug Crawford, Ruth Happel, Mary Lou Higgins, Aldemaro Romero Jr., John Thompson, Frances White

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Mud: An Insect Hotspot, Juli Armstrong, Ruth Buskirk, Tom Gush, Allan Hruska, Perri Klass, Aldemaro Romero Jr., John Thompson

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Reduced Yield Of Soybeans In Fields Infested With The Red Imported Fire Ant, C. S. Lofgren, C. T. Adams

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The impact of mounds of the red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta Buren, on the harvest of soybeans was reported by Adams et al. (1976. J. Ga. Ent. Soc. 11(2): 167-9) and Adams et al. (1977. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 93 (3): 150-2).

Die Erforschung Der Herpetofauna Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik: Situation Und Perspektiven, Günther Peters

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First paragraph:

Die Landschaften der Mongolei sind arm an Reptilien- und Amphibienarten. Dieser Umstand mag die Frage aufwerfen, ob herpetologische Untersuchungen in Beschränkung auf das Territorium der MVR eine nennenswerte Perspektive haben könnten, nachdem Artenspektrum und Verbteitung der Species annähernd vollständig erkundet sind. Ein Herpetologe wird zweifellos für seine Arbeit auch in diesem Land eine Zukunft sehen, doch muß wohl von vornherein eingestanden werden, daß das Volumen der Probleme dieses Faches hinter denen der übrigen Disziplinen der Vertebratenzoologie und der Entomologie in einem bescheidenerem Rahmen verbleibt. Dies gilt sowohl im rein wissenschaftlichen als erst recht auch im angewandten Bereich ihrer …

Eli Lilly El-468, A New Bait Toxicant For Control Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, David F. Williams, Clifford S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Eli Lilly EL-468, a phenylenediamine, possesses the delayed-toxicity necessary for a bait toxicant to control colonies of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. In laboratory tests it gave delayed action over more than a 10-fold range of concentrations; in field tests, baits formulated on pregel defatted corn grits and applied at 20 and 40 g AI/ha produced as high as 86 and 91% control.

Thoracic Crop Formation Following Dealation By Virgin Females Of Two Species Of Solenopsis, B. M. Glancey, A. Glover, C. S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The enlargement of the esophagus following dealation to form a "thoracic" crop has been reported for Lasius queens by Janet (1907. Ducourtieux and Gout 149 p.), for queen ants of 5 genera by Petersen-Braun and Buschinger (1975. Insectes Sociaux 22: 51-66) and for mated and unmated queens of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren by Glancey et al.

European Corn Borer Parasitoids; Distribution In Southern Minnesota, W. V. Winnie, D. D. Sreenivasam, H. C. Chiang

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

During the 1940's and 1950's seven exotic parasitoids of the European corn borer (ECB) Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), were released in Minnesota. This study was done to determine which introduced parasitoids became established and their distribution in Minnesota. The experiment was conducted during the summer of 1977 and fall of 1977, 78, 79- and 80 in conjunction with the annual ECB population surveys in southern Minnesota by the State Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry. Three introduced parasitoids, Macrocentrus grandii Goidanich, Eriborus Terebrans (Gravenhorst), and Sympiesis viridula (Thomson) and two native parasitoids, lshnus inquisitorius artricollaris (Walsh) and Aplomya caesar (Aldrich) …

Some Population Characteristics Of Metabus Gravidus Colonies In Monteverde, Ruth Buskirk, Linden Higgins, Aldemaro Romero Jr., Eduardo Santana C., Frances White

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Ovicidal Activity Of Insecticides Against Planthoppers On Rice, E. A. Heinrichs, S. L. Valencia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Insecticides were evaluated to determine their ovicidal activity against rice-feeding planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and Sogatella furcifera Horvath. Carbofuran, methyl parathion, and triazophos were ovicidal as foliar sprays, and carbofuran, diazinon, metalkamate, and triazophos were ovicidal as paddy-water applications of granules in insectary studies. In a field study, only triazophos as a foliar spray provided significant ovicidal activity against N. lugens. Eggs of S. furcifera were more susceptible to insecticides than those of N. lugens. Ovicidal activity was dependent on age of egg at the time of insecticide application and on insecticide concentration.