Kinesiology Commons^™

Drafting Effects Of The Third-Position Cyclist On The Second-Position Cyclist’S Power Output In A Three-Man Drafting Line, William Alan Norman

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a second-position cyclist benefitted, in terms of decreased power requirement, from the presence of a third-position cyclist. It was hypothesized that the second-position cyclist would experience a decrease in power requirement with the presence of a third-position cyclist compared to the absence of a third-position cyclist, and that this decreased power requirement would be magnified during the faster trials. Twelve trained cyclists served as second-position subjects. Subjects completed 12 total trials each: 2 solo trials at a moderate speed (MS), 2 solo trials at a high speed (HS), 2 MS trials …

Binge Drinking Following Resistance Exercise: Effect On Muscle Power Recovery, Nosa O. Idemudia, Jakob L. Vingren, Harsh H. Buddhadev, Anthony A. Duplanty, Kiannah R. Williams, Joe Chua, David W. Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Alcohol impairs recovery of isokinetic performance following muscle damaging resistance exercise but no knowledge exists regarding alcohol’s effect on recovery of performance in explosive isotonic movements following resistance exercise that induces only limited muscle damage. Purpose: To investigate the effect of alcohol on recovery from resistance exercise for explosive performance measures. Methods: Nine healthy men (Mean ± SD: 24.8 ± 3.2 years, 176 ± 7 cm, 86.4 ± 14.6 kg) completed 2 identical acute heavy resistance exercise tests (AHRET) separated by 1 week. The AHRET consisted of 6 sets of 10 repetitions of smith machine squats at 80% of 1-repetition …

Novel Methods For Measuring Upper Body Power, Amanda L. Ambrose, Jimmy C. Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Novel Methods for Measuring Upper Body Power

A.L. Ambrose, J.C. Smith and S.P. McLean. Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Southwestern University, Georgetown, TX 78627. Undergraduate.

Numerous methods of measuring lower body power exist but few valid measures of upper body power have been reported. PURPOSE: To compare two novel methods of measuring upper body power to an accepted method. METHODS: Ten female athletes (19.9±1.4 yrs, 72.5±11.7 kg, 163.5±4.2 cm) completed multiple trials of three upper body power tests; Medicine Ball Put (MBP), Supine Medicine Ball Put (SMBP) and Multiple Repetition Bench Press Power Test (BPP). MBP required …

Acute Effects Of Antagonist Stretching On Jump Height, Torque, And Electromyography Of Agonist Musculature, John B. Sandberg, Dale R. Wagner, Jeffrey Willardson, Gerald Aparecido Smith

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Although there has been substantial research on the acute effects of static stretching on subsequent force and power development, the outcome after stretching of the antagonist musculature has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of static stretching of antagonist musculature on multiple strength and power measures. Sixteen trained men were tested for vertical jump height and isokinetic peak torque production during knee extension at 60°.s (SlowKE) and 300°.s (FastKE). Electromyography was recorded for the vastus lateralis and the biceps femoris muscles during isokinetic knee extension. Subjects performed these tests in a randomized counterbalanced …

Acute Effects Of Antagonist Stretching On Jump Height, Torque, And Electromyography Of Agonist Musculature, John B. Sandberg, Dale R. Wagner, Jeffrey Willardson, Gerald Aparecido Smith

Jeffrey Willardson

Although there has been substantial research on the acute effects of static stretching on subsequent force and power development, the outcome after stretching of the antagonist musculature has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of static stretching of antagonist musculature on multiple strength and power measures. Sixteen trained men were tested for vertical jump height and isokinetic peak torque production during knee extension at 60°.s (SlowKE) and 300°.s (FastKE). Electromyography was recorded for the vastus lateralis and the biceps femoris muscles during isokinetic knee extension. Subjects performed these tests in a randomized counterbalanced …

Influence Of Differences In Exercise-Intensity And Kilograms/Set On Energy Expenditure During And After Maximally Explosive Resistance Exercise, Scott A. Mazzetti Ph.D., Christopher Wolff, Brittany Collins, Michael T. Kolankowski, Brittany Wilkerson, Matthew Overstreet, Troy Grube

International Journal of Exercise Science

With resistance exercise, greater intensity typically elicits increased energy expenditure, but heavier loads require that the lifter perform more sets of fewer repetitions, which alters the kilograms lifted per set. Thus, the effect of exercise-intensity on energy expenditure has yielded varying results, especially with explosive resistance exercise. This study was designed to examine the effect of exercise-intensity and kilograms/set on energy expenditure during explosive resistance exercise. Ten resistance-trained men (22±3.6 years; 84±6.4 kg, 180±5.1 cm, and 13±3.8 %fat) performed squat and bench press protocols once/week using different exercise-intensities including 48% (LIGHT-48), 60% (MODERATE-60), and 72% of 1-repetition-maximum (1-RM) (HEAVY-72), plus …

Use Of Counter-Balanced Smith Machine Affects Performance Measurements For Rebound Bench Press Throws, Harsh Buddhadev, Anthony A. Duplanty, David W. Hill, Simon Driver, Noreen L. Goggin, Jakob L. Vingren

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rebound bench presses throws (RBT), often performed on a Smith machine, are used for assessment and training of upper body power. During a RBT, the stretch-shortening cycle potentiates performance in the concentric movement. Smith machines frequently utilize a counter-balance weight to reduce the net load on the barbell; however, the use of counter-balance weight affects measures of performance for RBT. PURPOSE: To evaluate how the use of a counter-balanced Smith machine affects performance measures for RBT. METHODS: Performance measures for the no counter-balanced (NCB) and counter-balanced (CB) RBT were assessed for 24 men (age: 23 ± 3 years, height: 179 …

Effect Of Using A Counter-Balanced Smith Machine On Performance Measurements For Concentric-Only Bench Press Throws, Anthony A. Duplanty, Harsh Buddhadev, David W. Hill, Simon Driver, Noreen Goggin, Jakob Vingren

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bench press throws using a Smith machine are often used for assessment and training of upper body power. Concentric only bench press throws (CON-BT) provide important information on an individual’s ability to produce force from a static start. Smith machines often utilize a counter-balance weight system to reduce the net load on the barbell; however, it is not known how counter-balance weight affects measurements of performance during a CON-BT. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of a counter-balance weight on CON-BT performance measurements. METHODS: 24 men (age: 23 ± 3 years, height: 179 ± 6 cm, mass: 91 ± 17 kg, …

Effect Of Single Set Dynamic And Static Stretching Exercise On Jump Height In College Age Recreational Athletes, Jeffrey C. Murphy Dr., Elizabeth F. Nagle, Robert J. Robertson Dr., Jean L. Mccrory Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

This study examined the effects of single set dynamic and static stretching on vertical jump height and hip and knee range of motion in a sample of college age recreational males. Forty-two males (aged 18-24) healthy, physically active volunteers participated as subjects in this investigation and were randomly assigned to one of three groups (1 set of 20 seconds dynamic stretch, 1 set of 20 second static stretch, or control). The knee and hip range of motion, sit and reach, and jump height were measured before and after the treatment condition. The same measures were performed on the control group …

Hip Power Asymmetry In Older Adult Fallers And Non-Fallers, Lauren Grace Mcdonald

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if a difference exists in hip power asymmetry between community-dwelling older adult fallers and non-fallers. Hypothesis: fallers would be more asymmetrical than non-fallers. Participants: 21 non-fallers (10 females, 11 males) and 18 fallers (14 females, 4 males) over the age of 65 (76.5 ± 6.9yrs). Method: Isokinetic peak torque during flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction at four velocities was recorded as measures of leg power. Asymmetry equaled the percent of power difference between each leg. Data analysis: Differences in age, physical activity, height, weight, and BMI were assessed …

The Acute Time Course Of Concurrent Activation Potentiation, Luke Garceau, Erich Petushek, Mckenzie Fauth, William Ebben

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated the acute time course of the ergogenic effect of concurrent activation potentiation (CAP). Forty-two men and women, including CAP non-responders and responders, performed a 5 second isometric knee extension on a dynamometer with the use of remote voluntary contractions (RVC). Mean torque was assessed in seven 500 millisecond (ms) time periods. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for time period (p ≤ 0.001), but no significant interaction between time period and CAP non-responders and responders (p > 0.05). The ergogenic effects of CAP are accrued during the first 1000ms. Concurrent activation potentiation responders produce greater …

The Effect Of Concurrent Activation Potentiation On The Knee Extensor And Flexor Performance Of Men And Women, Luke Garceau, Erich Petushek, Mckenzie Fauth, William Ebben

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated the effect of remote voluntary contractions (RVC) during isometric and isokinetic knee flexion and extension tests and evaluated gender differences therein. Subject peak torque, rate of torque development, and power were assessed with a dynamometer in RVC and no RVC’s conditions. A two way mixed ANOVA with repeated measures for condition was used to evaluate the interaction between conditions and gender, and to assess the main effects. Main effects were evaluated with a paired samples t-test. Results revealed a significant interaction between all but one test condition and gender as well as significant main effects for all …

Kinetic Quantification Of Plyometric Take Off, Flight, And Landing Characteristics, William Ebben, Tyler Vanderzanden, Brad Wurm, Luke Garceau, Christina Feldmann, Erich Petushek

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study assessed the kinetic characteristics of a variety of plyometric exercises and assessed gender differences therein. Twenty-six men and 23 women performed a variety of plyometric exercises including line hops, 15.24 cm cone hops, squat jumps, tuck jumps, countermovement jumps, loaded countermovement jumps equal to 30% of 1 RM squat, depth jumps normalized to the subjects jump height, and single leg jumps. All plyometric exercises were performed on a force platform. Outcome variables associated with the takeoff, airborne, and landing phase of each plyometric were assessed including the peak ground reaction force during takeoff, time to takeoff, jump height, …

Multiple Models Can Concurrently Explain Fatigue During Human Performance, C. Matthew Laurent†, Matt Green‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

One of the most commonly and thoroughly studied paradigms of human performance is fatigue. However, despite volumes of research there remains considerable controversy among scientists regarding definitive conclusions about the specific mechanism(s) contributing to fatigue. Within the literature there are three primary yet distinctly different governing ideas of fatigue; the traditionally referenced central model and peripheral model as well as the emerging central governor model (CGM). The CGM has recently been advocated by a limited number of researchers and is suggestive of a more integrative model of fatigue when compared the traditional peripheral and central models. However, more work is …

A Practical Comparison Between Traditional Periodization And Daily-Undulated Weight Training Among Collegiate Track And Field Athletes., Keith Ballard Painter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recently, comparisons of "periodized" strength training methods have become a focus of sport science. Daily undulating periodization (DUP), using daily alterations in repetitions, has been developed and touted as a superior method of training. The purpose of this study is to compare traditional periodization (TRA) to DUP in Division I track and field athletes. Thirty-one athletes were assigned to either a TRA or the DUP group training programs based on sex, year, and event. Training lasted 10 weeks. There were 4 testing sessions focusing on strength characteristics. Although, trends favored the TRA group for strength and rate of force development, …

Timing Carbohydrate Beverage Intake During Prolonged Moderate Intensity Exercise Does Not Affect Cycling Performance, George G. Schweitzer†, John D. Smith‡, James D. Lecheminant‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Carbohydrate beverages consumed during long-term exercise have been shown to attenuate fatigue and improve performance; however, the optimal timing of ingestion is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if timing the carbohydrate ingestion (front-loading (FL), continual loading (CL), and end-loading (EL)) during prolonged exercise influenced exercise performance in competitive cyclists. Ten well-trained cyclists completed three separate exercise bouts on a bicycle ergometer, each lasting 2 hours at an intensity of ~67% VO₂ max, followed by a 15-minute “all out” time trial. In the FL trial, participants ingested a carbohydrate beverage during the first hour and …

The Use Endocrine Markers To Predict And Monitor Performance In Strengh [Sic] And Power Activities, Jason B. Winchester

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Hormones are typically considered to be chemical messengers, which are designed to be released from specific cells where they are carried to their target tissues for binding to receptors. It is this binding of a hormone molecule to its specific receptor which allows for an action to occur (Hadley and Levine 2006). Testosterone is the predominant androgen in the majority of mammalian species and is largely responsible for regulation of reproduction and maintenance of sexual function. In addition, in adult mammals, T has multiple other roles including the growth of muscle and bone, hematopoesis, blood coagulation, development and regulation of …

Effects Of Aerobic And Anaerobic Training Protocols On 4000m Track Cycling Time Trial, William Mathieu Cheramie

LSU Master's Theses

The aim of this study was to determine whether performance in a 4000m individual pursuit could be significantly influenced by training protocols that are solely based in either aerobic/distance training, or anaerobic/sprint training. Faina et al., (1989) and Neuman et al. (1992) have found, using professional track cyclist that there appears to be a split in energy pathways used to perform the event. Their results indicate that 20% of the workload is achieved via anaerobic metabolism and the remaining 80% are achieved through aerobic metabolism. Group #1, followed a training protocol modeled after repeated, short duration, (<1:30.00s/1000m), high intensity sprinting. This particular training protocol may serve to utilize a greater proportion of its allotted time by generating beneficial metabolic adaptations that may possibly improve the subjects performance in the 4000m individual pursuit. Group #2, trained primarily through aerobic means, followed the "more traditional" training method for such an event. This protocol consisted of cycling intervals of distances proportionally longer (>4000m) than that …

Arm Crank Power And Hyperammonemia In Respones To L-Aspartic Acid Supplementation, William W. Edwards

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of L-Aspartic Acid (L-Asp) supplementation on short-term arm-crank power (i.e. W·min^-1) and exercise-induced hyperammonemia in two gender-specific investigations. METHODS: The male investigation (MALE) used nine highly-trained intercollegiate water polo players (WP) and nine moderately-trained college students (MOD); the female investigation (FEM) used 18 recreationally-trained college students. All exercised to exhaustion on two occasions following counterbalanced double-blind ingestion of 12.5g x 2 of L-Asp or placebo (P). The warm-up phase began at 25 W·min^-1 and increased in 25 W·min^-1 stages every 30 seconds (constant 100 rpm). Performance began (i.e. the subjects turned …

Aerobic Respiratory Costs Of Swimming In The Negatively Buoyant Brief Squid Lolliguncula Brevis, Ian K. Bartol, Roger Mann, Mark R. Patterson

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Because of the inherent inefficiency of jet propulsion, squid are considered to be at a competitive disadvantage compared with fishes, which generally depend on forms of undulatory/oscillatory locomotion. Some squid, such as the brief squid Lolliguncula brevis, swim at low speeds in shallow-water complex environments, relying heavily on fin activity. Consequently, their swimming costs may be lower than those of the faster, more pelagic squid studied previously and competitive with those of ecologically relevant fishes. To examine aerobic respiratory swimming Costs, O₂ consumption rates were measured for L. brevis of various sizes (2-9 cm. dorsal mantle length, DML) …