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Full-Text Articles in Agriculture

Molluscs From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 385–388), Inbar Ktalav Jan 2025

Molluscs From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 385–388), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

A total of 209 malacological remains were retrieved from the Magen Avraham Compound. The assemblage includes mostly local Mediterranean shells, as well as Indo-Pacific bivalves. Some imported specimens were brought from Europe as raw material for local crafts manufacture; one worked gastropod shell may have been used as an ornament.

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Human Skeletal Remains From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 375–378), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

Human Skeletal Remains From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 375–378), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

Human skeletal remains of at least ten adult individuals were found in the Magen Avraham Compound. Some of the bones were found scattered, while others were anatomically articulated, indicating primary burials, possibly in simple pit graves. The graves’ layout could not be traced, and no burial goods were retrieved; therefore, the dating of the finds is problematic.

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Miscellaneous Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 363–372), Yoav Arbel Jan 2025

Miscellaneous Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 363–372), Yoav Arbel

'Atiqot

The excavation in the Magen Avraham Compound yielded a small collection of miscellaneous finds, most of which date to the Ottoman–British Mandate periods. The assemblage largely comprises inexpensive items of daily use and of modest value. This is in accordance with the site’s location during these periods, i.e., in the agricultural hinterland of the city.

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Military Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 373–374), Alexander Glick Jan 2025

Military Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 373–374), Alexander Glick

'Atiqot

Three cannon balls and three cases of light ammunition were retrieved from strata dated to the late Ottoman–British Mandate periods in the Magen Avraham Compound. The cannon balls date from the first half of the nineteenth century CE, and the three rifle ammunition cases, from World War I.

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The Coins From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 355–362), Robert Kool Jan 2025

The Coins From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 355–362), Robert Kool

'Atiqot

A total of 45 coins were unearthed in the Magen Avraham Compound, 34 of which were identified. The coins date from the Early Roman (first century CE), Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Ayyubid and Mamluk, Ottoman and British Mandate periods. These finds represent the typical repertoire of coins that have previously been found in Yafo.

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Ottoman-Period Ceramic Artifacts From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 293–347), Anna De Vincenz Jan 2025

Ottoman-Period Ceramic Artifacts From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 293–347), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

The pottery from the Magen Avraham Compound was found in stratified contexts of the Ottoman period, as well as in topsoil and mixed contexts. It includes imported earthenware glazed vessels from production centers in different parts of the Ottoman Empire, hard-paste and porcelain vessels from Europe and locally produced vessels, such as Black Gaza Ware. The assemblage also includes other ceramic artifacts, such as smoking pipes, Marseille roof and floor tiles, wall tiles and bricks. The prevalence of imported artifacts is characteristic of Ottoman-period Yafo, reflecting the growing presence of European pilgrims and Jewish immigrants between the seventeenth and early …

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Glass Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 349–353), Brigitte Ouahnouna Jan 2025

Glass Finds From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 349–353), Brigitte Ouahnouna

'Atiqot

The excavation in the Magen Avraham Compound yielded imported and locally produced glass, including mainly bottles and bracelets, from the late Ottoman–British Mandate periods (end of nineteenth–first half of twentieth centuries). Also found were very small glass fragments dating from the late Byzantine and Early Islamic periods, and six blue-colored beads of unknown date.

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Amphora Stamps From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 289–291), Gerald Finkielsztejn Jan 2025

Amphora Stamps From The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 289–291), Gerald Finkielsztejn

'Atiqot

Three stamped handles of Rhodian amphorae were retrieved from the Magen Avraham Compound: two were found in soil accumulations below a late Ottoman-period footpath, and the third, in a late-Ottoman–British Mandate-period context.

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Pottery Vessels And An Oil Lamp From The Persian, Hellenistic And Early Roman Periods In The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 279–287), Peter Gendelman Jan 2025

Pottery Vessels And An Oil Lamp From The Persian, Hellenistic And Early Roman Periods In The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 279–287), Peter Gendelman

'Atiqot

A small amount of pottery from the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman periods was retrieved from mixed contexts in the Magen Avraham Compound. The pottery and oil lamp ascribed to the Early Roman period provide a glimpse into a period which is generally poorly represented at Yafo, perhaps attesting to a Jewish settlement in Yafo prior to the First Jewish Revolt. The pottery assemblage of the Mid- and Late Roman periods consisted almost exclusively of imported amphorae, reflecting Yafo’s engagement in Mediterranean trade.

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Remains From The Hellenistic Through The Late Ottoman–British Mandate Periods In The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 245–277), Yoav Arbel, Lior Rauchberger Jan 2025

Remains From The Hellenistic Through The Late Ottoman–British Mandate Periods In The Magen Avraham Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 245–277), Yoav Arbel, Lior Rauchberger

'Atiqot

The excavation in the Magen Avraham Compound exposed the remains of Yafo’s agricultural hinterland during the Hellenistic, Byzantine and Crusader periods. Seven strata were exposed, including a single Hellenistic-period wall, a Byzantine-period industrial (wine?) press of unusual size, Ottoman-period graves, a large late Ottoman-period well house and an irrigation channel. Most of the pottery found in fill accumulations throughout the compound dated to the Byzantine period, including mainly storage jars. Small ceramic assemblages from the Hellenistic, Roman, Early Islamic and Crusader periods, mostly unrelated to structures, were also found. The structures uncovered here furnish important insights regarding the historical development …

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Faunal Remains From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–48*; English Summary, P. 539), Nuha Agha Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 45*–48*; English Summary, P. 539), Nuha Agha

'Atiqot

The bone assemblage includes 94 animal bones, which were identified by taxon, species and size range. Most of the identified bones were discovered in installations and buildings dated to the Abbasid period. Other bones were retrieved from installations dated to the Persian, Late Roman and Crusader periods. The bone assemblage of the Abbasid period is particularly rich and comprises the remains of sheep/goats, pigs, cats, equids and mountain gazelle. The birds include chicken, rock partridge and gull. Three fish bones and a scale of a tortoise shell were also found.

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Molluscs From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 243–244), Inbar Ktalav Jan 2025

Molluscs From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 243–244), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

A total of 27 malacological remains were retrieved from the excavation within the French Hospital Compound, including common marine shells from the Mediterranean Sea. The finds were uncovered within loci dated to the Late Roman and Abbasid periods. Some of the shells from the Late Roman period might have been used as ornaments, while most of them were probably consumed as food.

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The Persian-Period Necropolis In The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa): Case Study And Overview (Pp. 225–242), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

The Persian-Period Necropolis In The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa): Case Study And Overview (Pp. 225–242), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

The human skeletal remains retrieved from the Persian-period (fifth–fourth centuries BCE) burial caves in the French Hospital Compound represent at least 37 individuals. The anthropological examination yielded important data concerning the demographic profile of the interred, comprising infants, children and adults of a wide age range and of both sexes, which is typical of a civilian population. Some of the tombs were used for a single burial, while others housed 2–8 individuals. All the individuals were placed on their backs, in an east–west orientation, as customary in other Persian-period cemeteries along the Israeli coastline and northern valleys. These burial practices …

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A Greek Inscription From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 221–224), Leah Di Segni Jan 2025

A Greek Inscription From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 221–224), Leah Di Segni

'Atiqot

A mosaic inscription was found in the French Hospital Compound, set within a round medallion. The inscription is rendered in three lines of black tesserae on a white background and below the lines, an ivy leaf in black tesserae. It is a funerary inscription meant as a blessing to the deceased and farewell from the living. Based on the absence of Christian symbols, the inscription was dated to the early Byzantine period (fourth century CE).

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The Metal Objects From The Cemetery At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 41*–43*; English Summary, P. 538), Kamil Sari Jan 2025

The Metal Objects From The Cemetery At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 41*–43*; English Summary, P. 538), Kamil Sari

'Atiqot

The excavation within the French Hospital Compound yielded 14 metal artifacts, some of which are pieces of jewelry and others, domestic items. Some of the items were found in tombs, while others were retrieved from installations. Among the finds were bronze bracelets, bronze and iron rings, bronze and iron nails and a bronze spatula.

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Glass Vessels From The Roman, Byzantine And Abbasid Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 211–220), Brigitte Ouahnouna Jan 2025

Glass Vessels From The Roman, Byzantine And Abbasid Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 211–220), Brigitte Ouahnouna

'Atiqot

About 110 glass fragments were recovered from the burials within the French Hospital Compound, half of which were identified and attributed to three main periods: Roman, Byzantine and Abbasid. The finds primarily consist of bowls and bottles, plain or decorated, contributing to the heretofore known glass-vessel repertoire of Yafo. Only one candlestick-type bottle was attributed to the Roman period. The vessels from the Byzantine period were well-preserved and included an uncommon mold-blown decorated bottle. The vessels from the Abbasid period belong to types well-known in the eastern Mediterranean during this period.

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Early Islamic, Crusader And Mamluk-Period Pottery From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 29*–37*; English Summary, P. 536), Hagit Torge Jan 2025

Early Islamic, Crusader And Mamluk-Period Pottery From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 29*–37*; English Summary, P. 536), Hagit Torge

'Atiqot

The finds within the French Hospital Compound included potsherds dating from the Umayyad to the Mamluk periods. The Umayyad-period finds include an Egyptian Red Slip Ware bowl. From the Abbasid period (eighth–eleventh centuries CE), roughly made basins, bowls, a cooking pot, jars, jugs and a fragment of a late Fine Byzantine Ware cup were found, alongside special items, such as a pomegranate-shaped container and a zoomorphic vessel. The Crusader and Mamluk periods are represented by bowls, dating from the second half of the twelfth century to the thirteenth century CE, and a jug dating from the late twelfth century–late fourteenth …

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Remains Of An Arabic Inscription On A Vessel From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 39*–40*; English Summary, P. 537), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss Jan 2025

Remains Of An Arabic Inscription On A Vessel From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 39*–40*; English Summary, P. 537), Nitzan Amitai-Preiss

'Atiqot

Three fragments of a jug bearing traces of an Arabic inscription were recovered from the French Hospital Compound. Based on the script, the vessel dates to the late ninth–early tenth centuries CE. The inscription seems to imply that the jug had contained medicine, probably purchased from the pharmacy in powdered form as a remedy for headache, indigestion or shivers accompanying a fever.

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Pottery Vessels And Stone Artifacts From The Persian, Roman And Byzantine Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 157–188), Peter Gendelman Jan 2025

Pottery Vessels And Stone Artifacts From The Persian, Roman And Byzantine Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 157–188), Peter Gendelman

'Atiqot

The excavations within the French Hospital Compound revealed pottery and stone finds originating in burials dating to the Persian, Roman and Byzantine periods. The Persian-period (mid-fifth to mid/late fourth century BCE) burial goods comprised mainly perfume containers (juglets and bottles) and storage vessels (local and imported amphorae), in accordance with the burial customs practiced in contemporary burials along the coastal plain of Israel, mainly inhabited by Phoenicians. The finds from the Roman period (early second to the fourth or early fifth century CE) present a wide range of pottery types, including imported table wares, amphorae, large bowls, mortaria, diverse types …

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Byzantine And Early Islamic Oil Lamps And A Lantern From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 189–209), Peter Gendelman, Ayelet Dayan Jan 2025

Byzantine And Early Islamic Oil Lamps And A Lantern From The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 189–209), Peter Gendelman, Ayelet Dayan

'Atiqot

Excavations within the French Hospital Compound provided a large quantity of both complete and fragmentary oil lamps dating from the Byzantine period (fifth–seventh centuries CE) and an additional group of lamps dating from the Early Islamic period (Abbasid period; eighth–tenth centuries CE). The Byzantine-period oil lamps included local, regional and imported types. The largest group of Byzantine-period oil lamps belong to Caesarea Type 1 (archetype and two variants) and are decorated with diverse patterns. The second-most common group of Byzantine-period oil lamps is the Candlestick type. The rich variety of both regional and imported oil lamps reflects the role of …

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A Cemetery From The Persian Period And Remains From The Late Roman, Byzantine, Abbasid And Crusader Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–27*; English Summary, Pp. 533–535), Ayelet Dayan, Yossi Levy, Galit Samora-Cohen Jan 2025

A Cemetery From The Persian Period And Remains From The Late Roman, Byzantine, Abbasid And Crusader Periods At The French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–27*; English Summary, Pp. 533–535), Ayelet Dayan, Yossi Levy, Galit Samora-Cohen

'Atiqot

Excavations in the French Hospital compound uncovered built tombs and burial caves, architectural remains, built installations and rock cuttings from the Persian, Late Roman, Byzantine, Abbasid and Crusader periods. The Persian-period burial caves were hewn in the kurkar bedrock, with vertical shaft entrances. Intact pottery vessels comprised mainly juglets and oil lamps dating from the mid-fifth to the mid-fourth century BCE. Burial in the Persian period was apparently familial, and the burial practices resemble those observed in the Phoenician burials located along the Israeli coast. Remains dating from the Late Roman period consist of a rock-cut tomb, an installation and …

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The Zooarchaeological Assemblage From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 147–151), Moshe Sade Jan 2025

The Zooarchaeological Assemblage From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 147–151), Moshe Sade

'Atiqot

The faunal remains recovered from Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street include horse (Equus caballus), probably of a late Ottoman date. Limited remains of other animal bones were associated with the Hellenistic, Byzantine and Crusader periods.

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The Molluscs From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 153–155), Inbar Ktalav Jan 2025

The Molluscs From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 153–155), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

This report discusses the 232 malacological remains from the excavations on Me-Raguza Street, including Mediterranean shells, land snails and a fragment of Chambardia rubens from the Nile River, as well as three mother-of-pearl buttons.

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Artillery Shots From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 143–146), Alexander Glick Jan 2025

Artillery Shots From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 143–146), Alexander Glick

'Atiqot

Twelve intact and fragmentary cannon balls were discovered in the excavation on Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, representing a wide range of guns, from small to very large types, and dating from the post-Napoleonic era (first half of the nineteenth century). This assemblage seems to be indicative of guns that belonged to the Ottoman army, which is known to have purchased artillery from a wide variety of sources, including some of domestic production and military booty. This findspot, which was apparently bombarded from the fort, would have been an excellent spot for setting up besieging forces.

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The Glass Finds From The Roman And Crusader Periods On Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 133–138), Brigitte Ouahnouna Jan 2025

The Glass Finds From The Roman And Crusader Periods On Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 133–138), Brigitte Ouahnouna

'Atiqot

The glass finds from Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street comprise two principal groups: three intact candlestick bottles found in a Roman-period grave, and four Crusader-period colorless glass fragments found in association with Crusader-period potsherds. Three light greenish glass chunks of raw glass were also recovered; they were intended for melting in a glassmaker’s furnace.

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The Coins From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 139–142), Robert Kool Jan 2025

The Coins From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 139–142), Robert Kool

'Atiqot

A total of 30 coins were unearthed on Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, 16 of which were identified. The coins date to the Hellenistic (third century BCE), Roman–Byzantine, late Ottoman (late eighteenth–early twentieth centuries) and British Mandate (1942) periods. These coin finds join the more than 2500 coins recovered by excavation in Yafo, reflecting the city’s long and multi-layered history.

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The Crusader-Period Pottery From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 121–132), Edna J. Stern Jan 2025

The Crusader-Period Pottery From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 121–132), Edna J. Stern

'Atiqot

The Crusader-period ceramic types uncovered on Me-Raguza Street comprise mostly imported glazed table wares dating to the twelfth and thirteenth centuries CE, and cooking wares. The pottery types are presented according to production regions, arranged in geographical order and based primarily on the existing Crusader-period pottery typologies from ‘Akko. The local types described in this study may have been produced in ‘Akko and Beirut and brought to Yafo by sea.

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Unstamped And Stamped Amphora Fragments From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 65–74), Gerald Finkielsztejn Jan 2025

Unstamped And Stamped Amphora Fragments From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 65–74), Gerald Finkielsztejn

'Atiqot

The Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street excavations yielded 28 fragments of imported amphorae. The unstamped fragments originated in the Northern Aegean, Chios, the Southeastern Aegean, Rhodes, Kos, Ephesos and the Levant; they range in date from the fourth century BCE to the first half of the first century CE. The stamped Rhodian amphorae range in date from c. 220 to 145/120 BCE, with some gaps.

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Byzantine- And Ottoman-Period Pottery Assemblages From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 75–119), Anna De Vincenz Jan 2025

Byzantine- And Ottoman-Period Pottery Assemblages From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 75–119), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

The excavations on Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street yielded mostly Ottoman-period material, alongside a fair amount of Byzantine-period ceramics. The finds from the Byzantine period (sixth–eighth centuries CE) include imported vessels from North Africa, Phocaea and Cyprus, and locally produced basins and storage jars. The late Ottoman-period material is varied and includes both imported and local wares—porcelain, hard-paste, glazed earthenware, Black Gaza Ware and Coarse Ware—as well as construction material such as roof tiles, floor tiles and bricks. The Ottoman-period material was imported from Turkey and Greece, as well as from Italy and France. Hard-paste and porcelain vessels were usually imported …

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Hellenistic- And Early Roman-Period Pottery From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 53–64), Peter Gendelman Jan 2025

Hellenistic- And Early Roman-Period Pottery From Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street, Yafo (Jaffa) (Pp. 53–64), Peter Gendelman

'Atiqot

The pottery retrieved from the excavations on Rabbi Yehuda Me-Raguza Street included sherds dated to the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods, providing testimony to the earliest urban occupation of Yafo’s Lower City. The Hellenistic assemblage consists of Fine Table Wares, almost exclusively Eastern Mediterranean imports, household and cooking wares, and local and regionally produced containers. The finds from the Early Roman period included only a handful of fragmentary vessels.

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