Systems and Communications Commons^™

Camera Viewpoint Invariant Vehicular Traffic Segmentation And Classification, Jeffrey B. Flora

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The goal of this intelligent transportation systems work is to develop a computer vision method that is view angle independent for segmenting and classifying vehicular traffic on highway systems. In order to achieve this goal, this work implements an algorithm for vehicle segmentation, feature extraction, and classification using the existing Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) infrastructure on networked traffic cameras. The VDOT traffic video is analyzed for vehicle detection and segmentation using an adaptive Gaussian mixture model algorithm. Speed estimation is performed using a single camera calibration. Size and shape features from morphological properties and texture features from histogram of …

Breast Cancer Detection Using Interferometric Music: Experimental And Numerical Assessment, Giuseppe Ruvio, Raffaele Solimene, Antonio Cuccaro, Domenico Gaetano, Jacinta Browne, Max Ammann

Articles

Purpose: In microwave breast cancer detection, it is often beneficial to arrange sensors in close proximity to the breast. The resultant coupling generally changes the antenna response. As an a priori characterization of the radio frequency system becomes difficult, this can lead to severe degradation of the detection efficacy. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the advantages of adopting an interferometric multiple signal classification (I-MUSIC) approach due to its limited dependence from a priori information on the antenna. The performance of I-MUSIC detection was measured in terms of signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR), signal-to-mean ratio (SMR), and spatial displacement (SD) …

A Generalized Proportionate Adaptive Algorithm Based On Convex Optimization, Jianming Liu, Steven L. Grant

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A general framework is proposed to derive proportionate adaptive algorithms for sparse system identification. The proposed algorithmic framework employs the convex optimization and covers many traditional proportionate algorithms. Meanwhile, based on this framework, some novel proportionate algorithms could be derived too. In the simulations, we compare the new derived proportionate algorithm with the traditional ones and demonstrate that it could provide faster convergence rate and tracking performance for both white and colored input in sparse system identification.

Hybrid Silicon Mode-Locked Laser With Improved Rf Power By Impedance Matching, Bassem M. Tossoun

Master's Theses

The mode-locked laser diode (MLLD) finds a lot of use in applications such as ultra high-speed data processing and sampling, large-capacity optical fiber communications based on optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) systems. Integrating mode-locked lasers on silicon makes way for highly integrated silicon based photonic communication devices. The mode-locked laser being used in this thesis was built with Hybrid Silicon technology. This technology, developed by UC Santa Barbara in 2006, introduced the idea of wafer bonding a crystalline III- V layer to a Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, making integrated lasers in silicon chips possible.

Furthermore, all mode-locked lasers produce phase noise, which …

Comparison Of Nonlinear Filtering Methods For Battery State Of Charge Estimation, Klaus Zhang

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

In battery management systems, the main figure of merit is the battery's SOC, typically obtained from voltage and current measurements. Present estimation methods use simplified battery models that do not fully capture the electrical characteristics of the battery, which are useful for system design. This thesis studied SOC estimation for a lithium-ion battery using a nonlinear, electrical-circuit battery model that better describes the electrical characteristics of the battery. The extended Kalman filter, unscented Kalman filter, third-order and fifth-order cubature Kalman filter, and the statistically linearized filter were tested on their ability to estimate the SOC through numerical simulation. Their performances …

Energy Measurement Of Spdy Protocol On Mobile Platform, Zisheng Liao, Ashiwan Sivakumar, Sanjay Rao

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The past few years have witnessed an explosive growth in mobile Internet data traffic with web browsing being one of the key activities on mobile devices. There is tremendous interest in optimizing mobile web. In this regard, a new protocol called SPDY was introduced by Google to augment web browsing, however it's impact on the device energy consumption is not clearly understood. In this work we evaluate the energy characteristics of SPDY-based web browsing on mobile devices. In order to measure the energy consumption of web activities, we use AT&T’s ARO [1]. This tool is widely accepted and used by …

Information Encryption, Transmission, And Retrieval Via Chaotic Modulation In A Hybrid Acousto-Optic Bragg Cell Under Profiled Beam Illumination, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fares S. Almehmadi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent work, the propagation of a profiled optical beam through an open-loop acousto-optic Bragg cell was examined using a transfer function formalism. The device was also studied under closed-loop via intensity feedback, and shown to exhibit more extended chaotic band responses, thereby potentially increasing the dynamic range and parameter sensitivities of any applied signal and the device operation respectively.

In this paper, simple low- to mid-RF signals (periodic waveforms and low BW audio) are transmitted through the closed-loop system and the resulting encryption and recovery at the receiver are examined especially from the perspective of overall robustness of the …

Realization Of Negative Index In Second-Order Dispersive Metamaterials Using Standard Dispersion Models For Electromagnetic Parameters, Tarig A. Algadey, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent work, electromagnetic propagation velocities for plane waves in dispersive metamaterials were calculated assuming frequency dispersion up to the second order. The three velocities were expressed in terms of dispersive coefficients under certain simplifying constraints. Frequency domains were found to exist around resonances where group and phase velocities are in opposition, implying possible negative index behavior.

In this paper, we incorporate in the derived equations physical models (including Debye, Lorentz and Condon) for material dispersion in permittivity, permeability and chirality in order to further examine the consequences of second-order dispersion leading to negative index for practical cases, and also …

Modeling Of Power Spectral Density Of Modified Von Karman Atmospheric Phase Turbulence And Acousto-Optic Chaos Using Scattered Intensity Profiles Over Discrete Time Intervals, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fathi H.A. Mohamed

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent research, propagation of plane electromagnetic (EM) waves through a turbulent medium with modified von Karman phase characteristics was modeled and numerically simulated using transverse planar apertures representing narrow phase turbulence along the propagation path.

The case for extended turbulence was also studied by repeating the planar phase screens multiple times over the propagation path and incorporating diffractive effects via a split-step algorithm. The goal of the research reported here is to examine two random phenomena: (a) atmospheric turbulence due to von Karman-type phase fluctuations, and (b) chaos generated in an acousto-optic (A-O) Bragg cell under hybrid feedback. The …

Numerical Investigation Of The Nonlinear Dynamics Of A Hybrid Acousto-Optic Bragg Cell With A Variable Feedback Gain, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Hao Zhou

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Since around 1979, the operation of an acousto-optic Bragg cell under positive first-order feedback via amplification and delay in the loop has been studied extensively by several groups [1-3]. In recent work, the analysis of the nonlinear dynamics (NLD) of the system was extended to include bistable maps and Lyapunov exponents, and application of the chaos for signal encryption and decryption for uniform plane waves. The present work originated with the problem of a variable photodetector aperture opening relative to the first-order light. This potentially complex problem is simplified by assuming instead a variable feedback gain ( β ~ (t)), …

Electroencephalography(Eeg) Data Collection And Processing Through Machine Learning, Jayshree Desai

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Machine learning methods are an excellent way for understanding the neural basis of human decision making. Some machine learning systems try to eradicate the need for human intuition in data analysis whereas others embrace a collective approach between humans and machines. The objective of this project is to collect Electroencephalography (EEG) signals through wireless sensors, and the process the collected signals through machine learning methods. The EEG data is collected using three EEG electrodes, each being the positive, negative and ground terminals respectively. Since the signal measures in the unit of micro-volts it needs to be amplified using amplifier circuit. …

Optimum Design Of Spectral Efficient Green Wireless Communications, Gang Wang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the optimum design of spectral efficient green wireless communications. Energy efficiency (EE), which is defined as the inverse of average energy required to successfully deliver one information bit from a source to its destination, and spectral efficiency (SE), which is defined as the average data rate per unit bandwidth, are two fundamental performance metrics of wireless communication systems. We study the optimum designs of a wide range of practical wireless communication systems that can either maximize EE, or SE, or achieve a balanced tradeoff between the two metrics. There are three objectives in this dissertation. First, …

Performance Analysis Of Mobile Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols By Varying Mobility, Speed And Network Load, Nilotpal Sarmah

Department of Computer Electronics and Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

One of the most promising network that has emerged from the technology world is the mobile ad-hoc network or MANET. It is a type of multi-hop network. Wireless by nature, MANETs do not have a specific network infrastructure. It is a collection of wireless mobile devices that communicate with each other without the help of any third party backbone like a base-station or a router. It can be hard to imagine how every node in this type of network communicate with one another without having a router. In MANETs, nodes change locations with time, configure themselves and get the information …

Nonlocal And Quantum-Tunneling Contributions To Harmonic Generation In Nanostructures: Electron-Cloud-Screening Effects, Michael Scalora, Maria Antonietta Vincenti, Domenico De Ceglia, Joseph W. Haus

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Our theoretical examination of second- and third-harmonic generation from metal-based nanostructures predicts that nonlocal and quantum-tunneling phenomena can significantly exceed expectations based solely on local, classical electromagnetism. Mindful that the diameter of typical transition-metal atoms is approximately 3 Å, we adopt a theoretical model that treats nanometer-size features and/or subnanometer-size gaps or spacers by taking into account (i) the limits imposed by atomic size to fulfill the requirements of continuum electrodynamics, (ii) spillage of the nearly free electron cloud into the surrounding vacuum, and (iii) the increased probability of quantum tunneling as objects are placed in close proximity.

Our approach …

Path Loss Modeling For V2v Communication On A Slope, Pengyu Liu, David W. Matolak, Bo Ai, Ruoyu Sun

Faculty Publications

Path loss modeling for both regular and irregular terrains is still gaining significant attention from researchers. A sloped terrain is one specific kind of an irregular terrain that-as far as we are aware-has not been completely studied. Although some results have been published for slope path loss modeling in cellular communication, an adequate model for the case when the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) both have low-height antennas and are located on or near a slope does not exist. In this paper, for complete analysis of such conditions, we consider four scenarios: 1) two vehicles are located at opposite …

Grounded Ontology – A Proposed Methodology For Emergent Ontology Engineering, Syed Irfan Nabi, Zaheeruddin Asif

Business Review

This research posits that a domain ontology developed using text-coding technique contributes in conceptualizing and representing state-of-the-art as given by published research in a particular domain. The motivation behind this research is to provide means for creating a better understanding among the researchers through ontology that would present a clearer picture of any domain of interest. However, a general observation on ontology engineering methods is the domination of personal perspective of ontology developer and/or expert in the resultant ontology. Current ontology engineering methods bestow a primary role to ontology developer. Ontology thus developed is heavily biased towards the domain expert’s …

Scalable System Design For Covert Mimo Communications, Jason R. Pennington

Theses and Dissertations

In modern communication systems, bandwidth is a limited commodity. Bandwidth efficient systems are needed to meet the demands of the ever-increasing amount of data that users share. Of particular interest is the U.S. Military, where high-resolution pictures and video are used and shared. In these environments, covert communications are necessary while still providing high data rates. The promise of multi-antenna systems providing higher data rates has been shown on a small scale, but limitations in hardware prevent large systems from being implemented.

Rapid Battery Exchange Safety And Sensing, Ben John Froelich, Isaac Sungjin Kim

Electrical Engineering

The Rapid Battery Exchange system (RBX) swaps batteries in an electric van, allowing almost continuous operation of the vehicle. The RBX system is designed and built by The Cal Poly Electric Vehicle Engineering Club (EVEC). The system includes the exchange ramp, two battery packs, and the electric “G-Van.” While the vehicle drives using one of the battery packs, the other pack charges in the exchange ramp. When the van’s battery depletes, it drives onto the ramp and swaps the dead battery for the charged one, and the process repeats.

The RBX battery pack safety and sensing project divides into two …

Design Improvement For The Smart Dc Wall Plug, Cory Yee, Haoyan Huang

Electrical Engineering

The DC smart wall plug is a subsystem within the Cal Poly DC House Project. The previous version faces challenges supplying DC voltage to meet household appliances’ nominal values. Specifically, it can only output the minimum required voltage for DC appliances to operate, resulting in unwanted power loss. In addition, the maximum output voltage is rated at 15V, which is insufficient to power most DC appliances. This design improvement project incorporates NFC technology as a solution to overcome the power loss and a new buck converter configuration to increase the output voltage range. Additionally, the new design introduces short-circuit and …

Cnc Torch, Steven Chiu

Computer Engineering

This CNC Torch cuts steel plate. It can cut up to a maximum area of 3x3 feet. The user builds a cut list on the touchscreen from a selection of predefined shapes and enters the parameters need for each shape. When the user is ready, the cut list is sent to an Arduino that will move each motors accordingly to the shapes desired.