Smart Home System Prototype, Comparing And Evaluating Current Technologies,
2012
Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at El Paso
Smart Home System Prototype, Comparing And Evaluating Current Technologies, Marco Antonio López, David Guzman, Virgilio Gonzalez
COURI Symposium Abstracts, Summer 2012
Imagine a world where blackouts can be prevented, reduced, or even removed completely. This one of the many benefits a Smart Grid would bring. The integration of the Smart Grid would bring all these benefits by being able to transfer information through all stages of electricity; generation, distribution, and consumption. This research is concentrated on the Smart Home –the consumption stage of electricity. Specifically, on technologies available that can be used towards the designing of the Smart Home. Before being able to design a Smart Home, it is necessary to decide which technologies are best for the job; be it …
Low Power Sigma Delta Converter,
2012
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso
Low Power Sigma Delta Converter, Noel P. Martinez, Praveen K. Palakurthi, Eric Macdonald
COURI Symposium Abstracts, Summer 2012
Sub threshold technology allows for circuits to run at their best efficiency with the lowest amount of energy possible. The aim of this research was to combine this technology along with radiation hardness, or the ability for circuits to resist radiation without getting corrupted data. A chip that can convert digital data into analog data (DAC) was created and programmed using verilog, a Hardware Description Language (HDL). With verilog, we created digital data that would eventually be fed into the chip using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board. We tested our digital data using a test bench on the computer …
Comments On Internal Alternating Current Resistance Test Standard And Methods Of Lithium-Ion Batteries,
2012
Weifang Wina Green Power Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262705, Shandong, China
Comments On Internal Alternating Current Resistance Test Standard And Methods Of Lithium-Ion Batteries, Ya-Li Zhang, Sen Xin, Yu-Guo Guo, Li-Jun Wan
Journal of Electrochemistry
The sustainable development of energy and environment is one of the most influential issues of this century. Batteries, especially secondary batteries are important for powering out daily life. However, in many practical applications, such as in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, batteries should be used in packs and the performance consistency of each battery in the pack should be taken into consideration. As one of the performance parameters being used to characterize the battery consistency, internal resistance is of great importance to the industrial fabrication and the use of batteries. Currently, internal resistance tests of secondary batteries, such as …
Simple Analysis And Possible Solutions Of The Unusual Interfacial Reactions In Li-S Batteries,
2012
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
Simple Analysis And Possible Solutions Of The Unusual Interfacial Reactions In Li-S Batteries, Xin-Ping Ai, Yu-Liang Cao, Han-Xi Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Rechargeable Li-S batteries are a promising power source with realizable energy densities several times higher than current Li-ion batteries. However, the capacity utilization and cycling stability of the existing Li-S technologies are still insufficient for battery applications. The causes for the electrochemical instability of this redox system arise probably from the changes in the surface structures and electrochemical microenvironments of the Li anode and sulfur cathode during charge-discharge reactions, which includes the frustrated electron transfer in the sulfur-carbon interface, the dissoluble diffusion of the polysulfide intermediates, and the shuttle reaction inbetween the sulfur and Li electrodes. To deal with these …
Application Of First Principles Calculations In Anode Materials For Lithium Ion Batteries,
2012
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China
Application Of First Principles Calculations In Anode Materials For Lithium Ion Batteries, Tian-Ran Zhang, Dai-Xin Li, Si-Qi Yang, Zhan-Liang Tao, Jun Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
First principles calculations play an important role in the study and development of new materials for lithium batteries. In this paper, we review the application of first principles calculations in the design of anode materials, including the modeling of the interaction of lithium in the anode materials, capacity, voltage, electrochemical reaction process, diffusion, rate capability, the relationship between the structure and properties, and the experimental phenomena interpreting. Based on the discussions, we emphasize on the importance of first principles calculations and demonstrate their requirement for further development.
An Overview Of Electrode Materials In Microbial Fuel Cells,
2012
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Ecological Diagnosis-Remediation and Pollution Control, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
An Overview Of Electrode Materials In Microbial Fuel Cells, Su-Qin Ci, Na Wu, Zhen-Hai Wen, Jing-Hong Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that can directly convert organic chemical energy into electrical energy with microbial as catalysts. MFCs are a promising bio-electrochemical system with the potential to degrade organic sewage and produce electricity. This article supplies a critical and comprehensive review for the electrode materials concerning about anode and cathode in MFCs, including the fabrications, functional modifications and surface constructions of electrode materials, as well as their applications in MFCs. Additionally, the existing problems of electrode materials in current MFCs have been demonstrated in order to provide the guideline for exploring the next-generation electrode materials for MFCs.
The Electrocatalytic Performance Of Pd Catalysts Supported On Pvp Modified Mwcnts For Formic Acid Oxidation,
2012
1. State Key Laboratory of Electro-Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advaneed Power Sources .Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Aeademy of Seienees, Changchun 130022, China; 2. Graduate School ofthe Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
The Electrocatalytic Performance Of Pd Catalysts Supported On Pvp Modified Mwcnts For Formic Acid Oxidation, Jing Zhang, Xiao Zhao, Chang-Peng Liu, Wei Xing
Journal of Electrochemistry
In this paper the MWCNTs were modified by Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) to support Pd nanoparticles, which were used as the catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation. And the performance of Pd/PVP-MWCNTs catalysts was studied by electrochemical measurements. The observations from Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) illustrated that the Pd nanoparticles with a small size and narrow size distribution were highly dispersed on PVP-MWCNT support. Therefore, the Pd/PVP-MWCNTs catalysts showed excellent catalytic activity for formic acid electrooxidation.
Novel Molten-Salt Electrolysis Processes Towards Low-Carbon Metallurgy,
2012
School of Resouree and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan liniversity, Wuhan 430072, China
Novel Molten-Salt Electrolysis Processes Towards Low-Carbon Metallurgy, Wei Xiao, Hua Zhu, Hua-Yi Yin, De-Hua Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
This review focuses on recent developments in molten-salt electrolytic metallurgical processes with respect to 1) high-efficiency metallurgical technologies via electrolytic reduction of solid oxides in molten chlorides and 2) zero-carbon-footprint electrochemical splitting metallurgical technologies. Initiating with an introduction on dynamic solid/solid/liquid three-phrase interlines electrochemistry for electrochemical reduction of solid cathode, the former aspect is discussed in terms of facilitating mass transfer throughout solid cathode, one-step production of functional alloy powders with the assistance of under-potential electroreduction of active metals and near-net-shape production of metal/alloy components. Whilst the latter is summarized by introducing some zero-carbon molten-salt electrolytic technologies including electro-splitting of …
Preparation And Electrochemical Performance Of Tio2/Gns Nanocomposite As Anode Materials For Lithium-Ion Batteries,
2012
State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
Preparation And Electrochemical Performance Of Tio2/Gns Nanocomposite As Anode Materials For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Lin-Lin Qin, Huan Zhang, Xiao-Jing Liu, Jian-Hui Xu, Yi-Ning Shi, Ming-Sen Zheng, Quan-Feng Dong
Journal of Electrochemistry
The honeycomb-like porous TiO2/graphenes (TiO2/GNs) nanocomposite was prepared by a reflux method. SEM and TEM results showed that nanosized anatase TiO2 (about 5~10 nm) were dispersed uniformly on the surface of the GNs. The TiO2/GNs composite showed excellent rate and cycling performance: A stable charge capacity of 169.5 mAh·g-1 was obtained at 30C, and can restore to 241.7 mAh·g-1 while current went back to 1C. The stable charge capacity of TiO2/GNs nanocomposite electrode up to 201.9 mAh·g-1 was achieved at 10C in the first cycle, and could be …
Methodological Significance Of "Property-Activity Relationship" For Catalyst Studies,
2012
Hubei Key Lab ofElectrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Moleeular Sciences, Wuhan lniversity, Wuhan 430072, China
Methodological Significance Of "Property-Activity Relationship" For Catalyst Studies, Jun-Tao Lu, Li Xiao, De-Li Wang, Yu-Bao Sun, Yan-Ge Suo, Lin Zhuang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Instead of attempting the structure-activity relationship (SAR), which is commonly regarded as the core problem for catalyst studies, this paper highlights the methodological significance of “property-activity relationship (PAR)”. The “property” here refers to an index （such as the adsorption energy of an intermediate） or a group of indexes reflecting the behavior of a catalyst which interacts with reactants or intermediates, and is a bridge between structure and activity. Because property is related to activity more directly than structure to activity, PAR should be simpler, less difficult and, therefore, more feasible to be accessed than SAR. Once the key property is …
Synthesis Of Spherical Ni3S4 By Solvothermal Method As Supercapacitor Electrodes,
2012
Institute of New Energy and Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy MaterialsChemistry-Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China
Synthesis Of Spherical Ni3S4 By Solvothermal Method As Supercapacitor Electrodes, Qing-Na Huan, Li-Fang Jiao, Qing-Hong Wang, Hong-Mei Du, Jia-Qin Yang, Wen-Xiu Peng, Yi-Jing Wang, Hua-Tang Yuan
Journal of Electrochemistry
The Ni3S4 microspheres have been synthesized via a facile solvothermal method. The crystal structure and surface morphology are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microspherical Ni3S4 exhibits good electrochemical capacitance validated by electrochemical measurements. The specific capacities of 1120.6 F∙g-1 at 0.5 A∙g-1 and 433.4 F∙g-1 at 4 A∙g-1 with the capacitance retention of 89.37 % and 84.88 % were obtained after 1000 cycles, respectively. The electrochemical reaction is expected due to the transformation of Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH based on the XRD, XPS and CV …
An Application Of Con-Resistant Trust To Improve The Reliability Of Special Protection Systems Within The Smart Grid,
2012
Air Force Institute of Technology
An Application Of Con-Resistant Trust To Improve The Reliability Of Special Protection Systems Within The Smart Grid, Crystal M. Shipman
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis explores an application of a con-resistant trust mechanism to improve the performance of communications-based special protection systems to further enhance their effectiveness and resiliency. New initiatives in the energy sector are paving the way for the emergent communications-based smart grid technology. Smart grids incorporate modern technologies in an effort to be more reliable and efficient. However, with the benefits of this new technology comes added risk. This research utilizes a con-resistant trust mechanism as a method to quickly identify malicious or malfunctioning protection system nodes in order to mitigate the resulting instabilities in the smart grid. The feasibility …
Agenda: A Low-Carbon Energy Blueprint For The American West,
2012
University of Colorado Law School
Agenda: A Low-Carbon Energy Blueprint For The American West, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center, University Of Colorado Boulder. Renewable And Sustainable Energy Institute, Western Resource Advocates, Rocky Mountain Research Station (Fort Collins, Colo.)
A Low-Carbon Energy Blueprint for the American West (Martz Summer Conference, June 6-8)
The future of the planet may depend upon our ability to increase energy supplies even as we reduce carbon emissions. This conference will address how a low-carbon energy program might evolve with a particular focus on the American West. It will focus on the future of energy in the West--on a “managed transition” to a different energy mix, on the need to nest this effort in a framework that acknowledges interconnections, and on identifying the most salient opportunities to consider the legal, political, financial, and technical challenges.
Compulsator Design For Electromagnetic Railgun System,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Compulsator Design For Electromagnetic Railgun System, Bryan Bennett
Electrical Engineering
This project designed, fabricated, and partially tested a compensated pulsed alternator (compulsator) to power an electromagnetic rail gun (EMRG) in a multidisciplinary team. The EMRG team includes two master’s AERO students, two senior EE students, and three senior ME students. Design of the compulsator began with research through conference and research papers. This design was changed throughout the project as system analysis and component testing exposed unforeseen system limitations. While original specifications were not met, all fabricated components but one, the stator, were completed using Cal Poly’s facilities and the project’s limited available budget. Experimental verification of calculations and system …
Hearst Hydroelectric Generation Facility,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Hearst Hydroelectric Generation Facility, Anthony Schifano, Richard Wright, Nick Buchanan, Corey Nakai, Joshua Rutheiser
Electrical Engineering
This project proposes a power plant design that provides a supplemental source of electricity for appliances, machinery, and lighting at Hearst Castle and Ranch. The design concept includes a turbine-generator combination to convert kinetic and gravitational potential energy from the existing water distribution system to electrical energy: also known as a hydroelectric plant. The electrical distribution system from the plant to the local grid takes advantage of power flow techniques utilized in current research and industry.
Retrofitting A Car Alternator For Low-Speed Power Generation,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Retrofitting A Car Alternator For Low-Speed Power Generation, Yuri Carrillo
Electrical Engineering
This report presents the analysis and methods taken to appropriately modify a car alternator to operate as a low speed generator for wind or hydro power generation. A Toyota car alternator taken from a junkyard is characterized via an Open-Circuit test to evaluate its operating specifications. The car alternator is also measured to determine its physical dimensions. The acquired values are used with the generated voltage equation to determine the machine’s unknown rotor values— the product of the rotor winding factor and the number of rotor windings (kfNf). Using the generated voltage equation with the determined machine parameters, the number …
High Efficiency Audio Amplifier,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
High Efficiency Audio Amplifier, Grant Moore
Electrical Engineering
This project combines the advantages of high efficiency of power electronics with the existing high fidelity of audio amplifiers. The result will be functionally equivalent to existing amplifiers but will use considerably less energy. A complete system was designed, simulated, built and tested in a period of three quarters. The end result is an amplifier that functions, but would not be suitable for commercial marketing. Suggestions to improve the performance are provided.
Design And Simulation Of Interconnected H-Bridge Inverter,
2012
California Polytechnic State University – San Luis Obispo
Design And Simulation Of Interconnected H-Bridge Inverter, Samuel Muehleck
Computer Engineering
In this project, the research, design and simulation of an interconnected H-bridge single-phase inverter was explored. The inverter design was divided into three separate sections. First, a VHDL programmed CPLD was used to generate control signals for the transistors of the inverter circuit. Second, power electronics was used to create an inverter circuit to change a DC input to a 60 Hz AC output. Lastly, additional circuits were used to link the generated control signals to the MOSFET transistors of the inverter circuit. The operation of the three components was then validated with computer simulations. Results of computer simulation demonstrate …
A Proposed Control Solution For The Cal Poly Wind Energy Capture System,
2012
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
A Proposed Control Solution For The Cal Poly Wind Energy Capture System, Kent R. Burnett
Master's Theses
The focus of this thesis is to research, analyze, and design a reliable and economical control system for the Cal Poly Wind Energy Capture System (WECS). A dynamic permanent magnet generator model is adopted from [1] and [2] and combined with an existing wind turbine model to create a non-linear time varying model in MATLAB. The model is then used to analyze potentially harmful electrical disturbances, and to define safe operating limits for the WECS. An optimal operating point controller utilizing a PID speed loop is designed with combined optimization criteria and the final controller design …
Multipolymer Interactions In Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices,
2012
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Multipolymer Interactions In Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices, Grant Olson
Physics
Multipolymer photovoltaics, single layer devices made up of multiple photoactive polymers, can create organic photovoltaics (OPVs) with a wider spectral response than single polymer systems without the difficult fabrication of a tandem. Our group has successfully created multipolymer solar devices with 2% power conversion efficiency. We have analyzed the optical and electrical properties of these devices, and found that it may be possible for polymers to assist each other with charge extraction, though combining polymers disrupts single polymer crystallinity.
