Cultural History Commons^™

Creative Musical Art For Supporting Society : Music And Meditation, Sasi Pongsarayuth

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article discusses research intended to create music conducive to support a meditative state with the aim of reducing the problem of violence in society. Music is an art form that use sounds to convey emotions. A composition is a combination of instrument sounds and musical elements can be utilized to support sustained attention while reducing affective hostility and aggressive behavior. Ten instrumental compositions developed under the “Creative Musical Art for Supporting Society” program as part of the “Music and Meditation” project are discussed. Experimental compositions with certain musical patterns; ex. slower tempos and low-to-moderate volume levels to induce a …

Cityscape Under The Gaze Of Migrant Women : The Reimagination Of Urban World In Vietnamese Independent Films, Cam Giang Hoang

Journal of Urban Culture Research

In Vietnam, since the Reform era (1986) and the government’s firm urbanization policy, replacing the pre-1986 discourse of the countryside as the Garden of Eden, a myth of the city as a place of endless pleasure has been gradually built up in mass media. As a result, the urban spectacle has become the ideal symbol of the speed of development, national strength, and masculinity in state-sponsored and commercial movies/dramas. Meanwhile, through the ‘slow cinema,’ independent female directors such as Siu Pham, Nguyen Hoang Diep, Bui Kim Quy, Pham Hoang Minh Thy, and Pham Nhue Giang have questioned the ‘urban fantasy’ …

Preserving Traditional Clothing Identity : An Overview Of The Past And Present Uses Of Aso-Oke By The Ondo People Of Southwest, Nigeria, Evelyn Omotunde Adepeko, Michael Abiodun Oyinloye, Adesimi Oluwa Adepeko, Adebayo Abiodun Adeloye

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Hand-woven fabrics such as aso-oke were the major clothing items especially for the commemoration of traditional ceremonies and festivals in Ondo land before the colonial era in Nigeria. Art historian review methods were adopted for this study by reviewing related literature. Data was gathered from both online sources and physical libraries. The population of the study include the inhabitants in Ondo town, Southwest, Nigeria. The study also used interview for data collection and the data collected was analyzed using the narrative method. This study surveyed the types of traditional aso-oke used by the Ondo people in the past and present …

Beyond Borders : A Comprehensive Exploration Of Tumpat, Kelantan's Culture-Infused Economic Landscape, Sui Chai Yap, Kah Choon Ng

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The culture-based economy holds a crucial role in rural Southeast Asian regions, yet it remains relatively unexplored. This study delves into traditional food products, handicrafts, and cultural goods, examining their factors and significance in Tumpat, Kelantan. Employing semi-structured interviews with local entrepreneurs and inductive content analysis, the research identifies two main categories: factors influencing business initiation and the significance of a clustered pattern in culture-based enterprises. Business location in Tumpat is notably influenced by familial land heritage, resource accessibility, transportation convenience, and labor availability. Businesses adopt a clustered pattern to reduce production costs, share information, and enhance market reach. Beyond …

Revenge Concept As Manifested In Drawings And Narratives Of Ultra-Orthodox Vs. Secular Israeli Jews, Rachel Lev-Wiesel, Iris Manor Binyamini, Michal Divon Schreiber, Gideon Biran, Zohar Estrin, Gal Goldstein, Nir Yosef Shmerts, Shahar Nov, Tali Beja, Maya Gallor, Odeya Landesman Sofer, Lital Miran, Bussakorn Binson, Nisara Jaroenkajornkij

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The current study investigates the revenge concept of ultra-orthodox and secular Israeli Jews, manifesting in drawings and narratives. The convenient sample consisted of thirty-three participants aged 23-61 (12 ultra-orthodox and 21 seculars). This mix-methodology study included the qualitative part, which are two sets of drawings and narratives – “draw an unjust event you experienced” and “draw what you would prefer to happen to the person who unjustly treated you;” and the quantitative part included a self-report questionnaire of the following measures: demographics, history of traumatic events, and feelings of injustice. Comparison between the two groups revealed no differences in the …

Sacred And Profane Dialectics : A Study Of Kecak Ramayana Performing Arts At Uluwatu Temple, Bali Indonesia, Robby Hidajat, Utami Widiati, E. W. Suprihatin, Muhammad ‘Afaf Hasyimy, Surasak Jamnongsarn

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This research focuses on the Ramayana Kecak tourist art in Pecatu Village, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali. The goal is to study the sacred and profane practices in the Ramayana Kecak. In this case the practice of entertainment is accompanied by religious spiritual practices. The method used is a descriptive critical analysis using data from interviews with key informants, observations and a document review. A functional structural theory is used to study the ideas, statements, activities and strategic efforts of the Ramayana Kecak performers. The results are based on the prospective AGIL theory, which explains sacred and profane practices …

Map, Census, Museum: Imagining The Malaysian Nation-State And The Malay Identity, Jackson Rockett

Honors Theses

Using historian Benedict Anderson's framework from his seminal text Imagined Communities of examining nation-building and identity construction through colonial artifacts, this thesis turns to maps, censuses, and museums to better understand the colonial and post-colonial imagining of the country that is now known as Malaysia. Reconciling with regional histories that predate the nation-state and defy the contemporary boundaries of territoriality, this thesis largely seeks to elucidate the contestation between colonially-imposed ideas of spatiality, categorization, and the reproduction of history with the modern Malaysian nation-state and the conflation of ethnicity with nationalism from which much of this contestation is derived from.

“Principles Which Constitute The Only Basis Of The Union” : Virginian Beliefs During The Nullification Crisis, 1832-1833, Sean Elliott Kellogg

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Preceding the American Civil War by three decades, the Nullification Crisis is often overshadowed by that larger conflict. It tends to be thought of only as an event in which the two sides of the war, pro-union and anti-union, coalesced around divisive issues. This perspective obscures the complex ideological loyalties that were in conflict during the crisis. These disagreements were on especially clear display in the influential border state of Virginia, which hosted many different opinions about the relevant issues. The state ultimately chose to steer a middle course. In January 1833, it adopted a set of resolves that rejected …

The Establishment, Ownership, And Leadership Of Southwestern General Hospital In El Paso, Texas, 1905-2023, John Burton

Transcriptions & Other Documents

This detailed history of Southwestern General Hospital in El Paso, Texas is intended to present a factual chronology of an extraordinary institution that was part of the Southwest’s earliest healthcare system development and has served the region, in various capacities, under different owners, and under oftentimes difficult circumstances, for over 116 years.

Tracing the evolution of El Paso as a rapidly growing destination for the treatment of tuberculosis in the early 20^th century, the history follows the pioneers and administrators who built the required facilities, forged partnerships, adapted to ever-changing medical and economic developments, faced competition, changed business models, …

Failing History: How Multinational Institutions Cannot Prevent Cultural Racketeering, Molly Luce

CMC Senior Theses

Cultural racketeering, the looting and trafficking of cultural heritage sites to fund conflict, violence, or terrorism, has become a prevalent issue across the globe in recent years. This paper identifies the main actors, the sellers and buyers, of the looted antiquities and outlines several cases. Sellers, such as ISIS or Al-Qaeda, pillage and traffic sites of cultural, religious, or historic importance as a funding source for their illicit activities. Buyers, which include museums and elite private collectors, purchase these antiquities and inadvertently fund terrorism. The international community has condemned these actors and implemented policies in response. The conventions that multinational …

Introducing Creative City Factors As A Solution In Sustainable Urban Development : A Case Study From Bushehr City In Iran, Pourbeh Tayebeh, Jafarinia Gholamreza, Shamsoddini Ali, Kamran Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Bushehr city is located in one of the provinces rich in both oil and in historical sites with an international port on Persian Gulf. However, it has never been successful in terms of sustainable development and planning. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effective factors in constructing a creative city, as well as its relationship to Bushehr's sustainable urban development. The primary data was collected over the course of 18 years, and the Cochran formula was used to determine the exact size of the statistical population, which was 384 people. Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis, and regression analysis were …

“Hin Le Le” Folk Songs In Phitsanulok Province : Identity And Existence In Times Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sasinut Phongnil

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The objectives of this qualitative research were to investigate (1) the identity of folk songs in Phitsanulok province, Thailand (2) the forms, methods and existence of folk songs during the COVID-19 pandemic, using musicological methodology. The examination of the background, musical characteristics, components and forms at present revealed that the identity of Hin Le Le folk songs is “the songs that reflect the way of life of the locals in Phitsanulok province, keep up with ongoing events for all age groups and are created by the elderly in the community.” The examination of the forms and existence methods of folk …

Philippine Gabaldon Heritage School Buildings In The New Normal : Safety, Sustainability And Human Development Perspectives, Inero Ancho

Journal of Urban Culture Research

As the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted education, stakeholders find means to return to the New Normal through limited face-to-face learning. The Philippine Gabaldon School Buildings (GSBs) are seen as venues where this can happen. Built from 1908 –1915, GSBs were erected during the American colonial government. Republic Act 11194 mandates these buildings’ conservation. Due to its perceived astounding structure and cultural value, a qualitative study was conducted that delved into the existing publicly available documents related to the buildings, for in-depth analysis. The investigation highlights how GSBs potentially address the minimum health standards relevant to the pandemic and limited face-to-face …

Don Mula (Original Dance) And The “Sacred Sound”Of Buddhism: Performing Collective Identity Among The Pwo Karen In Thung Yai, Thailand, Jarun Kanchanapradit, Sooi Beng Tan

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The Don Mula (Original Dance) represents an important part of the collective consciousness and identity of the Pwo Karen people in the Laiwo sub-district, Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary in Western Thailand. Due to modernization and changes that have occurred in Karen society at the turn of the millennium, many functions of the dance have been transformed. While the dance continues to be performed to pay respect to the Rice Goddess, it is employed to educate the younger generation about Buddhist knowledge and Karen beliefs as expressions of "Karen-ness." Through in-depth interviews and a study of the musical lyrics and …

Integrating Cultural Planning Approach In Urban Parks : Case Of Fateh Garden, Iran, Mehdi Nilipour

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Cultural planning has been used in some instances of urban planning and regeneration, but it is less frequently used in the planning of urban parks. The present study proposes a cultural planning model for urban parks and provides cultural planning recommendations to improve the condition of Fateh Garden as a case study. The four steps of this study are case study selection, cultural mapping, cultural assessment, and cultural planning Cultural mapping has been done using ethnography and the grounded theory method, cultural assessment has been done using interviews with the park authorities, and cultural planning has been done using creative …

Identifying The Key Value Of Urban Architectural Heritages Vis-A-Vis Human Awareness : Case Study In Hanoi, Nhu Dao Thi

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Conservation of urban architectural heritage works (UAH) is an important test for cities to increase their cultural and economic competitiveness. However, UAH preservation mostly focuses on physical value, which results in a contradiction between conservation and development. Moreover, new contexts of 4.0 technology and urbanization are deepening the impermanence, transformation of all things, in which of people and their awareness - the beneficiaries of UAHs. Therefore, heritage conservation is facing a big problem related to the truly worthy values of UAH that need to be preserved to meet the development needs, society's change and the growing maturity of people's awareness. …

Reinterpreting Performing Arts For The 21st Century In Reference To The Narai Avatara Performance, Naraphong Charassri

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article aims to share insights gained about how traditional arts and heritage can be reinterpreted through creative performing arts to keep them vibrant in 21st century urban life. Drawn from a dissertation length piece of research: ‘Reinterpreting Performing Arts for the 21st Century in Reference to the Narai Avatara Performance.’ The practice-based research on which this article is based was conducted in the context of selected urban areas in Thailand, like Bangkok, by using six methods: research literature, personal experience, field study, media, symposium, and interviews. Data collection was carried out from December 1996 through April 2022. Interviews were …

Cemetery Kampung : Spatial Characteristics And Exploration Of Identity, Lulut Indrianingrum, Nany Yuliastuti, Suzanna Ratih Sari

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This research discusses the spatial characteristics of urban kampung (village) interaction with a cemetery by investigating the physical, social and economic effects. The snowball approach was employed to collect data from 16 key informants such as community leaders, cemetery caretakers, visitors at the Bergota Public Cemetery (BPC) and traders in the Bukit Bergota area. Primary data consisted of field notes, in-depth interviews with secondary data being historical documents of the area, government and community-based documents. Using case study research design, the study was carried out by categorizing kampungs into three different zones as analytical units to reflect its character as …

Reflection On Sepha Phrai : A Story Of Commoners In The City Of Bangkok, Dusadee Swangviboonpong

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article deals with a contemporary literature entitled Sepha Phrai written in form of klon sepha Thai poem by Suchit Wongthet, a well-known Thai poet. It is a reflection on the story of Sepha Phrai which reveals the life and spirit of commoners in the city of Bangkok, telling the story of a proletarian family, starting from the fall of Ayutthaya period in 1767 up until the bicentenary of Bangkok in 1982. The story embraces four generations with Nai Get and his wife being the first. Nai Get’s descendants are of various professions including builder, musician, business manager, prostitute, lawyer …

Henri Lefebvre’S Spatial Theory As Methodology – A Methodological Reconsideration Of The Spatial Triad, Authors Johan Vaide

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article presents a methodological toolset for qualitative socio-spatial analyses based on sociologist Henri Lefebvre’s spatial theory (Lefebvre, 1991). While Lefebvre has been extensively treated as an urban theorist, his work has not been widely explored from a methodological perspective. In the article, Lefebvre’s spatial triad is particularly used to develop a concrete methodology for qualitative socio-spatial analyses. While simultaneously focusing on general methodological aspects, this article draws on how the author applied Lefebvre’s spatial theory in a sociological study about intercultural engagements in Shanghai in the context of China’s opening up reforms. More specifically, Lefebvre’s spatial triad is discussed …