Aerospace Engineering Commons^™

Bibliometric Review On Inertial Sensors Based Position Estimation Using Sensor Fusion, Animesh Mishra, Hamshita Kancharlapalli, Ankit Kumar, Aditya Chauhan, Parag Narkhede

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Background: This paper analyzes the position estimation of UAV in a 3D environment, on the basis of inertial sensors and sensor fusion algorithm, done from the year 1994 to 2020. This paper contains various bibliometric analyses previously done on this topic.

Methods: The content for this topic was taken from the popular Scopus database. The Scopus provides many filters for searching databases with different document categories like document by year, country, etc. The research carried in this paper also includes co-authorship, citation analysis, etc.

Results: A total of 345 articles were obtained from the last 20 years, on the topic …

The Need For Aerospace Structural Health Monitoring: A Review Of Aircraft Fatigue Accidents, Luke Pollock, Ayah Khalid Abdelwahab, John Murray, Graham Wild

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aircraft accidents involving catastrophic fatigue failure have the potential for significant loss of life. The aim of this research was to investigate trends in aircraft fatigue failure accidents to inform aerospace Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system Research and Development (R&D). The research involved collecting 139 aircraft fatigue failure accident reports from the Aviation Safety Network database, which were coded using a directed content analysis. The trends and features of the categorical data were then explored using an ex-post facto study. The results showed that fatigue failure accidents have increased at a rate of (3.4 ± 0.6)×10-2 per year since the …

Numerical Investigations Of Transient Wind Shear From Passing Vehicles Near A Road Structure (Part I: Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulations), Hamid Rahai, Assma Begum

Mineta Transportation Institute

In this research, the authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of a moving Ahmed body under a freeway overpass at different distances from the bridge columns in order to evaluate transient wind shear and the wind load on these columns. Results have shown that when the vehicle is at 0.75W distance from the bridge columns, an unsteady wind speed of up to 24 m/s is observed at the columns with a pressure coefficient difference of 0.9. Here W is the width of the vehicle. These results indicate with an appropriate system for harnessing these wind energy potentials, significant renewable electric power …

Comparative Analysis Of Different Classes Of On-Line State Estimators For Aerodynamics Angles And True Airspeed Sensors For Applications To The Sensor Failure Problem, Alexandra Anne Augsberger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Throughout aviation history, there have been numerous incidents due to sensor failure that have caused a range of issues from loss of control of the aircraft to crashes resulting in loss of human life. Although there are many hardware-based solutions to this problem, the threat of control hardware failure still exists. This work investigates the efficacy of implementing neural networks (NN) and Kalman filters (KF) to solve the accommodation portion of the sensor failure detection, identification, and accommodation (SFDIA) problem through on-line real-time estimation of specific aircraft dynamic parameters. The implementation of on-line estimation architectures into the aircraft flight control …

Localization Algorithms For Gnss-Denied And Challenging Environments, Chizhao Yang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this dissertation, the problem about localization in GNSS-denied and challenging environments is addressed. Specifically, the challenging environments discussed in this dissertation include two different types, environments including only low-resolution features and environments containing moving objects. To achieve accurate pose estimates, the errors are always bounded through matching observations from sensors with surrounding environments. These challenging environments, unfortunately, would bring troubles into matching related methods, such as "fingerprint" matching, and ICP. For instance, in environments with low-resolution features, the on-board sensor measurements could match to multiple positions on a map, which creates ambiguity; in environments with moving objects included, the …

Planning Algorithms Under Uncertainty For A Team Of A Uav And A Ugv For Underground Exploration, Matteo De Petrillo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Robots’ autonomy has been studied for decades in different environments, but only recently, thanks to the advance in technology and interests, robots for underground exploration gained more attention. Due to the many challenges that any robot must face in such harsh environments, this remains an challenging and complex problem to solve.

As technology became cheaper and more accessible, the use of robots for underground ex- ploration increased. One of the main challenges is concerned with robot localization, which is not easily provided by any Global Navigation Services System (GNSS). Many developments have been achieved for indoor mobile ground robots, making …

Planetary Rover Inertial Navigation Applications: Pseudo Measurements And Wheel Terrain Interactions, Cagri Kilic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Accurate localization is a critical component of any robotic system. During planetary missions, these systems are often limited by energy sources and slow spacecraft computers. Using proprioceptive localization (e.g., using an inertial measurement unit and wheel encoders) without external aiding is insufficient for accurate localization. This is mainly due to the integrated and unbounded errors of the inertial navigation solutions and the drifted position information from wheel encoders caused by wheel slippage. For this reason, planetary rovers often utilize exteroceptive (e.g., vision-based) sensors. On the one hand, localization with proprioceptive sensors is straightforward, computationally efficient, and continuous. On the other …

Updates And Improvements To The Satellite Drag Coefficient Response Surface Modeling Toolkit, Phillip Logan Sheridan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For satellites in Low Earth Orbit, the drag coefficient is a major area of uncertainty. Researchers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory have created a Response Surface Modeling (RSM) toolkit to provide the community with a resource for simulating and modeling satellite drag coefficients in Free Molecular Flow. The toolkit combines the high fidelity of numerical simulation techniques with the speed of regression modeling. Specifically, it uses a training sample of drag coefficients simulated with the Test Particle Monte Carlo method with the robust Gaussian Process Regression approach. The RSM toolkit is the prime process to become a toolkit of …

Uncertainty Estimation For Stereo Visual Odometry, Derek W. Ross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over the past few decades, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been increasingly popular for use in locations that are lacking, or have unreliable global navigation satellite system (GNSS) availability. One of the more popular localization techniques for quadrotors is the use of visual odometry (VO) through monocular, RGB-D, or stereo cameras. With primary applications in the context of Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) and indoor navigation, VO is largely used in combination with other sensors through Bayesian filters, namely Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) or Particle Filter. This work investigates the accuracy of two standard covariance estimation techniques for a feature-based …

Active Localization For Robotic Systems: Algorithms And Cost Metrics, Jared Strader

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the real world, a robotic system must operate in the presence of motion and sensing uncertainty. This is caused by the fact that the motion of a robotic system is stochastic due to disturbances from the environment, and the states are only partially observable due noise in the sensor measurements. As a result, the true state of a robotic system is unknown, and estimation techniques must be used to infer the states from the belief, which is the probability distribution over all possible states. Accordingly, a robotic system must be capable of reasoning about the quality of the belief …

Flow Field Measurement And Qualification Of The West Virginia University Environmental Wind Tunnel, Katherine Mary Reid

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In 2013 West Virginia University acquired an Environmental Wind Tunnel from Cornell University. Due to the state of the tunnel, elements of the tunnel were redesigned and rebuilt at the West Virginia University Hangar in Morgantown, West Virginia. The motivation of this research was to evaluate and qualify the flow field within the test section of this redesigned and reconstructed wind tunnel. The tunnel has many uses for the university, including outside research opportunities as well as educational purposes for students in the Aerospace Engineering Department. The methods employed for this effort included developing a grid of pitot tubes to …

Increasing The Reliability Of Software Systems On Small Satellites Using Software-Based Simulation Of The Embedded System, Matthew D. Grubb

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The utility of Small Satellites (SmallSats) for technology demonstrations and scientific research has been proven over the past few decades by governments, universities, and private companies. While the research and technology demonstration objectives that can be provided by these SmallSats are becoming similar to larger spacecraft, their reliability still falls behind. This is in part due to the reduced cost of SmallSat missions in comparison to large spacecraft, which requires cheaper components, rapid development schedules, and accepted risk. In these missions, the importance of the flight software is often overlooked, and the software is rushed through development and not fully …

Next-Generation Re-Entry Aerothermodynamic Modeling Of Space Debris Using Machine Learning, Nicholas Sia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The number of resident space objects re-entering the atmosphere is expected to rise with increased space activity over recent years and future projections. Predicting the survival and impact location of the medium to large sized re-entering objects becomes important as they can cause on ground casualties and damage to property. Uncertainties associated with the re-entry process makes necessary a probabilistic approach, which can be computationally expensive when using high-fidelity numerical methods for estimating aerothermodynamic properties. To date, object-oriented analysis is the dominant tool used for atmospheric re-entry modeling and simulation, where aerothermodynamic coefficients are used to determine the risk a …

Dances And Escape Of The Vortex Quartet, Brandon Behring

Dissertations

This dissertation considers the linear stability of a one-parameter family of periodic solutions of the four-vortex problem known as 'leapfrogging' orbits. These solutions, which consist of two pairs of identical yet oppositely-signed vortices, were known to W. Gröbli (1877) and A. E. H. Love (1883) and can be parameterized by a dimensionless parameter related to the geometry of the initial configuration. Simulations by Acheson and numerical Floquet analysis by Tophøj and Aref both indicate, to many digits, that the bifurcation occurs at a value related to the inverse square of the golen ratio. Acheson observed that, after an initial period …

Research On Structural Design And Vision System Of Narrow Shallow Water Multipurpose Underwater Robot, Nan Pan, Xiao-Jue Guo, Jun-Bing Qian, Yong-You Luo, Yi Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In the narrow shallow water area, the underwater environment is complex and changeable, and the water area is narrow. Because of water body flow, various risks and unpredictable conditions, such as turbulence, vortex, disturbance, and so on exist which could seriously interfere with the motion and control of the underwater vehicle. In this way, the automatic stability and flexibility of multi-dimensional motion under external disturbance becomes the basis and requirement of underwater control and operation. In this paper, the structure design of the main body and power system of the narrow shallow water multi-purpose underwater vehicle was proposed to realize …

Study On Multi-Dof Search And Salvage Robot In Shallow Water, Jun-Bing Qian, Nan Pan, Xiao-Jue Guo, Yi Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

For underwater robots working in a variety of risky, unpredictable, and complex underwater environments – with factors such as turbulence, vortex, wind, wave, and deep-water pressure – it is necessary to ensure good structural design and handling performance in the process of robot design. Based on the requirements of achieving the stability design, control system, and underwater vision system of the robot, this paper proposes the structural design of a police multipurpose underwater robot power system that realizes both stable and flexible movement. A 6-DOF driving method was designed and its motion analysis was performed. In the vision system, an …

A Study On An Accurate Underwater Location Of Hybrid Underwater Gliders Using Machine Learning, Sang-Ki Jeong, Hyeung-Sik Choi, Dea-Hyung Ji, Mai The Vu, Joon-Young Kim, Sung Min Hong, Hyun Joon Cho

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

A hybrid underwater glider (HUG) is marine observation equipment that consumes a small amount of energy and offers greater range and navigation times. To achieve reduced energy consumption, however, the HUG uses imprecise navigation sensors, such as mems-type GPS and AHRS, resulting in inaccurate coordination. This study makes a new attempt on the application of machine learning algorithms in a way that complements sensor data errors to improve navigation performance. The proposed algorithm was used to a simulation of the HUG’s navigation and control system, after which the updated heading angle was decided by using the previous position data and …

A New Complex Marine Unmanned Platform And Field Test, Jihyeong Lee, Han-Sol Jin, Hyunjoon Cho, Jiafeng Huang, Sang-Ki Jeong, Dae-Hyeong Ji, Hyeung-Sik Choi

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper presents the development of a new complex marine unmanned platform composed of an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) and a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), and the results of a sea test. The platform structure, control system, sensor system, and control algorithm were developed and are introduced. The complex platform collects information of the underwater structures, such as the wall, floor, and piers and harbors. Using a tether cable, the ROV is connected to the USV for power supply and to receive a large amount of underwater data obtained using a sonar scanner or a camera in real time. The …

A Study On Hydrodynamic Forces Induced By Liquid Tank Of Lng Carrier In Waves Based On Experiment And Recurrent Neural Network, Van Minh Nguyen, Thi Thanh Diep Nguyen, Hyeon Kyu Yoon

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The sloshing of liquid in a partially filled tank is of great concern to aerospace vehicles, road vehicles and ships due to complex nonlinear motion involving the free surface of the liquid. Sloshing is a type of violent liquid motion that is created by forces such as an impact and breaking waves. Oscillation of the liquid in the vessel may threaten navigation safety. This paper attempts to predict the hydrodynamic forces induced by the motion of liquid inside a tank based on experiment and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The experiment of sloshing test is carried out using the Stewart platform …

Short-Term Fatigue Damage Of Tethers Of Long-Span Floating Cable Supported Bridges Under Harsh Waves, Deokhee Won, Keesei Lee, Young-Jong Kang, Seungjun Kim

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

A floating bridge can be effectively used for sea-crossing in deep water. Because the superstructure of the bridge is supported by floating substructures with pontoons, the conventional fixed piers, towers, foundations, and piles are not required. Instead, a rational mooring system can be used to strictly maintain the target position of the floating substructures against environmental loads, including winds, waves, and currents. Recently, long-span cable-supported bridges with floating towers were investigated and found to overcome the limitations of conventional cable-supported bridges, when used as sea-crossing infrastructure. To design the moorings for very large floating structures, the structural safety should be …