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Pilgrimage Of The Virgin Of Nazaré (Portugal): Religious And Cultural Itineraries, Isilda Leitão, Carlos Fernandes

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In Portugal, the Estremadura Círios (Candles pilgrimages) constitute one of the strongest surviving traditions of popular religiosity that are still present in the traditional and religious calendar of some Portuguese regions. Deriving from the tradition of religious devotion to Mary during the Middle Ages, sites such as the Shrine of Our Lady of Cabo Espichel, and prior to that the Shrine of Our Lady of Nazaré (Nazareth), generated a particular level of devotion by the 17th century, based on miracles which the Virgin of Nazaré granted to a local inhabitant. Since the 18th century, and the establishment of the Brotherhood …

Motivations Of Pilgrims On The Portuguese Inner Way To Santiago De Compostela, Carlos Gomes, Nieves Losada, Xerardo Pereiro

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Undertaking the way to Santiago today is characterised by being multi-motivational, not only attending to religious motivations (Amaro et al., 2018; Lois-González and Santos, 2014). In fact, the differences between the pilgrim and the tourist are increasingly smaller, because both travellers are motivated by the experience of realising the way and are looking for the same type of services (Amaro et al., 2018; Collins-Kreiner in Lois-González and Santos, 2014). The objective of this study is to make a comparison between the motivations of the Portuguese touripilgrims (Pereiro, 2017) and the foreign touripilgrims on the Portuguese Inner Way of Santiago de …

Determinants Of Intentions To Use A Pilgrimage App: A Cross-Cultural Comparison, Suzanne Amaro, Paulo Alexandre O. Duarte, Angela Isabel Lopes Antunes

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The main aim of this study is to examine which features pilgrims from six nationalities walking the Camino de Santiago most value in a pilgrimage app and to determine which ones most influence intentions to use it. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. The 911 responses were analysed using ANOVA and PLS-SEM. The features related to general information are the strongest predictor of intentions to use a pilgrimage app and there is only one significant difference among nationalities regarding the determinants of intentions to use it. The findings of the study are useful for the development of pilgrimage apps.

Biographical Motivations Of Pilgrims On The Camino De Santiago, Christian Kurrat

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The question of what leads people from a biographical perspective to go on pilgrimage has been a research object in the Department of Sociology at the FernUniversität in Hagen, Germany. This qualitative study examines the biographical constellations which have led to the decision to go on pilgrimage and therefore a typology of biographical motivations was developed. To achieve the aim of a typology, methods of qualitative research were used. The database consists of narrative interviews that were undertaken mostly with German pilgrims. The life stories of the pilgrims were analysed with Grounded Theory Methodology and made into a typology of …

In Defense Of The Pure Pilgrim: De Re Defensionibus Peregrini Castiori, Stephen F. Haller, Dane Munro

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Does the pure pilgrim exist? Probably not as a person, but the idea of a pure pilgrim is very much alive, although under threat. John Muir (2002), environmentalist and mountaineer, argued that there is a proper way to climb a mountain. By analogy, there is a virtuous way, allowing for meaningful, spiritual experiences which can be applied to proper peregrination. The early medieval ascetic understanding of pilgrims (St Jerome c. 347-420), was that of wandering monks, forsaking the bustling cities as to immerse themselves in the mercy of Christ in the solitude of the country (Webb, 2002). In modern times, …

Volume 7(Ii) Table Of Contents, Xose Santos, Lucrezia Lopez, Kevin Griffin, Razaq Raj

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

No abstract provided.

The Battle Of The Powers: Newly Obtained Benefits From The Revitilised Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, Scott Halsted

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement would have been the most sizeable free trade agreement in history. The agreement was set up by the Obama administration as an economic benefactor plus geopolitical tool to maintain the balance of power in the Asia Pacific region, rivaling the power of China. However, numerous politicians within the Trump administration, plus multiple political opposers including Hillary Clinton and Sen. Bernie Sanders, were major advocates for the U.S. removal after realistically adjusted estimates of the TPP showed economic benefits not equating to original estimates. However, the United States withdrawal raises significant successes that can be …

Antwerp-Opedia: A Microsoft Sharepoint Site, Catherine Susco

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

As my Honors Capstone project, I implemented a Microsoft SharePoint site where JMU study abroad alumni from the College of Business Semester in Antwerp program can share their experiences and travel tips with other JMU students preparing to go to Antwerp. The goal of this project was to develop an online portal to host a collaborative, centralized site where students can find information regarding the Semester in Antwerp program. Resources on the site include information about the Antwerp program, tourist information and general international travel information. The Microsoft SharePoint site developed throughout this project includes a Wiki general information page, …

The Effects Of Japanese Ryokan Attributes On Perceived Values And Purchase Intention, Ryuichi Karakawa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The increasing demand for spa and hot spring resorts, particularly within the luxury markets, provides an opportunity for new types of accommodations. This study focused on Ryokan which is described as traditional Japanese hotels with hot springs. Despite the recent trend of expanding Japanese Ryokans in the global market, most extant research had only focused on perceptions of customers who have experienced Ryokans. Therefore, this study explored what attributes of Japanese Ryokans are important to potential customers and to what extent these attributes could enhance perceived values toward Japanese Ryokans. A total of 983 usable responses were collected through an …

The Evolution Of The Marketing And Branding Strategies For The National Parks, Blake Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since the first national park Yellowstone was established, people from across the world have come to visit the natural wonders that our national parks have to offer. While much empirical research has been conducted concerning the marketing and branding strategies of non-profit organizations, government agencies, and tourism destinations; not much has been conducted on national parks. This research seeks to understand how our national parks have marketed and branded themselves over time and determine how marketing and branding will play a role in the development and conservation of the parks. This research was conducted utilizing in- depth methods such as …

The Yosakoi Festival And Rural Revitalization In Kōchi Prefecture, Japan, Amy L. Kostka

Senior Honors Projects

Japan has been experiencing a population decline in rural areas since post World War II. Rural prefectures including Kōchi have been participating in nationwide efforts as well as local efforts to maintain population and hopefully attract more people to these areas. These efforts have been collectively categorized under the term rural revitalization. Rural revitalization has many aims: to encourage pride in local cultural practices, to attract tourists and new residents, and to boost local economies. In this study I examined how a festival might assist in rural revitalization efforts. Exploring the literature involving revitalization efforts provided the scaffolding for my …

Making Ethnic Tourism Good For The Poor, Jean Junying Lor, Shelly Kwa, John A. Donaldson

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

How can ethnic tourism alleviate rural poverty? Due to the difficulty of simultaneously expanding tourism while promoting pro-poor tourism, most villages traverse one of two developmental pathways: 1) ensuring an inclusive structure before expanding, or 2) expanding before building an inclusive structure. This study compares four comparable cases in Southwestern China to understand the politics behind the decision to choose different pathways, and the impact each pathways has on local residents. While the first pathway requires a careful balance to maintain a pro-poor structure as tourism volume expands, the second pathway presents apparently insurmountable barriers to poverty reduction due to …

Leadership And Community In The Arts: A Case Study Of Legend And Culture In Chiusdino, Italy, Amanda Svetlak

Arts Administration Masters Theses

The complexity of culture goes beyond artistic expression, nationality, race, and religion. Culture shapes our communications, interactions, and our perceptions of the world around us (Hall, 1989). Studies show that self-awareness of our own culture through exposure to the unfamiliar leads to intercultural competences (Herlo, 2015; Crossman, 2011; Hermond 2018; Hall 1989). As technology, travel, and community diversity continues to shrink our world and diversify our workplaces, these intercultural competences support modern processes of marketing, community engagement, and organizational leadership. This thesis is a case study of the community culture, organizational culture, and structure of arts institutions in Chiusdino, Italy. …

Las Buenas Vibras Y El Buen Vivir El ‘Desarrollo’ Turístico Por La Ruta Del Sol, Devon Hornberger

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

En Montañita, Ecuador, el turismo constituye el principal motor de crecimiento económico, lo que se considera el ‘desarrollo’. Este turismo tiene un carácter particular – bohemio, hippie, escapista — que aprovecha de los discursos de la sostenibilidad y el ‘capitalismo verde’. Este proyecto intenta poner en conversación estos tipos de discursos desarrollistas con las perspectivas locales sobre como el turismo ha afectado los modos de ser comunitarios. Se concluye que el proyecto modernizador ha plantado unas raíces firmes en Montañita, y se va extendiendo baja la tierra a las otras comunidades por toda la Ruta del Spondylus. Explora unas iniciativas …

Río Muchacho: La Interacción Entre Agricultura Orgánica, Educación Ambiental Y Ecoturismo, Tatum Contreras

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

El enfoque principal de mi proyecto fue crear un documental sobre cómo Río Muchacho combinada lo orgánico, el ecoturismo y la educación ambiental. Hice mi proyecto en la provincia de Manabí cerca del pueblo Canoa. Documenté y entrevisté a todas las personas involucradas en Río muchacho- de los dueños, a los visitantes. Empecé mi proyecto el 8 de abril y terminé con la filmación y las entrevistas el 26 de abril. En la primera semana trabajé en la finca orgánica de 7 de la mañana hasta las 4 de la tarde. Las dos otras semanas trabajé de 7 a la …

The Impact Of Eu Sponsorship, Size, And Geographic Characteristics On Rural Tourism Development, Anestis Fotiadis, Guych Nuryyev, Jennet Achyldurdyyeva, Anastasia Spyridou

All Works

© 2019 by the authors. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that promote successful rural tourism development in light of EU sponsorship of rural tourism hosts. The paper examines the effect of the size and geographical characteristics of rural tourism hosts on their views towards rural tourism development. The paper employs factor analysis, t-tests, and ANOVA to analyze the data from the survey of the hosts. The survey was sent to 652 rural tourism hosts, of whom 174 replied, giving a response rate of 27%. The results show the following. Firstly, subsidies, leadership, and cooperation …

Packaging Morocco For The Foreign Eye: A Survey Into The Moroccan Tourism Industry, Pangrum Boonbaichaiyapruck

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The history of tourism in Morocco cannot be separated from the country’s colonial legacy. Tracing its’ roots back into the 1920s, tourism was yet another medium where the West manifested their fascination with exoticness in “the other”. Within the past decades, the Moroccan tourism industry has witnessed continued growth in tourist arrivals and media attention. Morocco’s geographical and linguistic proximity to Europe has made it an “accessible” option to many European tourists. Tourism is not only a promising driver of economic growth, an employment generator, but also has become how many foreign individuals come to understand the country. Through the …

La Estructura Neo-Colonial Del Turismo Espiritual En El Perú: Las Percepciones Locales De Quien Controla La Mercantilización Del Ayahuasca En Cusco, Andrea Aspajo

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Esta investigación aborda el tema del turismo místico/espiritual en la ciudad de Cusco enfocándose en los negocios de ayahuasca. Intenta comprender las percepciones locales de quien controla a los negocios de ayahuasca en Cusco. El trabajo analiza cómo el turismo, como las formas emergentes de emprendimiento de la industria del ayahuasca, participan en la continuación de la colonización económica de Latino América. Como principal metodología de estudio se utilizaron las técnicas cualitativas de la entrevista y la observación con preguntas abiertas a representantes de negocios de ayahuasca tanto como agentes gubernamentales. Los resultados se analizaron usando un marco teórico del …

2019 School Of Culinary Arts & Food Technology - Spring Newsletter, James Peter Murphy

Other resources

The School of Culinary Arts & Food Technology - Spring Newsletter captured the many events, research, awards, significant contributions and special activities which the students and staff members of the school have successfully completed leading up to and during the Spring period of 2019.

A Study Of Safari Tourism In Sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Test Of Tourism A-B-C (T-Abc) Model, Lalita A. Manrai, Dana-Nicoleta Lascu, Ajay K. Manrai

Marketing Faculty Publications

The competition for safari tourism in sub-Saharan Africa is intense. Aside from inter-country competition, there is also intra-country competition among game viewing lodges and resorts within each country. In this context, it is important to understand the strengths and weaknesses of each country for safari tourism. We empirically test the relationship between tourism performance and multiple tourism dimensions, namely, tourism Attractions (A), Basics (B), and Context (C). We test the Tourism A-B-C model (Manrai, Manrai, & Friedeborn, 2018) using data from Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

The study, a first in the region, addresses tourism …

Wood Mountain Walk: Afterthoughts On A Pilgrimage For Andrew Suknaski, Ken Wilson

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Ken Wilson’s ‘Wood Mountain Walk: Afterthoughts on a Pilgrimage for Andrew Suknaski’ reflects on a 250-kilometre walking pilgrimage made in honour of the late Canadian poet Andrew Suknaski. Wilson’s autoethnographic essay considers the possibilities and challenges of walking as a way to engage with land and community; Suknaski’s book Wood Mountain Poems and the issue of cultural appropriation; what it is like to walk in a sparsely populated and arid agricultural province where trespassing laws confine walkers to roads; and walking as both pilgrimage and artistic practice.

From The Dark Green Hill To Our Lady Of The Harbour, Stacey Engels

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Stacey Engels narrates the pilgrim body in ‘From the Dark Green Hill to Our Lady of the Harbour’ by bringing her reader along on a pilgrimage that sprang up almost instantly in downtown Montreal on the day that Leonard Cohen’s death was announced. In her travelogue-style vignettes, even a sausage sandwich becomes a sacred relic when mingled with community and intention.

Walking On Walls: Shifting Perspectives In A Post-Modern World, Philip Szporer

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In ‘Walking on Walls,’ Philip Szporer brings dance and pilgrimage into fascinating relationship. He resituates American choreographer and dancer Trisha Brown’s radical approach to the human body in terms of core concepts that have shaped pilgrimage theory. Szporer proposes that pilgrimage, place, and mobility theories provide useful lenses for an innovative re-examination of Brown’s pioneering dance pieces. Like pilgrimage, her ideas and contributions were enacted outside - and often in contradistinction to - the control of institutional authority.

Event Running And Pilgrimage: A Comparative Case Study, Janice Poltrick-Donato

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Janice Poltrick-Donato’s ‘Event Running and Pilgrimage’ links pilgrimage with the trials and triumphs of the amateur event runner. She demonstrates the statistical and existential parallels between the two practices, and shows how the suffering and accomplishments of running are experienced by some runners as a form of secular pilgrimage, a ‘journey to the self.’

The Physiological Effects Of Walking Pilgrimage, M. Brennan Harris

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

M. Brennan Harris presents in ‘The Healthy Body’ his kinesiological research conducted on the Camino de Santiago, examining the effects of walking pilgrimage on the self-identified experience of well-being in pilgrim bodies.

Pilgrimage, Existence, And Psychic Distress: An Exploration Of The Bodily And Psychic Phenomenon Of Pilgrimage, Christine Jamieson

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In ‘Pilgrimage, Existence, and Psychic Distress,’ Christine Jamieson draws on the work of psychoanalyst and linguist Julia Kristeva, tracking the haunting desire for healing and liberation inherent in pilgrimage as it touches the deep and irresolutely corporeal experience of what it means to be human.

Walking To Be Some Body: Desire And Diaspora On The St. Olaf Way, Matthew R. Anderson

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In ‘Walking to Be Some Body’ Matthew R. Anderson uses the example of North American Scandinavian-background pilgrims walking Norway’s St. Olaf Way to parse the yearning of contemporary diaspora pilgrims who walk repristinated routes along ancient paths toward real or imagined homelands. These travellers literally incarnate contemporary tensions between the religious and the non-religious, the journey and the destination, and between the rootlessness of modern global tourism and the rootedness longed for in community and patrimony.

Luther And The Trajectories Of Western Pilgrimage, Matthew R. Anderson

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In ‘Luther and the Trajectories of Western Pilgrimage,’ Matthew R. Anderson asserts that after his long trek from Erfurt in 1510-1511, monk and Protestant reformer Martin Luther’s negative remembrances of Rome became one of the catalysts for his influential critique of pilgrimage. Luther’s fear of social unrest, Protestant theological attacks on the doctrines of merit, and Luther’s own personality solidified his antipathy to the practice. The Reformation led to the near-demise of pilgrimage in Protestant areas and the disruption of travel to those shrines that had an international draw. Because of this temporary eclipse, the rebirth of a form of …

Bartered Bodies: Medieval Pilgrims And The Tissue Of Faith, George D. Greenia

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In ‘The Bartered Body,’ George Greenia disentangles the complex desires and experiences of religious travellers of the High Middle Ages who knew the spiritual usefulness of their vulnerable flesh. The bodily remains of the saints housed in pilgrim shrines were not just remnants of a redeemed past, but open portals for spiritual exchange with the living body of the visiting pilgrim.

The Eschatological Body: Fleeing The Centre In Pre-Modern Insular Christianity And Post-Modern Secularity, Sara Terreault

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

‘The Eschatological Body’ examines the practice peregrinatio pro Christo among the Insular Christians living at the north-west edge of Europe in the early Middle Ages. The paper distinguishes this peregrinatio ex patria from the more conventional understanding of pilgrimage as peregrinatio ad loca, or destinational pilgrimage. It explores the theological and existential meanings of exile, foreignness, and home inherent in the practices, and suggests that for these Insular peregrini, the body becomes the dynamic ‘centre’ in decentred, itinerant lives awaiting the eschaton. The paper concludes by considering the possible links between this ancient practice and the postmodern notion of ‘existential …