Application Of Scanning Correlation Spectroscopy Techniques To Quantify Dna Double Strand Break Repair Kinetics In The Living Cell After Exposure To Γ-Rays And Radiomimetic Chemicals,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Application Of Scanning Correlation Spectroscopy Techniques To Quantify Dna Double Strand Break Repair Kinetics In The Living Cell After Exposure To Γ-Rays And Radiomimetic Chemicals, Salim Abdisalaam
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
The kinetics of most proteins involved in DNA damage sensing, signaling and repair following ionizing radiation exposure cannot be quantified by current live cell fluorescence microscopy methods. This is because most of these proteins, with only few notable exceptions, do not attach in large numbers at DNA damage sites to form easily detectable foci in microscopy images. As a result a high fluorescence background from freely moving and immobile fluorescent proteins in the nucleus masks the aggregation of proteins at sparse DNA damage sites. Currently, the kinetics of these repair proteins are studied by laser-induced damage and Fluorescence Recovery After …
Development Of Sers Nanoprobes For Multiplexed And Multi-Modality Molecular Diagnosis Of Cancer,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Development Of Sers Nanoprobes For Multiplexed And Multi-Modality Molecular Diagnosis Of Cancer, James Otieno Nyagilo
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Importance of cancer diagnosis and staging through molecular biomarker detection is evident in the increasing number of molecular biomarkers being discovered that are associated with specific cancers types with their role in disease severity and progression being elucidated. Development of molecular imaging modalities capable of simultaneously detecting multiple molecular biomarkers will have a major impact on research, detection, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cancer. Combining molecular imaging with high resolution structural imaging can potentially deliver a cancer diagnostic imaging platform with superior resolution and sensitivity. Nanotechnology, specifically in the form of functionalized metal nanoparticles exhibit unique chemical and electromagnetic properties …
Micro-Device For Selective Isolation And Cytology Of Cancer Cells,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Micro-Device For Selective Isolation And Cytology Of Cancer Cells, Yuan Wan
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Early detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can enable early cancer diagnosis and more effective therapeutics. Aptamers have emerged as probe molecules that have binding affinities comparable to antibodies but specificities better than those of antibodies. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is the most frequently overexpressed receptor in all human malignancies. The expression levels of EGFR in cancer cells can be over 100 times higher than those in normal cells. It is an attractive target for cancer therapy and cancer cell isolation.This dissertation focuses on two different areas: developing strategies for anti-EGFR aptamer based cancer cell isolation, and …
Raman Spectroscopy And Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy For Diagnosis Of Human Cancer And Acanthosis Nigricans,
2012
Wayne State University
Raman Spectroscopy And Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy For Diagnosis Of Human Cancer And Acanthosis Nigricans, Suneetha Devpura
Wayne State University Dissertations
Cancer and diabetes are common chronic diseases in today's world causing numerous deaths in adults as well as children. Most common types of cancers in adults include prostate, lung, breast, colorectal and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, while among children; leukemia, and brain and central nervous system cancers are quite common. In each of these cases, early detection of the cancer or disease dramatically increases the chances of successful treatment. In recent years, there has been much interest in using Raman spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as analytical optical spectroscopic methods for early diagnosis of diseases. Raman spectroscopy can …
Development Of Gelatin Microbubble Based Plga Scaffold For Application In Bone Tissue Engineering,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Development Of Gelatin Microbubble Based Plga Scaffold For Application In Bone Tissue Engineering, Krishna M. Shah
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
The overall goal of the study was to develop a delivery system for a potential bone tissue engineering application focusing on fabrication of gelatin microbubble (MB) based PLGA scaffolds capable of recruiting Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and delivering bioactive molecules. Challenges associated with inefficient use of stem cells, scaffolding techniques and poor understanding of the role of growth factors hinders the success of tissue engineering strategies. A major challenge with the use of autologous stem cells is its low proliferation and migratory capacity. Our lab previously established that using a biomaterial implant, autologous MSCs can be directed and recruited in …
Development Of Magnetic-Based Multi-Layer Microparticles For Stem Cell Isolation, Enrichment And Detachment,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Development Of Magnetic-Based Multi-Layer Microparticles For Stem Cell Isolation, Enrichment And Detachment, Sonia Santimano
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Stem cells have been studied and used in several cell-based therapies for regenerative medicine, 3D tissue-engineered scaffolds, and in vitro models for drug screening and testing. For instance, cell based therapy via the use of stem cells like Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) to treat patients with cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, in-stent restenosis, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. In addition, Circulating Cancer Cells (CSCs) have been used as an indication of cancer progression-free survival and for studying the mechanisms of tumor formation, metastasis, and anti-cancer drug screening. Due to their extensive diagnostic and therapeutic potential, various techniques have been …
Quantification And Comparisons Of Motion Metrics For Finger Tapping Performed By Children With Cerebral Palsy Before And After Therapy With Two Motion Tracking Camera Systems,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Quantification And Comparisons Of Motion Metrics For Finger Tapping Performed By Children With Cerebral Palsy Before And After Therapy With Two Motion Tracking Camera Systems, Ankita H. Chainani
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
The quantification of any improvements in the use of a paretic arm after children with cerebral palsy (CP) undergo rehabilitation is currently done by occupational therapists who administer a series of manual ability tests and assign a subjective score for each test task performed. In this work the hypothesis was explored of whether quantification of hand motion metrics by motion tracking while children with CP performed a hand tapping task could be used as a more quantitative surrogate for assessing how well these children control the use of their hand. To that end, two children with CP, both classified as …
Spectrophotometric Quantification Of Bilirubin In Sclera Of The Eye Using Visible Dlp® Hyperspectral Imaging,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Spectrophotometric Quantification Of Bilirubin In Sclera Of The Eye Using Visible Dlp® Hyperspectral Imaging, Naveen Balaji Balasubramanian
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
In clinical settings doctors strive to give best care to the patients by looking for methods to diagnose the illness early to intervene with the necessary treatment. In the case of patients with liver problems (e.g. cirrhosis, hepatitis) an early indicator of impaired liver function is an increased concentration of bilirubin in the blood circulation. Bilirubin concentration is currently quantified by blood sampling, which is invasive, and it would be desirable to have a technology that quantifies bilirubin non-invasively. The goal of this work was to help address this clinical need and develop a methodology for determining non-invasively a measure …
Antimicrobial Properties Of Citric Acid Based Polymers,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Antimicrobial Properties Of Citric Acid Based Polymers, Lee-Chun Su
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
A series of citric acid derived polymers synthesized in our lab were investigated and compared for their physiochemical and antimicrobial properties. We selected citric acid based polymers since citric acid is a product of natural metabolism. These polymers are not only biocompatible but also possess an antimicrobial effect. In polymer synthesis, citric acid (CA) provides profound functional groups available for binding and crosslinking to allow the controllable crosslinking degrees of polymers. A number of citric acid based polymers has been synthesized and studied for their chemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics for use in various biomedical applications. Since bacterial infections became …
Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfacing Of Sensory Modalities,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfacing Of Sensory Modalities, Nilanjana T. Dutta
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Peripheral neural interfaces (PNI) has proved potential to record motor commands for the control of these prosthetic limbs, together with stimulation of specific sensory axons, so as to transmit specific sensory sub-modalities. Although PNI is hypothesized to provide adequate sensory feedback, realizing this degree of specificity is not fully established. Recently, a regenerative multi-electrode interface (REMI) was reported to be capable of recording peripheral nerve activity from a transected nerve. This study is aimed at interfacing neural activity specific to sensory sub-modalities, such as thermal pain, mechanoception and limb stretching using the REMI, in a freely moving animal. In the …
Characterization Of Immune Response And Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Of Implanted Regenerative Multi-Electrode Interface Post-Subchronic Amputation,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Characterization Of Immune Response And Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Of Implanted Regenerative Multi-Electrode Interface Post-Subchronic Amputation, Camilo Andres Sanchez Useche
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Interfacing high degree-of-freedom robotic prosthetics directly to the peripheral nervous system aims at improving the quotidian life of amputees. Despite advancements in robotics that have lead to human-like upper limb prosthetics, long-term interfacing has not been accomplished, thus voiding them from clinical use. Interfacing electrodes in the central nervous system fail due to the foreign body reaction and glial scar formation at the site of implantation. Concrete mechanisms for the failure of long-term Interfacing at the peripheral nervous level remain unclear. A regenerative multi-electrode interface (REMI) which allows for action potential recording as early as 7 days and provides support …
Development Of A Measurement System For Quantifying Ultrasound Field Distribution Of Different Transducers,
2012
University of Texas at Arlington
Development Of A Measurement System For Quantifying Ultrasound Field Distribution Of Different Transducers, Jayanth Kandukuri
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Ultrasound has been widely used in many fields, such as nondestructive examination and medical imaging. Ultrasound is mostly characterized by its pressure and, dynamic pressure wave can be considered to be the foundation of ultrasound physics and imaging techniques. It is thus important for understanding ultrasound pressure properties to that of ultrasound intensity. Moreover, there are many applications that require mainly characterizing ultrasound pressure field (instead of intensity field alone). Therefore, reconstruction of an ultrasound pressure field is highly desirable not only for education but also for research. There may be some commercially available systems that can be used for …
Cell Permeabilization And Inhibition Of Voltage-Gated Ca²+ And Na+ Channel Currents By Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields,
2012
Old Dominion University
Cell Permeabilization And Inhibition Of Voltage-Gated Ca²+ And Na+ Channel Currents By Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields, Vasyl Nesin, Angela M. Bowman, Shu Xiao, Andrei G. Pakhomov
Bioelectrics Publications
Previous studies have found that nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure causes long-term permeabilization of the cell plasma membrane. In this study, we utilized the whole-cell patch-clamp method to study the nsPEF effect on currents of voltage-gated (VG) Ca2+ and Na+ channels (ICa and INa) in cultured GH3 and NG108 cells. We found that a single 300 or 600 ns pulse at or above 1.5-2 kV/cm caused prolonged inhibition of ICa and INa. Concurrently, nsPEF increased a non-inactivating leak current (Ileak), presumably due to the formation of nanoelectropores or larger …
Energy Issues Affecting Corn/Soybean Systems:
Challenges For Sustainable Production,
2012
USDA-ARS, Ames, Iowa
Energy Issues Affecting Corn/Soybean Systems: Challenges For Sustainable Production, Douglas L. Karlen, David Archer, Adam Liska, Seth Meyer
Adam Liska Papers
Quantifying energy issues associated with agricultural systems, even for a two-crop corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) rotation, is not a simple task. It becomes even more complicated if the goal is to include all aspects of sustainability (i.e., economic, environmental, and social). This Issue Paper examines energy issues associated with and affecting corn/soybean rotations by first defining the size of the system from both a U.S. and global perspective and then establishing boundaries based on the Farm Bill definition of sustainability. This structured approach is essential to help quantify energy issues within corn/soybean …
Mononuclear Phagocyte Intercellular Crosstalk
Facilitates Transmission Of Cell-Targeted
Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs To Human
Brain Endothelial Cells,
2012
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Mononuclear Phagocyte Intercellular Crosstalk Facilitates Transmission Of Cell-Targeted Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs To Human Brain Endothelial Cells, Georgette D. Kanmogne, Sangya Singh, Upal Roy, Xinming Liu, Joellyn Mcmillan, Santhi Gorantla, Shantanu Balkundi, Nathan Smith, Yazen Alnouti, Nagsen Gautam, You Zhou, Larisa Poluektova, Alexander Kabanov, Tatiana Bronich, Howard Gendelman
Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications
Despite the successes of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remain prevalent in infected people. This is due, in part, to incomplete ART penetration across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and lymph nodes and to the establishment of viral sanctuaries within the central nervous system. In efforts to improve ART delivery, our laboratories developed a macrophage-carriage system for nanoformulated crystalline ART (nanoART) (atazanavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and efavirenz). We demonstrate that nanoART transfer from mononuclear phagocytes (MP) to human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) can be realized through cell-to-cell contacts, which can facilitate drug passage across the BBB. Coculturing of donor MP …
The Biological Systems Engineering Program
In Nebraska 1895-2011,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Biological Systems Engineering Program In Nebraska 1895-2011, William Splinter
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
4. Preface: How Mechanization Has Impacted Food Production THE PIONEERS WHO ESTABLISHED THIS DEPARTMENT 8 Oscar Van Pelt Stout 10 Charles Russ Richards 12 J. Brownlee Davidson 14 Leon W. Chase FORMER FACULTY AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS 18 Laurence Froyd Seaton 20 Ivan D.Wood 22 Oscar W. Sjogren 23 Chauncey W. Smith 25 Elmer E. Brackett 27 Claud Kedzie Shedd 29 Ruby M. Loper 31 Lester F. Larsen 33 Lloyd W. Hurlbut 36 Rollin Schnieder 39 Howard D. Wittmuss 41 Deon Axthelm 46 Paul. E. Fischbach 48 Stuart O. Nelson 51 Kenneth von Bargen 56 John R. Davis 58 Robert W. …
Using Rapid Geomorphic Assessments To
Assess Streambank Stability In Oklahoma Ozark Streams,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Using Rapid Geomorphic Assessments To Assess Streambank Stability In Oklahoma Ozark Streams, Derek M. Heeren, Aaron R. Mittelstet, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm, Abdulsahib T. Al-Madhhachi, Taber L. Midgley, Ashley F. Stringer, Kevin B. Stunkel, Ron D. Tejral
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
High streambank erosion and failure rates on streams in the Ozark ecoregion of Oklahoma may be attributed to land use change and degradation of riparian areas. Numerous benefits may be achieved from streambank stabilization, but methods are needed to determine the most critical reaches for investing limited funds. Rapid geomorphic assessments (RGAs) have been used to aid in prioritizing stream reaches. This research (1) applied an existing RGA, the channel stability index (CSI), on several reaches along the Barren Fork Creek and Spavinaw Creek, and (2) modified the existing RGA to create an ecoregion-specific RGA called the Oklahoma Ozark streambank …
A 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics Model For
Forced Air Cooling Of Eggs Placed In Trays,
2012
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
A 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics Model For Forced Air Cooling Of Eggs Placed In Trays, Vikas Kumar, Ai Pheeng Wee, Sohan Birla, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Harshanardhan Thippareddi
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Shell eggs must be cooled quickly after laying for controlling Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) growth. To fulfill a research need identified by Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), a 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to predict the temperature of eggs placed on a tray (6 rows × 5 columns) under forced air cooling. The continuity, momentum, and energy equations were solved along with standard k-ε turbulence model using PHOENICS software. The model was validated by conducting experiments in a wind tunnel at various air temperatures (7–11 °C) and velocities (0.3– 0.7 m/s). Root mean square error for predicting …
Climate Change Impacts On Streamflow, Water Quality, And Best
Management Practices For The Shell And Logan Creek Watersheds In
Nebraska,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Climate Change Impacts On Streamflow, Water Quality, And Best Management Practices For The Shell And Logan Creek Watersheds In Nebraska, M. W. Van Liew, S. Feng, T. B. Pathak
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Improvements in the management of water, sediment, and nutrients under future climatic conditions are needed to ensure increased crop and livestock production to meet greater global needs and the future availability of water for competing demands and protection against adverse water quality impairments. This study determined the impacts of future climate change scenarios on streamflow, water quality, and best management practices (BMPs) for two watersheds in Nebraska, USA. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) from the Shell Creek Watershed near Columbus, Nebraska and the Logan Creek …
Global Estimation Of Evapotranspiration Using A Leaf Area Index-Based Surface Energy
And Water Balance Model,
2012
China Meteorological Administration
Global Estimation Of Evapotranspiration Using A Leaf Area Index-Based Surface Energy And Water Balance Model, H. Yan, S.Q. Wang, David P. Billesbach, Walter Oechel, J.H. Zhang, Tilden Meyers, Ta. Martin, Roser Matamala, Dennis D. Baldocchi, G. Bohrer, D. Dragoni, R. Scott
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Studies of global hydrologic cycles, carbon cycles and climate change are greatly facilitated when global estimates of evapotranspiration (E) are available. We have developed an air-relative-humidity-based two-source (ARTS) E model that simulates the surface energy balance, soil water balance, and environmental constraints on E. It uses remotely sensed leaf area index (Lai) and surface meteorological data to estimate E by: 1) introducing a simple biophysical model for canopy conductance (Gc), defined as a constant maximum stomatal conductance gsmax of 12.2mm s−1multiplied by air relative humidity (Rh …
