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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Rangeland Condition Assessment Of A Portion Of The Cal Poly Sheep Unit, Colin S. Mckim
Rangeland Condition Assessment Of A Portion Of The Cal Poly Sheep Unit, Colin S. Mckim
Animal Science
This rangeland condition assessment was conducted as part of the Cal Poly Rangeland Condition Assessment Project. Five pastures comprising 31.7 acres at the Cal Poly sheep unit were assessed to collect baseline ecological information. Methods used were Line-point Intercept, Belt Transect, Residual Dry Matter, and the rangeland health indicators recommended by Pyke et al., 2002. Additionally, a preliminary species list was collected. The rangeland health assessment method found all pastures to have no to slight departure from the local reference area when evaluated for soil and site stability, hydrologic function, and biotic integrity.
Lutein Exposure, In Ovo Or In The Diet, Reduces Parameters Of Inflammation In The Liver And Spleen Laying-Type Chicks (Gallus Gallus Domesticus), L.S. Meriwether, B. D. Humphrey, D. G. Peterson, K. C. Klasing, E. A. Koutsos
Lutein Exposure, In Ovo Or In The Diet, Reduces Parameters Of Inflammation In The Liver And Spleen Laying-Type Chicks (Gallus Gallus Domesticus), L.S. Meriwether, B. D. Humphrey, D. G. Peterson, K. C. Klasing, E. A. Koutsos
Animal Science
These trials examined whether the demonstrated effects of embryonic and dietary carotenoid exposure on the inflammatory immune response in fast growing chickens also occur in slow growing chickens. The systemic and local inflammatory responses of chicks were examined in two experiments with two in ovo lutein levels (C+, carotenoid replete; or C−, carotenoid-deplete), two dietary lutein levels (0 or 40 mg lutein/kg diet), and two inflammatory challenges [no exposure or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-vaccinated]. At 24 h after LPS vaccination, spleen weight was not affected by diet or in ovo lutein, but liver weight increased from C+ eggs (p < 0.01), and in LPS-vaccinated chicks fed 0 mg lutein (p < 0.05), but not in chicks fed 40 mg lutein. Plasma carotenoids and liver carotenoids were reduced post-LPS (p < 0.05). Splenic IL-6 mRNA abundance was the greatest post-LPS in C− chicks fed 40 mg lutein vs. C+ chicks fed 40 mg lutein (p < 0.05). Hepatic IL-6, iNOS and TGFβ and splenic iNOS and TGFβ were not …
Poisonous Rangeland Plants In San Luis Obispo County, Sara Litten, Amanda Ou
Poisonous Rangeland Plants In San Luis Obispo County, Sara Litten, Amanda Ou
Animal Science
Poisonous Rangeland Plants in San Luis Obispo County is a comprehensive educational guide to rangeland plants that are toxic to domestic livestock. This guide begins with an exploration of how the biological systems are affected by the poisonous plant toxins. The biochemistry behind these toxins is included in the discussion. Next, reference material for fourteen plants that inhabit San Luis Obispo County is provided. This information includes specific toxins found in poisonous plants, affected animals, symptoms of poisoning, stages of growth, lethal dose, and distribution of the plant in California. This section of the guide is filled with helpful photos …
Growth Hormone Alters Lipid Composition And Increases The Abundance Of Casein And Lactalbumin Mrna In The Mac-T Cell Line, Tasha L. Johnson, Brent As. Fujimoto, Rafael Jimenez-Flores, Daniel G. Peterson
Growth Hormone Alters Lipid Composition And Increases The Abundance Of Casein And Lactalbumin Mrna In The Mac-T Cell Line, Tasha L. Johnson, Brent As. Fujimoto, Rafael Jimenez-Flores, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
The MAC-T cell line has been used extensively to investigate bovine mammary epithelial cell function. A lactogenic phenotype is generally induced in this cell line by a combination of dexamethasone, insulin and prolactin and has typically been assessed by milk protein production. Few studies have focused on identifying other factors that may affect milk protein synthesis in the MAC-T cell line, and none have considered the lipid class distribution of MAC-T cells as a component of the lactogenic phenotype. Growth hormone (GH) has been shown to increase milk protein synthesis both in vivo and in mammary cell models, and has …
Perspectives On The Application Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride In The United States Beef Industry, Robert J. Delmore, Jr., J. M. Hodgen, B. J. Johnson
Perspectives On The Application Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride In The United States Beef Industry, Robert J. Delmore, Jr., J. M. Hodgen, B. J. Johnson
Animal Science
Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) is a β-adrenergic agonist approved to be fed at a rate of 8.3 mg/kg (100% DM basis) during the final 20 to 40 d of the finishing period in beef cattle followed by a minimum 3-d withdrawal period antemortem. The Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved label claims of increased rate of BW gain, improved feed efficiency, and increased carcass leanness. Before the release of ZH for commercial use in 2007, approximately 10 independent research trials at various universities and commercial feedlots were initiated. Articles in recent issues of the Journal of Animal Science are a result of …
Perspectives On The Application Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride In The United States Beef Industry, R. J. Delmore, J. M. Hodgen, B. J. Johnson
Perspectives On The Application Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride In The United States Beef Industry, R. J. Delmore, J. M. Hodgen, B. J. Johnson
Animal Science
Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) is a β-adrenergic agonist approved to be fed at a rate of 8.3 mg/kg (100% DM basis) during the final 20 to 40 d of the finishing period in beef cattle followed by a minimum 3-d withdrawal period antemortem. The Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved label claims of increased rate of BW gain, improved feed efficiency, and increased carcass leanness. Before the release of ZH for commercial use in 2007, approximately 10 independent research trials at various universities and commercial feedlots were initiated. Articles in recent issues of the Journal of Animal Science are a result of …
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated From A Novel Equine Tissue Exhibit Embryonic Molecular Markers And Adipogenic Differentiation Potential, Jane Marie Isquith, Kelly Shaw, Karen Shaw, Daniel Peterson, Matthew Burd
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated From A Novel Equine Tissue Exhibit Embryonic Molecular Markers And Adipogenic Differentiation Potential, Jane Marie Isquith, Kelly Shaw, Karen Shaw, Daniel Peterson, Matthew Burd
Animal Science
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been isolated from equine tissues, most notably adipose and bonemarrow. On the basis of ability for self-renewal, molecular marker expression and differentiation potential, we characterized MSCs isolated from a tissue not yet explored in the equine. After isolation, MSCs weremaintained in culture for 25 passages before senescence was observed. Reverse transcription-PCR revealedembryonic transcription factor Oct4 mRNA, as well as mRNA for fucosyltransferase 4 and ST3B-galactosid α 2,3 sialySSEA4, respylxanthine l ltransferase 2, two enzymes responsible for synthesis of embryonic surface markersSSEA1 and ectively. Treatment with insulin, dexamethasone, indomethacin andisobutylmethed to increased oil red O staining …
Lh Increases Insl3 Mrna Abundance In Ma-10 Leydig Cells, Mary Elizabeth Strong, Matthew Anderson Burd, Daniel Gunnar Peterson
Lh Increases Insl3 Mrna Abundance In Ma-10 Leydig Cells, Mary Elizabeth Strong, Matthew Anderson Burd, Daniel Gunnar Peterson
Animal Science
Leydig cells produce testosterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH) via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A pathway. Additionally, these cells are responsible for producing insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3), a peptide hormone that is essential for testicular descent. The insl3 promoterin Leydig cells can be activated by cAMP through the transcription factor Nur77. While the mechanism of LH action on testosterone production is well characterized, the effect of LH on insl3 abundance has yet to be shown directly. MA-10 Leydig cells were treated with either 0 and 100 ng/mL LH for 3 and 6 hours in a 2x2 factorial …
Comparison Of The Effects Of Growth Hormone On Mac-T Cells And Primary Mammary Cells, Lisa Mcdonnell, Tasha Johnson, Daniel G. Peterson
Comparison Of The Effects Of Growth Hormone On Mac-T Cells And Primary Mammary Cells, Lisa Mcdonnell, Tasha Johnson, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
The ability of growth hormone (GH) to increase milk yield through somatomedins is well characterized,however recent studies utilizing mammary epithelial cell (MEC) lines have indicated a possible direct effecton MEC. In the mammary alveolar cell-T (MAC-T) line, relative abundance of mRNA for two milk protein genes, α-lactalbumin and αS1-casein, and GH receptor was increased by GH. MAC-T cells were compared tobovine mammary tissue explants and primary MEC isolated from raw milk through culture in classicallactation medium (dexamethasone, insulin, prolactin) with 0 or 10 ng/mL GH. Explant and primary cellmRNA abundance showed a similar pattern to MAC-T indicating that the effects …
The Effects Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride On Carcass Cutability And Tenderness Of Calf-Fed Holstein Steers, A. J. Garmyn, J. N. Shook, D. L. Vanoverbeke, J. L. Beckett, Robert J. Delmore, D. A. Yates, D. M. Allen, G. G. Hilton
The Effects Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride On Carcass Cutability And Tenderness Of Calf-Fed Holstein Steers, A. J. Garmyn, J. N. Shook, D. L. Vanoverbeke, J. L. Beckett, Robert J. Delmore, D. A. Yates, D. M. Allen, G. G. Hilton
Animal Science
To evaluate the impact of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) on carcass cutability and tenderness of calf-fed Holstein steers, calf-fed Holstein carcasses (n = 102) were selected from a pool of 2,300 steers that were fed 0 or 8.3 mg/kg (DM basis) of ZH. Zilpaterol hydrochloride was supplemented the last 20 d of the finishing period and withdrawn for 3 d before slaughter. Carcasses were selected based on carcass weight as well as predetermined USDA Yield grade categories. For tenderness evaluation, steaks from the strip loin, bottom round, and top round (n = 54 per subprimal) were aged for 14 or 21 …
Effects Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride Feeding Duration On Beed And Calf-Fed Holstein Strip Loin Steak Color, H. R. Rogers, J. C. Brooks, M. C. Hunt, G. G. Hilton, D. L. Vanoverbeke, J. Killefer, T. E. Lawrence, R. J. Delmore, B. J. Johnson, D. M. Allen, M. N. Streeter, W. T. Nichols, J. P. Hutcheson, D. A. Yates, J. N. Martin, M. F. Miller
Effects Of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride Feeding Duration On Beed And Calf-Fed Holstein Strip Loin Steak Color, H. R. Rogers, J. C. Brooks, M. C. Hunt, G. G. Hilton, D. L. Vanoverbeke, J. Killefer, T. E. Lawrence, R. J. Delmore, B. J. Johnson, D. M. Allen, M. N. Streeter, W. T. Nichols, J. P. Hutcheson, D. A. Yates, J. N. Martin, M. F. Miller
Animal Science
ABSTRACT: Two studies using beef and calf-fed Holstein cattle were conducted to determine the effect of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation on the color of strip loin steaks packaged in traditional and modified-atmosphere packaging. Select (USDA) strip loins were obtained from the carcasses of beef (n = 118) or calf-fed Holstein (n = 132) cattle fed ZH (6.8 g/ton on a 90% DM basis) for the last 0, 20, 30, or 40 d of feeding. One portion of the strip loin was moisture enhanced, cut into steaks, and packaged in an atmosphere containing 80% oxygen and 20% carbon dioxide. The remaining …