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Full-Text Articles in Agriculture

Consumer Taste Beliefs Impact Organic Specialty Baked Good Pricing, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis Feb 2023

Consumer Taste Beliefs Impact Organic Specialty Baked Good Pricing, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we discuss how consumer taste beliefs related to organic specialty baked goods differ from their taste beliefs for conventional specialty baked goods, and whether this difference affects the amount consumers are willing to pay for organic-labeled specialty baked goods. In other words, we examine how an organic label on baked goods affects taste perceptions and willingness to pay (WTP). Further, we examine whether providing information about organic labeling standards changes consumer taste beliefs and impacts WTP for organic baked goods. Finally, we examine the impact of providing taste information to mimic scenarios where respondents know the …

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Who Values Organic Specialty Bakery Products?, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis Feb 2023

Who Values Organic Specialty Bakery Products?, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we examine differences in socio-demographics and lifestyle choices between those who view organic as important when purchasing specialty bakery products and those who don’t, with the aim to identify a target market of consumers who prefer organic specialty bakery products. Additionally, we evaluate other important product attributes to consumers seeking organic specialty bakery products. Consumer taste ratings for organic and conventional specialty bakery products are compared for those who value organics and those who don’t to evaluate the impact of taste beliefs on consumer demand for organic specialty bakery products.

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Which Factors Influence Consumer Organic Specialty Bakery Product Taste Ratings?, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis Feb 2023

Which Factors Influence Consumer Organic Specialty Bakery Product Taste Ratings?, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we compare consumer taste ratings for organic and conventional specialty bakery products and analyze what factors explain the differences. These products are typically consumed for pleasure and are more expensive than mainstream baked goods. However, consumers have high quality expectations, including taste, which may be an issue if not satisfactory. Understanding factors that impact consumer taste rating for organic specialty bakery products can help identify what might be done to improve taste perceptions/expectations and the success of organic specialty bakery/pastry products.

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Abundance Of Halyomorpha Halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) And Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) In Soybean In Areas With Few Previous Sightings In Tennessee, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Richard H. Link Feb 2023

Abundance Of Halyomorpha Halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) And Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) In Soybean In Areas With Few Previous Sightings In Tennessee, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Richard H. Link

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) and Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius) are two exotic invasive pests that have invaded the United States in recent years. Halyomorpha halys can damage various fruits, vegetables, and field crops, such as soybean and corn, while Megacopta cribraria only attacks soybean and kudzu, a weed species. They are currently found in southeastern states and threaten soybean and other crops grown in the region. This study evaluated the seasonal abundance of H. halys and M. cribraria in soybeans in 2016 and 2017 in two counties in the central region of Tennessee, where both species had either a few sightings or …

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Differential Impacts Of Cereal And Protein Sources Fed To Pigs After Weaning On Diarrhoea And Faecal Shedding Of Escherichia Coli, Production, And Total Tract Apparent Digestibility, John R. Pluske, Bruce P. Mullan, Jae Cheol Kim, David J. Hampson Feb 2023

Differential Impacts Of Cereal And Protein Sources Fed To Pigs After Weaning On Diarrhoea And Faecal Shedding Of Escherichia Coli, Production, And Total Tract Apparent Digestibility, John R. Pluske, Bruce P. Mullan, Jae Cheol Kim, David J. Hampson

Animal production and livestock research articles

Different cereal types, in combination with different protein sources, are fed to pigs after weaning, but their interactions and possible implications are not well researched. In this study, 84 male weaned piglets were used in a 21-day feeding trial to investigate the effects of feeding either medium-grain or long-grain extruded rice or wheat, in a factorial combination with protein sources of either vegetable or animal origin, on postweaning performance, shedding of β–haemolytic Escherichia coli, and the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD). Pigs fed either rice type performed the same (p > 0.05) as wheat-fed pigs after weaning. The use …

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Evaluating Metabolic And Genomic Data For Predicting Grain Traits Under High Night Temperature Stress In Rice, Ye Bi, Rafael Massahiro Yassue, Puneet Paul, Balpreet Kaur Dhatt, Jaspreet Sandhu, Phuc Thi Do, Harkamal Walia, Toshihiro Obata, Gota Morota Feb 2023

Evaluating Metabolic And Genomic Data For Predicting Grain Traits Under High Night Temperature Stress In Rice, Ye Bi, Rafael Massahiro Yassue, Puneet Paul, Balpreet Kaur Dhatt, Jaspreet Sandhu, Phuc Thi Do, Harkamal Walia, Toshihiro Obata, Gota Morota

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The asymmetric increase in average nighttime temperatures relative to increase in average daytime temperatures due to climate change is decreasing grain yield and quality in rice. Therefore, a better genome-level understanding of the impact of higher night temperature stress on the weight of individual grains is essential for future development of more resilient rice. We investigated the utility of metabolites obtained from grains to classify high night temperature (HNT) conditions of genotypes, and metabolites and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to predict grain length, width, and perimeter phenotypes using a rice diversity panel. We found that the metabolic profiles of rice genotypes …

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Parasitoid Wasps Of The Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug In Utah, Zachary R. Schumm, Kate V. Richardson, Mark Cody Holthouse, Yota Mizuno, Diane G. Alston, Lori R. Spears Feb 2023

Parasitoid Wasps Of The Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug In Utah, Zachary R. Schumm, Kate V. Richardson, Mark Cody Holthouse, Yota Mizuno, Diane G. Alston, Lori R. Spears

All Current Publications

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB, Halyomorpha halys Stål), an invasive insect from eastern Asia, is causing nuisance problems and agricultural damage in northern Utah. Insecticide applications to control this pest are not sustainable, and therefore the focus is on biological control through the use of parasitoid wasps that sting and kill stink bug eggs. Surveys are underway in Utah to search for Samurai wasp (Trissolcus Japonicus [Ashmead]), a parasitoid wasp native to BMSB’s home range that has been found in 12 U.S. States, and is highly effective at killing BMSB eggs. While Samurai wasp has not been found, …

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Data On Data: An Analysis Of Data Usage And Analytics In The Agricultural Supply Chain, Lourival Carmo Monaco Neto, Brady Brewer, Allan Gray Feb 2023

Data On Data: An Analysis Of Data Usage And Analytics In The Agricultural Supply Chain, Lourival Carmo Monaco Neto, Brady Brewer, Allan Gray

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

The amount of data being collected throughout the agricultural supply chain has increased in both volume and velocity. All signs indicate that this will only increase as data collection technologies become more cost effective and prevalent throughout the supply chain. Previous work in this area has focused on data collection at the farm level. Our study focuses on data that originates at five different stages of the agricultural supply chain off the farm and how these stages view their firm's data collection and analysis efforts. We find that there is heterogeneity in the data collection efforts and analysis across the …

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Alfalfa In Rotation With Annual Crops Reduced Nitrate Leaching Potential, Arshdeep Singh, Tahseen Afzal, Bryan Woodbury, Charles Wortmann, Javed Iqbal Feb 2023

Alfalfa In Rotation With Annual Crops Reduced Nitrate Leaching Potential, Arshdeep Singh, Tahseen Afzal, Bryan Woodbury, Charles Wortmann, Javed Iqbal

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Rotation of perennial alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with annual crops has the potential to reduce nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) in the vadose zone and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects on SOC, NO3-N, ammonium-N (NH4-N), and soil water in the 7.2 m depth with an alfalfa rotation compared with continuous corn (Zea mays L.). Soils from six pairs of alfalfa rotation versus continuous corn observation points were sampled to 7.2 m depth in 0.3 m increments. The uppermost 0.3 m was divided into …

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2022 Costs And Returns For Non-Irrigated Flax In Utah, Michael Pace, Jacob Hadfield, Ryan Feuz Feb 2023

2022 Costs And Returns For Non-Irrigated Flax In Utah, Michael Pace, Jacob Hadfield, Ryan Feuz

All Current Publications

Enterprise budgets are the building blocks of a farm or ranch. They represent estimates of income and expenses for a specific time period using a set of production practices and inputs for that enterprise. This fact sheet provides a budget with sample costs and returns to establish and produce non-irrigated flax in Utah. It is intended to be a guide used to estimate income and expenses, list inputs and production practices, and provide a framework for the whole farm plan. The sample budget lists production practices, inputs, and services for field operations.

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Phenotypic Variability For Root Traits In Andean Common Beans Grown With And Without Aluminum Stress Conditions, Daniel Ambachew, Abay Asfaw, Tennessee State University Feb 2023

Phenotypic Variability For Root Traits In Andean Common Beans Grown With And Without Aluminum Stress Conditions, Daniel Ambachew, Abay Asfaw, Tennessee State University

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Genetic variation in wild relatives, GenBank accessions, landraces, and cultivars can unlock key alleles for the traits of interest for breeding programs. Breeding programs often utilize different strategies to quantify the source of heritable variation for target traits. One neglected area of study is the root traits of diverse genotypes, and this is especially the case for aluminum toxicity effects on legumes such as the common bean, which is the most used pulse for direct human consumption. This study evaluated 267 genotypes of common bean that were part of the global Andean Diversity Panel (ADP), consisting mainly of genotypes assembled …

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Soybean Seed Protein Concentration Is Limited By Nitrogen Supply In Tropical And Subtropical Environments In Brazil, E. H. Figueiredo Moura Da Silva, N. Cafaro La Menza, G. G. Munareto, A. J. Zanon, Santos Carvalho, F. R. Marin Feb 2023

Soybean Seed Protein Concentration Is Limited By Nitrogen Supply In Tropical And Subtropical Environments In Brazil, E. H. Figueiredo Moura Da Silva, N. Cafaro La Menza, G. G. Munareto, A. J. Zanon, Santos Carvalho, F. R. Marin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean production contributes to ca. 60% of global plant-based protein used for food and feed. Brazil is the largest soybean producer and exporter, with 60% from tropical and 40% from subtropical environments. Nitrogen (N) can play an essential role in the storage of proteins in seeds; thus, it could be a key factor in increasing the quantity and quality of seeds in high-yielding soybean crops. Unlike in temperate environments, there is a gap of knowledge on whether soybean grown under tropical and subtropical climates are limited by N-fertilization to sustain the seed yield increase without detriments in seed protein concentration. …

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The Trade Impact Of Economic Integration Agreements, Byungyul Park, John C. Beghin Feb 2023

The Trade Impact Of Economic Integration Agreements, Byungyul Park, John C. Beghin

Cornhusker Economics

A year ago, Cornhusker Economics reported on the substantial trade integration that has been taking place globally in recent decades (see Beghin, 2022). With this proliferation of Economic Integration Agreements (EIAs) through regional and bilateral trade agreements and customs unions since the 1990s, many economists have investigated the effect of these agreements on merchandise trade. Early investigations struggled to find robust findings. They reached two opposite conclusions, with an eventual rejoinder on their limitations. Some investigations found statistically insignificant or negligible effects of EIAs on trade flows. Other investigations found significant effects, sometimes negative, of EIAs on trade. See Park …

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile Of Pathogenic And Commensal Bacteria Recovered From Cattle And Goat Farms, Winne Mukuna, Tobenna Aniume, Bharat Pokharel, Collins Khwatenge, Ashesh Basnet, Agnes Kilonzo-Nthenge Feb 2023

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile Of Pathogenic And Commensal Bacteria Recovered From Cattle And Goat Farms, Winne Mukuna, Tobenna Aniume, Bharat Pokharel, Collins Khwatenge, Ashesh Basnet, Agnes Kilonzo-Nthenge

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

The use of antibiotics in food animals results to antimicrobial resistant bacteria that complicates the ability to treat infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in soil, water, manure, and milk from cattle and goat farms. A total of 285 environmental and 81 milk samples were analyzed for Enterobacteriaceae by using biochemical and PCR techniques. Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. A total of 15 different Enterobacteriaceae species were identified from goat and cattle farms. Manure had significantly higher (p < 0.05) Enterobacteriaceae (52.0%) than soil (37.2%), trough water (5.4%), and runoff water (5.4%). There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in Enterobacteriaceae in goat milk (53.9%) and cow milk (46.2%). Enterobacteriaceae from environment showed 100% resistance to novobiocin, erythromycin, and vancomycin E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus spp., and Listeria monocytogenes displayed three, five, six, and ten. AMR patterns, respectively. NOV-TET-ERY-VAN was the most common phenotype observed in all isolates. Our study suggest that cattle and goat farms are reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Food animal producers should be informed on the prudent use of antimicrobials, good agricultural practices, and biosecurity measures.

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Combining Corn N Recommendation Tools For An Improved Economical Optimal Nitrogen Rate Estimation, Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabián G. Fernández, David W. Franzen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, David Brenton Myers, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan Feb 2023

Combining Corn N Recommendation Tools For An Improved Economical Optimal Nitrogen Rate Estimation, Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabián G. Fernández, David W. Franzen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, David Brenton Myers, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Improving corn (Zea mays L.) nitrogen (N) rate fertilizer recommendation tools can improve farmers’ profits and mitigate N pollution. Numerous approaches have been tested to improve these tools, but to date improvements for predicting economically optimum N rate (EONR) have been modest. This work’s objective was to use ensemble learning to improve our estimation of EONR (for a single at-planting and split N application timing) by combining multiple corn N recommendation tools. The evaluation was conducted using 49 corn N response trials from eight states in the US Corn Belt and three growing seasons (2014–2016). Elastic net and decision …

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De Novo Assembly And Comparative Analyses Of Mitochondrial Genomes In Piperales, Runxian Yu, Xudong Chen, Lingjie Long, Matthias Jost, Ran Zhao, Lumei Liu, Jeffrey P. Mower, Claude W. Depamphilis, Stefan Wanke, Yuannian Jiao Feb 2023

De Novo Assembly And Comparative Analyses Of Mitochondrial Genomes In Piperales, Runxian Yu, Xudong Chen, Lingjie Long, Matthias Jost, Ran Zhao, Lumei Liu, Jeffrey P. Mower, Claude W. Depamphilis, Stefan Wanke, Yuannian Jiao

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The mitochondrial genome of Liriodendron tulipifera exhibits many ancestral angiosperm features and a remarkably slow evolutionary rate, while mitochondrial genomes of other magnoliids remain yet to be characterized. We assembled nine new mitochondrial genomes, representing all genera of perianth-bearing Piperales, as well as for a member of the sister clade: three complete or nearly complete mitochondrial genomes from Aristolochiaceae and six additional draft assemblies including Thottea, Asaraceae, Lactoridaceae, and Hydnoraceae. For comparative purpose, a complete mitochondrial genome was assembled for Saururus, a member of the perianth-less Piperales. The average number of short repeats (50–99 bp) was much larger …

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Study On The Hypolipidemic Function Of Noni Wine, Li Xiao-Juan Feb 2023

Study On The Hypolipidemic Function Of Noni Wine, Li Xiao-Juan

Food and Machinery

Established a mouse model of hyperlipidemia. The male mice were divided into blank control group, low fat group and high fat group, and the low dose, medium dose, high dose of Noni wine. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), were measured after 90 days of feeding. The results showed that medium dose and high dose can effectively reduce the body weight or body weight gain of the obese mice, and the testis fat rate, renal fat rate or body fat rate decreased. The serum TC content, …

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Whole Genome Analysis And Molecular Traceability Study Of Salmonella In Fresh Livestock And Poultry Meat, Sheng Song, Han Gao, Li Yan, Kun-Peng Guo, Hai-Yun Zhang, Fang-Bin Wang Feb 2023

Whole Genome Analysis And Molecular Traceability Study Of Salmonella In Fresh Livestock And Poultry Meat, Sheng Song, Han Gao, Li Yan, Kun-Peng Guo, Hai-Yun Zhang, Fang-Bin Wang

Food and Machinery

In order to investigate the contamination status of Sal-monella in fresh pork and fresh chicken, and research its whole genome characteristics and molecular traceability, the laboratory randomly collected 24 fresh pork and 27 fresh chicken from the fresh market in Changsha, were inspected according to “National Food Safety Standard Food microbiological examination: Salmonella” GB 4789.4—2016. The results showed that in 24 randomly selected fresh pork, 20 samples were detected, with the detection rate of 83.3%; in 27 randomly selected fresh chicken, 20 samples were detected, and the detected rate is 74.1%; the total detection rate was 78.4%. The results …

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Design Of Spherical Type 360° Of Tea Stirring Machine, Flow Field Analysis And Experimental Analysis, Jun Yang, Mu-Hua Liu, Cheng-Zhi Ruan, Bo Zhang, Jiang-Hua Ye Feb 2023

Design Of Spherical Type 360° Of Tea Stirring Machine, Flow Field Analysis And Experimental Analysis, Jun Yang, Mu-Hua Liu, Cheng-Zhi Ruan, Bo Zhang, Jiang-Hua Ye

Food and Machinery

In order to solve the problem of uneven distribution of flow field in the working process of traditional cylindrical tea stirring machine, a new type of 360° spherical tea stirring machine is designed, and the structure of hot air conveying pipe of the tea stirring machine is optimized. The computational fluid dynamics software STAR-CCM+ is used to simulate the flow field of the spherical tank of the stirring machine. And the prototype is tested and verified. The results show that after the installation of annular guide plate on the air supply pipe of the 360° stirring machine, the temperature offset …

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Research On Process Optimization And Quality Of Intermittent Microwave-Hot Air Coupling Drying Peanut, Zheng-Zheng Ling, Guang-Yue Ren, Xu Duan, Lin-Lin Li, Li-Ping Ma, Tie-You Dong, Xin-Lin Li Feb 2023

Research On Process Optimization And Quality Of Intermittent Microwave-Hot Air Coupling Drying Peanut, Zheng-Zheng Ling, Guang-Yue Ren, Xu Duan, Lin-Lin Li, Li-Ping Ma, Tie-You Dong, Xin-Lin Li

Food and Machinery

In order to explore the optimal process parameters of intermittent microwave-hot air coupled peanut drying, the optimal process parameters of peanut intermittent microwave-hot air coupled drying were determined using the response surface optimization analysis method. The comprehensive score of peanut drying rate and drying energy efficiency as response values. The optimal conditions were as followed: hot air temperature 45 ℃, microwave intensity 1.25 W/g, microwave intermittent ratio 1.10. Under these conditions, it was verified that the peanut intermittent microwave-hot air coupling drying rate was 0.517 g/min, the energy efficiency was 0.433 MJ/g, the comprehensive drying score was 0.710, and the …

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Experimental Investigation Of Dehumidification Characteristics Of Closed Drying System With Heat Pump, Wen-Liang Zeng, Bo-Ling Chen, Xuan Chen, Xue-Fei Jie Feb 2023

Experimental Investigation Of Dehumidification Characteristics Of Closed Drying System With Heat Pump, Wen-Liang Zeng, Bo-Ling Chen, Xuan Chen, Xue-Fei Jie

Food and Machinery

It was studied the performance characteristics such as specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) of closed heat pump drying system with the condition of different air mass-flow-rate, relative humidity and with or without heat pipe. The results showed that the effects of heat pipe on SMER of closed heat pump drying system were very significant, and the application of heat pipe could enhance the system SMER by 20%~200% under test conditions. Under the condition of the constant temperature and constant relative humidity, the SMER of the system had a maximum value while the air mass-flow-rate was between 0.2~0.4 kg/s. With constant …

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Evaluation Of The Brewing Effect Of Ultrafine Green Tea Powder By Simulated In Vitro Digestion, Yao Zhou, Hua-Rong Tong Feb 2023

Evaluation Of The Brewing Effect Of Ultrafine Green Tea Powder By Simulated In Vitro Digestion, Yao Zhou, Hua-Rong Tong

Food and Machinery

The release of various substances before and after in vitro di-gestion of ultrafine green tea powder was measured.The results showed that the release of free amino acids, total phenols, total flavones and most catechins declined during the in vitro digestion of ultrafine green tea powder; caffeine remained un-changed; The release of soluble protein, gallic acid, catechin gallate, gal-locatechin, gallocatechin gallate, and isoquercetin increased. The non-extractable polyphenols were released. Brewing and drinking ultrafine green tea powder are beneficial to improve the comprehensive utilization of tea by the human body.

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Research Progress On Microorganism Of Dry Cured Ham, Ming Ju, Xin Liu, Guan-Hao Li, Qian-Kun Zheng, Min Li, Chun-Xiang Piao, Ming-Xun Cui Feb 2023

Research Progress On Microorganism Of Dry Cured Ham, Ming Ju, Xin Liu, Guan-Hao Li, Qian-Kun Zheng, Min Li, Chun-Xiang Piao, Ming-Xun Cui

Food and Machinery

This paper summarized the research status of microorganisms in dry cured ham, summarized the influence of yeast, mold and bacteria on the microbial diversity of ham, elaborated the influence of mycotoxins, pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria on the safety of ham, and prospected the development direction of dry cured ham fermentation industry.

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Risk Assessment And Regulation Of Bacteriophage As A New Food Antimicrobial Agent, Lin Wei, Juan-Juan Sun Feb 2023

Risk Assessment And Regulation Of Bacteriophage As A New Food Antimicrobial Agent, Lin Wei, Juan-Juan Sun

Food and Machinery

Based on the theory of modern risk regulation and the existing research results at home and abroad, this paper discusses the bacteriophage as a kind of food antimicrobial agent from the perspective of risk assessment and risk regulation. In previous studies on risk assessment, no obvious adverse effects and side effects of phages on the environment, animals and human body were found. As an antibacterial agent, bacteriophage has shown good antibacterial effects in fruits and vegetables, meat, dairy products and seafood, with a very broad application prospect. However, while complying with the application research trend of bacteriophage food antimicrobial agents, …

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Research Progress Of Change Rules In Freezing Denaturation Of Surimi Protein And Its Regulatory Methods, Yu Lu-Han, Chen Xu, Cai Xi-Xi, Du Ming, Wu Jin-Hong, Huang Jian-Lian, Wang Shao-Yun Feb 2023

Research Progress Of Change Rules In Freezing Denaturation Of Surimi Protein And Its Regulatory Methods, Yu Lu-Han, Chen Xu, Cai Xi-Xi, Du Ming, Wu Jin-Hong, Huang Jian-Lian, Wang Shao-Yun

Food and Machinery

The change rule of main indexes of frozen surimi was introduced, and the influencing factors of surimi protein denaturation were briefly analyzed and discussed. Moreover, the regulation methods of surimi protein in antifreeze were reviewed.

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Effect Of Ultrasonic Pretreatment On Water Migration Of Apricot Slices During Microwave Freeze-Drying, Jin Li-Wei, Ren Guang-Yue, Duan Xu, Zhang Ying-Min, Qu Zhan-Ping, Li Xin-Lin Feb 2023

Effect Of Ultrasonic Pretreatment On Water Migration Of Apricot Slices During Microwave Freeze-Drying, Jin Li-Wei, Ren Guang-Yue, Duan Xu, Zhang Ying-Min, Qu Zhan-Ping, Li Xin-Lin

Food and Machinery

To explore the drying characteristics and moisture migration and diffusion characteristics of apricot slices in the microwave freeze-drying process of ultrasonic pretreatment, microwave vacuum-freeze drying technology was selected, and the transverse relaxation time T2 inversion spectra of apricot slices during MFD drying under different ultrasonic pretreatment conditions were measured by low field nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment had a great influence on the drying rate of apricot slices in the early stage of MFD. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the best ultrasonic treatment condition for internal structure was 350 W, 35 ℃, 15 min, and it …

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Study On Hot-Air Drying Characteristics And Kinetics Model Of Astragalus Slice, Zhang Ji, Peng Gui-Lan, Zhang Xue-Feng, Zhang Hong-Tu, Zhang Xin, Yang Ling Feb 2023

Study On Hot-Air Drying Characteristics And Kinetics Model Of Astragalus Slice, Zhang Ji, Peng Gui-Lan, Zhang Xue-Feng, Zhang Hong-Tu, Zhang Xin, Yang Ling

Food and Machinery

This study aims to investigate the hot air drying characteristics of Astragalus slices, and the kinetics of the drying process. The hot air drying experiment was conducted with hot air temperature, air velocity and slice thickness as experimental factors. The hot air temperatures are 40, 50 and 60 ℃ with the air velocities of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 m/s, and slice thicknesses are 3, 6 and 9 mm, respectively. The effects of them on the hot air drying curves, effective moisture diffusivity coefficient, rehydration performance and color difference of Astragalus slices were investigated respectively. The Weibull distribution was used to …

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Comparative Analysis Of Nutrient Quality And Polyphenol Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Different Colored Quinoa, Zhao Meng-Meng, Yang Xi-Juan, Dang Bin, Zhang Jie, Zhang Wen-Gang Feb 2023

Comparative Analysis Of Nutrient Quality And Polyphenol Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Different Colored Quinoa, Zhao Meng-Meng, Yang Xi-Juan, Dang Bin, Zhang Jie, Zhang Wen-Gang

Food and Machinery

Differences of nutrient content, polyphenol profile and antioxidant activity of quinoa were explored from different grains quinoa of Qingbaili 1 (white grain), Gongza 4 (red grain) and Qingli 2 (black grain). Results showed that there were significant differences in nutritional quality among the three kinds of quinoa (P＜0.05), among them, crude protein content of white quinoa, fat and starch content of red quinoa, and crude fiber, ash and total amino acid content of black quinoa was the highest, respectively. Main type of quinoa pholyphenols was free form and their contents were significantly different (P＜0.05), with the contents of free phenol …

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Analysis Of Nutrients And Bioactive Compounds In Fruits Of Psidium Guajava L. Cv. Pearl, Peng Yan, Zhang Min, Cui Xiao-Li, Zhang Shi-Feng, Tang Ting Feb 2023

Analysis Of Nutrients And Bioactive Compounds In Fruits Of Psidium Guajava L. Cv. Pearl, Peng Yan, Zhang Min, Cui Xiao-Li, Zhang Shi-Feng, Tang Ting

Food and Machinery

The nutrients and bioactive compounds in fruits of Psidium guajava L. cv. Pearl, collected from Hechun town in Zhanjiang, were measured and determined in order to lay the foundation for the further development and utilization of this species. Results showed that the contents of moisture, crude fats, crude fiber, total carbohydrates, fructose, glucose, sucrose and citric acid in fresh fruits of P. guajava L. cv. Pearl were (88.98±0.04) g/100 g, (0.11±0.01) g/100 g, (2.27±0.01) g/100 g, (5.78±0.02) g/100 g, (22.00±0.20) mg/g, (22.05±0.25) mg/g, (12.45±0.15) mg/g, and (1.68±0.02), respectively. The content of crude protein was (0.78±0.01) g/100 g, and 16 kinds …

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Effect Of Short-Term Intake Of High Edible Oil On Viscera Coefficient And Gastrointestinal Motility In Mice, Zheng Tao, He Yun-Shan Feb 2023

Effect Of Short-Term Intake Of High Edible Oil On Viscera Coefficient And Gastrointestinal Motility In Mice, Zheng Tao, He Yun-Shan

Food and Machinery

To study the effect of short-term intake of high edible oil on the viscera coefficient and gastrointestinal motility in mice and providing the basis for rational dietary oil, 10 SPF KM mice were randomly divided into the control group and the edible oil group. The mice in the edible oil group were given edible oil twice a day, 0.3 mL each time, according to 20 mL/(kg·d) and mace in the control group were given equal amounts of distilled water for 13 days. The viscera coefficient and gastrointestinal motility of mice were compared. It was found that the dietary amount of …

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