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Articles 1 - 30 of 2840
Full-Text Articles in Aviation
Notes For The Contributors, Space & Defense
The Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence In A New Era Of Great Power Competition, The 66th Annual Academy Assembly
The Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence In A New Era Of Great Power Competition, The 66th Annual Academy Assembly
Space and Defense
The 66th annual Academy Assembly brought together twenty-seven student delegates from civilian institutions and sister military service academies to discuss urgent issues in national affairs. This national student congress was held during March 3-5, 2026 and produced the following committee reports.
Critical Strategic Deterrence Questions For Today, Keith B. Payne
Critical Strategic Deterrence Questions For Today, Keith B. Payne
Space and Defense
r. Payne visited the U.S. Air Force Academy to offer keynote remarks at a national student congress, the 66th Academy Assembly, held during March 3-5,2026 and dedicated to the topic of the Global Chessboard: Strategic Deterrence in a New Era of Great Power Competition. Dr. Payne is co-founder of the National Institute for Public Policy, former Department Head at the Graduate School of Defense and Strategic Studies, Missouri State University, a former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, and former Senior Advisor to the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He has authored or co-authored over 230 published articles and 50 …
Death Of Battlefield Hide-And-Seek, Lily Cheatham
Death Of Battlefield Hide-And-Seek, Lily Cheatham
Space and Defense
For the past twenty years, the stealth regime defined military thinking, prioritizing technologies and tactics designed to evade enemy defense systems. Ensuring radar invisibility and maintaining information dominance have been the keys to survival and strategic advantage. On June 21-22, 2025, the United States conducted "Operation Midnight Hammer" against Iranian nuclear facilities at Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan. The principal strike package included seven B-2 Spirit stealth bombers, whose crews flew approximately 18 hours to reach the target area and roughly 36 hours and 13,000 miles round trip. The B-2s dropped 14 GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrators on Fordow and Natanz, marking …
The Baltic Bear Trap Wargame, Connor Crookham
The Baltic Bear Trap Wargame, Connor Crookham
Space and Defense
Modern military education increasingly relies on experiential tools that allow students to explore the complexity of contemporary conflict in ways that lectures and readings alone cannot achieve. Nowhere is this more evident than in the emerging emphasis on multi-domain operations, integrated deterrence, and the blurred boundaries between competition and armed conflict. The Baltic Bear Trap wargame was developed as a student design project to meet this instructional need, offering a structured environment in which players must think, plan, and act as operational-level decision makers confronting a deteriorating security situation in the Nordic–Baltic region. Built for use at the Swedish Defense …
A Cislunar Economic Forecast Under Public-Private Partnership, Naisha Chirag Naik
A Cislunar Economic Forecast Under Public-Private Partnership, Naisha Chirag Naik
Space and Defense
Cislunar space, spanning Earth’s orbit to the Moon, has emerged as a new frontier due to its strategic, scientific, and economic potential, with growing involvement from global powers, governments, and private entities diversifying the market. Unlike the first lunar space race, which saw a spike in activity amongst two countries followed by “silence,” the current cislunar era is hallmarked by a growing mix of public agencies, private companies, and international actors seeking to gain a foothold in what could be the foundation for a long-term space economy. While cislunar space was historically only an interest for superpowers, recent years have …
Autonomous Navigation In Cislunar Satellites, Heith Johnson
Autonomous Navigation In Cislunar Satellites, Heith Johnson
Space and Defense
Cislunar space—the region between Earth’s geosynchronous orbit (about 36,000 kilometers from Earth) and the Moon (roughly 384,000 kilometers away)—is becoming a critical frontier for future space exploration and commercialization.1 This zone includes the Moon’s orbit, transfer orbits, and the Earth-Moon Lagrange points. Additionally, as more nations and corporations launch lunar missions and establish long-term infrastructure, cislunar space is increasingly becoming a strategic focus for exploration, logistics, and transportation.
Planetary Defense As The Ethico-Legal Gateway For International Space Security, Evie Kendal
Planetary Defense As The Ethico-Legal Gateway For International Space Security, Evie Kendal
Space and Defense
Following the news in late 2024 that there was a city-killer asteroid on a possible collision course with Earth, many members of the public were shocked to learn there was no reliable global plan for managing such asteroidal and cometary impact hazards. While calculations of Asteroid 2024 YR4’s trajectory were further refined to exclude the previously reported 2-3% chance of collision in 2032, this event highlighted a major security threat: the lack of a globally coordinated, appropriately resourced, and politically supported planetary defense strategy (Gibney, 2025). In so doing, it also provided an opportunity for security experts to consider the …
Space-Based Missile Defense With Early Interceptor Launch Strategies, William Priedhorsky, James Wells
Space-Based Missile Defense With Early Interceptor Launch Strategies, William Priedhorsky, James Wells
Space and Defense
There is renewed interest in space-based boost-phase intercept (SBPI) for missile defense against ICBMs of near-peer adversaries. We discuss SBPI in the context of other missile defense approaches, and address one of its challenges, which is the expense of fielding a large enough constellation of interceptors in space to counter even a small number of ICBMs. We develop an early-launch approach that could substantively reduce the required density of interceptors. Because every second matters in boost-phase defense, early launch of interceptors can significantly increase the reach of each interceptor. Early launch would require interceptors that have highly throttleable motors. Our …
Golden Dome: Seeking Space Security, Namrata Goswami
Golden Dome: Seeking Space Security, Namrata Goswami
Space and Defense
The “Golden Dome” initiative [formerly Iron Dome] was announced by President Donald Trump on January 27, 2025, signifying a transformative shift in global space security policy. It fundamentally questions long-standing assumptions about deterrence, national vulnerability to missile attacks, and the role of space in strategic defense. More importantly, it emerges at a moment of acute strategic transition: the erosion of Cold War arms control frameworks, the rapid advancement of hypersonic and orbital delivery systems, and the growing integration of space into warfighting doctrines. Launched via a presidential memorandum in January 2025, Golden Dome calls for a layered missile defense system …
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Editor's Note, Damon Coletta
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Editor's Note, Damon Coletta
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Table Of Contents, Space & Defense
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Table Of Contents, Space & Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Front Matter, Space & Defense
Space & Defense Vol. 17 No. 1 Front Matter, Space & Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Space & Defense Volume 17 Issue 1 Summer 2026 (Whole Issue), Space & Defense
Space & Defense Volume 17 Issue 1 Summer 2026 (Whole Issue), Space & Defense
Space and Defense
No abstract provided.
Prototype Ai Assistant For Private And Student Pilots, Shawn De La Osa
Prototype Ai Assistant For Private And Student Pilots, Shawn De La Osa
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This research explores AI-based decision support in light general aviation (e.g., Cessna 172, Diamond), where onboard hardware is typically too limited for modern AI. In aviation, AI has the potential to act as a “copilot” supporting planning, execution, and assessment, particularly since single pilots must simultaneously aviate, navigate, and communicate under high workload. However, although AI adoption is rapidly expanding, many implementations are introduced without fully incorporating human-centered design processes that account for pilot workflow and workload. We leverage a human factors process in this research. First, we design and evaluate a cloud-based AI copilot . The system leverages Starlink …
Artificial Intelligence Decision Support And Pilot Performance, Aarohi Srivastava
Artificial Intelligence Decision Support And Pilot Performance, Aarohi Srivastava
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into aviation decision support systems (DSS) introduces new opportunities for pilots. While these systems offer considerable benefits, ensuring safe and optimal human-AI interaction requires further research. In the case of student pilots, trust calibration, system transparency, and appropriate reliance are all factors that influence the operational success of an integrated AI system. The systems are designed with the goal of decreasing cognitive workload, increasing situational awareness (SA), and providing data-based recommendations to help the pilot make quick and accurate decisions. This study will evaluate the effects of disclosed vs undisclosed AI accuracy on student …
Flight Testing And System Identification Of An Experimental Cessna 182, Mariano Chavez Rangel
Flight Testing And System Identification Of An Experimental Cessna 182, Mariano Chavez Rangel
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Flight testing and system identification are essential for accurately characterizing aircraft dynamics and supporting the development of reliable flight control systems. This work presents the use of an experimental Cessna 182 as a full-scale platform for flight testing and system identification, conducted by the Eagle Flight Research Center. The objective is to generate high-fidelity flight data to estimate aerodynamic and dynamic coefficients and establish a baseline model for comparison with a sub-scale aircraft incorporating Integrated High-Lift Propulsor (IHLP) technology. The experimental aircraft is equipped with a comprehensive onboard instrumentation suite designed to capture synchronized measurements of air data, aircraft motion, …
Advancing Vtol Tail-Sitter Stability Through Modern Flight Control And System Identification, Tobey Cram, Jacob House, Alexander Theophanis
Advancing Vtol Tail-Sitter Stability Through Modern Flight Control And System Identification, Tobey Cram, Jacob House, Alexander Theophanis
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Title: Advancing VTOL Tail-Sitter Stability Through Modern Flight Control and System Identification The concept of tail-sitter aircraft can be traced back to Nikola Tesla nearly 100 years ago; however, no aircraft with this novel design materialized until nearly 20 years later during World War II, when efforts were made to reduce reliance on runways. One notable design that emerged during the Cold War was the Convair XFY-1 Pogo. This design failed for reasons common to many others of the time: pilots had extreme difficulty landing while looking over their shoulders, and the technology of the era could not reliably maintain …
Adaptive Health Monitoring For Runtime Safety Assurance Of Advanced Air Mobility Applications, Michael Budihartono, Francisco Bustamante, Gabriela Gavilanez
Adaptive Health Monitoring For Runtime Safety Assurance Of Advanced Air Mobility Applications, Michael Budihartono, Francisco Bustamante, Gabriela Gavilanez
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This work proposes a comprehensive, adaptive framework for abnormal condition detection and flight envelope prediction in complex systems. The approach integrates data reduction techniques, including principal component analysis and lower-dimensional projections, to efficiently distinguish between nominal and abnormal operational states while maintaining computational efficiency through metacognitive interventions. A hybrid detection architecture combines bio-inspired real-value negative selection algorithms with support vector machines, augmented by generative machine learning models to synthesize failure data and support training through digital twin environments. Online fault trend analysis enables continuous monitoring of system degradation, while the system dynamically adapts to operational variations by minimizing offline training …
Impact Of Acute Flight Training Stress On Cardiovascular Health: A Pilot Study, Toni Butler
Impact Of Acute Flight Training Stress On Cardiovascular Health: A Pilot Study, Toni Butler
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Impact of acute flight training stress on cardiovascular health: A pilot study Toni C. Butler, Carolina R. P. Ferreira, Bryan W. Hinton, Noah J. Robbins, Sophia R. Vaden, Andrew H. Schneider, Scott K. Ferguson, Ph.D. Cardiovascular conditions are among the most common medical issues in certificated pilots and a major source of certification scrutiny. Student pilots experience unique acute stressors during flight training that may influence both physiological and psychological health. Acute stress is known to affect cardiovascular function, including vascular endothelial health; however, the impact of flight training–related stress on cardiovascular function remains poorly characterized. This pilot study tested …
Crowd Monitoring And Firearm Detection Uas, Arjun Nambiar, Sang-A Lee, Diego Espino, Will Obot Jr, Ethan Encarnacion, Jarrett Usui, Jacob D. Kline
Crowd Monitoring And Firearm Detection Uas, Arjun Nambiar, Sang-A Lee, Diego Espino, Will Obot Jr, Ethan Encarnacion, Jarrett Usui, Jacob D. Kline
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
The increasing complexity of public safety operations in urban and high-density environments necessitates intelligent, mobile surveillance systems capable of real-time threat identification and situational awareness. Traditional monitoring approaches, such as fixed CCTV systems and manual observation, are often limited by coverage, scalability, and response latency in complex environments or large-scale events. This project addresses these challenges through the development of a computer vision-enabled Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS) designed for crowd monitoring and firearm detection. The primary objective is to design and validate a modular, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Machine Learning (ML)-driven model capable of identifying firearms within dynamic environments while supporting real-time …
Characterizing Air Traffic Density Using Nationwide Ads-B Data, Taeyun Yoo, Arjun Nambiar, Sang-A Lee
Characterizing Air Traffic Density Using Nationwide Ads-B Data, Taeyun Yoo, Arjun Nambiar, Sang-A Lee
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This study addresses the increasing need to understand aircraft activity in low-altitude airspace, where emerging operations such as Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) are expected to heighten traffic complexity and safety risks. This research develops a scalable framework for constructing a nationwide, high-resolution, altitude-stratified airspace density atlas using Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B) data. The methodology incorporates large-scale data acquisition, terrain-referenced altitude normalization, and spatial aggregation using a hexagonal grid system, followed by statistical modeling to estimate traffic density across spatial and temporal dimensions. Preliminary results indicate the capability to generate detailed geospatial representations of aircraft activity, …
Spatial Dynamics Of Lead Waste: An Esda Approach To U.S. Interstate Transfers, Santiago Acuna Gonzalez
Spatial Dynamics Of Lead Waste: An Esda Approach To U.S. Interstate Transfers, Santiago Acuna Gonzalez
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Spatial Dynamics of Lead Waste: An ESDA Approach to U.S. Interstate Transfers This research applied a novel Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) methodology to analyze interstate movements (n= 446) of lead (Pb; CAS 7339-92-1) among facilities that transported more than 1,000 lbs offsite across the United States, using the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) 2024 Toxic Release Inventory (TRI). Using QGIS, the analysis produced three geospatial products by integrating TRI Form R Schedule 3A with coordinates from the EPA Facility Registry Service (FRS) to populate offsite locations. First, a state-level net-flow choropleth distinguished exporting from importing states. Second, an export-focused map …
Environmental Ethics And Impact Of Artificial Intelligence Data Centers, Jacky Yang
Environmental Ethics And Impact Of Artificial Intelligence Data Centers, Jacky Yang
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Data centers, including artificial intelligence (AI) facilities, serve as the backbone for many modern digital services and products. With the rapid digitization of society, the expansion of these centers in the United States has accelerated significantly. From an anthropocentric and utilitarian perspective, they provide economic benefits, supporting employment and generating public revenue. However, they can also create a significant amount of environmental and societal challenges. From an ecocentric and environmental justice perspective, AI data centers has contributed to increased competition for the limited resources, such as water, electricity, and land and has been linked to rising utility costs, noise pollution, …
Quantitative Analysis Of A Single Operator’S Flight Behavior In Simulation, Zackrey Schraeder
Quantitative Analysis Of A Single Operator’S Flight Behavior In Simulation, Zackrey Schraeder
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS), or more commonly known as drones, have become increasingly used for a variety of applications, and more research has emerged studying the human-machine interaction and pilot performance metrics. Current research focuses on desired behaviors or aggregated pilot data which does not provide a holistic picture of an individual pilot’s flight behaviors, which are shaped by their own experience, preferences, and risk tolerance. The study investigates whether an individual pilot’s flight behaviors can be considered a pattern or if there is enough flight-to-flight variability to consider the behaviors inconsistent. A series of 20 flights were conducted in …
Modernization Of Deicing Operations Utilizing Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, Christopher Sidor, Hunter Lisle, Zackrey Schraeder
Modernization Of Deicing Operations Utilizing Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, Christopher Sidor, Hunter Lisle, Zackrey Schraeder
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Modernization of Deicing Operations Utilizing Uncrewed Aircraft Systems The use of Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, has become more apparent in everyday life within the United States (US). The Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) has provided an opportunity to utilize drones to improve quality of life and operational efficiency at airports across the US. Students from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University under the callsign Team Frostbite, consists of Hunter Lisle, Zakrey Schraeder, and Christopher Sidor. The team provides a potential solution utilizing UAS to measure the efficiency of deicing applications at Patrick Leahy Burlington International Airport (BTV) in Burlington, …
Learning Casual Structures From Aviation Accident Narratives Using Natural Language Processing And Graph-Based Knowledge Representation, Stephanie Ramsey, Katherine Hoffsetz, Madeline Gorman, Logan Lambeth
Learning Casual Structures From Aviation Accident Narratives Using Natural Language Processing And Graph-Based Knowledge Representation, Stephanie Ramsey, Katherine Hoffsetz, Madeline Gorman, Logan Lambeth
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Understanding the complex causal relationships underlying aviation accidents is critical for improving safety and preventing future incidents. However, much of this information exists in unstructured narrative reports, making large-scale analysis difficult. This project aims to automatically extract and model causal chains from National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) accident narratives using a combination of traditional natural language processing (NLP) techniques, transformer-based architectures, and graph-based knowledge representation. Traditional NLP methods, including named entity recognition, dependency parsing, and rule-based pattern matching, will be used to identify structured cause–effect relationships. These approaches will be compared with transformer-based models, including a lightweight encoder for classification …
Exploring Generation Z Pilots' Approach To Training Automation: An Interview Study, Mary Bender
Exploring Generation Z Pilots' Approach To Training Automation: An Interview Study, Mary Bender
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Introduction. Today's pilots learn to fly on aircraft with sophisticated automated systems, such as the G1000. Although automation can reduce workload, over-relying on this technology can lead to decreased situational awareness, complacency, and a loss in manual flying skills (Parasuraman, 2000; Parasuraman et al., 2000; Parasuraman & Wickens, 2017; Taylor et al., 2020). Instructor pilots, in turn, are faced with the challenge of teaching students how to leverage a system that can affect their performance, both positively and negatively. The purpose of this study was to explore the strategies and challenges that instructor pilots face when training students on automation. …
Quantitative Assessment Of Cybersecurity Risk Variability Across Transportation Modes, Paulo Carreon
Quantitative Assessment Of Cybersecurity Risk Variability Across Transportation Modes, Paulo Carreon
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Quantitative Assessment of Cybersecurity Risk Variability Across Transportation Modes examines how cybersecurity risks differ across major transportation sectors and addresses the lack of a structured, cross modal analysis in existing transportation cybersecurity research. As transportation systems increasingly rely on digital infrastructure, communication networks, operational technologies, and interconnected platforms, they become more exposed to cyber threats that can affect safety, mobility, operations, and public trust. Despite the growing importance of this issue, there is still limited research that quantitatively compares how cyber risks vary across transportation modes such as road and intelligent transportation systems, aviation, rail and transit, and maritime systems. …
Small Unmanned Aerial Systems-Assisted Airport Obstruction And Perimeter Inspections, Christopher Candler, Christopher M. Saylor, Marcus Thompson, Tejash Zala
Small Unmanned Aerial Systems-Assisted Airport Obstruction And Perimeter Inspections, Christopher Candler, Christopher M. Saylor, Marcus Thompson, Tejash Zala
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Airports are required to maintain obstruction-free airspace surfaces under 14 CFR Part 77; however, vegetation and perimeter obstruction management is often conducted through periodic ground inspections and contractor-led surveys that provide only snapshot conditions. These approaches may delay detection of encroachments into approach, transitional, horizontal, or primary surfaces, increasing the risk of operational impacts and reactive mitigation. This study proposes an FAA-aligned framework integrating small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) into obstruction monitoring workflows through recurring, repeatable perimeter inspections. High-resolution optical and LiDAR sensors, combined with RTK/PPK-enabled GNSS correction, generate centimeter-level geospatial datasets that are processed into canopy height models. These …