Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Sdsu Irm‐Spa: Trend Analysis 2002 – 2008, E.M. Mousel
Sdsu Irm‐Spa: Trend Analysis 2002 – 2008, E.M. Mousel
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Production and financial efficiency data from cow‐calf producers in eastern South Dakota was analyzed. Data was collected from 2002‐2008; each herd represented one observation. The database consisted of 210 production observations and 140 financial observations. Analysis of production efficiency data was conducted according to the SPA guidelines, developed by the IRM Coordinating Committee of the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association. Financial data was collected using the SPA system, in accordance with the SPA guidelines as well information collected from IRS Schedule F to calculate operating expense ratio (OER). Overall trends suggested that following the market peak of 2005, production efficiency has …
Sdsu Irm‐Spa 2008 Summary Report, E.M. Mousel
Sdsu Irm‐Spa 2008 Summary Report, E.M. Mousel
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Integrated Resource Management (IRM) is a method of managing the farm as a whole, rather than as separate, unrelated enterprises. Using this method, resources can be utilized to maximize efficiency and profitability of an operation. A key component of the IRM approach to management is Standardized Performance Analysis (SPA). The SPA is a cow‐calf performance analysis system that is used to integrate production and financial data using a standardized performance analysis procedure to identify production management and financial inefficiencies in the cow‐calf enterprise. These performance values can be used to identify opportunities for change. Comparing results between production years as …
Effect Of Maternal Nutrition On Fetal Adipocyte Development, T.D. Jennings, K.R. Underwood, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, A.D. Weaver
Effect Of Maternal Nutrition On Fetal Adipocyte Development, T.D. Jennings, K.R. Underwood, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, A.D. Weaver
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genes in fetal tissues. Genes of interest were selected because each has been demonstrated previously to influence body composition. Twenty‐two Angus‐cross bred heifers (BW = 1161 ± 19 lbs) randomly were assigned to three dietary treatments. Maternal dietary treatments were formulated and intake was controlled to provide 150% (HIGH), 100% (INT), and 80% (LOW) of maintenance energy requirements for growing pregnant Angus heifers (NRC, 2000). Heifers were on dietary treatment from d 85 to d 180 of gestation, at which point fetuses were …
Effects Of Dietary Energy Source And Corn Oil Inclusion On Plasma Metabolite And Lipid Profiles And Intramuscular Adipose And Muscle Accretion In Beef Cattle, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, R.H. Pritchard, D.C. Mcfarland, K.W. Burns
Effects Of Dietary Energy Source And Corn Oil Inclusion On Plasma Metabolite And Lipid Profiles And Intramuscular Adipose And Muscle Accretion In Beef Cattle, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, R.H. Pritchard, D.C. Mcfarland, K.W. Burns
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The objectives of this research were to evaluate 1) fluctuations in plasma metabolites and lipid profiles and 2) differences in satellite cell differentiation and proliferation in cattle with differences in marbling relative to total fatness. Dietary starch is thought to optimize accumulation of marbling. In this experiment, readily fermentable fiber or corn oil were substituted for starch from corn in an effort to alter adipose tissue accretion. Crossbred yearling steers (n = 144) were used in a 131 d finishing trial. The trial was designed as a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of dietary energy source by corn oil inclusion. …
The Presence Of Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (Ghrelin Receptor) In Metabolic Tissues Of Beef Cattle With Differences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, J.A. Clapper, A.D. Weaver, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
The Presence Of Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (Ghrelin Receptor) In Metabolic Tissues Of Beef Cattle With Differences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, J.A. Clapper, A.D. Weaver, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Beef steers (n = 72) of similar age, weight (651 ± 3.1 lb), and genetic (Angus crossbred) background were used to determine the effects of growing diet composition (high‐forage vs. high‐concentrate) on the abundance of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS‐R or ghrelin receptor) in metabolically important tissues of beef cattle. At trial initiation (d 0), 8 steers were harvested for initial carcass composition. The remaining 64 steers were allotted, by weight, to pen and treatment was assigned randomly. Treatments were 1) a high‐forage diet fed during the growing period (116 d) followed by a high‐concentrate diet during the finishing period …
Effect Of Supplemental Fat From Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles Or Corn Oil On Nutrient Digestibility, A.J. Bartosh, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, C.L. Wright
Effect Of Supplemental Fat From Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles Or Corn Oil On Nutrient Digestibility, A.J. Bartosh, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, C.L. Wright
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of supplemental fat from either dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) or raw corn oil on the digestibility of nutrients and long chain fatty acids. When compared to corn grain and grass hay, DDGS have considerably greater levels of fat, which may negatively influence rumen microbes and nutrient digestibility. Six medium‐framed crossbred steers (initial BW = 602 ± 23.6 lb) were used in a Latin square design to determine apparent total tract digestibility of diets formulated with no supplemental fat or supplemental fat from either DDGS or raw corn oil. …
Influence Of Dietary Corn Oil On Production Efficiencies And Adipose And Muscle Accretion In Beef Cattle, R.H. Pritchard, A. Wertz-Lutz, K.W. Bruns, D.M. Wulf
Influence Of Dietary Corn Oil On Production Efficiencies And Adipose And Muscle Accretion In Beef Cattle, R.H. Pritchard, A. Wertz-Lutz, K.W. Bruns, D.M. Wulf
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The objective of this research was to determine shifts in metabolism associated with differences in marbling relative to total fatness in beef carcasses. Dietary starch is thought to optimize accumulation of intramuscular adipose (IAT). The two mechanisms used to alter IAT accumulation were to substitute either readily fermentable fiber or corn oil for starch from corn. The model involved yearling steers (n = 144) during a 131 d finishing phase. The control diet contained 8.5% roughage and 81.2% corn. A higher fiber finishing diet included substitution of chopped, high moisture ear corn (43.7%) and dried corn gluten feed (18.2%) for …
Digestion And Metabolism Of Diets Containing Increasing Levels Of Corn Germ, R.H. Pritchard, G.B. Kleinhans
Digestion And Metabolism Of Diets Containing Increasing Levels Of Corn Germ, R.H. Pritchard, G.B. Kleinhans
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
A novel germ fraction is being generated by the BFrac™4 process. The 20% fat, dry, flowable material is a potential source of concentrated energy to include in Northern Plains feedlot diets. A metabolism study with wethers was conducted to evaluate how ruminants would respond to this additional fat intake in finishing diets. Total collections of urine and feces were conducted on 23 wethers fed pelleted, high‐corn content, iso‐nitrogenous diets that included 0, 10, 20, or 30% germ. Each 6‐d collection period followed 21 d adaptation periods. Increasing BFrac™ germ content caused (P < 0.01) an increase in DMI and a linear (P < 0.001) decrease in DM digestibility, probably due to the effect of DMI. There was a quadratic (P < 0.01) increase in EE digestibility, plateauing at 10% germ. Dietary DE, kcal/g declined linearly (P < 0.01) but DE intake (kcal/d) increased linearly (P < 0.05) because of higher DMI. There was no (P > 0.15) dietary effect on N digestibility, but there …
Use Of De‐Oiled Dried Distillers Grains As A Source Of Crude Protein In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard
Use Of De‐Oiled Dried Distillers Grains As A Source Of Crude Protein In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
A de‐oiled distillers grains (dDGS) product was evaluated as a primary supplemental CP source in finishing diets. The 3 dietary treatments used were: SBM/Urea) as a control, typical of feedlot diets; dDGS) where dDGS replaced all of the SBM and some urea; and dDGS/SBM) where a 90% dDGS/10% SBM (N basis) blend was fed iso‐nitrogenous to the other diets. Eighteen pens of 8 steers each were fed these finishing diets for 132 d. There were no differences in steer performance or carcass traits attributable to diet. The dDGS product can be used effectively to replace oilseed meals and some of …
Copper Supplementation Of Grazing Yearling Steers Supplemented Withmolybdenum While Consuming High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
Copper Supplementation Of Grazing Yearling Steers Supplemented Withmolybdenum While Consuming High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
There has been on‐going research conducted by South Dakota State University in the area of the consumption of high‐sulfur (S) water by steers grazing rangeland. During the summer of 2009 a trial was conducted in cooperation with the University of Wyoming on the effects of copper supplementation of grazing pasture steers supplemented with molybdenum (Mo), while drinking high‐sulfur water. The main purpose of this experiment was to gather data that may aide in the formulation of a method to counteract the negative effects of high‐S water consumed by ruminant livestock species in areas where sulfur concentrations in water sources causes …
Effects Of Molybdenum Supplementation On Performance Of Forage‐Fed Steersreceiving High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
Effects Of Molybdenum Supplementation On Performance Of Forage‐Fed Steersreceiving High‐Sulfur Water, K.L. Kessler, K.C. Olson, C.L. Wright, K.J. Austin, P.S. Johnson, K.M. Cammack
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
There has been on‐going research in the area of the consumption of high‐sulfur (S) water by steers grazing rangeland as well as forage‐fed steers in a feedlot setting. During the summer of 2009, a trial was conducted on the effects of high‐S water in finishing steers supplemented with molybdenum (Mo). The main purpose of the research was to gather data that may aid in the formulation of a supplement to counteract the negative effects of high‐S water consumed by ruminant livestock species in areas where sulfur concentration in water sources is a risk to animal health and performance. The specific …
Relationship Of Circulating Ghrelin And Leptin Concentrations In Beef Cattle Exhibitingdifferences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, R.H. Pritchard, K.W. Bruns, D.H. Keisler, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
Relationship Of Circulating Ghrelin And Leptin Concentrations In Beef Cattle Exhibitingdifferences In Composition Of Gain, J.S. Jennings, R.H. Pritchard, K.W. Bruns, D.H. Keisler, A.E. Wertz-Lutz
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Beef steers (n = 72) of similar age, weight (651 ± 3.1 lb), and genetic background (Angus crossbred) were used to determine the effects of growing period diet on the relationship of plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations with growth performance and carcass composition. At trial initiation (d 0), 8 steers were harvested for initial carcass composition. The remaining 64 steers were allotted, by weight, to pen and treatment was assigned randomly. Treatments were 1) a high‐forage diet fed during the growing period (0‐116 d) followed by a high‐concentrate diet during the finishing period (117‐209 d; GRW‐FNSH) or 2) a high‐concentrate …
Metabolizability Of Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard, J.W. Mccarthick, J. Knock, D.L. Boggs, C.J. Mueller
Metabolizability Of Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets, R.H. Pritchard, J.W. Mccarthick, J. Knock, D.L. Boggs, C.J. Mueller
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
The feeding value of dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) is a combination of its contributions to protein nutrition as well as caloric intake of cattle. When DDGS is included in diets at levels where dietary CP has been met, the feeding value would primarily be a function of caloric density. A replicated 4 x 4 metabolism study was conducted to measure the caloric value of DDGS at high inclusion levels. Diets were formulated to contain 0, 12, 24, or 36% DDGS. These finishing diets were fed to yearling steers during a 21 d adaptation prior to total fecal and …
Long‐Term Production And Profitability From Grazing Cattle In The Northern Mixed Grassprairie, B.H. Dunn, A.J. Smart, R.N. Gates, P.S. Johnson, M.K. Beutler, M.A. Diersen, L.L. Janssen
Long‐Term Production And Profitability From Grazing Cattle In The Northern Mixed Grassprairie, B.H. Dunn, A.J. Smart, R.N. Gates, P.S. Johnson, M.K. Beutler, M.A. Diersen, L.L. Janssen
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Conventional wisdom among rangeland professionals has been that for long‐term sustainability of grazing livestock operations, rangeland should be kept in high good to low excellent range condition. Our objective was to analyze production parameters, economic costs, returns, and profit using data generated over a thirty‐four year period (1969‐2002) from grazing a Clayey range site in the mixed‐grass prairie of western South Dakota with variable stocking rates required to maintain pastures in low‐fair, good, and excellent range condition classes. Cattle weights were measured at turnout and at the end of the grazing season. Gross income per acre was calculated by multiplying …
Persistence Of Various Alfalfa Populations In South Dakota Rangeland, C.G. Misar, L. Xu, R.N. Gates, A.A. Boe, P.S. Johnson
Persistence Of Various Alfalfa Populations In South Dakota Rangeland, C.G. Misar, L. Xu, R.N. Gates, A.A. Boe, P.S. Johnson
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
Inclusion of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in grasslands has long been valued to increase forage production and quality. Persistence of alfalfa in semiarid rangeland has generally been poor when non‐adapted and/or conventional hay‐type cultivars are utilized, however. Demand exists for alfalfa cultivars that establish readily and persist, particularly under grazing, in semiarid rangelands. A wild population of predominantly yellow‐flowered alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. falcata) was found growing and reproducing naturally in the Grand River National Grassland in northwestern South Dakota. This predominantly falcata alfalfa therefore demonstrates persistence in this semiarid environment. We initiated a study in May 2006 at the …
2010 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
2010 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
South Dakota Beef Report, 2010
This is the 2010 South Dakota Beef Report produced by the SDSU Department of Animal Sciences in conjunction with the Agricultural Experiment Station , and the SDSU Cooperative Extension. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 2010. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition,management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.