The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Reductions Required And Recommendations,
2014
King County (Wash.). Water and Land Resources Division
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Reductions Required And Recommendations, Richard Jack, Jenee Colton, Curtis Degasperi, Carly Greyell
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2010, King County was awarded a grant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to estimate total polychlorinated biphenyl (tPCB) and total polybrominated diphenylether (tPBDE) loadings to Lake Washington and from the Lake and Ship Canal to Puget Sound in Seattle Washington. The field study component of the project analyzed 146 samples for PCBs and PBDEs from 8 different matrices: (1) ambient Lake Washington water, (2) ambient Ship Canal waters, (3) three streams during both base flow and storm conditions, (4) the Cedar and Sammamish Rivers, (5) three combined sewer overflow (CSO) discharges, (6) six stormwater discharges, (7) combined …
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Development And Testing Of A Pcb Fate Model,
2014
King County (Wash.). Water and Land Resources Division
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Development And Testing Of A Pcb Fate Model, Curtis Degasperi, G. J. Pelletier
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2010, King County was awarded a Puget Sound Action Agenda: Technical Investigations and Implementation Assistance Grant by the U.S. EPA to estimate loading of PCBs and PBDEs to Lake Washington, Lake Union and Puget Sound; and model potential reduction in Lake Washington fish tissue concentrations associated with select PCB loading reduction scenarios. A fate model was developed based on a simple two compartment (lake water and active sediment layer) model used to evaluate PCB fate in Lake Ontario and San Francisco Bay. An estimate of total PCB loading to Lake Washington based on field data collected as part of …
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Estimates Of Loading From Major Pathways,
2014
King County (Wash.). Water and Land Resources Division
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Estimates Of Loading From Major Pathways, Curtis Degasperi, Jenee Colton, Richard Jack
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2010, King County was awarded a Puget Sound Action Agenda: Technical Investigations and Implementation Assistance Grant by the U.S. EPA to estimate loading of PCBs and PBDEs to Lake Washington, Lake Union and Puget Sound; and model potential reduction in Lake Washington fish tissue concentrations associated with select PCB loading reduction scenarios. A field study was designed and implemented from 2011 to 2012 to measure PCB and PBDE concentrations in key contaminant loading pathways to Lakes Washington and Union (i.e., rivers, streams, stormwater, CSOs, highway bridges and atmospheric deposition) and measure the concentrations in the export pathway leaving the …
Communicating Ocean Acidification Across Barriers: Stories And Strategies From A Year Around The World, Alexis Valauri-Orton
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Between July 2012-2013, I traveled on a Thomas J. Watson Fellowship studying how human communities in Norway, Hong Kong, Thailand, New Zealand, the Cook Islands and Peru might be affected by ocean acidification. I interviewed, lived and worked with hundreds of members of marine dependent communities, investigating how they valued resources threatened by ocean acidification. The vast majority of the community members I worked with had no knowledge of ocean acidification and poor ocean literacy. Thus, I developed tools to communicate and contextualize this complex science issue across language and cultural barriers. I found the best method of communication was …
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Modeling Bioaccumulation Of Pcbs In Lake Washington Fish,
2014
King County (Wash.). Department of Natural Resources and Parks
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Modeling Bioaccumulation Of Pcbs In Lake Washington Fish, Carly Greyell, Jenee Colton, Richard Jack
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
High polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in Lake Washington fish prompted the Washington Department of Health to issue a fish consumption advisory in 2004. To address PCB bioaccumulation in Lake Washington fish, King County was awarded a Puget Sound Action Agenda: Technical Investigations and Implementation Assistance Grant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. An investigation of PCB loadings to Lake Washington was complemented by the development of 1) a contaminant fate model and 2) a bioaccumulation model to predict tissue PCB concentrations in Lake Washington fish. This presentation will describe the bioaccumulation model - a Gobas-type food web model adapted to …
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Concentrations Measured In Stormwater And Other Major Pathways To The Lake Washington Watershed,
2014
King County (Wash.). Water and Land Resources Division
The Lake Washington Pcb/Pbde Study: Concentrations Measured In Stormwater And Other Major Pathways To The Lake Washington Watershed, Jenee Colton, Richard Jack
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Lake Washington fish have the second highest concentrations of PCBs in Washington State. PCB concentrations measured in Lake Washington fish resulted in a fish consumption advisory on cutthroat trout, northern pike, minnow, yellow perch and carp in 2004 (WADOH 2004). Also, PBDEs are potentially bioaccumulating in Lake Washington fish but this hasn’t been documented. As a first step toward understanding the relative importance of major contaminant loading pathways contributing PCBs and PBDEs to the watershed, whole water samples were collected from stormwater (including highway bridge runoff), combined sewer overflow (CSO), tributaries, rivers, and atmospheric deposition pathways entering Lake Washington and …
Use Of Viral Indicators To Assess Public Health Risk To Shellfish Growing Areas: A Case Study From Blaine, Washington,
2014
Washington (State). Office of Shellfish and Water Protection
Use Of Viral Indicators To Assess Public Health Risk To Shellfish Growing Areas: A Case Study From Blaine, Washington, Mark Toy, Greg Goblick
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
A hydrographic dye study of effluent from the Lighthouse Point Water Reclamation Facility in Blaine, Washington, was conducted in November 2012. Six cages filled with oysters were deployed at various locations (stations) along the anticipated path of the effluent to correlate the dye concentrations found at the cages with the indicator bacteria and viral findings in the oysters. Sampling was also conducted at the plant to assess bacteria and virus removal efficiencies through the treatment process. The study objectives were to: (1) determine the bacterial and viral conditions in the influent and effluent and removal efficiencies for a WWTP using …
Three Cost-Effective Public Domain On-Site Sewage Treatment Technologies Verified For Their Ability To Denitrify,
2014
Washington (State). Department of Health
Three Cost-Effective Public Domain On-Site Sewage Treatment Technologies Verified For Their Ability To Denitrify, Lynn Schneider
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Sewage typically contains high levels of nitrogen. Even with new technologies, on-site sewage (septic) treatment systems typically do not reduce nitrogen levels in treated wastewater. Cost effective on-site sewage systems with adequate denitrification capabilities are needed for areas where nitrogen has been determined a contaminant of concern. A collaborative effort between the Washington State Department of Health and the University of Washington Civil and Environmental Engineering Department was undertaken to design and evaluate cost effective, reliable, and low maintenance public domain treatment technologies that have high nitrogen removal efficiencies. The systems were installed and tested at the Snoqualmie Wastewater Treatment …
Marine Survival Of Puget Sound Chinook Salmon-New Studies On Size-Selective Mortality And Critical Growth Periods,
2014
University of Washington
Marine Survival Of Puget Sound Chinook Salmon-New Studies On Size-Selective Mortality And Critical Growth Periods, David A. Beauchamp
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Size-selective mortality (SSM) is a significant force regulating recruitment at multiple stage during the life cycle of anadromous salmon, but the early marine life stages are consistently implicated as critical periods for growth and survival which influence SSM. The life stage(s) and habitat(s) when and where SSM is imposed can vary considerably among species, stocks, and life history strategies, and the relationship between size, growth, and condition in freshwater and marine life stages to overall life cycle survival is unclear for most stocks of salmon. Starting in Spring 2014, we will initiate a field sampling program is 4 Puget Sound …
Modeling Wastewater Discharge With A Hybrid Nearfield And Farfield Approach,
2014
Washington (State). Department of Ecology
Modeling Wastewater Discharge With A Hybrid Nearfield And Farfield Approach, S. L. Albertson, Mark Toy, Andrew Jones
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In November of 2012 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) assisted the Washington Department of Health with a dye release experiment at the Chambers Creek Wastewater facility near Steilacoom, WA and in the vicinity of geoduck tracks. Dye was released by being pumped in via the waste stream for over a day, and the effluent tracked by three boats equipped with tracking sensors (fluorometers). We present results from an effort to model this event using a combination of a nearfield (CORMIX) and farfield (GEMSS) models. The nearfield model is used to set the plume stratification over the tidal and …
Oceanography Of Cowichan Bay: A Background View For Early Marine Survival Of Chinook And Coho Salmon,
2014
Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Oceanography Of Cowichan Bay: A Background View For Early Marine Survival Of Chinook And Coho Salmon, E. C. (Eddy Clark) Carmack, Buzz Holling, Svein Vagle, Mike Dempsey, Jane Eert, Sarah L. (Sarah Louise) Zimmerman, Moira Galbraith, Charles Gordon Hannah, Cedar Chittenden, Bill Williams
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Early Marine Survival (EMS) of Chinook and Coho salmon in the Salish Sea has plummeted over the past decades, and both bottom-up and top-down mechanisms for decline have been proposed. As a background for an ecosystem-based assessment of EMS, a pilot study on the basic oceanography of a small sub-component of the system was launched in spring and early summer, 2013. A repeat sampling grid covering Cowichan Bay and immediately connected waters was established, and then sampled on weekly intervals for temperature, salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence, nutrients and zooplankton. Oceanographic studies were carried out concurrently with fisheries assessments. A longer section …
Science, Policy And Partnerships,
2014
Northern Economics (Firm)
Science, Policy And Partnerships, Katharine F. Wellman, Joel E. Baker
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Successful recovery of the Salish Sea requires collaboration between scientists (both biophysical and social) and policy/decision makers. Without this relationship we find ourselves with scientific research that is not relevant to decision making and decisions made without a strong scientific foundation, and without the support of the science community. While there is a great deal of good scientific work currently available to enhance ecosystem recovery decision-making, many of the questions that decision makers currently face require further investigation to address critical uncertainties, or at minimum, collection of data through environmental monitoring or social surveys to fill important gaps. However, it …
Habitat Alteration In Coastal And Marine Habitats Following Dam Removal On The Elwha River,
2014
Geological Survey (U.S.)
Habitat Alteration In Coastal And Marine Habitats Following Dam Removal On The Elwha River, Melissa M. Foley, Jonathan A. Warrick, Matt Beirne, Rebecca Paradis, Jeff Duda
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The ongoing removal of the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams on the Elwha River have mobilized a massive amount of sediment that has accumulated and altered habitats throughout the watershed. Accumulation has been particularly high in the estuaries and nearshore, significantly altering physical and biological conditions. We have been measuring a suite of parameters since 2010 to better understand how sediment accumulation and suspended sediment alter physical and biological conditions, and how those changes alter habitat conditions. In estuarine and nearshore habitats we are measuring salinity, temperature, turbidity, primary productivity, light availability, and nutrient concentration. In the estuary we are …
Early Marine Survival Of Steelhead Smolts In Puget Sound,
2014
United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Early Marine Survival Of Steelhead Smolts In Puget Sound, Megan Moore, Barry A. Berejikian, Frederick William Goetz, Thomas P. (Thomas Peter) Quinn, Sayre Hodgson, Ed Connor, Andrew Berger
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Smolt-to adult survival rates for Puget Sound steelhead populations have declined substantially over the last 25 years and remain at or near historic lows. From 2006-2009, nearly 1,400 steelhead smolts from 9 watersheds within Puget Sound were tracked from river mouth to the Pacific Ocean using acoustic telemetry to: (1) estimate early marine survival through Puget Sound, (2) identify common areas of abnormally high mortality along the migration route, and (3) to identify factors that may influence survival. Cormac-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models were used to jointly estimate survival and detection rate at telemetry arrays. Estimated survival rates from river mouths to …
An Overview Of The Salish Sea Marine Survival Project: U.S.-Canada Integration,
2014
Long Live the Kings (Organization)
An Overview Of The Salish Sea Marine Survival Project: U.S.-Canada Integration, Michael W. Schmidt, Brian E. Riddell
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The Salish Sea Marine Survival Project (Project) is a multi-year transboundary effort to determine the primary factors affecting juvenile salmon and steelhead survival in the Salish Sea. The Project, coordinated by nonprofits Long Live the Kings (U.S.) and the Pacific Salmon Foundation (Canada), brings together multidisciplinary expertise from over 20 Federal and State agencies, Tribes, academia and nonprofit organizations on both sides of the U.S.-Canada border. Through the development of a comprehensive, ecosystem-based research framework; coordinated data collection and standardization; and improved information sharing, the Project will help managers better understand the critical relationship between salmon and the Salish Sea. …
Responses Of River-Dependent Wildlife To Dam Removal, Salmon Restoration, And Nutrient Subsidies In The Elwha River Watershed, Olympic Peninsula, Washington,
2014
Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe
Responses Of River-Dependent Wildlife To Dam Removal, Salmon Restoration, And Nutrient Subsidies In The Elwha River Watershed, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, Kim Sager-Fradkin, Christopher M. Tonra, Peter P. Marra
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The ongoing removal of two hydroelectric dams from the Elwha River on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the effects of dam removal and subsequent salmon restoration on river-dependent wildlife species. Salmon are widely known to distribute marine nutrients into freshwater systems, providing benefits to both riverine and upland wildlife communities through improved nutrient availability. We examined two species of river-dependent wildlife (river otter Lontra canadensis, and American dipper Cinclus mexicanus) to gather data on home range and seasonal movement patterns, body condition, and dietary contributions from marine-derived nutrients prior to and during dam removal. We radio-tracked …
The Elwha Planecam: A Novel And Affordable Aerial Survey Method Tracking River And Shoreline Evolution In High Spatiotemporal Resolution During The Largest Dam Removal In History,
2014
Olympic National Park (Agency : U.S.)
The Elwha Planecam: A Novel And Affordable Aerial Survey Method Tracking River And Shoreline Evolution In High Spatiotemporal Resolution During The Largest Dam Removal In History, Andrew Ritchie
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Concurrent removal of Elwha and Glines Canyon dams on the Elwha River, Washington, is the largest dam removal and related sediment release ever undertaken. The project began in fall 2011, and the older, smaller Elwha Dam was removed by spring 2012, while Glines Canyon dam is still being demolished. Repeat aerial surveys are capturing river and shoreline changes at a temporal and spatial scale that allows tracking the effects of sediment pulses released by dam drawdown and storm events. The Elwha PlaneCam, a low-cost aerial survey platform developed during the project, is collecting aerial imagery at 10-15 cm ground pixel …
Movement Of Transplanted Adult Salmonids In Previously Inaccessible Habitat In The Elwha River,
2014
United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Movement Of Transplanted Adult Salmonids In Previously Inaccessible Habitat In The Elwha River, Kinsey Frick, Raymond Moser, John Mcmillan, Sam Brenkman, Roger J. Peters
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The removal of the Elwha and Glines Canyon Dams on the Elwha River will renew access for anadromous salmonids to 70 miles of high quality habitat located primarily within Olympic National Park. Concurrent dam removals began in 2011, with complete fish passage projected in 2014. While the long-term benefits to anadromous populations are undisputed, release of stored sediment behind the dams is temporarily elevating suspended solids and degrading existing spawning habitat downstream of the Elwha dam. To minimize deleterious effects in the lower river, give populations an early opportunity to spawn and imprint on upstream habitats, and examine the response …
The Derivation And Utility Of A Hydrologic Condition Index For Assessing Land Use Effects And Regulations,
2014
King County
The Derivation And Utility Of A Hydrologic Condition Index For Assessing Land Use Effects And Regulations, Gino Lucchetti, Jeff Burkey
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2008, the US EPA and King County initiated a five year (2007 to 2012) assessment of land use effects and regulatory effectiveness on the County’s lowland rural streams and watersheds. As part of this effort, a Hydrologic Condition Index (HCI) was developed to quantify the hydrologic effect of land cover change in a way that would be comparable across space and time scales. In order to develop the HCI, the combined effect of geology and land cover on high pulse counts (HPCs, a measure of hydrologic flashiness) was modeled using a 61-year precipitation record for five lowland watersheds of …
Watershed-Based Planning In The Salish Sea – Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Emerging Decision Support Tools In Local Planning,
2014
Washington (State). Department of Commerce
Watershed-Based Planning In The Salish Sea – Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Emerging Decision Support Tools In Local Planning, Douglas Peters
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Land use planning in Washington state empowers local governments to comprehensively plan for their future. In the first two decades since the GMA was passed, all Puget Sound area counties and their cities have created new plans, adopted new development controls including zoning and local land use regulations, and collectively absorbed more than 1.2 million new people. This is equal to a 37% growth from 1990, and current projections are for continued rapid population growth. Land use plans must figure out the “where will people live and work” and the “how will we pay for this” answers to new population …
