Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Microstructure And Properties Of Oxide Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys, Ertugrul Demir, Seung Min Ha, Anish Ranjan, Xingshuo Zhang, Aaron Penders, Mukesh Bachhav, Xiaochun Li, Lin Shao, Alexander Demblon, Haiming Wen, Enrique Lavernia

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys are a critical class of structural materials for extreme environments, owing to their unique combination of high-temperature strength, thermal stability, and radiation tolerance, enabled by a very high density of nanoscale oxide dispersoids. These features make ODS alloys attractive for advanced nuclear systems, aerospace applications, and other harsh-service conditions where conventional alloys rapidly degrade. Despite decades of development, key challenges remain in understanding how nanoscale oxides interact with matrix microstructures, alloy chemistry, and irradiation-induced defects to control macroscopic performance. This review provides a focused, mechanism-based synthesis of the microstructural features that govern the properties of ODS …

Evaluation Of A Novel Re-Crosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel For Conformance Control In Ultra-High Temperature Reservoirs, Yanbo Liu, Tao Song, Caleb Kwasi Darko, Thomas P. Schuman, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Preferential fluid flow remains a major challenge in subsurface energy production and gas storage operations, resulting in excessive water production in mature oil fields, reduced heat extraction in geothermal reservoirs, and low sweep and storage efficiency in CO₂-EOR projects. Polymer gels are widely used to mitigate high-permeability channels; however, conventional systems exhibit limited plugging efficiency and short lifetimes in ultra-high-temperature reservoirs due to poor thermal stability. This study presents a novel ultra-high-temperature-resistant preformed particle gel (UHT-PPG) developed for conformance control in reservoirs with temperatures of 150–275 °C and severe super-K or channeling problems. The material was evaluated in …

Raw Data For The Manuscript "Silicon-Stabilized Three-Dimensional Covalent Networks In High Entropy Diborides", Michael Yeung, Reza Mohammadi

Chemistry Department Faculty Scholarship

Abstract for data:

Raw data for the journal publication, Silicon-stabilized three-dimensional covalent networks in high entropy diborides. ReadMe file provided.

Abstract for Journal publication: 

High entropy ceramics offer a pathway to stabilize unconventional chemistries beyond traditional alloying rules. We report the incorporation of silicon into an AlB₂-type high entropy diboride, Cr_0.2Nb_0.2Si_0.2Ta_0.2Ti_0.2B₂, despite silicon violating classical Hume-Rothery rules for alloying. Arc melting produced a phase-pure, chemically homogeneous structure, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). Silicon occupies …

Development Of Stronger, More Extrudable 6xxx Series Alloys For Automotive Applications, Eli A. Harma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

6xxx alloys are widely used in automotive extrusion structures for their high specific strength and formability. Advanced designs require greater formability and strength, creating an opportunity for high-strength, formable alloys. The 6xxx series forms β”-Mg₅Si₆ precipitates during age hardening and develops a fibrous microstructure during extrusion, both strengthening the alloy. Increasing Mg and Si to form more β” decreases formability. Thus, modifying texture can increase strength without reducing formability. Current alloys like 6005A add Mn and Cr to form dispersoids that inhibit recrystallization and promote strengthening textures; however, high Mn and Cr concentrations reduce formability. Replacing Mn …

Multiphysics Modeling Of Melt Pool Dynamics And Powder Bed Stability In Lpbf Of Inconel 718 For A Circular Cavity, Nayan Pundhir, Oluwapelumi O. Adejumo, Kumbla Chandrashekhara, Joseph W. Newkirk, Heath Misak, Cesar Ortiz Rios

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing process in which a concentrated laser beam selectively melts successive powder layers to fabricate components. Final part quality is highly sensitive to process parameters such as hatch spacing, powder bed density, laser power, and scanning speed. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics model employing discrete element method has been developed in FLOW-3D to simulate LPBF of Inconel 718. The modeled powder bed incorporates particle size distribution data obtained from scanning electron microscopy and is evaluated for single-layer, single-track deposition over a circular cavity. The model captured melt pool dynamics …

The Effect Of Aluminum Substrate Surface Topography And Surface Energy On The Peel Strength Of Polyurethane Coatings, Christopher Ryan Grivers

Open Access Master's Theses

CUI information not included.

Peel Strength Of Polyurethane Coated Marine Metals In Air And In Underwater Environments, Maximillian Hill

Open Access Master's Theses

This study aims to characterize the hydrostatic peel strength of a hyperplastic material on three distinct and widely used marine-grade metals, using a primer. Aluminum 6061, HY-80 steel, and Nickel 400 (commonly known as Monel) are among the more popular metals used in the marine industry due to their unique material properties. To better understand the relationship of these materials and how we might quantify them, a peel test is performed at varying curing temperatures.

Following the investigation into varying curing temperatures, several specific marine environments will be considered. Submersible marine vehicles are designed to operate in a range of …

Field-Assisted Post-Processing Of Cold-Sprayed Pure Copper, Alan Hensley

Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

The properties of materials processed through cold spray, and many other AM processes, are non-uniform and unpredictable. In most cases, post-processing is required to achieve desired properties and better uniformity. In cold spray, the typical method is an annealing heat treatment (AHT), which can improve bond strength, reduce porosity, and restore ductility, among other effects. AHT alone, however, is unable to completely remedy any of the unfavorable properties. In addition, long treatments at high temperatures are often needed for satisfactory results. This increases energy consumption and extends production times for products made by the process. For these reasons, numerous investigations …

Evaluation Of Chromium-Crosslinked Amps-Hpam Copolymer Gels: Effects Of Key Parameters On Gelation Time And Strength, Maryam Sharifi Paroushi, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman, Yin Zhang, Mingzhen Wei

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Controlling CO₂ channeling in heterogeneous reservoirs remains a major challenge for both enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and secure geological storage. AMPS-HPAM copolymers exhibit high-temperature resistance and brine tolerance compared with conventional HPAM gels, making them well suited for the harsh environments associated with CO₂ injection. Chromium-based crosslinkers (CrAc and CrCl₃) were investigated because sulfonic acid groups in AMPS can coordinate with trivalent chromium ions, enabling dual ionic crosslinking and the formation of a robust gel network. While organic crosslinked AMPS-HPAM gels have been widely studied, the behavior of chromium-crosslinked AMPS-containing systems, particularly their gelation kinetics under …

High Temperature Creep Deformation Mechanism Of Fe28.2ni18.8mn32.9al14.1cr6 High Entropy Alloy And Its Modified Alloys, Edwin S. Jiang, I. Baker

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Fe28.2Ni18.8Mn32.9Al14.1Cr6 eutectic high entropy alloy exhibits a good combination of room-temperature and high temperature properties, including tensile strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance, making it a promising candidate for structural applications in extreme environments. However, the creep deformation behavior of this alloy— and high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in general—remains insufficiently understood. This dissertation systematically investigates the high-temperature creep deformation mechanisms of Fe28.2Ni18.8Mn32.9Al14.1Cr6 and its derivatives.

Creep mechanisms and associated microstructural changes were examined across a wide range of strain rates using strain-rate jump and constant-stress tests. Two dominant regimes were identified: dislocation glide/solute-drag at low strain rates, and dislocation climb at high …

Engineering Disorder, Defects, And Electrical Transport For High-Performance Thermoelectric Fe2val Heusler Alloys, James Russell Taylor Iv

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Fe₂VAl is a promising low-temperature thermoelectric material for waste-heat energy conversion because it is easily processed and comprised of earth-abundant, non-toxic, and low-cost elements. However, viability for applications faces two major challenges: high thermal conductivity and low p-type Seebeck coefficients. This primarily experimental work aims to address these issues through extrinsic and self-doping, point-defect and disorder generation through thermal and electrical processing, disordered and metastable phase composition quantification, and comparison of transport measurements to modeled electronic features.

An accessible phase quantification method was developed for bulk Fe₂VAl using laboratory X-ray diffraction equipment to compare thermoelectric properties …

Waveguide-Assisted Single-Mode Fiber Bragg Gratings In A Highly Multimode Coreless Fiber Via Femtosecond Laser Inscription For Extreme Temperature Quasi-Distributed Thermal Sensing, Farhan Mumtaz, Koustav Dey, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research reports a potential quasi-distributed thermal mapping optical sensing system for extreme temperatures, leveraging femtosecond (fs) laser inscribed single-mode fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and a waveguide within coreless, highly multimode optical fiber, resulting in a single-mode structure. Unlike doped single-mode fibers, coreless fibers composed of silica rods prevent issues associated with dopant migration and ensure data accuracy. The strategic placement of point-by-point FBGs in a cascaded formation on the fs-laser inscribed waveguide facilitates localized multipoint sensing. The long-term stability of the proposed waveguide-assisted FBG system was assessed over 24 hours at elevated temperatures (1000°C), showing no hysteresis during heating …

A Review On Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anodes For Sodium-Ion Batteries : From Carbon Precursors To Storage Mechanisms, Anqi Lu, Jiaqian Qin

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The rapid development of sustainable energy technologies has intensified the demand for cost-effective and high-performance energy storage systems. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their low cost, abundant sodium resources, and similar electrochemical mechanisms to LIBs. Hard carbon (HC) has attracted significant attention as the predominant anode material for SIBs due to its low cost, structural tunability, and availability from diverse precursors. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including the unclear Na+ storage mechanism, limited rate capability, and strong dependence on precursor type. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in HC …

Mechanical Properties And Crystallization Of Polybutylene Terephthalate Reinforced With Glass Flakes And Aluminum Powder, Nattakarn Hongsriphan, Pajaera Patanathabutr

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This research investigated mechanical properties and crystallization of poly(butylene terephthalate) composites by adding glass flakes (GF) and aluminum particles (Al). The concentration of the GF was 3 wt% or 5 wt%, and the Al was 0.5 wt% or 1.0 wt%. The stress-strain curves of the PBT-based composites showed yielding and necking. The PBT/GF/Al composites with GF/Al ratios of 3/0.5 wt/wt%, 3/1.0 wt/wt%, 5/0.5 wt/wt%, and 5/1.0 wt/wt% had Young’s moduli of 11.44%, 11.70%, 16.81%, and 19.31% higher than that of neat PBT, respectively. In the presence of Al at 1.0 wt%, the flexural modulus of the PBT/GF/Al composites increased to …

Synthesis, Structure, And Electrochemical Properties Of The Ni(Oh)2/Nimoo4 Composite On The Rgo/Nf Template For Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor Electrodes, Retno Asih, Haniffudin Nurdiansah, Rogabe Sianipar, Ida Ayu Gayatri, Lukman Noerochim, Diah Susanti, Isao Watanabe, Darminto Darminto

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The growing demand for renewable and sustainable energy has intensified research on advanced energy-storage systems that can deliver both high energy and power densities. In this study, a Ni(OH)2/ NiMoO4 composite on a reduced graphene oxide/nickel foam (rGO/NF) template was synthesized through a hydrothermal and electrodeposition route to construct a hybrid battery-supercapacitor electrode. The unique hierarchical design combines the pseudocapacitive activity of Ni(OH)2/NiMoO4 with the excellent conductivity of rGO and the high surface area of NF, enabling efficient electron and ion transport. Structural and morphological analyses confirm the successful formation of the Ni(OH)2/NiMoO4/rGO/NF architecture. The electrode exhibits a specific capacitance …

Development Of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer/Cellulose Composites Using Cellulose Extracted From Hemp Biomass For Plastic Packaging Applications, Supanicha Alapon, Natthanich Thongmee, Wikoramet Teeka, Pattara Somnuake, Sirirat Wacharawichanant

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/cellulose composites using cellulose derived from hemp biomass (CHB) were investigated in this research. Morphology, chemical structures, functional groups, and crystallinity of CHB were characterized, observing a size of 135 ± 32 μm from SEM images with high purity and crystallinity from FT-IR and XRD spectroscopy. The optimized CHB was incorporated at 1 phr, 3 phr, and 5 phr into PLA/EPDM blends at 90/10 w/w. The polymer composites were prepared using an internal mixer, and samples were produced by compression molding for mechanical and thermal testing. The results indicated that the EPDM phase dispersed as droplets in …

Effects Of Gum Additives On Nickel Electroplating For Enhancing Steel Corrosion Resistance, Supitcha Supansomboon, Manatsawee Maneekan, Chanyanut Saenthaweesuk, Duangta Sitthichokcharoen, Natthapong Phinichka

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Low-carbon steels are widely used across various industries but have limited corrosion resistance, leading to safety hazards and a shortened service life. Nickel plating is a common method for enhancing steel corrosion resistance. The plating bath solution can be modified by adding additives to improve the properties of the coating. In this research, gum arabic, guar gum and gelatin were used as additives in a nickel electroplating bath. SS400 low-carbon steel, as a substrate, was plated with nickel from these different baths at 5 V for 25 min. Nickel coated with green additives showed higher hardness compared to those without …

Effect Of Cu Content On Microstructure, Morphology, And Antibacterial Properties Of Ti-Cu Alloy Thin Films, Chittra Kedkaew, Phalakorn Khwansungnoen, Tanattha Rattana

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Ti-Cu alloy thin films exhibit considerable potential for the development of advanced antibacterial surfaces, particularly for biomedical applications. In this research, Ti-Cu binary alloy thin films with a wide range of Cu content from 25.8 at% to 77.8 at% were deposited using magnetron co-sputtering with pure Ti and Cu as the targets. The composition of Cu in the films can be controlled by the applied power of Cu targets. This study investigated the effect of Cu content on the microstructural, morphological, and antibacterial properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron …

Contributions Of Carbon Content And Cooling Rate On Phase Transformations And Mechanical Properties Of Sintered Fe-1.5cr-0.2mo-Xc Alloys, Mantana Yaruan, Wantana Koetniyom, Thanyaporn Yotkaew, Nattaya Tosangthum, Ruangdaj Tongsri

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Microstructural development in sintered Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo-xC alloys, produced under different cooling rates of 0.1℃∙s‒1 and 5.4℃∙s‒1, was investigated. It was found that, in slowly sintered Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo-xC alloys, the microstructure changed from hypoeutectoid to eutectoid and to hypereutectoid steel microstructural features with increasing carbon content. Under the fast-cooling rate of 5.4℃∙s‒1, the microstructural change with respect to the increase of carbon content involved the competition between the formation of ferrite + carbide mixture and that of martensite-austenite constituent. The increase of tensile strength of slowly cooled sintered Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo-xC alloys with increasing carbon content was attributed to …

Synergy Of Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag And Limestone Powder In Ternary Cement: Effects On Heat Of Hydration And Strength Development, Pailyn Thongsanitgarn, Watcharapong Wongkeo, Thanongsak Nochaiya, Arnon Chaipanich

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study explores the synergistic effect of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and limestone powder (LS) on the hydration behavior and mechanical performance of ternary cement systems. Calorimetry revealed that 30GGBS mix showed a significantly lower peak of about 2.3 mW∙g‒1 and a delayed response. In contrast, the incorporation of LS enhanced early hydration, with the 30LS mix reaching a peak of approximately 2.8 mW∙g‒1 around 6 h. Among ternary blends, 15GGBS–15LS exhibited the highest and earliest heat flow peak (about 2.55 mW∙g‒1 around 7.5 h), while 25GGBS–5LS showed a slower response (about 2.45 mW∙g‒1 around 9.5 h). Despite differences …