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Articles 631 - 660 of 1155
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Long‐Term Production And Profitability From Grazing Cattle In The Northern Mixed Grassprairie, B.H. Dunn, A.J. Smart, R.N. Gates, P.S. Johnson, M.K. Beutler, M.A. Diersen, L.L. Janssen
Long‐Term Production And Profitability From Grazing Cattle In The Northern Mixed Grassprairie, B.H. Dunn, A.J. Smart, R.N. Gates, P.S. Johnson, M.K. Beutler, M.A. Diersen, L.L. Janssen
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Conventional wisdom among rangeland professionals has been that for long‐term sustainability of grazing livestock operations, rangeland should be kept in high good to low excellent range condition. Our objective was to analyze production parameters, economic costs, returns, and profit using data generated over a thirty‐four year period (1969‐2002) from grazing a Clayey range site in the mixed‐grass prairie of western South Dakota with variable stocking rates required to maintain pastures in low‐fair, good, and excellent range condition classes. Cattle weights were measured at turnout and at the end of the grazing season. Gross income per acre was calculated by multiplying …
Relationship Of Circulating Ghrelin And Leptin Concentrations In Beef Cattle Exhibitingdifferences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, R.H. Pritchard, K.W. Bruns, D.H. Keisler, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
Relationship Of Circulating Ghrelin And Leptin Concentrations In Beef Cattle Exhibitingdifferences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, R.H. Pritchard, K.W. Bruns, D.H. Keisler, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Beef steers (n = 72) of similar age, weight (651 ± 3.1 lb), and genetic background (Angus crossbred) were used to determine the effects of growing period diet on the relationship of plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations with growth performance and carcass composition. At trial initiation (d 0), 8 steers were harvested for initial carcass composition. The remaining 64 steers were allotted, by weight, to pen and treatment was assigned randomly. Treatments were 1) a high‐forage diet fed during the growing period (0‐116 d) followed by a high‐concentrate diet during the finishing period (117‐209 d; GRW‐FNSH) or 2) a high‐concentrate …
Copper Supplementation Of Grazing Yearling Steers Supplemented Withmolybdenum While Consuming High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
Copper Supplementation Of Grazing Yearling Steers Supplemented Withmolybdenum While Consuming High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
There has been on‐going research conducted by South Dakota State University in the area of the consumption of high‐sulfur (S) water by steers grazing rangeland. During the summer of 2009 a trial was conducted in cooperation with the University of Wyoming on the effects of copper supplementation of grazing pasture steers supplemented with molybdenum (Mo), while drinking high‐sulfur water. The main purpose of this experiment was to gather data that may aide in the formulation of a method to counteract the negative effects of high‐S water consumed by ruminant livestock species in areas where sulfur concentrations in water sources causes …
Metabolizability Of Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard, J.W. Mccarthick, J. Knock, D.L. Boggs, C.J. Mueller
Metabolizability Of Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard, J.W. Mccarthick, J. Knock, D.L. Boggs, C.J. Mueller
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The feeding value of dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) is a combination of its contributions to protein nutrition as well as caloric intake of cattle. When DDGS is included in diets at levels where dietary CP has been met, the feeding value would primarily be a function of caloric density. A replicated 4 x 4 metabolism study was conducted to measure the caloric value of DDGS at high inclusion levels. Diets were formulated to contain 0, 12, 24, or 36% DDGS. These finishing diets were fed to yearling steers during a 21 d adaptation prior to total fecal and …
Effects Of Molybdenum Supplementation On Performance Of Forage‐Fed Steersreceiving High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
Effects Of Molybdenum Supplementation On Performance Of Forage‐Fed Steersreceiving High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
There has been on‐going research in the area of the consumption of high‐sulfur (S) water by steers grazing rangeland as well as forage‐fed steers in a feedlot setting. During the summer of 2009, a trial was conducted on the effects of high‐S water in finishing steers supplemented with molybdenum (Mo). The main purpose of the research was to gather data that may aid in the formulation of a supplement to counteract the negative effects of high‐S water consumed by ruminant livestock species in areas where sulfur concentration in water sources is a risk to animal health and performance. The specific …
Persistence Of Various Alfalfa Populations In South Dakota Rangeland, C.G. Misar, L. Xu, R.N. Gates, A.A. Boe, P.S. Johnson
Persistence Of Various Alfalfa Populations In South Dakota Rangeland, C.G. Misar, L. Xu, R.N. Gates, A.A. Boe, P.S. Johnson
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Inclusion of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in grasslands has long been valued to increase forage production and quality. Persistence of alfalfa in semiarid rangeland has generally been poor when non‐adapted and/or conventional hay‐type cultivars are utilized, however. Demand exists for alfalfa cultivars that establish readily and persist, particularly under grazing, in semiarid rangelands. A wild population of predominantly yellow‐flowered alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. falcata) was found growing and reproducing naturally in the Grand River National Grassland in northwestern South Dakota. This predominantly falcata alfalfa therefore demonstrates persistence in this semiarid environment. We initiated a study in May 2006 at the …
2010 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
2010 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
This is the 2010 South Dakota Beef Report produced by the SDSU Department of Animal Sciences in conjunction with the Agricultural Experiment Station , and the SDSU Cooperative Extension. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 2010. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition,management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.
The Index Of Biological Integrity And The Bootstrap: Can Random Sampling Error Affect Stream Impairment Decisions?, Christine L. Dolph, Aleksey Y. Sheshukov, Christopher J. Chizinski, Bruce Vondracek, Bruce N. Wilson
The Index Of Biological Integrity And The Bootstrap: Can Random Sampling Error Affect Stream Impairment Decisions?, Christine L. Dolph, Aleksey Y. Sheshukov, Christopher J. Chizinski, Bruce Vondracek, Bruce N. Wilson
Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications
Multimetric indices, such as the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), are increasingly used bymanagement agencies to determine whether surface water quality is impaired. However, important questions about the variability of these indices have not been thoroughly addressed in the scientific literature. In this study, we used a bootstrap approach to quantify variability associated with fish IBIs developed for streams in two Minnesota river basins. We further placed this variability into a management context by comparing it to impairment thresholds currently used in water quality determinations for Minnesota streams. We found that 95% confidence intervals ranged as high as 40 points …
What Scatter-Hoarding Animals Have Taught Us About Small-Scale Navigation, Kristy L. Gould, Debbie M. Kelly, Alan Kamil
What Scatter-Hoarding Animals Have Taught Us About Small-Scale Navigation, Kristy L. Gould, Debbie M. Kelly, Alan Kamil
Avian Cognition Papers
Many animals use cues for small-scale navigation, including beacons, landmarks, compasses and geometric properties. Scatter-hoarding animals are a unique system to study small-scale navigation. They have to remember and relocate many individual spatial locations, be fairly accurate in their searching and have to remember these locations for long stretches of time. In this article, we review what is known about cue use in both scatter-hoarding birds and rodents. We discuss the importance of local versus global cues, the encoding of bearings and geometric rules, the use of external compasses such as the Sun and the influence of the shape of …
Visitation To Cottonseed Storage Sites By Feral Swine And Evidence Of Gossypol Exposure, Tyler A. Campbell, Sarah L. Bullock, David B. Long, David G. Hewitt, Michael K. Dowd
Visitation To Cottonseed Storage Sites By Feral Swine And Evidence Of Gossypol Exposure, Tyler A. Campbell, Sarah L. Bullock, David B. Long, David G. Hewitt, Michael K. Dowd
Human–Wildlife Interactions
No abstract provided.
Observations Of Distribution, Size, And Sex Ratio Of Mature Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, From A Chesapeake Bay Tributary In Relation To Oyster Habitat And Environmental Factors, Jm Harding, R Mann
Observations Of Distribution, Size, And Sex Ratio Of Mature Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, From A Chesapeake Bay Tributary In Relation To Oyster Habitat And Environmental Factors, Jm Harding, R Mann
VIMS Articles
Blue crabs Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) > 100 mm carapace width were sampled from a constructed oyster reef (1996 and 1997), a sand bar (1997) and a natural oyster bar (1997) in the Piankatank River, Chesapeake Bay, USA to describe habitat use, sex ratios, and demographics across a gradient of habitat types. Patterns of blue crab catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE), and demographics were similar on the oyster reef in 1996 and 1997. Average annual CPUE on the reef was 6-8 crabs pot(-1) with maximum CPUE of 15 crabs pot(-1). Daylength and water temperature significantly affected reef CPUE with more crabs observed in late …
Bacteria Dispersal By Hitchhiking On Zooplankton, Hp Grossart, C Dziallas, F Leunert, Kw Tang
Bacteria Dispersal By Hitchhiking On Zooplankton, Hp Grossart, C Dziallas, F Leunert, Kw Tang
VIMS Articles
Microorganisms and zooplankton are both important components of aquatic food webs. Although both inhabit the same environment, they are often regarded as separate functional units that are indirectly connected through nutrient cycling and trophic cascade. However, research on pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria has shown that direct association with zooplankton has significant influences on the bacteria's physiology and ecology. We used stratified migration columns to study vertical dispersal of hitchhiking bacteria through migrating zooplankton across a density gradient that was otherwise impenetrable for bacteria in both upward and downward directions (conveyor-belt hypothesis). The strength of our experiments is to permit quantitative …
An Expansion Of The Msvpa Approach For Quantifying Predator-Prey Interactions In Exploited Fish Communities, Lp Garrison, Js Link, Dp Kilduff, Md Cieri, B Maffley, Rj Latour, Et Al.
An Expansion Of The Msvpa Approach For Quantifying Predator-Prey Interactions In Exploited Fish Communities, Lp Garrison, Js Link, Dp Kilduff, Md Cieri, B Maffley, Rj Latour, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires tools to place fish-stock dynamics in the broader context of fishery, predator, and competitive removals. Multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA) is an approach to quantifying predator prey interactions and estimating the rates of predation mortality for exploited fish populations. Here, an extended MSVPA (MSVPA-X) is presented as an alternative to existing MSVPA approaches. Notably, MSVPA-X uses index-tuned VPA methods, applies a more flexible feeding model, and includes an alternative functional feeding response. The MSVPA-X model is applied to a western Atlantic fish community, focusing on Atlantic menhaden and its major fish predators, and a sensitivity analysis …
Ulcerative Disease Outbreak In Crayfish Orconectes Propinquus Linked To Saprolegnia Australis In Big Muskellunge Lake, Wisconsin, L Krugner-Higby, D Haak, Ptj Johnson, Jeffrey D. Shields, Wm Jones, Kimberly S. Reece, Et Al.
Ulcerative Disease Outbreak In Crayfish Orconectes Propinquus Linked To Saprolegnia Australis In Big Muskellunge Lake, Wisconsin, L Krugner-Higby, D Haak, Ptj Johnson, Jeffrey D. Shields, Wm Jones, Kimberly S. Reece, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Crayfish populations in the area of the North Temperate Lakes Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, Wisconsin, USA, have been monitored for >25 yr. In 2005, native crayfish Orconectes propinquus from Big Muskellunge Lake were found with ulcerated lesions in the cuticle In 2006, lesions occurred in 9 5% of sampled crayfish from the lake (n = 3146). Ulcers generally occurred on the appendages of affected individuals but varied in location and severity. The prevalence of ulcers varied widely among sites, sample depths, and sampling dates, ranging from 20% The prevalence of ulcers in crayfish increased from a minimum in …
Effluent Organic Nitrogen (Eon): Bioavailability And Photochemical And Salinity-Mediated Release, Da Bronk, Qn Roberts, Mp Sanderson, Ea Canuel, Pg Hatcher, Et Al.
Effluent Organic Nitrogen (Eon): Bioavailability And Photochemical And Salinity-Mediated Release, Da Bronk, Qn Roberts, Mp Sanderson, Ea Canuel, Pg Hatcher, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The goal of this study was to investigate three potential ways that the soluble organic nitrogen (N) fraction of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, termed effluent organic N (EON), could contribute to coastal eutrophication - direct biological removal, photochemical release of labile compounds, and salinity-mediated release of ammonium (NH4+). Effluents from two WWTPs were used in the experiments. For the bioassays, EON was added to water from four salinities (similar to 0 to 30) collected from the James River (VA) in August 2008, and then concentrations of N and phosphorus compounds were measured periodically over 48 h. Bioassay results, based …
The Strength Of B Cell Interaction With Antigen Determines The Degree Of Igm Polymerization, Jm Ye, Es Bromage, Sl Kaattari
The Strength Of B Cell Interaction With Antigen Determines The Degree Of Igm Polymerization, Jm Ye, Es Bromage, Sl Kaattari
VIMS Articles
The induction of variable disulfide polymerization of IgM in the trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its effect on its half-life were examined. An association between greater Ab affinity and increased disulfide polymerization was first indicated by the observation of this increased IgM disulfide polymerization during the process of affinity maturation. A direct association between Ab affinity and disulfide polymerization was then established by the fractionation of individual sera into high- and low-affinity subpopulations, which also resulted in the partitioning of high and low degrees of disulfide polymerization. The ability of high-affinity B cells to produce more highly polymerized Abs upon Ag …
Subtle Biological Responses To Increased Co2 Concentrations By Phaeocystis Globosa Scherffel, A Harmful Algal Bloom Species, Y Wang, Wo Smith, Xd Wang, Ss Li
Subtle Biological Responses To Increased Co2 Concentrations By Phaeocystis Globosa Scherffel, A Harmful Algal Bloom Species, Y Wang, Wo Smith, Xd Wang, Ss Li
VIMS Articles
Recent investigations into the role of carbon dioxide on phytoplankton growth and composition have clearly shown differential effects among species and assemblages, suggesting that increases in oceanic CO2 may play a critical role in structuring lower trophic levels of marine systems in the future. Furthermore, alarming increases in the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal waters have been observed, and while not uniform among systems, appear in some manner to be linked to human impacts (eutrophication) on coastal systems. Models of HABs are in their infancy and do not at present include sophisticated biological effects or their environmental …
Kin Structure, Ecology And The Evolution Of Social Organization In Shrimp: A Comparative Analysis, Je Duffy, Ks Macdonald
Kin Structure, Ecology And The Evolution Of Social Organization In Shrimp: A Comparative Analysis, Je Duffy, Ks Macdonald
VIMS Articles
Eusocial societies present a Darwinian paradox, yet they have evolved independently in insects, mole-rats and symbiotic shrimp. Historically, eusociality has been thought to arise as a response to ecological challenges, mediated by kin selection, but the role of kin selection has recently been questioned. Here we use phylogenetically independent contrasts to test the association of eusociality with ecological performance and genetic structure (via life history) among 20 species of sponge-dwelling shrimp (Synalpheus) in Belize. Consistent with hypotheses that cooperative groups enjoy an advantage in challenging habitats, we show that eusocial species are more abundant, occupy more sponges and have broader …
Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients By Gelatinous Zooplankton In The York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Rh Condon, Dk Steinberg, Da Bronk
Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients By Gelatinous Zooplankton In The York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Rh Condon, Dk Steinberg, Da Bronk
VIMS Articles
Large "blooms" of ctenophores (Mnemiopsis leidyi) and scyphomedusae (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) occur throughout the York River, a sub-estuary of Chesapeake Bay. These gelatinous zooplankton blooms can influence carbon (C) and nutrient cycling through excretion of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). We measured dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (DOC, DON and DOP), ammonium (NH(4)(+)) and phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) released by M. leidyi and C. quinquecirrha in the laboratory, and estimated their contribution to in situ DOC and inorganic pools. Both species released high amounts of DOC compared with DON and DOP. DOM released by Mnemiopsis was …
Comparative Visual Function In Four Piscivorous Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Rw Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
Comparative Visual Function In Four Piscivorous Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Rw Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Maintaining optimal visual performance is a difficult task in photodynamic coastal and estuarine waters because of the unavoidable tradeoffs between luminous sensitivity and spatial and temporal resolution, yet the visual systems of coastal piscivores remain understudied despite differences in their ecomorphology and microhabitat use. We therefore used electroretinographic techniques to describe the light sensitivities, temporal properties and spectral sensitivities of the visual systems of four piscivorous fishes common to coastal and estuarine waters of the western North Atlantic: striped bass (Morone saxatilis), bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Benthic summer flounder exhibited higher luminous sensitivity …
Nitrogen Uptake By Phytoplankton And Bacteria During An Induced Phaeocystis Pouchetii Bloom, Measured Using Size Fractionation And Flow Cytometric Sorting, Pb Bradley, Mp Sanderson, Jc Nejstgaard, Af Sazhin, Me Frischer, Lm Killberg-Thoreson, Pg Verity, L Campbell, Da Bronk
Nitrogen Uptake By Phytoplankton And Bacteria During An Induced Phaeocystis Pouchetii Bloom, Measured Using Size Fractionation And Flow Cytometric Sorting, Pb Bradley, Mp Sanderson, Jc Nejstgaard, Af Sazhin, Me Frischer, Lm Killberg-Thoreson, Pg Verity, L Campbell, Da Bronk
VIMS Articles
Uptake of inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) by phytoplankton and bacteria was investigated during a mesocosm study conducted in Raunefjord, Norway in April 2005. One mesocosm was fertilized with nitrate and phosphate at a ratio of 16:1 and maintained in the light, while one unamended light mesocosm served as a control. Dissolved nutrients, phytoplankton and bacterial biomass, and phytoplankton community composition were monitored throughout the 26 d experiment. Uptake of (15)N-labeled ammonium and nitrate, and dual-labeled ((15)N and (13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) was measured for phytoplankton and bacteria using 2 methods: size fractionation into 0.2-0.8 and …
Linkage Between Crustacean Zooplankton And Aquatic Bacteria, Kw Tang, V Turk, Hp Grossart
Linkage Between Crustacean Zooplankton And Aquatic Bacteria, Kw Tang, V Turk, Hp Grossart
VIMS Articles
Bacteria and metazoan zooplankton (mainly crustaceans) are often viewed as 2 separate functional groups in the pelagic food webs indirectly linked via nutrient cycling and trophic cascades. Yet a zooplankter's body carries a high abundance of diverse bacteria, often at an equivalent concentration orders of magnitude higher than the ambient bacterial concentration. Zooplankton bodies are organic-rich micro-environments that support fast bacterial growth. Their physical-chemical conditions differ from those in the surrounding water and therefore select for different bacterial communities, including anaerobic bacteria that otherwise may not thrive in a well-oxygenated water column. The zooplankton body provides protection to the associated …
Asymmetric Conservation Benefits Of Circle Hooks In Multispecies Billfish Recreational Fisheries: A Synthesis Of Hook Performance And Analysis Of Blue Marlin (Makaira Nigricans) Postrelease Survival, John E. Graves, Andrij Z. Horodysky
Asymmetric Conservation Benefits Of Circle Hooks In Multispecies Billfish Recreational Fisheries: A Synthesis Of Hook Performance And Analysis Of Blue Marlin (Makaira Nigricans) Postrelease Survival, John E. Graves, Andrij Z. Horodysky
VIMS Articles
We evaluated the conservation benefits of the use of circle hooks compared with standard J hooks in the recreational fishery for Atlantic istiophorid billfishes, noting hooking location and the presence of trauma (bleeding) for 123 blue marlin (Makaira nigricans), 272 white marlin (Kajikia albida), and 132 sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) caught on natural baits rigged with one of the two hook types. In addition, we used pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) to follow the fate of 61 blue marlin caught on natural baits rigged with circle hooks or on a combination of artificial lure and natural bait rigged with J hooks. …
Observations Of Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus, Rathbun 1896) On Shell Bar Oyster Reef, Great Wicomico River, Virginia, Juliana Harding, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
Observations Of Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus, Rathbun 1896) On Shell Bar Oyster Reef, Great Wicomico River, Virginia, Juliana Harding, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus, Rathbun 1896) were sampled with commercial crab pots on Shell Bar oyster reef in the Great Wicomico River, VA, from May through October during 2006 and 2007. Weekly catch per unit effort (CPUE), sex ratio, and size (carapace width, measured in millimeters) were evaluated in the context of water temperature (measured in degrees Celsius), salinity, and daylength (measured in hours) conditions on the reef. The total number of crabs collected in 2006 and 2007 was 5,221 and 3,303, respectively. Blue crab CPU E was highest from mid-June through mid-September at water temperatures at or more than …
Bycatch Reduction Device Conserves Diamondback Terrapin Without Affecting Catch Of Blue Crab, Megan A. Rook, Rn Lipcius, Bret M. Bronner, Randolph Chambers
Bycatch Reduction Device Conserves Diamondback Terrapin Without Affecting Catch Of Blue Crab, Megan A. Rook, Rn Lipcius, Bret M. Bronner, Randolph Chambers
VIMS Articles
Bycatch mortality of non-target species in fisheries is a major threat to the conservation and restoration of marine and estuarine species. Attempts to reduce bycatch by fitting fishing gear with excluder devices have typically been met with resistance due to reductions in catch of target species. We examined the possibility that conservation and fishery goals could be met simultaneously. In lower Chesapeake Bay, we tested a mechanism for reducing bycatch of diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin in blue-crab traps without affecting crab catch. Over 23 sampling dates during summer 2008, we compared terrapin captures at 2 shallow-water sites typical of recreational …
Antipredatory Defense Of Neonatal Pronghorn (Antilocapra Americana) By Yearling Male Pronghorn In Southwestern South Dakota, Christopher N. Jacques, Jonathan A. Jenks
Antipredatory Defense Of Neonatal Pronghorn (Antilocapra Americana) By Yearling Male Pronghorn In Southwestern South Dakota, Christopher N. Jacques, Jonathan A. Jenks
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Antipredatory defense of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) neonates (≤1 month old) by adult females (>18 months old) is well documented throughout the geographic range of this species. However, reports of male pronghorn defending neonates against predators are limited to a single study in northwestern Wyoming where occurrences were documented of adult males assisting female pronghorn in defending neonates against coyotes (Canis latrans). To our knowledge, defense of neonatal pronghorn by yearling males (12–18 months old) has not been reported previously for this species. We report occurrences of antipredatory defense of neonatal pronghorn by yearling males in southwestern South Dakota
Effects Of Creep Feeder Design And Feed Accessibility On Preweaning Pig Performance And The Proportion Of Pigs Consuming Creep Feed, R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen
Effects Of Creep Feeder Design And Feed Accessibility On Preweaning Pig Performance And The Proportion Of Pigs Consuming Creep Feed, R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Objective: To determine the effects of creep feeder design and feed accessibility on preweaning performance and the proportion of eaters of creep feed. Materials and methods: A total of 54 sows and their litters were assigned to three treatments: rotary feeder with hopper, rotary feeder without hopper, and pan feeder. A creep diet with 1.0% chromic oxide was offered ad libitum from Day 18 until weaning (Day 21). Fecal samples were collected from piglets with sterile swabs 3 to 12 hours before weaning. Piglets were categorized as "eaters" when either of the two fecal samples was colored green; otherwise, they …
Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – High Dietary Levels Of Copper And Zinc For Young Pigs, And Phytase (2010), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz
Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – High Dietary Levels Of Copper And Zinc For Young Pigs, And Phytase (2010), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Copper and zinc play important roles in many physiological processes. Dietary copper levels of 5 to 10 ppm and zinc levels of 50 to 125 ppm are generally enough to meet the pig's nutrient requirement for these processes. However, when supplied at high concentrations (100 to 250 ppm for copper and 2000 to 3000 ppm for zinc), these two minerals are known to exert positive influences on growth rate. In addition, copper is efficacious even when antibiotics also are included in the diets.2 This suggests that the response to copper is additive to the response to antimicrobials. Response to high …
Effects On Bacon Quality Of Feeding Increasing Glycerol And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles To Finishing Pigs (2010), B L. Goehring, Terry A. Houser, Joel M. Derouchey, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, B M. Gerlach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh
Effects On Bacon Quality Of Feeding Increasing Glycerol And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles To Finishing Pigs (2010), B L. Goehring, Terry A. Houser, Joel M. Derouchey, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, B M. Gerlach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 84 barrows (PIC 337 x 1050, initially 68.3 lb) were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet with added dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 0 or 20%) and increasing glycerol (0, 2.5, or 5%) to determine the effects on belly quality. Criteria that were evaluated included: belly length, thickness, firmness, and slice yield; proximate and fatty acid analyses; iodine values; and sensory characteristics. There were no (P>0.08) DDGS x glycerol interactions on any criteria measured. Inclusion of 20% DDGS in the diet decreased belly firmness (P<0.04), as measured by the belly flop test (fat-side down method). Twenty percent DDGS decreased (P<0.01) the percentage of myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, total saturated fatty acids, and total monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, 20% DDGS increased (P<0.01) the percentage of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, unsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratios, polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratios, and iodine values. The inclusion of 0, 2.5, and 5% glycerol in swine diets did not affect any measured criteria in this study. In conclusion, feeding DDGS at a level of 20% decreased belly firmness and changed the fatty acid profile; however, it did not affect belly processing or sensory characteristics. Glycerol fed at 2.5 or 5.0% did not affect belly quality, fatty acid profile, or sensory characteristics of bacon.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 2010
Effects Of Cracked Corn On Growth Performance And Stomach Lesions In Finishing Pigs (2010), S M. Williams, C B. Paulk, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock
Effects Of Cracked Corn On Growth Performance And Stomach Lesions In Finishing Pigs (2010), S M. Williams, C B. Paulk, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 208 pigs (104 barrows and 104 gilts, initial average 138 lb) were used in a 63-d experiment to determine the effects of adding cracked corn to diets for finishing pigs. The pigs were sorted by ancestry and blocked by weight with 13 pigs per pen and 4 pens per treatment. Treatments were corn-soybean meal-based with none, 10, 20, or 40% roller-milled corn (mean particle size of 3,549 μm). Particle size for the none, 10, 20, and 40% cracked corn diets were 684, 926, 979, and 1,187 μm, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum until slaughter …