Engineering Commons^™

A Simplified Approach To Reduce Blocking And Ringing Artifacts In Transform-Coded Images, Jianping Hu

Dissertations and Theses

Presently Block-based Discrete Cosine Transform (BDCT) image coding techniques are widely used in image and video compression applications such as JPEG and MPEG. At a moderate bit rate, BDCT is usually a quite satisfactory solution to most of practical coding applications. However, for high rate compression it produces noticeable blocking and ringing artifacts in the decompressed image. It has been an active research area for a decade for reducing these artifacts. In this thesis, a novel post-processing algorithm is proposed to remove the blocking and ringing artifacts at low bit rate. It is non-iterative and uses both spatial and transform …

Bipolar/Cmos (Weak Inversion) Rail-To-Rail Constant-G M Input Stage, Vladimir I. Prodanov, Michael M. Green

Electrical Engineering

A rail-to-rail constant-g_m input stage suitable for bipolar or weak inversion CMOS implementation is presented. To achwe rail-to rail operation, two complementary differential pairs driven in parallel are used. To guarantee constant net transconductance each differential pair is augmented with a suitable biasing circuit. The biasing circuits are implemented without current mirrors, which results in low sensitivity to process variations and potentially higher bandwidth.

Minimizing Channel Density With Movable Terminals, Ronald I. Greenberg, Jau-Der Shih

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

We give algorithms to minimize density for VLSI channel routing problems with terminals that are movable subject to certain constraints. The main cases considered are channels with linear order constraints, channels with linear order constraints and separation constraints, channels with movable modules containing fixed terminals, and channels with movable modules and terminals. In each case, we improve previous results for running time and space by a factor of L/\lgn and L, respectively, where L is the channel length, and n is the number of terminals.

Teaching Electromagnetic Field Theory Using Differential Forms, Karl F. Warnick, Richard H. Selfridge, David V. Arnold

Faculty Publications

The calculus of differential forms has significant advantages over traditional methods as a tool for teaching electromagnetic (EM) field theory. First, films clarify the relationship between field intensity and flux density, by providing distinct mathematical and graphical representations for the two types of fields. Second, Ampere's and Faraday's laws obtain graphical representations that are as intuitive as the representation of Gauss's law. Third, the vector Stokes theorem and the divergence theorem become special cases of a single relationship that is easier for the student to remember, apply, and visualize than their vector formulations. Fourth, computational simplifications result from the use …

Adaptive Distributed Detection With Applications To Cellular Cdma, Jian-Guo Chen

Dissertations

Chair and Varshney have derived an optimal rule for fusing decisions based on the Bayesian criterion. To implement the rule, probabilities of detection P_D and false alarm P_F for each detector must be known, which is not readily available in practice. This dissertation presents an adaptive fusion model which estimates the P_D and P_F adaptively by a simple counting process. Since reference signals are not given, the decision of a local detector is arbitrated by the fused decision of all the other local detectors. Adaptive algorithms for both equal probable and unequal probable sources, for independent …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Lpcvd Sic Films Using Novel Precursors, Mahalingam Bhaskaran

Dissertations

A unique low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) process has been developed to synthesize amorphous and crystalline SiC films using environmentally benign chemicals. The interrelationships governing the process variables, compositions and select properties of the resulting films were established. Such films can be used to produce high quality mask membrane for x-ray lithography. These films can also be used in fabricating high power electrical devices, and hetrojunction devices in conjunction with silicon.

Amorphous SiC films were synthesized using a single precursor, ditertiarybutylsilane, at temperatures below 850°C. Compositional analysis performed on these deposits revealed that, in the deposition temperature range of …

Bilinear Time-Frequency Representations Of Heart Rate Variability And Respiration During Stress, Rindala Saliba

Dissertations

Recently, joint time-frequency signal representation has received considerable attention as a powerful tool for analyzing a variety of signals and systems. In particular, if the frequency content is time varying as in signals of biological origin which often do not comply with the stationarity assumptions, then this approach is quite attractive. In this dissertation, we explore the possibility of better representation of two particular biological signals, namely heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration. We propose the use of time-frequency analysis as a new and innovative approach to examine the physical and mental exertion attributed to exercise. Two studies are used …

Two Dimensional Agonistic Control, Daqing Yang

Dissertations

The conventional method of precise multiple-axis motion control entails use of a multiple axis positioning system with each axis carrying not only the workpiece but also the positioning system of the remaining axes. The resultant structure is heavy, sluggish, and expensive. An alternative positioning technique is being investigated in which the motion of the workpiece is controlled by pulling it with tendons, each of which has its own actuator. Since the actuators can be mounted on the base of the structure instead of being carried by motion system of the other axes, they can be relatively large and powerful without …

Counterpulsation Cardiac Assist Device Controller Defection Filter Simulation And Canine Experiments, Carl Edward Werner

Dissertations

Electronic control systems for counterpulsation Cardiac Assist Devices (CADs) are an essential part of cardiac assistance. Synchronization of the counterpulsation CAD controller with the cardiac cycle is critical to the efficacy of the CAD. The robustness of counterpulsation CAD controllers varies with the ability of the CAD controller to properly trigger on aortic pressure (Pa) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals for sinusoid rhythms, non-sinusoid rhythms and non-ideal signals resulting from surgical intervention. An analog-to-digital converter and digital-to-analog converter based CAD controller development platform was devised on a 33Mhz PC-AT.

Counterpulsation Pa systolic rise and dicrotic notch detectors were demonstrated with a …

Performance Evaluation Of Cebus Power Line Communication In The Presence Of X-10 Module Signaling, Nashwa F. Kamel

Theses

A power line of CEBus has great potential towards inexpensive home automation. Both PLBus and X-10 uses [sic] burst of 120KHz signals to transmit bits of information on the power line. However, these two systems are completely incompatible and can conflict with each other. This thesis presents the first performance evaluation of Power Line CEBus communication in the presence of X-10 module signaling. The evaluation included simulation experiments measuring packet delays, message delays, message throughput, channel throughput and the percentage of messages received in error verses [sic] different loads. Network performance has been confirmed to function well in terms of …

A Cost Model For Multi-Lifecycle Engineering Design, Bin Zhang

Theses

Design for Environment aims to yield a product whose aggregate environmental impact is as small as possible. This thesis characterizes a product recovery system and defines the concepts of product lifetime and part lifetime. A multi-lifecycle product recovery model is developed based on the concepts of product tree and disassembly path representation, four product recovery choices, time varying costs, cost comparison. The four product recovery choices of a part in the product tree are: Reconditioning, Part Remanufacturing, Material Recycling, and Landfill. This thesis focuses on how to improve the product design while minimizing environmental impact of the product and introduces …

Tcp/Ip Traffic Over Atm Network With Abr Flow And Congestion Control, Liping An

Theses

Most traffics over the existing ATM network are generated by applications running over TCP/IP protocol stack. In the near future, the success of ATM technology will depend largely on how well it supports the huge legacy of existing TCP/IP applications.

In this thesis, we study and compare the performance of TCP/IP traffic running on different rate based ABR flow control algorithms such as EFCI, ERICA and FMMRA by extensive simulations. Infinite source-end traffic behavior is chosen to represent, FTP application running on TCP/IP. Background VBR traffic with different ON-OFF frequency is introduced to produce transient network states as well as …

Vibration Control Of Robotic Modules Using Input Shaping Algorithm, Murat Eren

Theses

In this thesis, vibration control using input shaping algorithm is studied. Vibration Control of flexible structures is an important problem and has been an active research area. Different approaches have been developed for vibration control which can be divided roughly into feedback and feedforward methods. Feedback methods need measurements and on-line calculation of the controller outputs. Although feedback methods are generally more robust and have a number of well known performance advantages, proper use of feedforward control can also significantly improve the speed of response of the system.

Input shaping is one of these feedforward methods. It has been successfully …

An Information Security Education Initiative For Engineering And Computer Science, Shiu-Kai Chin, Cynthia E. Irvine, Deborah Frincke

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

This paper puts forward a case for an educational initiative in information security at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Its focus is on the need for such education, the desired educational outcomes, and how the outcomes may be assessed. A basic thesis of this paper is that the goals, methods, and evaluation techniques of information and computer security are consistent with and supportive of the stated goals of engineering education and the growing movement for outcomes-based assessment in higher education.

Design Of A Low-Cost, One-Way, Wireless Digital Communication System, Kristopher L. Young

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Multilevel Block Coded Modulation With Unequal Error Protection, Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza, Marc P. C. Fossorier, Shu Lin, Hideki Imai

Faculty Publications

Multilevel block coded modulation (BCM) schemes with unequal error protection (UEP) are investigated. These schemes are based on unconventional set partitions that greatly reduce the error coefficients associated with multi-stage decoding of conventional BCM, at the expense of smaller intra-set distances.

Characteristic Of A Broadband Ti:Linbo3, Optical Modulator With Buried Electrodes And Etched Grooves In The Buffer Layer, Jinyang Hu, Boyu Wu, Xiaomin Jin

Electrical Engineering

Traveling wave Ti:LiNbO₃ Mach-Zehnder optical modulators with buried electrodes and etched grooves in the SiO₂ buffer layer are analyzed by the finite element method. The tradeoff between the bandwidth BW and the half-wave voltage Vπ is discussed. The value of BW/V_π is used to weight the total performance of the modulator. Taking a thick buffer layer and etching deep grooves in the buffer layer are demonstrated as two effective methods to improve the performance of the modulator. A 3-dB optical bandwidth of 18 GHz with half-wave voltage 5V at a wavelength of 1.55 pm could be obtained …

Concatenated Multilevel Coded Modulation Schemes For Digital Satellite Broadcasting, Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza, Hideki Imai

Faculty Publications

The error performance of bandwith-efficient concatenated multilevel coded modulation (MCM) schemes for digital satellite broadcasting is analyzed. Nonstandard partitioning, multistage decoding, and outer Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are employed to provided unequal error protection capabilities.

An Intercomparison Of Two Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometers Used For Eddy Correlation Measurements Of Methane Flux In A Prairie Wetland, David P. Billesbach, Joon Kim, R.J. Clement, S.B Verman, F.G. Ullman

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

An intercomparison was made between two tunable diode laser spectrometers used to measure methane fluxes by the eddy correlation technique at a prairie wetland site. The spectrometers were built by Unisearch Associates Inc. of Concord, Ontario, Canada, and Campbell Scientific Inc. of Logan, Utah, and were models EMS-50 and TGA-100, respectively. The fluxes were found to agree very well with each other in the range of 0 to 42 mg 􏰑 m-2 h-1.

The TGA-100 was observed to exhibit offset drifts. Most of the time, when the offset was only slowly changing (as compared to the eddy correlation averaging time), …

Observation And Investigation Of The Ferrielectric Subphase With High Qt Parameter, Yuri Panarin, O. Kalinovskaya, J.K. Vij, J.W. Goodby

Articles

Dielectric relaxation processes in an antiferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC) have been investigated over a wide range of frequencies from 1 Hz to 1 GHz. The AFLC under investigation possesses a variety of different ferrielectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric phases. Dielectric and polarization measurements under direct bias voltage have been made with a view to clarifying the origin of the high-temperature ferrielectric phase, which appears between the AF and smectic-C phases. This phase is assigned to an unstable ferrielectric phase with qT parameter greater than 1/2 (according to the Ising model) or a doubly modulated incommensurate phase (according to the expanded Landau …

Studies Of Far-Infrared/Submillimeter P-Type Germanium Laser, Kijun Park

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A novel p-Ge laser at 165-205 μm wavelengths in Voigt configuration using a regular permanent magnet has been developed and is described here. The necessary magnetic field is provided by a permanent magnet for the first time. Experiments with the traditional, Faraday-configured, superconducting magnet are performed for comparison. Emission is observed over a wider range of electric-field magnitude in Voigt configuration at a· given magnetic field than in Faraday configuration. The spectral response of several different inductive metal meshes for use as output couplers is presented. The widest electric-and magnetic-field range for laser emission was found using a #750 copper …

An Analog Integrated Circuit For Continuous-Time Gain And Offset Calibration Of Sensor Arrays, Yu Ming Chiang, John G. Harris

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Parameter variations cause unavoidable nonuniformities in Infra-Red Focal Plane Arrays and other integrated sensors. Since these nonuniformities change slowly with time, calibrating sensors one-time only is not suitable-much more frequent calibration is required. We have developed an algorithm that continually calibrates an array of sensors that contain gain and offset variations. This algorithm has been mapped to analog hardware and designed and fabricated with a 2um CMOS technology. Measured results from the chip show that the system achieves invariance to gain and offset variations of the input signal.

Neutron Transmutation Doping As An Experimental Probe For Cuzn In Znse, Edward D. Wheeler, Jack L. Boone, J. W. Farmer, H. R. Chandrasekhar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nuclear transmutation is employed in an investigation of copper doping in ZnSe. Copper atoms are introduced at zinc sites in ZnSe after crystal growth processes are complete. Since the copper dopants are introduced after growth, far from equilibrium, they are less able to form complexes with other dopants or lattice defects as they may do when present during crystal growth. Initial results are consistent with CuZn being involved in the copper red and copper green emissions in ZnSe but not in the if exitonic emission. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

Observation And Investigation Of The Ferrielectric Subphase With Qt>1/2, Yuri Panarin, O. Kalinovskaya, J. K. Vij

Articles

The high-temperature femelectric phase with qT > 1/2 has been found to exist in a antiferroelectric liquid crystal. This phase has been identified using dielectric spectroscopy and conoscopy.

A 50 Kilowatt Distributed Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Generation System For The University Of Wyoming, Badrul H. Chowdhury, S. Muknahallipatna, T. Dinwoodie, D. Shugar, J. J. Cupal, J. C. Hamann

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The University of Wyoming (UW) campus (USA) is serving as the site for a 50 kilowatt solar photovoltaic (PV) power system. Three sub-systems were sited and built on the UW campus in 1996. The first sub-system, a 10 kW roof-integrated system of PV roof tiles is located on the roof of the Engineering Building. The second sub-system-a 5 kW rack-mounted, ballasted PV system is on a walkway roof of the Engineering building. The third sub-system is a 35 kW shade structure system and is located adjacent to the parking lot of the University's football stadium. The three sub-systems differ in …

An Analysis Of Printed Circuit Boards During Reflow Soldering., Paul Barry

Theses

Electronic manufacturing is currently one of the fastest growing industrial areas. This is due to the rapid advances in the computer and telecommunications sectors. Due to these advances, new surface mount devices have been developed to achieve greater miniaturisation at lower costs. As a result, a new surface mount technology has been developed to mount these devices onto printed circuit boards. However, problems exist with aspects of this process, principally open solder joints which result from circuit board warpage. The aim of this thesis is to undertake a) both an experimental and theoretical investigation of the reflow solder process and …

Miniaturized Isfet Glucose Sensor Including A New Structure Actuation System, Chang-Soo Kim, Hwa-Il Seo, Chae-Hyang Lee, Byung-Ki Sohn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new principle of an amperometric actuation technique was incorporated in the ISFET glucose sensor. The ISFET is fabricated by the CMOS process and the platinum working electrode is deposited by the lift-off process. A sensor with a specially designed ladder type working electrode exhibits improved operation in response time, response magnitude and detection range. An expectation concerning the reduction of sensor size is also discussed.

Stability Of Discrete-Time Matrix Polynomials, Khanh Tu Ngo, Kelvin T. Erickson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper derives conditions for the stability of discrete-time systems that can be modeled by a vector difference equation, where the variables are m x 1 vectors and the coefficients are m x m matrices. Stability of the system is related to the locations of the roots of the determinant of a real m x m matrix polynomial of nth order. In this case, sufficient conditions for the system to be stable are derived. The conditions are imposed on the infinity norm of two matrices constructed from the coefficient matrices and do not require the computation of the determinant polynomial. …

Adaptive Critic Design In Learning To Play Game Of Go, R. Zaman, Danil V. Prokhorov, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper examines the performance of an HDP-type adaptive critic design (ACD) of the game Go. The game Go is an ideal problem domain for exploring machine learning; it has simple rules but requires complex strategies to play well. All current commercial Go programs are knowledge based implementations; they utilize input feature and pattern matching along with minimax type search techniques. But the extremely high branching factor puts a limit on their capabilities, and they are very weak compared to the relative strengths of other game programs like chess. In this paper, the Go-playing ACD consists of a critic network …

The New--But Is It Improved?--Power System, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, the author examines the effect that deregulation will have on the US power system. The paper details how the electric power industry in the USA is undergoing major changes, both politically and technically, as a result of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's Orders 888 and 889 issued in 1996. These orders essentially deregulate the transmission network, allowing producers and customers access to the network for electricity transactions.