Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Workshop On Convergence In Biological Engineering, Keith Roper

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Genome-Edited Animals Are Not Transgenic Animals: Moving Toward Responsible Research And Innovation With New Biotechnologies, Yvie Yao

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of The Electrode Polarization Effect For Biosensor Applications, Anil Koklu

Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations

My research focuses on electrokinetic transport. Particularly, in this dissertation, we focus on fabrication and testing of micro electrodes with nanostructured surfaces to minimize the electrode polarization (EP) effects for biosensor applications. In the first study, electrochemical deposition of gold nanoparticles on to planar gold electrodes was used to generate rough surfaces. Dendritic nanostructures that reduced EP up to two orders of magnitude was obtained by optimizing the deposition conditions. These structures also enhanced dielectrophoresis (DEP) response of our bio-chips, making them usable in physiological buffers. In further studies we discovered a universal scaling of EP in the frequency domain, …

Application Of Micro-Scale 3d Printing In Pharmaceutics, Andrew Kjar, Yu Huang

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

3D printing, as one of the most rapidly-evolving fabrication technologies, has released a cascade of innovation in the last two decades. In the pharmaceutical field, the integration of 3D printing technology has offered unique advantages, especially at the micro-scale. When printed at a micro-scale, materials and devices can provide nuanced solutions to controlled release, minimally invasive delivery, high-precision targeting, biomimetic models for drug discovery and development, and future opportunities for personalized medicine. This review aims to cover the recent advances in this area. First, the 3D printing techniques are introduced with respect to the technical parameters and features that are …

Measuring Impacts Of Uncertainty, Irreversibility, And Loss Aversion On The Adoption Of Crop Canopy Sensors Among Nebraska Corn Producers, Brooks Ronspies

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Understanding barriers to adoption of Precision Agricultural Technologies (PATs) is important to the growth of agricultural productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. This thesis proposes and evaluates a model for estimating the impact of uncertainty, irreversibility, and loss aversion on producers’ adoption of crop canopy sensors in order to explain adoption behavior that contradicts previous expectations about the conditions necessary for technology adoption. The model is evaluated using estimated statistical distributions of price and field characteristics designed to match observations of actual corn and nitrogen prices, and of conventional and crop canopy sensor based nitrogen application. Results from this model using expected …

Metal Related Nanoparticles' Physical Behaviors In Different Physiologica Environments, Muhetaer Tuerhong

Master's Theses

In the past decades, the development of nanotechnology has had tremendous successes in material science. In this technology, the pertinent materials are used at the intermediate scale between individual molecules and their size in the nanometer region(1-100nm) compared to bulk materials. This nanoscale size provides a larger surface area; therefore, nanoparticles would be perfect essential components of nanotechnology. The reduced size of nanoparticles has a larger surface ratio to volume, which can modify their chemical, mechanical, structural, and electrical properties.

In this study, the main goal is to test different metal related nanoparticles, such as CuNPs (Copper nanoparticles), FeNPs (Iron …

Generation Of A Ccl2 Knockout Using Crispr/Cas9 And Lipid Mediated Transfection In Ct-26 Murine Colon Carcinoma Cells, Emma Sullivan

Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

CCL2 is an inflammatory mediator that is released by tumor cells to activate and direct immune cell species, especially macrophages, to inflammatory sites within the body. The goal of this project was to successfully generate knockout the CCL2 ligand gene using a CRISPR/Cas9 complex delivered via lipid mediated transfection. The sgRNA and Cas9 mRNA were introduced into the cells via lipid-mediated transfection. The cells were incubated for 4 days, before being analyzed using PCR and gel electrophoresis. We expected to see one band on the first gel and two bands on the second gel. Two bands appeared on the first …

Design, Development, And Validation Of A Novel Optical Imaging Device For Biomedical Applications, Ashley Christine Dacy

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Fluorescence and luminescence imaging are two promising optical techniques for diagnosing a variety of critical pathologies in vivo, including wound healing, inflammation, and vascular diseases. Despite this, there is a lack of imaging devices in research and commercially available that are capable of these imaging modalities in large animal applications. This work describes the progressive development of several optical imaging devices to fill this void, culminating in a final design with robust fluorescence and luminescence functionality designed for large animal and human applications. These devices are used to gather new data about various physical parameters in small and large animal …

Ultrasound Switchable Fluorescence Imaging Based On A Time Gated Iccd Camera, Shuai Yu

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Ultrasound switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging has been proposed as a novel imaging modality which provides microscopic fluorescence imaging in centimeter-deep tissue. USF is possible to reveal many interesting phenomena such as microcirculation, tumor angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis and diagnose early-stage cancer. USF adopts a focused ultrasound (FU) to repetitively switch “on” fluorescent agents in tissue, and the USF photons scatter out and are captured by a detector. A USF image provides acoustic resolution and optical sensitivity. In USF, there are two key components: 1) an excellent USF contrast agent; and 2) a sensitive USF imaging system. The major challenge of …

Novel Analysis Of Wavelet Coherence And Phase-Amplitude Coupling To Investigate The Human Brain At Four Vigilance States, Seyedeh Parisa Rabbani

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Despite breakthroughs in the field of neuroimaging, there remain many unanswered questions about brain functions and activities and their underlying physiological processes. In my dissertation research, I examined brain functions while human subjects experienced four vigilance states: (1) resting state with eyes open, (2) resting awake state with eyes closed, (3) sleep stage 1 and (4) sleep stage 2. Simultaneous dual modality measurements using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were acquired during the aforementioned vigilance states. Specifically, I examined brain processes from two different perspectives: brain hemodynamics (blood flow) and electrophysiology (brain waves). My dissertation had three …

Development And Investigation Of Fluorescence Imaging Probes, Bahar Saremi

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Fluorescence imaging has attracted much attention due to high sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolution, and fast acquisition time, for imaging biomolecular processes and for diagnosis of diseases such as cancer in early stages. Fluorescence imaging in centimeter-deep tissue suffers from low spatial resolution because of the strong scattering of light. On the other hand ultrasound imaging benefits from 1000 times less scattering in the tissue and deep penetration. Ultrasound switchable fluorescence imaging is a relatively new imaging modality that combines the sensitivity of optical imaging with the depth of penetration of ultrasound imaging while preserving the resolution by only eliciting …

Lung Cancer Targeted Chemotherapy Via Herceptin Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor (Car) Engineered T Cell Membrane Coated Synthetic Nanoparticles, Serkan Yaman

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Cell membrane-derived nanoparticles recently caught attention due to their desirable features in drug delivery such as mimicking properties of native tissue and cells, avoiding systemic clearance, and alleviating foreign body responses. Besides nanoparticle technology, adoptive immunotherapy has emerged for its promising treatment modalities, including cancer specificity. Our long-term goal for this research is to develop a biomimetic drug carrier based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transduced T cell membranes. In the study, anti-cancer drug afatinib loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) co-extruded with anti her-2 based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) Jurkat T cell membranes. Anti her-2 CAR-T cells were produced by …

Development Of Medical Devices For Diagnosing Cartilage Injury And Metastatic Cancers, Yi Hui Huang

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

My research focused on applying biomedical engineering techniques to diagnose different diseases and conditions. The results of these work led to one published paper and two submitted manuscripts which are summarized in Chapters 2, 3 &4. Briefly, in Chapter 2, my work laid emphasis on developing a method for early detection of cartilage injury. An apoptotic cell-detecting probe was fabricated by the conjugation of the apoptotic cell-binding peptide (CQRPPR) and a sulfo-cyanine7 N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (Cy7 dye). Both in vitro and ex vivo examination showed an excellent relationship between the number of apoptotic chondrocytes and probe binding affinity. Finally, using a …

Application Of Tissue Engineering Techniques For Treating Cartilage Injury And Diagnosing Cancer Metastasis, Amirhossein Hakamivala

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

This study focuses on the application of tissue engineering techniques for the diagnosis of cancer metastasis, cartilage regeneration, and modeling of lymph node metastasis. Chapter 1 is an overview of tissue engineering strategies, and it describes how each chapter relates to the central theme. Chapter 2 describes the development of 3D lymph node (LN) mimetic for studying prostate cancer metastasis. The overall objective of this chapter was to develop a biosystem with the ability to mimic metastatic LN condition. Studies were first designed to uncover the critical cells types and chemokines responsible for cancer metastasis to the LNs. An LN …

Development Of An In Vitro Tbi Models And Validation Of Nanodelivery For Restoration Of Disrupted Brain Endothelium, Edidiong I. Inyang

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a serious concern among military personnel and their families. Although the mechanisms responsible for disruption to the brain are not well understood, the development of reliable diagnosis along with effective therapeutic treatment is urgently warranted. Recent findings suggest that shockwaves produced by a blast can generate micron-size bubbles that subsequently collapse in the brain tissue. The collapse of microbubbles (referred to as microcavitation) may compromise the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Moreover, addiction to the psycho-stimulant drugs (PSDs), e.g. cocaine and alcohol which are known to cause toxicity due to oxidative stress, can …

Development Of A Low Profile, Endoscopic Implant For Long Term Brain Imaging, Benjamin Scott Kemp

Doctoral Dissertations

The increased public awareness of concussion and traumatic brain injury has motivated continued research into the brain, its functions, and especially its response to injury, with a focus on improving the brain’s repair capabilities. However, due to the critical nature of the tissue, it is currently difficult for researchers to acquire high resolution images below the cortex without sacrificing a lab animal. Sacrificing an animal greatly reduces the amount of data that can be obtained from it, making longitudinal studies unappealing or unfeasible because a large number of animals is needed to obtain useful data over multiple time points. Additionally, …

Bioactive Glass Fiber Fabrication Via A Combination Of Sol-Gel Process With Electro-Spinning Technique, Malvika Nagrath, Adel Alhalawani, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Customization Of Aneurysm Scaffold Geometries For In Vitro Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessel Mimics To Use As Models For Neurovascular Device Testing, Camille D. Villadolid

Master's Theses

Cerebral aneurysms occur due to the ballooning of blood vessels in the brain. Rupture of aneurysms can cause a subarachnoid hemorrhage, which, if not fatal, can cause permanent neurologic deficits. Minimally invasive neurovascular devices, such as embolization coils and flow diverters, are methods of treatment utilized to prevent aneurysm rupture. The rapidly growing market for neurovascular devices necessitates the development of accurate aneurysm models for preclinical testing. In vivo models, such as the rabbit elastase model, are commonly chosen for preclinical device testing; however, these studies are expensive, and aneurysm geometries are difficult to control and often do not replicate …

Mechanisms Of Reduced Vascular Tone Following Arteriogenesis Induced By Femoral Artery Ligation, Christopher Hatch

Biomedical Engineering

The presence of a developed, native collateral network can decrease the severity of ischemic injury proceeding arterial occlusion. The collateral network must under arteriogenesis to enlarge and increase blood flow to the ischemic region. Although there has been tremendous effort attempting to understand the mechanisms of arteriogenesis, no therapies have been successful in improving patient outcome. To better understand the mechanisms involved in arteriogenesis, the effect of nitric oxide production, myogenic tone, and a-adrenergic receptors were evaluated as these have been identified as playing an important role in vascular injury. Arteriogenesis was induced by ligating the femoral artery between the …

Optimization Of Biogas Production By Use Of A Microbially Enhanced Inoculum, Anna Doloman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A renewable energy source, biogas, comprises of methane (80%) and carbon dioxide (15%), and is a great alternative to the conventional fossil-based fuels, such as coal, gas and oil. Biogas is created during anaerobic biological digestion of waste materials, such as landfill material, animal manure, wastewater, algal biomass, industrial organic waste etc. A biogas potential from organic waste in the United States is estimated at about 9 million tons per year and technology allows capture of greenhouse gases, such as methane and carbon dioxide, into a form of a fuel. In the light of global climate change and efforts to …