Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Techniques And Technologies For Decontaminating Chemically Contaminated Premise Plumbing Infrastructure, Karen S. Casteloes

Open Access Theses

Recent large-scale drinking water chemical contamination incidents in Canada and the U.S. have affected more than 1,000,000 people. In all cases premise plumbing has become contaminated and disparate plumbing decontamination approaches have been applied. Premise plumbing components include the service line and piping within the building as well as various appurtenances (i.e., tanks, valves, fixtures). The overall research goal was to identify techniques and technologies that can be used for premise plumbing decontamination. To achieve this goal two separate studies were conducted and are presented as two independent thesis chapters.

The study described in Chapter 1 was designed to understand …

Fabrication And Drying Of Cnc-Based Microcapsules With Pdms/Antimicrobial Oil Cores Via The Microcapillary Device, Yunze Dai

Open Access Theses

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) which are the crystalline regions of elementary microfibrils found in cellulose are becoming a promising biocompatible nanoscale building block. We report on the generation, evolution, and drying of CNC capsules with oil cores, obtained from double emulsion drops. Microcapillary devices were used to generate the double emulsion drops with outer diameters ranging from 75 to 225 µm, and shell thicknesses ranging from 5 to 60 µm. 10 wt% aqueous CNC suspensions without and with the addition of PEGDA, a UV-crosslinkable binder, were used as the shell material while 10 cSt PDMS oil was used in the core. …

Nanoscale Phonon Thermal Conductivity Via Molecular Dynamics, Jonathan M. Dunn

Open Access Theses

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a useful and simple means of calculating the nanoscale thermal properties of materials, which requires special analysis since the thermal properties of materials change when their dimensions reach the nanoscale. In this research, MD is used to investigate the nanoscale phonon thermal transport of materials that are attracting much interest in the areas of materials science and nuclear physics. In order to evaluate two distinct methods of calculating the thermal conductivity of materials using MD, the simulation methods are first applied to Si. Once an understanding of each simulation method is established, they are then …

Effect Of Humidity On The Creep Response Of Cellulose Nanocrystals Films, Marianne C. Valone

Open Access Theses

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a derivative of cellulose, the Earth’s most abundant source of a sustainable polymer. There are many applications for CNCs such as batteries, antimicrobial films, flexible displays and drug delivery. This research is focused on CNCs films and the mechanical properties once humidity was introduced.

The creation of self-aligned CNCs films was utilized to perform dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) testing. The Forest Products Lab (FPL) in Madison, Wisconsin provided the CNCs used. Both 3.5 wt.% and 9.1 wt.% films were made and tested. A DMA method was created to test the creep response of the CNCs films …

Microgalvanic Corrosion Behavior Of Cu-Ag Active Braze Alloys Investigated With Skpfm, Armen Kvryan, Kari Livingston, Corey M. Efaw, Kyle Knori, Brian J. Jaques, Paul H. Davis, Darryl P. Butt, Michael F. Hurley

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The nature of microgalvanic couple driven corrosion of brazed joints was investigated. 316L stainless steel samples were joined using Cu-Ag-Ti and Cu-Ag-In-Ti braze alloys. Phase and elemental composition across each braze and parent metal interface was characterized and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) was used to map the Volta potential differences. Co-localization of SKPFM with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) measurements enabled spatially resolved correlation of potential differences with composition and subsequent galvanic corrosion behavior. Following exposure to the aggressive solution, corrosion damage morphology was characterized to determine the mode of attack and likely initiation areas. When exposed to 0.6 …

Growth Of Ws2 Thin Photovoltaic Films, Matthew J. Hilfiker, Aaron Ediger, Natale Lanno

UCARE: Research Products

Through research for a material that is low cost, earth abundant, and highly efficient, Tungsten Sulfide (WS₂) has been identified as a promising solution. From literature, it has been shown that WS₂ possesses a band gap of 1.9 eV, which is ideal for a top layer heterostructure cell. While this is a favorable value, other properties needed to understand its value as a photovoltaic material are unknown. Through research, WS₂ films will be grown through a sputtering deposition process and electrical characterization measurements will be performed to study these missing properties.

3d Printed Bone Supplement Materials, Azem Khalifa Yahamed

Dissertations

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced rapid technology that can be used to make human bone substitutes with exact shape and designed structures, based on models created from actual individual bone medical Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images. Biocompatible polymers have been selected for 3D printing of human bone structures. The thermoplastics were 3D printed with Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) are Acrylate Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polylactic Acid (PLA) and ULTEM 9085 (a polyetherimide). The polyamide PA 2200 was 3D printed using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). Digital ABS (a crosslinked acrylic polymer) was 3D printed using PolyJet Technology. These …

Texture Analysis Using The Neutron Diffraction Method On The Non Standardized Austenitic Steel Process By Machining,Annealing, And Rolling, Tri Hardi Priyanto, Parikin Parikin, Meijuan Li

Makara Journal of Technology

Austenitic steel is one type of stainless steel which is widely used in the industry. Many studies on austenitic stainless steel have been performed to determine the physical properties using various types of equipment and methods. In this study, the neutron diffraction method is used to characterize the materials which have been made from minerals extracted from the mines in Indonesia. The materials consist of a granular ferro-scrap, nickel, ferro-chrome, ferro-manganese, and ferro-silicon added with a little titanium. Characterization of the materials was carried out in three processes, namely: machining, annealing, and rolling. Experimental results obtained from the machining process …

Maneuverability Of Ships With Small Draught In Steady Wind, Daeng Paroka, Andi Haris Muhammad, Syamsul Asri

Makara Journal of Technology

Wind force and moment may force a ship to drastically decrease its speed and use a large drift angle as well as a large rudder angle in order to maintain its course. Ships with a small draught might have more risk in maneuvering to its point of view compared with a ship with a larger draught. This paper discusses maneuverability of a ship with a small draught in steady wind. The effect of wind on ship speed, drift angle, and rudder angle are investigated in a steady state condition. Five different ratios of wind velocity to ship speed from 1.0 …

Identification Of The Zinc-Oxygen Divacancy In Zno Crystals, Maurio S. Holston, Eric M. Golden, Brant E. Kananen, John W. Mcclory, Nancy C. Giles, Larry E. Halliburton

Faculty Publications

An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum in neutron-irradiated ZnO crystals is assigned to the zinc-oxygen divacancy. These divacancies are observed in the bulk of both hydrothermally grown and seeded-chemical-vapor-transport-grown crystals after irradiations with fast neutrons. Neutral nonparamagnetic complexes consisting of adjacent zinc and oxygen vacancies are formed during the irradiation. Subsequent illumination below ∼150 K with 442 nm laser light converts these (V²⁻_Zn − V²⁺_O)⁰ defects to their EPR-active state (V⁻_Zn − V²⁺_O)⁺ as electrons are transferred to donors. The resulting photoinduced S = 1/2 spectrum of the …

The Anisotropy Of Hexagonal Close-Packed And Liquid Interface Free Energy Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations Based On Modified Embedded-Atom Method, Ebrahim Asadi, Mohsen Asle Zaeem

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This work aims to comprehensively study the anisotropy of the hexagonal close-packed (HCP)-liquid interface free energy using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on the modified-embedded atom method (MEAM). As a case study, all the simulations are performed for Magnesium (Mg). The solid-liquid coexisting approach is used to accurately calculate the melting point and melting properties. Then, the capillary fluctuation method (CFM) is used to determine the HCP-liquid interface free energy (γ) and anisotropy parameters. In CFM, a continuous order parameter is employed to accurately locate the HCP-liquid interface location, and the HCP symmetry-adapted spherical harmonics are used to expand γ …

Cyclic Behavior Of A Hybrid Light Gauge And Hss Mezzanine Structural System, Michael John Kren

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Cold-formed steel is emerging as an alternative material in the building industry to hot-rolled steel for smaller buildings and indoor structures also called mezzanines. Cyclic testing of a full-scale mezzanine structures composed of cold-formed structural channel beams connected to hollow structural steel (HSS) columns cap plates using wedge expansion anchors at the base plate to generate rotation restraint, is performed in this research. The characteristics of the structure will be explained by displaying full experimental results of structural testing. Unfortunately, limited experimental data outlining the behavior of these structures is available and design criteria is very limited. Thus, there is …

A Comparison Of American, Norwegian, And Russian Standards In Calculating The Wall Thickness Of Submarine Gas Pipeline, Cindy Dianita, Tatyana Vladimirovna Dmitrieva

Makara Journal of Technology

One of the key issues in the pipeline design is wall thickness calculation. This paper highlights a comparison of wall thickness calculation methods of submarine gas pipeline based on Norwegian Standard (DNV-OS-F101), Indonesian Standard SNI 3474 which refers to American Standard (ASME B31.8), and Russian Standard (VN39-1.9-005-98). A calculation of wall thickness for a submarine gas pipeline in Indonesia (pressure 12 MPa, external diameter 668 mm) gives the results of 18.2 mm (VN39-1.9-005-98), 16 mm (ASME B31.8), and 13.5 mm (DNV-OS-F101).The design formula of hoop stress due to internal pressure is interpreted in different ways for every standard. Only Norwegian …

Post-Repair Seismic Assessment Of Rc Bridges Damaged With Fractured Column Bars - A Numerical Approach, Ruili He, Yang Yang, Lesley H. Sneed

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Seismic repair of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns has been studied extensively during the past several decades; however, few studies have been conducted on the influence of the column repair (member level) on the post-repair performance of bridge structures (system level). In a previous experimental study by the authors, a method was developed to rapidly repair severely damaged RC bridge columns to enable the quick reopening of the bridge to emergency traffic. Thus, a lower limit state was used for the repair design, so that the lateral strength and drift capacity of a repaired RC column with fractured longitudinal bars …

Plasma Processing Of Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities, Janardan Upadhyay

Physics Theses & Dissertations

The development of plasma processing technology of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities not only provides a chemical free and less expensive processing method, but also opens up the possibility for controlled modification of the inner surfaces of the cavity for better superconducting properties. The research was focused on the transition of plasma etching from two dimensional flat surfaces to inner surfaces of three dimensional (3D) structures. The results could be applicable to a variety of inner surfaces of 3D structures other than SRF cavities. Understanding the Ar/Cl₂ plasma etching mechanism is crucial for achieving the desired modification of Nb …

Thin Film Studies Toward Improving The Performance Of Accelerator Electron Sources, Md Abdullah Al Mamun

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Future electron accelerators require DC high voltage photoguns to operate beyond the present state of the art to conduct new experiments that require ultra-bright electron beams with high average current and higher bunch charge. To meet these demands, the accelerators must demonstrate improvements in a number of photogun areas including vacuum, field emission elimination in high voltage electrodes, and photocathodes. This dissertation illustrates how these improvements can be achieved by the application of suitable thin-films to the photogun structure for producing ultra-bright electron beams.

This work is composed of three complementary studies. First, the outgassing rates of three nominally identical …

Secondary Electron Emission From Plasma Processed Accelerating Cavity Grade Niobium, Miloš Bašović

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Advances in the particle accelerator technology have enabled numerous fundamental discoveries in 20th century physics. Extensive interdisciplinary research has always supported further development of accelerator technology in efforts of reaching each new energy frontier.

Accelerating cavities, which are used to transfer energy to accelerated charged particles, have been one of the main focuses of research and development in the particle accelerator field. Over the last fifty years, in the race to break energy barriers, there has been constant improvement of the maximum stable accelerating field achieved in accelerating cavities. Every increase in the maximum attainable accelerating fields allowed for higher …

Notes On Contributions To The Science Of Rare Earth Element Enrichment In Coal And Coal Combustion Byproducts, James C. Hower, Evan J. Granite, David B. Mayfield, Ari S. Lewis, Robert B. Finkelman

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

Coal and coal combustion byproducts can have significant concentrations of lanthanides (rare earth elements). Rare earths are vital in the production of modern electronics and optics, among other uses. Enrichment in coals may have been a function of a number of processes, with contributions from volcanic ash falls being among the most significant mechanisms. In this paper, we discuss some of the important coal-based deposits in China and the US and critique classification systems used to evaluate the relative value of the rare earth concentrations and the distribution of the elements within the coals and coal combustion byproducts.

The Impact Of Damage Accumulation On The Kinetics Of Network Strength Recovery For A Physical Polymer Gel Subjected To Shear Deformation, Travis Thornell, Krithika Subramaniam, Kendra Erk

School of Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Shear rheophysical experiments were used to quantify the kinetics of strength recovery of model thermoreversible polymer gels that were fractured and ultimately sheared to different total magnitudes of strain (700 and 4000%) before resting for set periods of time. Relationships between the amount of strength recovered and the normalized ratio of resting times to characteristic relaxation times were developed. It was found that gels displayed fully healed networks within timescales that were 2-3 orders of magnitude greater than the gel’s characteristic relaxation time. Gels deformed to 700% applied strain either healed slower at lower gel concentrations as compared to experiments …

Ceramic-Ceramic Welds, Greg Hilmas, William Fahrenholtz, Jeremy Lee Watts, Derek Scott King, Sean Landwehr

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method of producing a ceramic weld, including identifying a ceramic first surface an a ceramic second surface to he bonded together, maintaining a non-oxidizing atmosphere over the first and second surfaces, and engaging the first and second surfaces to define a joint, An arc is generated between an electrode and the joint to create a liquid phase, and the liquid phase is cooled to yield a solid fusion layer, wherein the first and second surfaces are joined in the fusion layer.