Power and Energy Commons^™

Hard Hat Ambient Liability Observer (Halo), Hunter Hykes, Nathan Kish, Brian Thomson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Capturing workplace incident information is a growing area of concern for most companies. To assist with this, the design team proposed the H.A.L.O. This design uses time-of-flight sensors connected to LEDs to create a proximity-based hazard warning system. It also records incident data using an accelerometer and micro-SD card. This helps workers avoid some of the most common workplace injuries, slips, trips, and falls and accidental collisions.

Students have created a design with engineering, and marketing requirements that accomplish this task. The proposed design allows for this monitoring and mitigation systems to be attached to hard hats. Team members developed …

Light Loaded Automated Guided Vehicle, Marcus Radtka, Nazar Paramashchuk, Lawrence Shevock

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The objective of the locomotion system was to design and implement the mechanical, electrical, and software related functions to ensure the LLAGV had the capability of maneuvering its surroundings. The LLAGV’s motors were represented in an open loop transfer function to utilize RPM feedback and a compensator when needed. The modeled compensator helped control the LLAGV’s speed and acceleration, enabling further control of the LLAGV. The internal circuitry has the means to properly distributed power to all components and allowed the user to control the LLAGV to their desire. The application software within the LLAGV locomotion system (LLAGV-LS) had consideration …

Additive And Interface Engineering Of Lead-Tin Mixed Low-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells For Higher Efficiency And Improved Stability, Nabin Ghimire

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lead (Pb) -Tin (Sn) mixed perovskites suffer from large open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss due to the rapid crystallization of perovskite film, creating Sn and Pb vacancies. Such vacancies act as defect sites expediting charge carrier recombination, thus hampering the charge carrier dynamics and optoelectronic properties of perovskite films. In the first project, we focused on the passivation of perovskite surface defects to increase the opencircuit voltage of the 1.25 eV low-bandgap perovskite solar cells by utilizing a trace amount of Phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) in the perovskite precursor solution as a doping agent. The incorporation of PEAI in perovskite precursors improved …

Low-Profile Wireless Passive Temperature Sensors, Ectis Velazquez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This thesis explores design challenges and promising solutions for temperature sensors for high temperature environments such as combustion turbines. To survive this high temperature environment of over 1000 °C the sensors are required to be robust in their electrical and mechanical properties. Wire connections for these high temperature environments are a complex problem due to the physical limitations of most materials at those high temperatures. In this thesis, robust ceramic sensors based on microwave resonators are demonstrated for high temperature environments, with some studies into optimizing the techniques used to measure them, as well as the distance at which their …

Computer Modeling Of Solar Thermal System With Underground Storage Tank For Space Heating, Mohammad Yousef Mousa Naser

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Space heating is required in almost every dwelling across the country for different periods of time. The thermal energy needed to meet a heating demand can be supplied using different conventional and/or renewable technologies. Solar energy is one example of a renewable resource that can be used for supplying heating needs. It can be utilized either by using photovoltaic panels to generate electricity, that in turn can be used to operate heaters, or by using solar thermal panels. Solar thermal panels obtain higher operating efficiencies than photovoltaic panels, but solar energy for heating purposes suffers from a mismatch between supply …

Utilizing Rotational Energy In Wind Turbine Blades With The Flywheel Mechanism And Predicting The Power Output By Neural Networking, Anamika Mishra

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As we expand and innovate for better and safer living, there will always be a need for new energy sources. By replacing fossil fuels, renewable energy is becoming a viable option for primary power generation. That is why researchers are turning their attention to renewable energy sources and ways of making the most of them. WIND ENERGY is a promising renewable and clean energy source harvested from the wind which is plentiful on the planet. We already have the technology to harvest it, but the efficiency and power output are not optimal. In this thesis, to enhance the energy harvesting …

Utilizing Rotational Energy In Wind Turbine Blades With The Flywheel Mechanism And Predicting The Power Output By Neural Networking, Anamika Mishra

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As we expand and innovate for better and safer living, there will always be a need for new energy sources. By replacing fossil fuels, renewable energy is becoming a viable option for primary power generation. That is why researchers are turning their attention to renewable energy sources and ways of making the most of them. WIND ENERGY is a promising renewable and clean energy source harvested from the wind which is plentiful on the planet. We already have the technology to harvest it, but the efficiency and power output are not optimal. In this thesis, to enhance the energy harvesting …

Consensus Based Control Strategy For Virtual Synchronous Generators In Microgrids, Anusha Kandula

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Renewable energy sources such as photo-voltaic and wind energy are integrating very rapidly in power systems. These energy-based systems typically adopt power-electronic interfaced inverters to connect to the grid. However, unlike traditional generators, these sources have low inertia, resulting in system stability issues, especially in microgrids where they are the primary sources. To mitigate the low-inertia effect, the inverters are modeled as virtual synchronous generators (VSG), and their control is designed. The VSG emulates the inertia effect of the synchronous generator and maintains the stability of the system. Even though the droop control provides the primary control, it is insufficient …

Electric Power Systems And Components For Electric Aircraft, Damien Lawhorn

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electric aircraft have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their potential for environmental and economic benefits over conventional airplanes. In order to offer competitive flight times and payload capabilities, electric aircraft power systems (EAPS) must exhibit extremely high efficiencies and power densities. While advancements in enabling technologies have progressed the development of high performance EAPS, further research is required.

One challenge in the design of EAPS is determining the best topology to be employed. This work proposes a new graph theory based method for the optimal design of EAPS. This method takes into account data surveyed from a …

Traveling Wave Fault Location Method For Distribution Systems With Distributed Generation, Oluwafeyisayo Afolabi

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Fault location is an important topic within electric power systems, as accurate fault location techniques will improve the reliability of the system and reduce downtime caused by outages. This paper explores fault location in distribution systems with distributed generation using the traveling wave fault location method. The single-ended and double-ended traveling wave methods are evaluated using a single-circuit distribution system which is modeled using MATLAB SIMULINK. The results are compared using a basis of signals and bus pairs across fault types, sampling rates and fault resistances.

Research On Power System State Estimation Problems – Series-Compensated Transmission Line Parameter And Load Model Parameter Estimation, Yiqi Zhang

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Transmission line and load model parameters are essential inputs to power system modeling and simulation, control, protection, operation, optimization, and planning. These parameters usually vary over time or under different operating conditions. Thus, reliable estimation methods are desired to ensure the accuracy of those parameters. This research focuses on estimation for transmission line parameters and the ZIP load model. The proposed estimation methods can use both online measurements and historical data of a specified duration. The parameters of long transmission lines with different series-compensation configurations are estimated using linear methods and optimal estimators with bad data detection capability. Additionally, Kalman …

Transmission-Level Impact Analysis Of Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Systems And Battery Energy Storage Grid Support, Gerald W. Bankes Ii

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Solar photovoltaic energy generation is expected to grow dramatically in coming years in order to take advantage of renewable and clean sources of electricity. This thesis presents research on the impact of increasing solar PV penetration, specifically of large, utility-scale PV facilities, on transmission network performance. The development of Python programming tools for automation of power flow analysis is presented. A modified version of the IEEE 118-Bus test system is developed and modified to simulate increasing PV generation on the transmission system. The impacts on performance are analyzed trends are reported. Battery energy storage systems are studied in this thesis …

Development Of A Mathematical Model For Galvanic Cells, Joshua C. Johnson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

It is possible to utilize principles of equilibrium thermodynamics to model the voltage a battery renders as it powers a load in time and discharges. Similarly, consideration of the internal chemistry inside a battery, or galvanic cell, enables modeling thereof. This paper builds upon these principles and presents a derivation of the Nernst equation that utilizes this result to model discharge curves in time for different types of batteries. The Nernst equation relates chemical activity of the reagents inside a battery to the open circuit voltage rendered by the system. By combining the Nernst equation with Faraday's laws of electrolysis, …

Coordinated Control For Dc Energy Hubs Involving Ders, Evs, And Subway Systems, Rohama Ahmad

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Molecular To Macroscopic Understanding Of Chloroaluminate Anion Intercalation In Rechargeable Aluminum-Graphite Batteries, Jeffrey Xu

Dissertations and Theses

Today’s global energy challenges pose an urgent need to electrify transportation and better store intermittent renewable energy sources (e.g., solar and wind energy). For such large-scale battery applications, aluminum batteries are a promising “beyond lithium-ion” technology due to the high volumetric capacity, earth abundance, low-cost, and inherent safety of aluminum metal. However, there are very few compatible positive electrode materials that exhibit high energy density and cycling stability, in part due to the challenges of electrochemically intercalating highly charged Al³⁺ cations. Recently, graphite has been demonstrated as a promising positive electrode material in non-aqueous rechargeable aluminum batteries, which store …

Control Hierarchies For Critical Infrastructures In Smart Grid Using Reinforcement Learning And Metaheuristic Optimization, Oindrilla Dutta

Dissertations and Theses

The objective of this work is to develop robust control framework for interdependent smart grid infrastructures comprising two critical infrastructures: 1) power distribution networks that are characterized by high penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs), and 2) DC-rail transportation systems in congested urban areas. The rising integration of DERs into the power grid is causing a paradigm shift in the power distribution network. Consequently, new control challenges for efficient and robust operation of the power grid have surfaced. For instance, the intermittency of renewable energy resources necessitates coordinated control of power flows, voltage regulators, and protection device settings of the …

Voltage Security Optimization For Power Transmission Systems, Tamer Ibrahim

Dissertations and Theses

This project proposes an optimization approach for day-ahead reactive power planning to ensure voltage security in transmission networks. The problem is formulated as a voltage-secure multi-period optimal reactive power dispatch (MP-ORPD) problem. The optimization approach searches for optimal set-points of dynamic and static reactive power (var) resources. Specifically, the output includes set-points for switching shunts, transformer taps, and voltage magnitudes at the regulated buses. The primary goal is to maximize the dynamic reactive power reserve of the system, by minimizing the reactive power supplied by synchronous generators. The secondary goal is to minimize changes in the settings of switching shunts …

การเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของแผงโซล่าเซลล์ด้วยระบบฮีทไปป์คูลลิ่ง, ธนกฤต ลาภวุฒิพจน์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้เป็นการศึกษาการเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของแผงโซล่าเซลล์ ด้วยระบบฮีทไปป์คูลลิ่ง ในการทดลอง ใช้แผงโซล่าเซลล์ 2 แผง คือ แผงโซล่าเซลล์แบบปกติ ใช้เป็นข้อมูลอ้างอิง และ แผงโซล่าเซลล์แบบติดตั้งฮีทไปป์เพื่อใช้ลดอุณหภูมิแผง ตัวแปรติดตามในการศึกษา ประกอบด้วย ความเข้มแสงอาทิตย์ กำลังไฟฟ้าที่แผงผลิตได้ อุณหภูมิของแผงโซล่าเซลล์ อุณหภูมิท่อฮีทไปป์ และ อุณหภูมิอากาศภายนอก ในการศึกษาทดลองครั้งนี้จะเก็บข้อมูลทุกๆ 15 นาที ตั้งแต่เวลา 8.00 ถึง 16.15 นาฬิกา เป็นเวลา 14 วัน ท่อฮีทไปป์ที่ใช้เป็นท่อทองแดงกลมมีเกลียวภายในทำหน้าที่เป็นวิก ท่อฮีทไปป์ใช้น้ำกลั่นเป็นของไหลใช้งาน และฮีทไปป์ทั้งหมด 7 ท่อถูกติดตั้งที่บริเวณด้านหลังของแผงโซล่าเซลล์ จากการวิเคราะห์พบว่า แผงโซล่าเซลล์แบบปกติมีอุณหภูมิเฉลี่ย 52.5 องศาเซลเซียส และมีพลังงานต่อปี 199.7 kWh ส่วนแผงแบบติดตั้งระบบฮีทไปป์ มีอุณหภูมิเฉลี่ย 51.1 องศาเซลเซียส และมีพลังงานต่อปี 222.3 kWh ดังนั้นแผงโซล่าเซลล์แบบติดตั้งฮีทไปป์ ช่วยลดอุณหภูมิได้ 1.44 องศาเซลเซียส หรือร้อยละ 2.7 และ มีค่าพลังงานต่อปีมากกว่าแผงแบบปกติ 22.6 kWh หรือร้อยละ 11.3

การผลิตแก๊สสังเคราะห์จากแกซิฟิเคชันร่วมเชิงเร่งปฏิกิริยาของชีวมวลและเอทานอล, พิชชาภา จันทร์อ้น

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการศึกษาการผลิตแก๊สสังเคราะห์จากแกซิฟิเคชันร่วมเชิงเร่งปฏิกิริยาของชีวมวลจากชานอ้อยและเอทานอลในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์แบบเบดนิ่งที่ความดันบรรยากาศ โดยทำการศึกษาผลของอุณหภูมิที่ใช้ในการทำปฏิกิริยา ผลของปริมาณเอทานอลในสารร่วมแกซิฟาย และผลของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา NiO/MgO/Al2O3 ที่มีผลต่อองค์ประกอบของแก๊สสังเคราะห์ จากการทดลองพบว่าเมื่อเพิ่มอุณหภูมิที่ 800 องศาเซลเซียส สามารถให้ผลได้ของแก๊สผลิตภัณฑ์มากที่สุดในกรณีที่ไม่มีสารเติมแต่ง และตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา เมื่อเพิ่มปริมาณเอทานอลในสารร่วมแกซิฟายจะพบว่าส่งผลเชิงบวกต่อผลได้ของแก๊สผลิตภัณฑ์ โดยมีไฮโดรเจน คาร์บอนมอนอออกไซด์ และมีเทน เป็นองค์ประกอบหลักและส่งผลให้คุณภาพของแก๊สสังเคราะห์ดีขึ้น แต่เมื่อพิจารณาถึงต้นทุนในการผลิตพบว่าปริมาณเอทานอลร้อยละ 10 โดยปริมาตร เหมาะสมที่สุด ดังนั้นเอทานอลจากกระบวนการหมักชีวมวลที่ไม่ผ่านกระบวนการกลั่นให้บริสุทธิ์สามารถนำมาใช้ร่วมในกระบวนการได้ นอกจากนี้พบว่าการใช้ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา NiO/MgO/Al2O3 ช่วยเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการสลายตัวของทาร์และเพิ่มผลได้ของแก๊สผลิตภัณฑ์มากขึ้น

Development Of A Preliminary Energy Assessment Tool For Alternative Cooling System, Pinsuda Netphasom

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In recent years, an absorption chiller coupled with solar technologies has been presented as a solution to decrease the amount of electricity consumption. The absorption chiller technology primarily consumes thermal energy instead of electricity to generate the chilled water. In addition, this technology can take advantage of waste energy and renewable resources like solar power. Solar photovoltaic and thermal collectors produce electrical and thermal energy to assist the alternative cooling system as a renewable resource. These solar and absorption technologies are promising solutions to reduce energy consumption and reduce the environmental impact caused by greenhouse gases. This study aims to …