Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Wireless Sensor Network For Energy And Environmental Monitoring: Helping Old Buildings Go Green, Jacob Power

Electrical Engineering

Today, the rising cost of energy and social trend of “going green” has put increasing pressure on commercial property owners to improve the efficiency of their investments.  There is good reason for this, too.  In the State of California, office buildings represent the single largest user of energy in the commercial sector.  This project consisted of the design, implementation, construction, testing, and deployment of a wireless sensor network for energy and environmental monitoring in retrofit commercial office installations.  The analyzed data generated by this system can be used by building management and owners to identify areas of inefficiency within the …

Photovoltaic Emulator Adaptable To Irradiance, Temperature And Panel Specific I-V Curves, Joseph Gamos Durago

Master's Theses

This thesis analyzes the design and performance of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator. With increasing interest in renewable energies, large amounts of money and effort are being put into research and development for photovoltaic systems. The larger interest in PV systems has increased demand for appropriate equipment with which to test PV systems.

A photovoltaic emulator is a power supply with similar current and voltage characteristics as a PV panel. This work uses an existing power supply which is manipulated via Labview to emulate a photovoltaic panel. The emulator calculates a current-voltage (I-V) curve based on the user specified parameters of …

Efficient Packet Delivery In Modern Communication Networks, Nan Wang

Dissertations

Modern communication networks are often designed for diverse applications, such as voice, data and video. Packet-switching is often adapted in today’s networks to transmit multiple types of traffic. In packet-switching networks, network performance is directly affected by how the networks handle their packets. This work addresses the packet-handling issues from the following two aspects: Quality of Service (QoS) and network coding.

QoS has been a well-addressed issue in the study of IP-based networks. Generally, nodes in a network need to be informed of the state of each communication link in order to make intelligent decisions to route packets according to …

Optimizing Resource Allocation In Next-Generation Optical Access Networks, Jingjing Zhang

Dissertations

To meet rapidly increasing traffic demands caused by the popularization of Internet and the spouting of bandwidth-demanding applications, Passive Optical Networks (PONs) exploit the potential capacities of optical fibers, and are becoming promising future-proof access network technologies. On the other hand, for a broader coverage area and higher data rate, integrated optical and wireless access is becoming a future trend for wireless access. This thesis investigates three next-generation access networks: Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) PONs, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) PONs, and WDM Radio-Over-Fiber (RoF) Picocellular networks.

To address resource allocation problems in these three networks, this thesis first investigates respective …

Digital Image Forensics, Fei Long

Theses

Digital image forensics is a relatively new research field that aims to expose the origin and composition of, and the history of processing applied to digital images. Hence, the digital image forensics is expected to be of significant importance to our modern society in which the digital media are getting more and more popular. In this thesis, image tampering detection and classification of double JPEG compression are the two major subjects studied. Since any manipulation applied to digital images changes image statistics, identifying statistical artifacts becomes critically important in image forensics. In this thesis, a few typical forensic techniques have …

Design And Evaluation Of An Adaptable Vector Coprocessor For Multicores, Timothy William Steele

Theses

Future applications for multi-core processor systems will require increased signal processing power along with increased resource utilization and decreased power consumption. Conservative power consumption will be of paramount importance primarily for battery-powered portable multi-core platforms (e.g., advanced cell phones, tablet computers, etc.). This thesis investigates the robustness, efficiency and effectiveness of vector coprocessor sharing policies in multi-core environments. Vector coprocessor sharing is based on an innovative design for a vector lane that forms the building block for the creation of larger vector coprocessors. This innovative lane design contains a floating-point multiply unit, a floating-point add/subtract unit, a miscellaneous function unit, …

Principal Angles And Principal Azimuths Of Frustrated Total Internal Reflection And Optical Tunneling By An Embedded Low-Index Thin Film, R. M.A. Azzam, F. F. Sudradjat

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The condition for obtaining a differential (or ellipsometric) quarter-wave retardation when p- and s-polarized light of wavelength λ experience frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) and optical tunneling at angles of incidence ϕ≥ the critical angle by a transparent thin film (medium 1) of low refractive index n1 and uniform thickness d, which is embedded in a transparent bulk medium 0 of high refractive index n0 takes the simple form: −tanh2x=tanδptanδs , in whichx=2πn1(d/λ)(N2sin2ϕ−1)1/2 , N=n0/n1 , and δp , δs are 01 interface Fresnel reflection phase shifts for the pand s polarizations. From this condition, the …

Led Device Having Improved Light Output, Ronald S. Cok, Michael E. Miller

AFIT Patents

A thin-film, white-light-emitting diode device includes a reflective, conductive thin-film structure and a semi-transparent, conductive thin-film structure. One or more thin-film layers are formed between the reflective and semi-transparent conductive thin-film structures to form two or more commonly-controlled microcavity structures. The thin-film layers emit white light in response to current provided by the conductive thin-film structure. Each of the two or more commonly-controlled microcavity structures has a different resonant frequency within one or more optical cavities and emits light with a smaller spectral range than the spectral range of the white-light-emitting thin-film layer(s). A combination of light emitted from the …

Passive Matrix Electro-Luminescent Display System, Michael E. Miller, John F. Hamilton Jr., Andrew D. Arnold

AFIT Patents

A passive matrix, electro-luminescent display system has a passive matrix, electro-luminescent display having an orthogonally oriented array of column and row electrodes and an electro-luminescent layer located between the electrodes at the intersection of each column and row electrode forming an individual light-emitting element. Drivers provide separate signals at different times to different groups of row electrodes within the array of row electrodes; wherein the row electrodes of each group simultaneously receive at least two different level signals. A display driver receives and processes the input image signal to provide a presharpened image control signal. Column drivers respond to the …

Examination Of Chaotic Signal Encryption And Recovery For Secure Communication Using Hybrid Acousto-Optic Feedback, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Mohammed A. Al-Saedi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Generation of chaos from acousto-optic (A-O)Bragg cell modulators with an electronic feedback has been studied for over 3 decades. Since an acousto-optic Bragg cell with zeroth- and first-order feedback exhibits chaotic behavior past the threshold for bistability, such a system was recently examined for possible chaotic encryption of simple messages (such as a low-amplitude sinusoidal signal) applied via the bias input of the sound cell driver. Subsequent recovery of the message signal was carried out via a heterodyne-type strategy employing a locally generated chaotic carrier, with threshold parameters matched to the transmitting Bragg cell.

In this paper, we present numerical …

Development Of A Reconfigurable Multi-Faceted Communications Device Using Partial Dynamic Reconfiguration, Richard Dunkley

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Supporting a variety of communication protocols has typically required extensive hard- ware and Input/Output (I/O) interfaces targeting each protocol specifically. Recent designs in the past ten years have created more dynamic approaches by using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and embedded hardware to implement or simulate previous hardware I/O designs. With the constant increase in FPGA and embedded technologies the capabilities of dynamic implementations have expanded. This report addresses the design of an up-to-date reconfigurable multi-faceted embedded device targeting recent technological advances in FPGAs.

Energy Harvesting From Elliptical Machines Using Four-Switch Buck-Boost Topology, Alvin Jay Hilario

Master's Theses

This thesis presents the topic of using the Four-Switch Buck-Boost topology as a DC-DC converter for the Energy Harvesting from Elliptical Machines Project. The project works toward providing a modular synchronous power generation system. Due to the dynamic and sporadic output voltage and power characteristics of the Precor elliptical machine, the system requires a DC-DC converter as a voltage preregulator. The inherent wide input range, high efficiency, and low parts cost of this converter well suit the application. This paper further discusses other topologies and their shortcomings, as well as characterizes the Precor elliptical machine and Enphase Microinverter for interfacing. …

Elliptical Machine Dc-Dc Converter For The Energy Harvesting From Exercise Machines Project, Greg Hollister

Electrical Engineering

Designing a DC/DC Converter for the Cal Poly Energy Harvesting from Exercise Machines project requires special attention to the unique operating characteristics of the source and the load. An elliptical machine powered by a person exercising comprises the source, while an AC Inverter makes up the load. This project attempts to integrate the two devices with a custom DC/DC Converter in order to ultimately deliver power back into the power grid.

Electrical Switching Studies Of Chalcogenide-Based Ion-Conducting Variable Resistance Devices, Beth Rose Cook

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

In this work, ion-conducting devices using layers of chalcogenide materials are explored as potential non-volatile memory devices. This technology is also known in the literature as conductively bridged RAM (CBRAM), programmable metallization cell (PMC), and programmable conductor RAM (PCRAM; not to be confused with the acronym PCRAM as used to denote phase-change memory).

Electrical measurements with five different programming currents at four temperatures have been performed on two-terminal devices comprised of silver with a metal-selenide and germanium-chalcogenide layer. The metal-selenide layer is Sb₂Se₃, SnSe, PbSe, In₂Se₃, or Ag₂Se. The germanium-chalcogenide …

Optical And Raman Characterization Of Ald Alumina Coated Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes And Nanoporous Gold Film, Naod Belai

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Due to their large surface to volume ratio nanostructures are inherently unstable. To insure long term stability of nano-devices, they have to be rendered inert to their environment. In this study, nanoporous gold films(NPGF) and multiwall carbon nanotubes were coated with ALD alumina of varying thicknesses. Subsequently, the plasmonic property of the former and electronic property of the latter was monitored by Transmittance and Raman Spectroscopy respectively. Transmittance spectra revealed that NPGF passivated by ALD-alumina maintains its plasmonic properties, i.e. its LSPR supporting properties remained intact. Raman spectra of ALD alumina passivated MWNTs show no coating induced changes in its …

Electric Motor & Power Source Selection For Small Aircraft Propulsion, Jeremy Fehrenbacher, David L. Stanley, Mary E. Johnson Dr., Jeffrey Honchell

Purdue Polytechnic Directed Projects

The research conducted in this project is on electrical propulsion in aviation. A Cessna 172K aircraft with a Lycoming O-320-E2D piston engine serves as a baseline measurement. Investigation of the components required for electrical flight is performed, and components are selected based on market availability and operational performance criteria.

This research focuses on electrical propulsion in the aviation industry, and is tailored to aircraft within the General Aviation sector leading to the following research question: Can current electric motor and battery technologies conceptually support flight operations for a Cessna 172K in terms of aircraft performance criteria?

The results explore the …

Mechatronics Application To Solar Tracking, Danny L. Rodriguez Jr

Purdue Polytechnic Directed Projects

The purpose of this was to design and implement a two-axis solar tracking system utilizing the National Instruments C-Rio real time controller. In order to accomplish this a prototype was modeled in CAD. This prototype used two 12 V DC motors to change a solar panel's rotation and tilt based on feedback data from three cadmium sulfide photoresistors. This configuration was chosen for its ability to create both a left-right rotational and an up/down tilt differential. In Addition this approach uses National Instruments Labview to control a solar tracking system. Using Labview add uniqueness to this project by adding a …

Scalar Em Beam Propagation In Inhomogeneous Media, John M. Jarem, Partha P. Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In the previous chapter, we reviewed some of the mathematical preliminaries that will be useful later on in the text. In this chapter, we discuss some of the basic concepts of scalar wave propagation, and discuss an important numerical method, called the beam propagation method (BPM), to study propagation in linear media and in media with induced nonlinearities. Furthermore, we also discuss propagation through induced gratings, both transmission and reflection type, in order to assess energy coupling between participating waves. Finally, we introduce readers to an important characterization method, called the z-scan method, which is often used to determine the …

The Solvent Effectiveness On Extraction Process Of Seaweed Pigment, Warkoyo Warkoyo, Elfi Anis Saati

Makara Journal of Technology

Eucheuma cottonii seaweed is a species of seaweed cultured in Indonesian waters, because its cultivation is relatively easy and inexpensive. It has a wide variety of colors from green to yellow green, gray, red and brown, indicating photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll and carotenoids. An important factor in the effectiveness of pigment extraction is the choice of solvent. The correct type of solvent in the extraction method of specific natural materials is important so that a pigment with optimum quality that is also benefical to the society can be produced. The target of this research is to obtain a high …

Design And Analysis Of A Wind Energy Harvesting Circuit Using Piezoelectric Polymers, Jameson J. Thornton

Master's Theses

This thesis investigates a relatively new method for harvesting wind energy by using flexible piezoelectric polymers with additional sails to increase their ability to harvest wind energy. This paper also introduces a new topology deemed the “stacked buck” that allows for multiple inputs to a system with a single output. Derivations and analysis detail the workings of the “stacked buck” with a laboratory test to show a working model. This paper also reports another experiment done in a wind tunnel to analyze the capability of the piezoelectric polymers as sources to the “stacked buck” topology with measurements of the power …