Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Multi-Material Hybrid Additive And Subtractive Manufacturing Of Photonic Devices, Roger Brandon Tipton

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Optoelectronics focuses on the application of electronic devices that utilize forms of electromagnetic radiation including visible light and other wavelengths including ultraviolet and infrared. Optoelectronics typically include devices that emit light and detect light. Devices created using this technology include light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, photoresistors, photodiodes, solar cells, phototransistors, and fiber optics. Fiber optic interconnects are interesting devices in that they are used in conjunction with optoelectronic devices to transmit information between individual optoelectronic components.

Optoelectronics are typically produced by traditional lithography methods including etching, writing, and printing on rigid silicon substrates for fabricating devices. Other techniques like glass or …

A Review Of Mobile Apps For Chronic Kidney Disease Patients, Clarisse Zigan, Carl Russell Iii, Kirsten Wozniak, Kshaunish Soni

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Collision Tracking And Brain Mapping, Carl Russell Iii

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Visualizing Bacteriophage Evolution Through Sequence And Structural Phylogeny Of Lysin A And Terminase Proteins: An Analysis Of Protein Structure Across Phage Clusters, Maansi Asthana, Alyssa Easton, Julia Mollenhauer, Sean Renwick, Anita Golpalrathnam

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Understanding how genes evolve and persist is a critical part of viral genomics. Bacteriophages can provide unique insight about viral evolution because of their abundance and largely unexplored history. Traditionally, phylogenetic trees have used DNA sequence comparison to visualize evolutionary paths between organisms. However, DNA sequence similarity does not reflect key alterations to protein structure and therefore how the protein performs its function. Phylogenetic trees based on predicted protein structure could provide an alternative lens through which to view evolutionary paths. From each of the 10 largest clusters included in the Actinobacteriophage Database, three mycobacteriophage genomes were selected. Lysin A …

Dataset Of Concurrent Eeg, Ecg, And Behavior With Multiple Doses Of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation, Nigel Gebodh, Zeinab Esmaeilpour, Abhishek Datta, Marom Bikson

Publications and Research

We present a dataset combining human-participant high-density electroencephalography (EEG) with physiological and continuous behavioral metrics during transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). Data include within participant application of nine High-Definition tES (HD-tES) types, targeting three cortical regions (frontal, motor, parietal) with three stimulation waveforms (DC, 5 Hz, 30 Hz); more than 783 total stimulation trials over 62 sessions with EEG, physiological (ECG, EOG), and continuous behavioral vigilance/alertness metrics. Experiment 1 and 2 consisted of participants performing a continuous vigilance/alertness task over three 70-minute and two 70.5-minute sessions, respectively. Demographic data were collected, as well as self-reported wellness questionnaires before and after each …

Phenolic, Carotenoid And Saccharide Compositions Of Vietnamese Camellia Sinensis Teas And Herbal Teas, Danh C. Vu, Sophie Alvarez

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Tea (Camellia sinensis) and herbal tea have been recognized as rich sources of bioactive constituents with the ability to exert antioxidant actions. The aims of this study were to analyze phenolic, carotenoid and saccharide contents in a set of Vietnamese tea and herbal tea and compare the results with those of green and black teas marketed in the U.S. In total, 27 phenolics, six carotenoids and chlorophylls, and three saccharides were quantitatively identified. Catechins, quercetin glycosides and chlorogenic acid were the predominating phenolics in the teas, with the concentrations following the order: jasmine/green teas > oolong tea > black tea. …

Expedited Pcr With Stirring, Hendrik Viljoen

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disclosed are an apparatus and methods for rapid amplification of nucleic acids. More particularly, the present dis closure relates to an apparatus for mixing a reaction solution during amplification of nucleic acids and to methods for amplifying nucleic acids. Also disclosed are methods for lysing cells in a sample and amplifying nucleic acids.

Expedited Pcr With Stirring, Hendrik J. Viljoen

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disclosed are an apparatus and methods for rapid amplifi cation of nucleic acids . More particularly , the present dis closure relates to an apparatus for mixing a reaction solution during amplification of nucleic acids and to methods for amplifying nucleic acids . Also disclosed are methods for lysing cells in a sample and amplifying nucleic acids .

Computer Simulation For Continuous Centrifugation Of High-Density Cell Cultures, Hironori Tomizawa

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Perfusion bioreactors are used for cell production for cell therapies. The system uses cell separation devices such as centrifuge to facilitate cell growth by separating cells and spent media and allows constant media replacement. However, current cell separation technologies can increase shear stress, are generally not continuous processes, and are not as efficient as desired. These limit the amount of media replaced per unit time. Therefore, there is a need for a new system or a method that operates continuously to minimize cell damage, yield high cell concentration, and exchange media effectively. A set of research questions was formulated: (1) …

Creating Reel Designs: Reflecting On Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita In The Community, Iris Layadi

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Because of its extreme rarity, the genetic disease arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and the needs of individuals with the diagnosis are often overlooked. AMC refers to the development of nonprogressive contractures in disparate areas of the body and is characterized by decreased flexibility in joints, muscle atrophy, and developmental delays. Colton Darst, a seven-year-old boy from Indianapolis, Indiana, was born with the disorder, and since then, he has undergone numerous surgical interventions and continues to receive orthopedic therapy to reduce his physical limitations. His parents, Michael and Amber Darst, have hopes for him to regain his limbic motion and are …

Pairwise Correlation Analysis Of The Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (Adni) Dataset Reveals Significant Feature Correlation, Erik D. Huckvale, Matthew W. Hodgman, Brianna B. Greenwood, Devorah O. Stucki, Katrisa M. Ward, Mark T. W. Ebbert, John S. K. Kauwe, The Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, The Alzheimer’S Disease Metabolomics Consortium, Justin B. Miller

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) contains extensive patient measurements (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], biometrics, RNA expression, etc.) from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases and controls that have recently been used by machine learning algorithms to evaluate AD onset and progression. While using a variety of biomarkers is essential to AD research, highly correlated input features can significantly decrease machine learning model generalizability and performance. Additionally, redundant features unnecessarily increase computational time and resources necessary to train predictive models. Therefore, we used 49,288 biomarkers and 793,600 extracted MRI features to assess feature correlation within the ADNI dataset to determine the …

Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role Of Muco-Adhesion With A Special Focus On Chitosan., Ayah Mohammad Burhan, Butsabarat Klahan, Wayne Cummins, Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero, Mark Byrne, Niall J O'Reilly, Anuj Chauhan, Laurence Fitzhenry, Helen Hughes

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) including age macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are amongst the major causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Due to the numerous barriers encountered, highly invasive intravitreal (IVT) injections represent the primary route to deliver drugs to the posterior eye tissues. Thus, the potential of a more patient friendly topical route has been widely investigated. Mucoadhesive formulations can decrease precorneal clearance while prolonging precorneal residence. Thus, they are expected to enhance the chances of adherence to corneal and conjunctival surfaces and as such, enable increased delivery to the posterior eye segment. Among the mucoadhesive polymers …

Multi-Organs-On-Chips For Testing Small-Molecule Drugs: Challenges And Perspectives., Berivan Cecen, Christina Karavasili, Mubashir Nazir, Anant Bhusal, Elvan Dogan, Fatemeh Shahriyari, Sedef Tamburaci, Melda Buyukoz, Leyla Didem Kozaci, Amir K Miri

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Organ-on-a-chip technology has been used in testing small-molecule drugs for screening potential therapeutics and regulatory protocols. The technology is expected to boost the development of novel therapies and accelerate the discovery of drug combinations in the coming years. This has led to the development of multi-organ-on-a-chip (MOC) for recapitulating various organs involved in the drug-body interactions. In this review, we discuss the current MOCs used in screening small-molecule drugs and then focus on the dynamic process of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. We also address appropriate materials used for MOCs at low cost and scale-up capacity suitable for high-performance …

Artificial Image Objects For Classification Of Breast Cancer Biomarkers With Transcriptome Sequencing Data And Convolutional Neural Network Algorithms, Xiangning Chen, Daniel G. Chen, Zhongming Zhao, Justin M. Balko, Jingchun Chen

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Transcriptome sequencing has been broadly available in clinical studies. However, it remains a challenge to utilize these data effectively for clinical applications due to the high dimension of the data and the highly correlated expression between individual genes. Methods: We proposed a method to transform RNA sequencing data into artificial image objects (AIOs) and applied convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms to classify these AIOs. With the AIO technique, we considered each gene as a pixel in an image and its expression level as pixel intensity. Using the GSE96058 (n = 2976), GSE81538 (n = 405), and GSE163882 (n = …

Novel Insights Into Negative Pressure Wound Healing From An In Situ Porcine Perspective, Jacob G. Hodge, Ashley L. Pistorio, Christopher A. Neal, Hongyan Dai, Jennifer G. Nelson-Brantley, Molly E. Steed, Richard A. Korentager, David S. Zamierowski, Adam J. Mellott

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used clinically to promote tissue formation and wound closure. In this study, a porcine wound model was used to further investigate the mechanisms as to how NPWT modulates wound healing via utilization of a form of NPWT called the vacuum-assisted closure. To observe the effect of NPWT more accurately, non-NPWT control wounds containing GranuFoam™ dressings, without vacuum exposure, were utilized. In situ histological analysis revealed that NPWT enhanced plasma protein adsorption throughout the GranuFoam™, resulting in increased cellular colonization and tissue ingrowth. Gram staining revealed that NPWT decreased bacterial dissemination to adjacent tissue with …

Defining The Innate Immune Responses For Sars-Cov-2-Human Macrophage Interactions, Mai M. Abdelmoaty, Pravin Yeapuri, Jatin Machhi, Katherine E. Olson, Farah Shahjin, Vikas Kumar, You Zhou, Jingjing Liang, Kabita Pandey, Arpan Acharya, Siddappa N. Byrareddy, R. Lee Mosley, Howard E. Gendelman

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Host innate immune response follows severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and it is the driver of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) amongst other inflammatory end-organ morbidities. Such life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is heralded by virus-induced activation of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs; monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells). MPs play substantial roles in aberrant immune secretory activities affecting profound systemic inflammation and end-organ malfunctions. All follow the presence of persistent viral components and virions without evidence of viral replication. To elucidate SARS-CoV- 2-MP interactions we investigated transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of human monocyte-derived macrophages. While expression of the …

Systematic Review And Regression Modeling Of The Effects Of Age, Body Size, And Exercise On Cardiovascular Parameters In Healthy Adults, Aseem Pradhan, John Scaringi, Patrick Gerard, Ross Arena, Jonathan Myers, Leonard A. Kaminsky, Ethan Kung

Publications

Purpose

Blood pressure, cardiac output, and ventricular volumes correlate to various subject features such as age, body size, and exercise intensity. The purpose of this study is to quantify this correlation through regression modeling.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review to compile reference data of healthy subjects for several cardiovascular parameters and subject features. Regression algorithms used these aggregate data to formulate predictive models for the outputs—systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ventricular volumes, cardiac output, and heart rate—against the features—age, height, weight, and exercise intensity. A simulation-based procedure generated data of virtual subjects to test whether these regression models built …

Plaque Contact Surface Area And Flow Lumen Volume Predict Stroke Risk In Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis, Ryan Gendey, Ethan Kung, Veena Mehta, Adam Brown, Matthew Bridges, Ravi Veeraswamy

Publications

The standard indication for intervention in asymptomatic disease is currently percent stenosis in the internal carotid artery as measured by the NASCET method, which remains limited in discriminating power. CT angiography (CTA) is widely used to calculate NASCET stenosis but also offers the opportunity to analyze carotid artery plaques from a morphological perspective that has not been widely utilized. We aim to improve stroke risk stratification of patients with carotid artery stenosis using plaque 3D modeling and image analysis. Patients with CTAs appropriate for 3D reconstruction were identified from an NIH designated stroke center database, and carotid arteries were segmented …

Investigation Of Combinations Of Rationally Selected Bioengineered Nisin Derivatives For Their Ability To Inhibit Listeria In Broth And Model Food Systems, Laura Nyhan, Des Field, Colin Hill, Michael J. Callanan, Máire Begley

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

In this study, we examined the ability of nisin A and a rationally assembled bank of 36 nisin derivative producing Lactococcus lactis strains to inhibit Listeria. A broth-based bioluminescence assay for screening single and combinations of bioengineered nisin derivatives using cell-free supernatants (CFS) from nisin derivative producing strains was developed. In this way, we screened 630 combinations of nisin derivative producing strains, identifying two (CFS from M17Q + N20P and M17Q + S29E) which exhibited enhanced anti-listerial activity when used together compared to when used alone, or to the nisin A producing strain. Minimal inhibitory concentration assays performed with purified …

Physiological Processes, Chirag B. Raval

Open Educational Resources

Physiological Processes is designed to introduce fundamental concepts of physiology to biomedical engineering learners. Areas covered include: neural, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory and renal system function; bioelectrical signals, capillary-level transport, organ-level exchange. Whenever possible, analysis will be quantitative in order to fulfill the course goals and to build the foundation for the subsequent biomedical engineering curriculum. This course is for Biomedical Engineering majors only.