Special Issue: Selected Papers From Idetc 2015,
2016
University of Dayton
Special Issue: Selected Papers From Idetc 2015, Venkat N. Krovi, Andrew P. Murray, James Schmiedeler
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
This second IDETC Special Issue, containing 19 papers from researchers in seven countries on three continents, seeks to cap- ture the current interest topics and latest results from the 39th ASME Mechanisms and Robotics (M&R) conference. The topics span the synthesis and analysis of novel mechanisms and robots as well as their validation in a variety of applications. The papers are organized with contributions to the core theoretical methodol- ogies of M&R (five papers) appearing first. The application areas that follow are micro air vehicles (MAVs) (two papers), modular robotics (three papers), origami applications (three papers), medi- cal robotics (three …
Anisoplanatic Electromagnetic Image Propagation Through Narrow Or Extended Phase Turbulence Using Altitude-Dependent Structure Parameter,
2016
University of Dayton
Anisoplanatic Electromagnetic Image Propagation Through Narrow Or Extended Phase Turbulence Using Altitude-Dependent Structure Parameter, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Ali Mohamed
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
The effects of turbulence on anisoplanatic imaging are often modeled through the use of a sequence of phase screens distributed along the optical path. We implement the split-step wave algorithm to examine turbulence-corrupted images.
Measurements By Controlled Meteorological Balloons In Coastal Areas Of Antarctica,
2016
Meteorologisk institutt
Measurements By Controlled Meteorological Balloons In Coastal Areas Of Antarctica, Lars R. Hole, Alexis Pérez Bello, Tjarda J. Roberts, Paul B. Voss, Timo Vihma
Engineering: Faculty Publications
An experiment applying controlled meteorological (CMET) balloons near the coast of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, in January 2013 is described. Two balloons were airborne for 60 and 106 hours with trajectory lengths of 885.8 km and 2367.4 km, respectively. The balloons carried out multiple controlled soundings on the atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity up to 3.3 km. Wind speed and direction were derived from the balloon drift. Observations were compared with radiosonde sounding profiles from the Halley Research Station, and applied in evaluating simulations carried out with the weather research and forecasting (WRF) mesoscale atmospheric model. The most interesting feature …
Effects Of Auditory Vection Speed And Directional Congruence On Perceptions Of Visual Vection,
2016
Old Dominion University
Effects Of Auditory Vection Speed And Directional Congruence On Perceptions Of Visual Vection, Isabella Alexis Gagliano
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Spatial disorientation is a major contributor to aircraft mishaps. One potential contributing factor is vection, an illusion of self-motion. Although vection is commonly thought of as a visual illusion, it can also be produced through audition. The purpose of the current experiment was to explore interactions between conflicting visual and auditory vection cues, specifically with regard to the speed and direction of rotation. The ultimate goal was to explore the extent to which aural vection could diminish or enhance the perception of visual vection. The study used a 3 × 2 within-groups factorial design. Participants were exposed to three levels …
A Maximum Entropy Approach To Identifying Important Statistical Moments To Best-Represent Spray Distribution Data,
2016
Florida Institute of Technology
A Maximum Entropy Approach To Identifying Important Statistical Moments To Best-Represent Spray Distribution Data, Cheng Chen
Theses and Dissertations
To obtain accurate spray droplet size and velocity distributions, higher-order statistical moments are needed. The Maximum Entropy formalism has been successfully used to predict the motion of spray flow in different models. This work is mainly focused on the use of the fourth-order moment combinations to calculate droplet probability density functions using the Maximum Entropy Formalism. Beginning with the second-order moment combinations, Lagrange multipliers have been calculated subject to given moment constraints, defining the probability density function. All lower moments are included when calculating the possible different higher-order moment combinations. From the results, each moment combination generated a set of …
Heat Transfer Analysis Of An Oblique Jet Impingement Cooling On Cmc Rough Surface,
2016
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Heat Transfer Analysis Of An Oblique Jet Impingement Cooling On Cmc Rough Surface, Karthik Krishna
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
A Ceramic Matrix Composite is high strength and high temperature capability composite, utilized in components like heat shield of space vehicles, flame holders and disc brakes. To be used in both static and dynamic components of a future gas turbine engine and even with high temperature capabilities of these CMC components, convection cooling will still likely be required. The surface of the CMC varies significantly from traditional super-alloy used in a modern engine, with large level of roughness and significant three-dimensional waviness. These complex features will impact the behavior of the near wall flows, and affect the heat transfer rates …
Dynamics And Control Of Three-Dimensional Perching Maneuver Under Dynamic Stall Influence,
2016
Florida Institute of Technology
Dynamics And Control Of Three-Dimensional Perching Maneuver Under Dynamic Stall Influence, Mir Alikhan Bin Mohammad Feroskhan
Theses and Dissertations
Perching is a type of aggressive maneuver performed by the class ‘Aves’ species to attain precision point landing with a generally short landing distance. Perching capability is desirable on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) due to its efficient deceleration process that potentially expands the functionality and flight envelope of the aircraft. This dissertation extends the previous works on perching, which is mostly limited to two-dimensional (2D) cases, to its state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) variety. This dissertation presents the aerodynamic modeling and optimization framework adopted to generate unprecedented variants of the 3D perching maneuver that include the sideslip perching trajectory, which ameliorates the …
Pocketqube Opportunity Mission: Vmo Mission,
2016
Morehead State University
Pocketqube Opportunity Mission: Vmo Mission, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "PocketQube Opportunity Mission: VMO Mission" from September 30, 2016.
Lunar Icecube: Nasa Nextstep Lunar Cubesat Mission,
2016
Morehead State University
Lunar Icecube: Nasa Nextstep Lunar Cubesat Mission, Robert J. Twiggs
Robert "Bob" Twiggs STEM Education Collection
A PowerPoint presentation created by Professor Bob Twiggs titled "Lunar IceCube: NASA NEXTSTEP Lunar CubeSat Mission" from September 29, 2016.
Multispectral Optical Telescope Alignment Testing For Cryogenic Space Environment,
2016
Space Dynamics Laboratory
Multispectral Optical Telescope Alignment Testing For Cryogenic Space Environment, Trent Newswander, Preston Hooser, James Champagne
Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications
Multispectral space telescopes with visible to long wave infrared spectral bands provide difficult alignment challenges. The visible channels require precision in alignment and stability to provide good image quality in short wavelengths. This is most often accomplished by choosing materials with near zero thermal expansion glass or ceramic mirrors metered with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) that are designed to have a matching thermal expansion. The IR channels are less sensitive to alignment but they often require cryogenic cooling for improved sensitivity with the reduced radiometric background. Finding efficient solutions to this difficult problem of maintaining good visible image quality …
Experiential Learning Opportunities Through Nasa Stem Content Allows Greater Grass Root-Level Understanding Of The Present Day’S Extreme Climate Change Scenario,
2016
CUNY York College
Experiential Learning Opportunities Through Nasa Stem Content Allows Greater Grass Root-Level Understanding Of The Present Day’S Extreme Climate Change Scenario, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Stanley Schleifer, Matthew Khargie
Publications and Research
The NASA MAA (MUREP Aerospace Academy) project at York College has demonstrated a track record of providing experiential learning opportunities (ELO) to its participating students. ELOs associated with MAA are designed to increase learners’ involvement, knowledge, comprehension and application of learning in one or more STEM subjects/disciplines. They involve inquiry-and-activity-based learning approaches designed for the level of the learner to inspire, engage, and educate while progressively challenging each student. ELO activities enable learners to acquire knowledge, understand what they have learned, and apply that knowledge through inquiry-based tasks. Specifically, we are prepared to address the following priority: Encourage, increase, and …
Effective Integration Of Nasa Stem Curricula Is Allowing Students To Appreciate Earth Science Concepts,
2016
CUNY York College
Effective Integration Of Nasa Stem Curricula Is Allowing Students To Appreciate Earth Science Concepts, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Stanley Schleifer, Krishna Mahabir, Newrence Wills, Matthew Khargie
Publications and Research
NASA Minority University Research and Education Project (MUREP) Aerospace Academy - MAA is a national, innovative activity designed to increase participation and retention of historically underserved and underrepresented K-12 youth in the STEM disciplines, particularly earth science and human exploration (HEO). HEO is dedicated to informing and educating the public about NASA's plans for a new era in space exploration. Utilization of NASA satellite images, online climate education, space mathematics and other earth science-related resources is allowing students to conduct basic research and prepare themselves for a New York City-wide science competition. In addition to offering school children a solid …
Improving Real-World Performance Of Vision Aided Navigation In A Flight Environment,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Improving Real-World Performance Of Vision Aided Navigation In A Flight Environment, Donald T. Venable
Theses and Dissertations
The motivation of this research is to fuse information from an airborne imaging sensor with information extracted from satellite imagery in order to provide accurate position when GPS is unavailable for an extended duration. A corpus of existing geo-referenced satellite imagery is used to create a key point database. A novel algorithm for recovering coarse pose using by comparing key points extracted from the airborne imagery to the reference database is developed. This coarse position is used to bootstrap a local-area geo-registration algorithm, which provides GPS-level position estimates. This research derives optimizations for existing local-area methods for operation in flight …
Mechanical Properties And Fatigue Behavior Of Unitized Composite Airframe Structures At Elevated Temperature,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Mechanical Properties And Fatigue Behavior Of Unitized Composite Airframe Structures At Elevated Temperature, Mohamed Noomen
Theses and Dissertations
The tension-tension fatigue behavior of a newly developed unitized composite material system was investigated. The unitized composite consisted of a polymer matrix composite (PMC) co-cured with a ceramic matrix composite (CMC). The PMC portion consisted of an NRPE high-temperature polyimide matrix reinforced with carbon fibers woven in an eight harness satin weave (8HSW). The CMC layer is a single-ply non-crimp 3D orthogonal weave composite consisting of ceramic matrix reinforced with glass fibers. In order to assess the performance and suitability of this composite for use in aerospace components designed to contain high-temperature environments, mechanical tests were performed under temperature conditions …
Adaptive Estimation And Heuristic Optimization Of Nonlinear Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Adaptive Estimation And Heuristic Optimization Of Nonlinear Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics, Joshuah A. Hess
Theses and Dissertations
For spacecraft conducting on-orbit operations, changes to the structure of the spacecraft are not uncommon. These planned or unanticipated changes in inertia properties couple with the spacecraft's attitude dynamics and typically require estimation. For systems with time-varying inertia parameters, multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) routines can be utilized for parameter and state estimates. MMAE algorithms involve constructing a bank of recursive estimators, each assuming a different hypothesis for the systems dynamics. This research has three distinct, but related, contributions to satellite attitude dynamics and estimation. In the first part of this research, MMAE routines employing parallel banks of unscented attitude …
Orbit Determination Using Vinti's Solution,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Orbit Determination Using Vinti's Solution, Steven P. Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Orbital altitudes congested with spacecraft and debris combined with recent collisions have all but negated the Big Sky Theory. As the sheer number of orbital objects to track grows unbounded so does interest in prediction methods that are rapid and minimally computational. Claimed as the \other solvable solution, the recently completed solution too orbital motion about the earth, based on Vinti's method and including the major effects of the equatorial bulge, opens up the prospect of much more accurate analytical models for space situational awareness. A preliminary examination of this solution is presented. A numerical state transition matrix is found …
The Scaling Of Loss Pathways And Heat Transfer In Small Scale Internal Combustion Engines,
2016
Air Force Institute of Techology
The Scaling Of Loss Pathways And Heat Transfer In Small Scale Internal Combustion Engines, Joseph K. Ausserer
Theses and Dissertations
Prior literature indicates fuel conversion efficiency and normalized power deteriorate increasingly rapidly with decreasing displacement, but does not fully reveal the driving losses. The literature also suggested that increasing losses relax the required fuel anti-knock index (AKI), but offered conflicting conclusions on the performance impact. This comprehensive experimental study of three, 28 cm3 to 85 cm3 displacement, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS), two-stroke ICEs identified short-circuiting as having the most deleterious impact on COTS engine performance in this size range. Heat transfer losses were comparable to larger engines for displaced volumes greater than 10 cm3. An engine friction model …
Space Qualification Testing Of A Deployable Shape Memory Alloy Cubesat Antenna,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Space Qualification Testing Of A Deployable Shape Memory Alloy Cubesat Antenna, Carl L. Kobza
Theses and Dissertations
Increasingly capable CubeSat missions require antenna with improved Radio Frequency performance over the traditional CubeSat antennas. Deployable quadrifilar helical antennas (QHA) enable an acceptable stowing volume and deploy to provide increased gain and bandwidth over traditional patch and dipole antennas. Extensive ground testing is required to ensure the antenna is space qualified and to characterize the antenna deployment in the space environment. AFIT requires a QHA to perform a future CubeSat geolocation mission and contracted Helical Communication Technologies (HCT) to design and manufacture a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) L-band deployable QHA. Vibration, thermal vacuum, laser vibrometer, and Voltage Standing Wave …
Optimal Control Of An Uninhabited Loyal Wingman,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Optimal Control Of An Uninhabited Loyal Wingman, Clay J. Humphreys
Theses and Dissertations
As researchers strive to achieve autonomy in systems, many believe the goal is not that machines should attain full autonomy, but rather to obtain the right level of autonomy for an appropriate man-machine interaction. A common phrase for this interaction is manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T), a subset of which, for unmanned aerial vehicles, is the concept of the loyal wingman. This work demonstrates the use of optimal control and stochastic estimation techniques as an autonomous near real-time dynamic route planner for the DoD concept of the loyal wingman. First, the optimal control problem is formulated for a static threat environment and …
Cavity Geometric Features And Entrainment Characterization Resulting From A Ballistically Induced Hydrodynamic Ram Event,
2016
Air Force Institute of Technology
Cavity Geometric Features And Entrainment Characterization Resulting From A Ballistically Induced Hydrodynamic Ram Event, Andrew J. Lingenfelter
Theses and Dissertations
Hydrodynamic Ram can cause damage to industrial and aircraft systems. The resulting transient spray increases the probability of fire. To better understand the driving mechanisms behind transient spray, internal, and external measurements of the cavity geometry, and entrained flow field were accomplished. Research determined cavity contraction and separation are pre-cursors to the initiation of the transient spray phases. The entrained flow measurement required development of a new and novel technique using a continuous wave laser and atomized water particles. The peak mass flow correlated well with cavity geometric features, such as cavity contraction. Using the mass flow, cavity diameter at …
