Aeronautical Vehicles Commons^™

A Simulation Of The Impacts Of Climate Change On Civil Aircraft Takeoff Performance, Thomas D. Pellegrin

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Climate change affects the near-surface environmental conditions that prevail at airports worldwide. Among these, air density and headwind speed are major determinants of takeoff performance, and their sensitivity to global warming carries potential operational and economic implications for the commercial air transport industry. Previous archival and prospective research observed a weakening in headwind strength and predicted an increase in near-surface temperatures, respectively, resulting in an increase in takeoff distances and weight restrictions. The main purpose of the present study was to update and generalize the extant prospective research using a more representative sample of worldwide airports, a wider range of …

Loss Of Control In-Flight (Loc-I): A Mixed Methods Study Of Voluntary Versus Mandatory Reports From The United States Of America, Roger Lee

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Loss of control in flight (LOC-I) is one of modern aviation’s three most prominent fatal accidents. In the United States, air accidents are mandatorily reported to and investigated by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). Established in 1976, the Air Safety Reporting System (ASRS) is a voluntary safety reporting (VSR) system administered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Over 1.7 million ASRS reports have been processed to date. While the NTSB system handles LOC-I accidents, less severe incidents may have been reported voluntarily through the ASRS.

Safety reporting has been deemed the most valuable activity and the centerpiece …

Adaptive Modified Rise-Based Quadrotor Trajectory Tracking With Actuator Uncertainty Compensation, Emmanuel Ogbanje Ijoga, William Mackunis, Krishna Bhavithavya Kidambi, Madhur Tiwari

Publications

This paper presents an adaptive robust nonlinear control method, which achieves reliable trajectory tracking control for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle in the presence of gyroscopic effects, rotor dynamics, and external disturbances. Through novel mathematical manipulation in the error system development, the quadrotor dynamics are expressed in a control-oriented form, which explicitly incorporates the uncertainty in the gyroscopic term and control actuation term. An adaptive robust nonlinear control law is then designed to stabilize both the position and attitude loops of the quadrotor system. A rigorous Lyapunov-based analysis is utilized to prove asymptotic trajectory tracking, where the region of convergence …

The Impacts Of Advanced Avionics On Degraded Visual Environments, Sultan Naseeb Harib Fairouz Mubarak, Anju Anna Jacob Dr

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Degraded visual environments (DVE) such as brownout, sand storms, and night conditions are responsible for accidents and hence losses in the aviation industry. There is a need to develop avionic systems to support pilots when they encounter environmental conditions that compromise their visual capacity. This report discusses the effects of DVEs on aviation, expounds on the advanced avionic systems available and further elaborates how these systems are implemented in countering DVE conditions. The report recommends on how advanced avionics systems have been and are being implemented in aircrafts to support decisions made by pilots flying under degraded visual environments.

Fostering Safer Evacuations Aboard Commercial Aircraft: A Problem-Solution Analysis, George Skinner

Student Works

This problem-solution analysis analyzes factors impeding safe and orderly evacuations for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Although rarely used, evacuation procedures are critical for keeping passengers safe during emergency situations. However, there are flaws in these procedures and many factors exist which make aircraft evacuations slow and dangerous. During a situation in which time is of the essence, these impediments can make the difference between an incident and a fatal accident. This report focuses on data gathered through full-scale evacuation simulations and analyzes shortcomings and strengths in three accidents. This information is then compared to current procedures and regulations that …

On-Board Artificial Intelligence For Failure Detection And Safe Trajectory Generation, Eduardo Morillo

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The use of autonomous flight vehicles has recently increased due to their versatility and capability of carrying out different type of missions in a wide range of flight conditions. Adequate commanded trajectory generation and modification, as well as high-performance trajectory tracking control laws have been an essential focus of researchers given that integration into the National Air Space (NAS) is becoming a primary need. However, the operational safety of these systems can be easily affected if abnormal flight conditions are present, thereby compromising the nominal bounds of design of the system's flight envelop and trajectory following. This thesis focuses on …

Certification Basis For A Fully Autonomous Uncrewed Passenger Carrying Urban Air Mobility Aircraft, Steve Price

Student Works

The Urban Air Mobility campaign has set a goal to efficiently transport passengers and cargo in urban areas of operation with autonomous aircraft. This concept of operations will require aircraft to utilize technology that currently does not have clear regulatory requirements. This report contains a comprehensive analysis and creation of a certification basis for a fully autonomous uncrewed passenger carrying rotorcraft for use in Urban Air Mobility certified under Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 27. Part 27 was first analyzed to determine the applicability of current regulations. The fully electric propulsion system and fully autonomous flight control system …

Spacecraft Systems & Navigation, Christopher Vanacore

Student Works

This textbook is steered towards higher educational course entailed in Commercial Space Operations. This textbook will be covering in detail Orbital Satellites, and Spacecraft. These topics are discussed according to their application, design, and environment. The power system, shielding and communication systems are reviewed along with their missions, space, environment and limitations. Any vehicle, whether manned or unmanned, intended for space travel is a spacecraft. A spacecraft's required systems and equipment depend on the information it will acquire and the tasks it will perform. Although their levels of sophistication vary widely, they re all subject to the harsh conditions of …

Ramping Up For Cost And Performance Improvements, Arthur Zucchetti Lechmann, Guilherme Henrique Lima, João Paulo Lucchi, Paulo Henrique Azevedo Santana, Pedro Kamikihara

Student Works

The objective of this Research Project was to study the possible benefits of developing an improved Metering Control System. This study identified potential cost savings and reduced emissions through the greater use of a Metering Control System. The results of this research have indicated an annual cost reduction of $720,000 in fuel burn and a significant delay time reduction caused by accumulated ground traffic. In addition, during peak hours, it was concluded that savings could be potentially higher. Therefore, by optimizing the ground movement, it is also expected a lower level of CO2 emissions, an increased safety level due to …

A Comparative Performance Analysis Of The Novel Turboaux Engine With A Turbojet Engine, And A Low-Bypass Ratio Turbofan Engine With An Afterburner, Kaleab Fetahi, Sharanabasaweshwara A. Asundi, Arthur C. Taylor

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Presented herein is a comparative performance analysis of a novel turbofan engine with an auxiliary combustion chamber, nicknamed the TurboAux engine, against a turbojet engine, and a low bypass ratio turbofan engine with an afterburner is presented. The TurboAux engine is an adaption of the low-bypass ratio turbofan engine, but with secondary combustion in an auxiliary bypass annular combustion chamber for thrust augmentation. The TurboAux engine is envisioned with the desire to facilitate clean secondary burning of fuel at temperatures higher than in the main combustion chamber with air exiting the low-pressure compressor. The comparative study starts by analyzing the …

Predictive Capabilities Of Laminar-Turbulent Transition Models For Aerodynamics Applications, Jared Alexander Carnes

Doctoral Dissertations

Laminar-turbulent boundary-layer transition has a demonstrable impact on the performance of aerospace vehicles. The ability to accurately predict transition is integral to properly capturing relevant flow physics. Traditionally, computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed fully turbulent, meaning that laminar flow is neglected. This, however, can result in errant predictions of vehicle performance as quantities such as skin-friction drag may be overpredicted. Resultingly, development of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes transition models has seen significant attention over the last decades in order to model transition and realize the performance improvements of laminar flow.

In this work, the behaviors of several different transition-prediction methods are …

Wireless Far-Field Charging Of Quadcopters: Wpt System, Vani Bhaveshkumar Sadadiwala, Dr. Vimlesh Singh, Air Cmde Devender Sharma

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

In this study, wireless power transfer using a transmitting horn antenna and receiving module is designed and analyzed. The receiving module comprises transmitting (horn) and receiving antennas, rectifier, and power management unit. The receiving antenna is used at a frequency of 2.45 GHz which seems to be the most efficient one. The integrated system being low in weight is suitable to be placed on any system having a battery with recharging characteristics. The compact system is designed and simulated using CST STUDIO. The receiving module is used for the conversion of microwave power to DC power for the easy charging …

Design And Analysis Of Aircraft Wing, Prabhat Dixit Graduate Engineer, Vivek Rathod Graduate Engineer, Deshmukh Chetan Pravin Graduate Engineer, Piyush Patil Graduate Engineer

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

This research develops and analyses a general aviation plane. A preliminary representation of the eventual product is used to start the design process for an airplane. Based on a drawing, a design mission profile is utilized to determine the weight. A more advanced approach is used to estimate weight, which employs calculated performance criteria to produce a more exact weight estimate. The wing design has been demonstrated to be a feasible alternative for a similar general aviation aircraft. When traveling through air or other fluids, a wing is a type of fin that provides lift. Airfoils may be observed on …

Quasi-Static Structural Analysis Of An Experimental Aircraft Wing, Scott Bender

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

In this report, a quasi-static load analysis is conducted on an experimental light sport aircraft wing via a whiffletree bending test. This report will discuss the loads present on the aircraft during straight level flight at a speed of 82 knots equivalent air speed. Flight load calculations are described along with the design of the whiffletree and mounting structures utilized for applying the distributed point loads. Initial finite element analysis is performed on the wing structure to determine critical strain locations and optimal sensor distribution. Subsequent mechanical experimentations are performed using a bending test to measure the strain at critical …

Film Cooling In Gas Turbine And Nozzle, Manideep Uduta Engineer-Graduate Aerospace, Vaibhav Naiknavre Engineer-Graduate Aerospace

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

A gas turbine is a rotating engine that generates its power through the flow of combustion gases. With either an axial or centrifugal compressor, air from the surrounding environment is drawn into the engine intake, where it is compressed and heated before being sent to combustion chamber. Every gas turbine engine has a nozzle as a standard part. Among its many responsibilities include propelling the engine forward, returning exhaust gases to the free stream, and regulating mass flow through the engine. When the power turbine's exhaust exits, the nozzle is directly in the direction of the fumes. Simply put, nozzles …

A Study On Concepts De-Laval Nozzle Using Cfd Tool, Krishna Yadav Graduate Engineer, Digambar Daware Mr., Vedant Akolkar, Pallavi Padalwar

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

A device that is used to control the characteristics of fluid is known as a nozzle. Its primary function is to increase the fluid's rate of motion. A traditional De-Laval nozzle will have three distinct parts: a throat, a converging section, and a diverging part. This paper will attempt to detail the bulk of the nozzle concepts developed by De Laval. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the nozzle's operational philosophy. In addition, theoretical flow analysis is carried out at a number of locations along the length of the nozzle. The dynamic changes in flow parameters such as pressure, …

Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Development And Application, Akshay Gharat Assistant Professor, Vinayak Hastak Graduate Engineer

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

Satellite technology is advancing. Satellite propulsion requires several desired rocket properties. This is necessary for 1 kg of payload. Launch vehicles no longer need rocket engines. Application includes satellite movement, orbit transfer, and probe and lander propulsion. Space travel is inventive and exciting.

Research, production, and use costs must be decreased to make space transportation systems generally available. Security shouldn't be affected. Rocket propellants must be high-performing, non-toxic, and safe. Rocket engines have other parts. Restarting and throttling are crucial. These are inaccessible to solid rocket motors. Developing a liquid rocket engine is hard and expensive, but it can be …

Engine Performance On Atomization Of Fuel Injector: A Review, Ankit Patil Er., Akshay C. Bedke Er., Vedant A. Deshmukh Er., Pratiksha Y. Shevare Er.

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

The impact of the fuel injection of fuel atoms on engine performance has been investigated to improve fuel efficiency and waste disposal features. The fuel swirl method for injection atomization was evaluated both by the analysis of the fuel flow and the sample test. The goal of the paper is to establish good fuel atomization over the range of engine performance. As a result of our studies, it has been concluded that the desired atomization can be achieved when gasoline is thrown into a circular motion. Fuel spray and atomization features play an important role in the performance of internal …

A Critical Study On Missile And Missile Guidance, Jay Vavdiya Engineer, Vishal Kaushik Prof.

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

As a result of advancements in armament technology, traditional conceptions of battle are going through a profound transformation. The use of technology as a force multiplier is extremely prevalent in modern combat. In the modern battlefield, autonomous weapons are absolutely necessary. In this day and age, the presence of missiles is almost always indicative of a country's level of military power. The employment of guided weapons is an unavoidable need in the arsenals of modern militaries. The study will primarily concentrate on several types of weapons, ranging in range from extremely short to medium, long, and automated. This study analyses …

Missile Materials, Pranjali Pandurang Sankpal Engineer-Graduate, Varun Vourganti Dr.

Graduate Research in Engineering and Technology (GRET)

The development of missile materials is the key to indigenous materials and their components. The selection of materials includes some the properties such as high strength to weight ratio, easy fabrication, good corrosion resistance, reliable quality, and high fracture toughness. The materials used for the airframe and propulsion system are alloys of aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and maraging steel. Non-metallic materials are also used such as carbon-carbon composites and polymer materials. High purity materials like phosphorous, and silicon are also important for material advancements. The paper outlines the needs and challenges of research and its solutions.