Carbon Precipitation On Metal Nanostructures And Diamond Surfaces,
2026
Chulalongkorn University
Carbon Precipitation On Metal Nanostructures And Diamond Surfaces, Komkrit Rientong, Akkarach Sukserm, Nattakarn Suntornwipat, Udomsilp Pinsook
Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals
The interaction between diamond and a nickel (Ni) layer plays a crucial role in understanding the formation of graphene and its energy dynamics on metal-diamond substrates. In this study, we investigate the optimal positions of graphene relative to a catalyst layer on diamond by analyzing total energies obtained from self-consistent field (SCF) calculations using Quantum ESPRESSO. The structures of graphene, diamond (100), and the catalyst layers were constructed and simulated both individually and in combination. Energy comparisons between the combined structures and the sum of their individual components were conducted to identify favorable graphene positions. Our simulations show that graphene …
Zinc Oxide Functionalized Biochar From Rambutan Wood As A Novel Material To Utilize An Agricultural Waste In Thailand,
2026
Chulalongkorn University
Zinc Oxide Functionalized Biochar From Rambutan Wood As A Novel Material To Utilize An Agricultural Waste In Thailand, Suchinda Vongsetskul Vongsetskul, Waraporn Thepthong, Supawan Kanyawilas, Narong Chanlek, Ratana Charoenwattanasatien, Wutthikrai Busayaporn, Thammasit Vongsetskul
Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals
Zinc oxide-functionalized biochar (biochar-ZnO) from rambutan wood, an agricultural waste, was prepared to increase a value of biochar from rambutan, an important economic fruit crop in Thailand, for the first time. Biochar-ZnO was synthesized by a sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra suggest that the biochar consists of amorphous carbon mainly and confirm the success of zinc oxide functionalization on the biochar surface. The crystal structure of zinc oxide is hexagonal Wurtzite. The diameter of zinc oxide particles is ~20 nm. Thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograms indicate the success of biochar-ZnO preparation. A weight percentage of zinc oxide in the composite is …
Finite Element Simulation Of Surface Repair Welding Of Grade R260 Railway Rails Using Thermite Welding,
2026
Chulalongkorn University
Finite Element Simulation Of Surface Repair Welding Of Grade R260 Railway Rails Using Thermite Welding, Werayoot Lahamornchaiyakul, Saksit Chuenchomnakjad, Thongchai Khrueaphue, Parinyawatr Dhinnabutra
Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals
Railway rails subjected to repetitive wheel-rail contact loads experience surface damage, including shallow cracks, groove wear, and material loss. Conventional arc welding repair presents limitations in costs, repair time, and quality consistency. This study investigates thermite welding for surface repair of pearlitic rail steel grade R260, emphasizing the effects of mold overflow configuration on thermal behavior, molten metal flow, and weld quality. A finite element framework incorporating thermal-fluid coupling was developed to simulate temperature distribution and molten metal penetration. Three mold overflow configurations were evaluated: overflow at the wear groove outer edge (Case 1), near the pouring gate (Case 2), …
Evaluation Of A Novel Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel For Conformance Control In Ultra-High Temperature Reservoirs,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Evaluation Of A Novel Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel For Conformance Control In Ultra-High Temperature Reservoirs, Yanbo Liu, Tao Song, Caleb Kwasi Darko, Thomas P. Schuman, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
Preferential fluid flow remains a major challenge in subsurface energy production and gas storage operations, resulting in excessive water production in mature oil fields, reduced heat extraction in geothermal reservoirs, and low sweep and storage efficiency in CO2-EOR projects. Polymer gels are widely used to mitigate high-permeability channels; however, conventional systems exhibit limited plugging efficiency and short lifetimes in ultra-high-temperature reservoirs due to poor thermal stability. This study presents a novel ultra-high-temperature-resistant preformed particle gel (UHT-PPG) developed for conformance control in reservoirs with temperatures of 150–275 °C and severe super-K or channeling problems. The material was evaluated in …
Co-Sputtered Cuni Heteroatomic Electrocatalyst For Enhanced 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Selective Electrochemical Conversion,
2026
National Institute of Technology Delhi
Co-Sputtered Cuni Heteroatomic Electrocatalyst For Enhanced 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Selective Electrochemical Conversion, Moumita Dikshit, Baleeswaraiah Muchharla, Luz Vazquez Rivera, Kapil Kumar, Sunita Sanwaria, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Abdennaceur Karoui, Sandeep Kumar, Adetayo Adedeji, Bijandra Kumar
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
The electrochemical conversion of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) represents a promising, economically viable, and environmentally sustainable approach for producing value-added chemicals using renewable energy and in situ hydrogen generated through water electrolysis. However, the electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of HMF remains challenging due to the inherently low catalytic activity and selectivity of the electrodes, compounded by competition with the kinetically favored hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous electrolytes. In this work, we demonstrate that CuxNi100-x heteroatomic thin films, fabricated via direct current (DC) magnetron co-sputtering, achieve a more than one order of magnitude increase in the HMF to 2,5-Bis-hydroxymethylfuran …
Revisiting The Life Cycle Of Margalefidinium Polykrikoides Group Iii,
2026
Old Dominion University
Revisiting The Life Cycle Of Margalefidinium Polykrikoides Group Iii, Eduardo Pérez-Vega, Kenneth N. Mertens, Pjotr Meyvisch, Margaret R. Mulholland
OES Faculty Publications
Dinoflagellates produce cysts as a strategy to withstand environmental stressors, with nutrient depletion generally considered a key trigger for cyst production. Resting cysts are thick-walled, typically composed of one to several layers, and characterized by a prolonged dormancy period. In contrast, pellicle cysts possess a thin, single wall and exhibit no dormancy or a markedly shorter dormancy than resting cysts of the same species. Margalefidinium polykrikoides produces pellicle and resting cysts, whereas its congener, M. fulvescens, has been shown to produce pumpkin-like structures. Using phase-contrast microscopy, time-lapse microscopy, FlowCam, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (ATR μ-FTIR), …
Dietary Intake Of Micro- And Nanoplastics: Potential Adverse Gi Effects On Microbiome, Inflammation, And Neoplasia,
2026
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
Dietary Intake Of Micro- And Nanoplastics: Potential Adverse Gi Effects On Microbiome, Inflammation, And Neoplasia, Michael Saadeh, Gordon Hong, Sana Rabeeah, Priyata Dutta, Edward C. Oldfield, Iv, David A. Johnson
Department of Medicine Faculty Publications
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are pervasive in food-contact environments and the human diet, positioning the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as the primary portal of entry and a plausible site of early biological effects. Human exposure is supported by detection of microplastics in stool and colon tissue, and emerging clinical studies report associations between fecal microplastic burden and GI disease states, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Preclinical studies provide mechanistic plausibility, reporting that ingested MNPs can modulate microbial ecology, alter mucus membrane integrity, increase intestinal permeability through changes in cellular tight junction biology, and induce inflammatory gene expression. …
Effects Of Composition, Nodularity, Pouring Temperature, Inoculation, And Mold Strength On Wall-Movement In Sgi Castings During Solidification And Cooling,
2026
Georgia Southern University
Effects Of Composition, Nodularity, Pouring Temperature, Inoculation, And Mold Strength On Wall-Movement In Sgi Castings During Solidification And Cooling, Noah Brack
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
The iron-carbon casting alloy known as spheroidal graphite iron (SGI), nodular graphite iron, or ductile iron (DI) experiences complex volume changes during its solidification and cooling as graphite nodules and austenite form. These volume changes result in forces on the mold cavity walls and can deform the mold walls in cases when mold walls lack the strength to resist the deformation. This wall movement can cause the formation of casting defects such as swell, warped part geometry, and shrinkage porosity. Though this phenomenon has been studied in the past, it remains difficult to predict casting wall movement with existing data. …
Effect Of Wall Movement On Porosity Formation In Ductile Iron Castings Under Varying Processing Parameters,
2026
Georgia Southern University
Effect Of Wall Movement On Porosity Formation In Ductile Iron Castings Under Varying Processing Parameters, Shamsul Alam
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Shrinkage porosity is a major defect that significantly impairs the mechanical properties and overall performance of ductile iron castings. Although graphite formation during solidification induces volumetric expansion, this expansion alone is insufficient to fully compensate for the shrinkage occurring throughout solidification. During the solidification and cooling of ductile iron, multiple phase transformations occur, resulting in dynamic volume changes that exert pressure on mold walls and internal cavities. These pressures can deform mold walls and casting surfaces, leading to defects such as swell and porosity, while also influencing shrinkage formation. This study aims to analyze the mechanisms of porosity formation and …
Development Of Alternative Plasma Etching Techniques For The Selective Removal Of Tan With Respect To Sioch Dielectric Materials To Enable Future Back-End-Of-The-Line Scaling,
2026
University at Albany, State University of New York
Development Of Alternative Plasma Etching Techniques For The Selective Removal Of Tan With Respect To Sioch Dielectric Materials To Enable Future Back-End-Of-The-Line Scaling, Ivo Otto Iv
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Transistor scaling has continued according to Moore’s Law for over fifty years. As transistor size decreases, adequate power delivery is required to enable transistor scaling without performance loss. Power delivery is provided by a metal interconnect network with insulating dielectric that connects the transistor level to the power source, the signal speed within this metal line network limiting transistor level switching speeds. Reduction of signal delay has moved from primarily dimension-based improvement towards adoption of conductor and dielectric materials with lower resistivity and a reduced dielectric constant value, respectively: transitioning from Al/SiO2 to Cu/low-κ SiOCH. With this transition comes …
Improving Modeling Of Corrosion Products In The Primary Circuit Of Light Water Reactors Through The Experimental Determination Of Crud Characteristics,
2026
University at Albany, State University of New York
Improving Modeling Of Corrosion Products In The Primary Circuit Of Light Water Reactors Through The Experimental Determination Of Crud Characteristics, Sri Saravana Konganapuram Narasimma Bharathi
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
High-temperature water flowing through the coolant circuits in pressurized water reactors (PWRs) creates a harsh environment, deteriorating these materials. This corrosion results in the formation of oxide layer(s) primarily composed of nickel ferrites, iron oxides, nickel oxides, and other nickel-iron-chrome spinel oxides. Being exposed to fluid with high flow rates and pressure, these oxide layers can be eroded, resulting in particulate fouling due to the release of corrosion products (Chalk River Unidentified Deposits, CRUD) into the coolant circuit. When CRUD subsequently deposits on fuel surfaces, it negatively affects the fuel performance (heat transfer and fuel failure); in addition, the particles …
High Temperature Diffraction From Aerodynamically Levitated Materials,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
High Temperature Diffraction From Aerodynamically Levitated Materials, Chris J. Benmore, Stephen K. Wilke, David Lipke, Richard Weber
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Aerodynamic levitation combined with laser beam heating has become an established technique for studying the structure of materials at ultra-high temperatures and under non-equilibrium conditions. This article briefly highlights some recent technical and scientific advancements in understanding the relationships between a material's behavior and its structure, investigated using diffraction methods. It focuses on three evolving frontiers: sophisticated sample environments for accessing metastable states and reactive chemistries, high-flux photon and neutron probes to reveal atomic structure, and advanced computational modeling frameworks. Free from contamination, containerless processing (levitation) can minimize heterogeneous nucleation at the interface, enabling access to deeply supercooled melts or …
Re-Crosslinkable Hyper-Branched Polymer Gels Based On A Transamidation Reaction,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Re-Crosslinkable Hyper-Branched Polymer Gels Based On A Transamidation Reaction, Tao Song, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman
Patents
The present invention generally relates to the field of conformance control in oil fields, particularly to a re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel system, and composition thereof. The composition of the re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel system contains monomers, crosslinkers, a polymer matrix, and additives. Components in the composition for re-crosslinkable preformed particle gel in the present invention have excellent compatibility with each other, and the obtained gel has excellent long term high-temperature resistance property. Different from prior products, in the recrosslinkable preformed particle gel compositions according to embodiments of the present invention, the components that are used to re-crosslink the particle gels …
Multiphysics Modeling Of Melt Pool Dynamics And Powder Bed Stability In Lpbf Of Inconel 718 For A Circular Cavity,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Multiphysics Modeling Of Melt Pool Dynamics And Powder Bed Stability In Lpbf Of Inconel 718 For A Circular Cavity, Nayan Pundhir, Oluwapelumi O. Adejumo, Kumbla Chandrashekhara, Joseph W. Newkirk, Heath Misak, Cesar Ortiz Rios
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing process in which a concentrated laser beam selectively melts successive powder layers to fabricate components. Final part quality is highly sensitive to process parameters such as hatch spacing, powder bed density, laser power, and scanning speed. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics model employing discrete element method has been developed in FLOW-3D to simulate LPBF of Inconel 718. The modeled powder bed incorporates particle size distribution data obtained from scanning electron microscopy and is evaluated for single-layer, single-track deposition over a circular cavity. The model captured melt pool dynamics …
A Combined Stochastic And Physical Framework For Alloys And Metal Casting Processes Modeling,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
A Combined Stochastic And Physical Framework For Alloys And Metal Casting Processes Modeling, Simon N. Lekakh, Oleg Neroslavsky
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
High temperature metal casting processes have dualistic nature and conceptually consist of two parts of distinct processes: the first type is deterministic, strictly obeying the physical law, while the second type is stochastic. Therefore, the metal casting processes are not precisely predictable, and deterministic considerations cannot provide exact outcomes. To solve this problem, the combined stochastic and deterministic framework was suggested. The local processes were described using deterministic models for several parameter arrangements, while the distribution of these arrangements on macro level was calculated using stochastic approaches. The approach was used for cast alloy design, investment casting process optimization, and …
Thermal Transformations And Mechanical Properties Of All-D-Metal Mn2fecu Heusler-Type Shape Memory Alloy,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Thermal Transformations And Mechanical Properties Of All-D-Metal Mn2fecu Heusler-Type Shape Memory Alloy, Choji J. Daches, Joseph W. Newkirk, Mario Buchely
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
All-d-metal Heusler alloys are emerging functional materials in which magnetic ordering, lattice distortion, and mechanical behavior are strongly coupled through d–d electronic interactions. This study systematically investigates the structural, thermal, magnetic, and mechanical properties of Mn₂FeCu synthesized within a Heusler-type compositional framework. SEM/EDS revealed a dual-phase FCC-based microstructure consisting of Mn–Fe–rich and Mn–Cu–rich domains, while XRD confirmed FCC symmetry with compositional partitioning rather than full L2₁ ordering. Differential scanning calorimetry identified partial melting of the Cu-rich phase near ~ 900 °C. Dilatometry showed a thermoelastic FCC → FCT transformation at ~ 770–780 °C with a recoverable strain of ~ 0.067%. …
Design Of Novel Gating Systems For Steel Castings,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Design Of Novel Gating Systems For Steel Castings, K. Balasubramanian, Laura Bartlett, M. Xu
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Gating systems play an important role in determining the quality and mechanical properties of castings. To understand the efficiency of gating systems, four systems, namely pressurized system, non-pressurized system, naturally pressurized system with a side riser and a naturally pressurized system with a top riser, were studied. The naturally pressurized systems were provided with overflows which collected the incoming metal swirl. Parameters like velocity of metal flow, air entrapment, microporosity and Niyama criterion were considered, and a design was developed with a common pouring basin. 8630 alloy was poured into two molds using a teapot ladle. The inclusion analysis revealed …
Comparative Evaluation Of Gating Systems In Femnal Castings,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Comparative Evaluation Of Gating Systems In Femnal Castings, K. Balasubramanian, Laura Bartlett, M. Xu
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
To understand the efficiency of gating systems, four systems, namely AFS styled pressurized system, AFS styled non-pressurized system, naturally pressurized system with a side riser and a naturally pressurized system with a top riser, were studied. The naturally pressurized systems were provided with overflows which collected the incoming metal swirl while the pressurized and non-pressurized systems had runner wells. Parameters like velocity of metal flow, air entrapment, microporosity and Niyama criterion were considered, and a design was developed with a common pouring basin using solidification software. Two molds were 3D printed using carbonitride sand, and steel of composition Fe-29Mn-8.2Al-0.91C-0.88Si-0.49Mo was …
Microstructure And Properties Of Oxide Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Microstructure And Properties Of Oxide Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys, Ertugrul Demir, Seung Min Ha, Anish Ranjan, Xingshuo Zhang, Aaron Penders, Mukesh Bachhav, Xiaochun Li, Lin Shao, Alexander Demblon, Haiming Wen, Enrique Lavernia
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys are a critical class of structural materials for extreme environments, owing to their unique combination of high-temperature strength, thermal stability, and radiation tolerance, enabled by a very high density of nanoscale oxide dispersoids. These features make ODS alloys attractive for advanced nuclear systems, aerospace applications, and other harsh-service conditions where conventional alloys rapidly degrade. Despite decades of development, key challenges remain in understanding how nanoscale oxides interact with matrix microstructures, alloy chemistry, and irradiation-induced defects to control macroscopic performance. This review provides a focused, mechanism-based synthesis of the microstructural features that govern the properties of ODS …
Overcoming Resolution Vs. Throughput Trade-Offs In Ceramic Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing Via Viscoelastic Filament Stretching,
2026
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Overcoming Resolution Vs. Throughput Trade-Offs In Ceramic Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing Via Viscoelastic Filament Stretching, Abid H. Rafi, David W. Lipke, Jeremy L. Watts, Gregory E. Hilmas, Ming C. Leu
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Fabricating large, monolithic ceramic parts using material-extrusion additive manufacturing remains challenging due to difficulty maintaining uniform moisture content during printing, which can lead to drying-induced defects such as warping and cracking, especially as part size and print time increase. Fabricated parts have trade-offs among print resolution, high throughput, and structural fidelity. Our study has shown that increasing the ratio of nozzle traverse speed vs. material extrusion speed increases filament stretching in viscoelastic ceramic paste, helping to overcome the trade-offs between resolution and throughput. Using aqueous ZrB2–SiC (70/30 vol.%) as a representative ultra-high temperature ceramic paste, rheological characterisation revealed viscoelastic yield-stress …
