Identification Of The New Synthetic Opioid Bucinnazine And Its Metabolites Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms),
2022
Virginia Commonwealth University
Identification Of The New Synthetic Opioid Bucinnazine And Its Metabolites Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms), Karissa N. Resnik
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
In the past 20 years, the rate of opioid use increased drastically in the United States. The country has experienced an enormous number of deaths caused by opioid overdose, opioid use disorder (OUD), as well as other harms as a consequence of the high numbers of opioid prescriptions. Fentanyl, a well-known synthetic opioid, has been a contributor to the opioid crisis since 2013 due to its popularity in clinical and illicit use. It has a high potency, which makes it an effective analgesic but a dangerous illicit substance. A new synthetic opioid, bucinnazine, has recently become a new black-market opioid …
Toxicity Of The Technology Critical Elements Germanium And Yttrium To Daphnia Magna And Hyalella Azteca And The Influence Of Toxicity Modifying Factors,
2022
Wilfrid Laurier University
Toxicity Of The Technology Critical Elements Germanium And Yttrium To Daphnia Magna And Hyalella Azteca And The Influence Of Toxicity Modifying Factors, Rashid Shah
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Technology critical elements (TCEs) are increasingly used in high and green technologies but there is little aquatic toxicity data for TCEs, particularly in fresh water. The objective of this study was to investigate the toxicity of two TCEs, Ge and Y, to Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca and to understand the role of natural organic matter and cations on toxicity modification. Testing followed standard methods. The 48 h EC50 for D. magna was 11.6 (95% CI of 9.64-13.8) mg Ge/L based on measured dissolved concentrations at test end. The addition of NOM at 10 mg DOC/L resulted in a significant …
Understanding The Environmental Implications Of The Microbiome Of Canals In Bangkok, Thailand,
2022
Claremont Colleges
Understanding The Environmental Implications Of The Microbiome Of Canals In Bangkok, Thailand, Emma Tao
Scripps Senior Theses
The canals of Bangkok, Thailand hold significant economic and social value, yet the increasing urbanization of the city has resulted in increased water pollution. Agricultural runoff and urban waste contribute to the degradation of the water quality, which has impaired its safe usage by the people of the city. This study focused on analyzing the microbiome of the water in the canals in correlation with the surrounding environment, both in and out of the water. Ten sites along the Bangkok canals were analyzed. DNA was isolated for the sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene to determine the microbial diversity of …
Chromatographic Studies Of Some Hormone And Metabolic Modulators Used For Doping In Sports,
2022
Eastern Kentucky University
Chromatographic Studies Of Some Hormone And Metabolic Modulators Used For Doping In Sports, Ruth Marie Speidel
Online Theses and Dissertations
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is an international agency that monitors the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) in sports; their mission is “to lead a collaborative worldwide movement for doping-free sport” (Who We Are, 2022). For this mission, the WADA needs quick, sensitive, reproducible, and accurate methods for analyzing athletes’ biological fluids for possible PEDs. This research focuses on developing and validating simple, sensitive, rapid, and reliable gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods for the analysis of two hormone and metabolic modulators, toremifene and trimetazidine. Previously, there has been limited GC-MS methods used to analyze toremifene and trimetazidine. Quantification …
Unleaded: Montana’S Silent Epidemic,
2022
University of Montana
Unleaded: Montana’S Silent Epidemic, Erica Zurek
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Lead is a cumulative toxin that can affect multiple systems in the human body. Exposure occurs through various sources, such as outdated and deteriorating infrastructure, paint, soil and drinking water. This project, a three-part audio series on lead exposure in Montana highlights various paths of exposure and how young children under age six years of age are particularly vulnerable. Part one is a story about a new state requirement to test all k-12 schools for lead in water fixtures. Part two: A house remodel exposes a family’s children to lead. Getting a diagnosis wasn’t easy. Part three: A look at …
It Permeated Everything: A Lived Experience Of Slow Violence And Toxicological Disaster,
2022
Antioch New England Graduate School
It Permeated Everything: A Lived Experience Of Slow Violence And Toxicological Disaster, Tara Jo Holmberg
Antioch University Full-Text Dissertations & Theses
Impacts of disasters on individuals are dependent on numerous factors: local to international political dynamics, socioeconomics, geography, educational background, and outside support among others. Currently, much of disaster research focuses on those of natural origin, acute and large-scale environmental events, emergency management, and the ability of individuals, communities, and societies to prepare for, and recover from, likely known disasters in their region. However, there is a lack of data about individual experiences through ‘invisible’ anthropogenic disasters, especially those that fall under the umbrella of slow environmental violence (Davies, 2019; Rice, 2016). Through critical phenomenological autoethnography, I examine an individual experience …
Modulating Ketamine’S Locomotor Activating And Reinforcing Effects Through Drug Combinations,
2022
Virginia Commonwealth University
Modulating Ketamine’S Locomotor Activating And Reinforcing Effects Through Drug Combinations, Tegshjargal Baasansukh
Theses and Dissertations
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) affects approximately 280 million people worldwide. The standard of care for pharmacological treatment of MDD has been monoaminergic antidepressants (MAA). However, MAAs have serious clinical limitations including a relatively slow onset of action and up to 40% of patients failing to respond and being diagnosed as “treatment resistant”. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, was originally approved for use as an injectable anesthetic. In addition, ketamine has been shown to rapidly improve depressive symptoms in patients with treatment resistant depression. In 2019, (S)-ketamine was approved as a nasal spray (Spravato®) for patients with MDD and treatment-resistant depression in …
Climate Change And Environmental Sustainability Module: Information Booklet,
2022
Aga Khan University
Climate Change And Environmental Sustainability Module: Information Booklet, Fozia Parveen, Sara Hassan, Subhan Khan
Books
No abstract provided.
Study On Post Approval Source Change
Of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient In
The Finished Product And Its Regulatory
Requirements In Eu And Us,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Study On Post Approval Source Change Of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient In The Finished Product And Its Regulatory Requirements In Eu And Us, Kalpana Kamnoore, M. P. Venkatesh, T.M. Pramod Kumar
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Post approval changes are changes to any characteristic of pharmaceutical product after approval. Certificate of suitability of European pharmacopoeia (CEP) and drug master file (DMF) are two mechanisms for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) registration. Regulatory requirements vary for each mechanism. This study focused on regulatory requirements for post approval API source change in the European Union (EU) and USA; and to delve on the mechanism of post approval API source changes in the USA and EU. To improve quality of the API, the most of the pharmaceutical industries concentrate on CEP certified source instead of DMF as CEP assures compliance …
Neuroprotective And Nootropic
Evaluation Of Myristica Malabarica On
Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment
In Experimental Animals: Promising
For Controlling The Risk Of Alzheimer’S
Disease,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Neuroprotective And Nootropic Evaluation Of Myristica Malabarica On Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment In Experimental Animals: Promising For Controlling The Risk Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Kolguri Jagadeeshwar, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Subhakar Raju Ravula, Umasankar Kulandaivelu, G.S.N. Koteswara Rao
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
This study intends to explore the neuroprotective and memory-enhancing properties of Myristica malabarica (MM) leaf extracts on diabetic-induced cognitive decline rats. The models of Y maze and Morris water maze were selected for nootropic activity and neuroprotective properties were deliberate by assessing the levels of Ach, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT) and glutathione hormone (GSH) in diabetic rat brains. Significantly improved memory and learning with 100 mg/kg (P < 0.01) and 200 mg/kg (P < 0.001) of EAMM (L) and MAMM (L) in Y maze and Morris water maze models. Significant effect was observed in all the extracts with two doses when compared with diabetic control on day 75. The levels of AChE (P < 0.001), MDA (P < 0.01), and NO (P < 0.05) were decreased significantly and significantly raised (P < 0.01) levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH with MAMM (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared with disease control. Further studies on MM leaf are needed as evidence of cognitive impairment in defense against diabetes has been shown to expose its mode of action.
Cytotoxic Effect Of Crude Vitex Glabrata
Fruit Extracts On Human Cancer Cell Lines,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Cytotoxic Effect Of Crude Vitex Glabrata Fruit Extracts On Human Cancer Cell Lines, Saraphorn Intarasam, Vorranuch Keerathinant, Mesayamas Kongsema, Kantimanee Pradermwong
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Vitex glabrata (VG) or Khai-noa fruit extracts were prepared from three methods; squeezing extract (SE), maceration extract (ME), and ethanol extraction (EE) to evaluate their effects in vitro. By the (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, all extracts revealed very weak antioxidant. Results of (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay showed the increase in cell viability of SE at 100 and 500 μg/ml on TK6 cells after 24 and 48 h treatments (P < 0.01) without affecting Caco-2 cells. Conversely, a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of all extracts revealed at 1000-2000 μg/ml on both cells (P < 0.01). SE showed cytotoxicity on PC-3 cells and anticancer activity when confirmed by clonogenic assay in a dose-dependent manner. SE also showed cytotoxicity on HT-29 cells after 24 h treatment but the cells could recurrent in the clonogenic assay. No effect was observed on MCF-7 cells after SE alone, SE co-treated with MMC treatment, and in the clonogenic assay. Moreover, HT-29 cells revealed a dose-dependent decrease in viability when treated with SE co-treated with MMC by 24 h. Hence, SE can selectively promote cell viability on TK6 and anticancer activity on PC-3. These results suggest that the different potential of SE depends on different cell lines.
In Situ Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel
Incorporated With Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 For Three-Dimensional Encapsulation Of Keratinocytes,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
In Situ Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel Incorporated With Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 For Three-Dimensional Encapsulation Of Keratinocytes, Pornsuda Lengwan, Pithi Chanvorachote
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Background/Aim: This work aimed to establish in situ hydrogel formation based on crosslinking of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) and the polymer incorporated with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) for keratinocyte three-dimension (3D) culture. Materials and Methods: The compatibility of human keratinocytes with developed hydrogel was determined by PrestoBlueTM cell viability assay. The live and dead cells were determined by Calcein AM, Propidium Iodide and Hoechst 33342 staining. The physical properties including gelation time, microstructure (porosity and interconnectivity), swelling ratio, and stability of the different concentration hydrogel were determined and correlated to cell viability. Results: Three percent w/v MeHA for in …
Fluid Properties Of Solvents And Oils
Used In In Situ Forming Microparticles,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Fluid Properties Of Solvents And Oils Used In In Situ Forming Microparticles, Sai Myo Thu Rein, Torsak Intaraphairot
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
In situ forming microparticle (ISM) has been recently used as the injectable drug delivery system prepared from polymeric non-aqueous phase in oil emulsion. Solvents and oils used in ISM including N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), 2-pyrrolidone (PYR), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycofurol, triacetin, olive oil, camellia oil and isopropyl myristate (IPM) were evaluated for pH, density, viscosity, flow time, surface tension, contact angle, color distribution, injectability, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity. The most viscous camellia oil and olive oil showed the highest flow time with lowest color diffusion and lower injectability; thus, they were suitable for performing as external phase of ISM to prolong …
Formulation, Ex-Vivo And In-Vitro Characterization Of Liposomal Drug Delivery System Of Fexofenadine,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Formulation, Ex-Vivo And In-Vitro Characterization Of Liposomal Drug Delivery System Of Fexofenadine, Safin Shrestha, Uttam Budhathoki
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
In order to improve the low permeability associated with conventional or immediate release dosage forms such as nasal spray and oral solid dosage form, tablets, fexofenadine liposomes were prepared by using ethanol injection method by varying the concentration of surfactant, (Tween -80), along with crude lecithin and cholesterol. The optimized formulations was evaluated for size, shape, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. In this study the optimized formulated liposomes appeared to be spherical in shape and particle size was found to be 4703.667±445 nm. There is 1.25 times more flux of liposome as compared with free drug. The entrapment …
Behavior Of Polymers And In-Vitro Evaluation On Gastroretentive Nifedipine Sustained Release Floating Tablets,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Behavior Of Polymers And In-Vitro Evaluation On Gastroretentive Nifedipine Sustained Release Floating Tablets, H. K. Pradeep, Juturu Thimmasetty, P.R. Sathesh Babu, S. Gururaj, N. Sreeharsha
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nifedipine is one of the calcium channel blockers widely employed in indications such as high blood pressure and angina pectoris. In the present study, a prompt attempt is done in the formulation of gastro retentive sustained-release tablets. The effect of polymers and their combination on release pattern, initial burst release, and floating behavior were studied. Out of four polymers, two polymers such as cellulose derivatives like highly viscous polymer Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100, low viscous HPMC K4M and their combinations, and other two polymers used were from natural sources like xantham gum, guar gum and their combinations were studied. The …
Metabolite Profiling And Activity Study
Of Ethanol Extract Of Chrysophyllum Cainito L. Leaves In Increasing Bone Density In Male Mice,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Metabolite Profiling And Activity Study Of Ethanol Extract Of Chrysophyllum Cainito L. Leaves In Increasing Bone Density In Male Mice, Burhan Ma’Arif, Kurniawan Hidayat Perdana Putra, Miftah Saiful ‘Arifin, Rukiana, Reyhan Amiruddin, Weka Sidha Bhagawan, Arief Suryadinata, Fidia Rizkia Inayatilah, Roihatul Muti’Ah, Agnis Aditama
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Phytoestrogen is a group compound which has an estrogen-like structure or function. One of its roles was in the bone formation. Chrysophyllum cainito L. is a plant that contains phytoestrogen. The purpose of this research is to determine the metabolite profile and activity of1ethanolpextract of C. cainitoxleaves to increase trabecular femur bone density in male mice. The metabolite profiling analysis was done using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and analyzed using Masslynx 4.1 software. Four doses of ethanol extract of C. cainito leaves were prepared for treatment. Which are 2,14,48, and 316 mg/ body weight (BW) mice/day …
Acute And Sub-Acute Toxicity Profile Of Methanol Leaf Extract Of Geophila Obvallata On Renal And Hepatic Indices In Wistar Rats,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Acute And Sub-Acute Toxicity Profile Of Methanol Leaf Extract Of Geophila Obvallata On Renal And Hepatic Indices In Wistar Rats, Osafanme Lucky Iserhienrhien, Paulinus Ngozi Okolie
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Introduction: Geophila obvallata (Rubiaceae) is a medicinal herb used for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative damage. Objective: The study investigated the toxic effects of acute and sub-acute oral doses of methanol extracts of G. obvallata (GOE) in rats. Materials and Methods: In acute toxicity study, extract doses of 1600, 2900, and 5000 mg/kg were orally administered. The rats were observed for signs of toxicity for 2 weeks. In sub-acute toxicity study, the extract was administered to rats at doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 28 days, while control rats received only water. At the end of …
Preferences Of Thai Head Pharmacists For Pharmacy Technician Education: Certification Versus Bachelor’S Degree Program,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Preferences Of Thai Head Pharmacists For Pharmacy Technician Education: Certification Versus Bachelor’S Degree Program, Sukunta Muadthong, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Tsutomu Kitajima, Kamolnut Muangyim, Surachat Ngorsuraches, Pattapong Kessomboon
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: This study aimed to investigate Thai hospital pharmacists’ preferences for a proposed bachelor’s degree curriculum for pharmacy technicians (PhTs), preparing PhTs to fill an advanced role in pharmacy, compared to the existing high vocational certificate (HVC) curriculum for PhTs. Methods: A labeled discrete choice experiment (DCE) questionnaire was sent by post to head pharmacists of 814 Thai Ministry of Public Health hospitals over a 2-month period. Respondents’ preferences for the proposed bachelor’s degree or the existing HVC of PhT were determined based on their selections among three attributes: Competency in pharmaceutical information services, competency in pharmaceutical inventory management, and …
Efavirenz Listed In The World Health Organization Prequalification Program: A Successful Case Study Of A Public Private Collaboration For Technology Transfer In Pharmaceutical Production And Quality Control In Thailand,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Efavirenz Listed In The World Health Organization Prequalification Program: A Successful Case Study Of A Public Private Collaboration For Technology Transfer In Pharmaceutical Production And Quality Control In Thailand, Yupadee Sirisinsuk, Mukdavan Prakobvaitayakit, Nusaraporn Kessomboon, Usawadee Sutapuk, Kannikar Kijtiwatchakul, Noppawan Angkulsansanee
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Pharmaceutical technology transfer is an important tool for enhancing production development and quality control. The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO) is the state enterprises under the Ministry of Public Health, whose main mission is to produce high quality medicines with reasonable price to increase accessibility to the Thai people. GPO has received the technology transfer from an overseas pharmaceutical company for the successful production of the efavirenz 600 mg tablet that was certified by the WHO Prequalification Program. The research objective was to study how this success has been achieved with the support of technology transference as well as the relevant …
The Susceptibility Of Penicillin,
Ceftriaxone, And Cefotaxime
Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Isolated From Patients With Invasive
Pneumococcal Diseases At A Teaching
Hospital In Thailand,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
The Susceptibility Of Penicillin, Ceftriaxone, And Cefotaxime Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolated From Patients With Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases At A Teaching Hospital In Thailand, Jantima Traipattanakul, Sudaluck Thunyaharn, Juthathip Suphanklang, Wichai Santimaleeworagun
The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: Pneumococcal disease is a severe invasive infection causing morbidity and death, so the appropriate antimicrobials are greatly important. We aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of penicillin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone against S. pneumoniae. Methods: The clinical isolates were obtained from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease admitted to Phramongkutklao Hospital, Thailand over a period of 10 years between 2006 and 2015. The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of antibiotics including penicillin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime against S. pneumoniae isolates were determined by E-test. The MIC range, MIC50, and MIC90 (μg/ml) and percentage of susceptible isolates were recorded. Results: Forty …
