Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study In 279 Adult Patients From A Single Center,
2018
Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Santamarina, Tandil, Argentina
Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study In 279 Adult Patients From A Single Center, Jorge H. Gentile, Claudia Hernandez, Monica D. Sparo, Edgardo M. Rodriguez, Carolina Ceriani, Florencia Bruggesser
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (BPP) is the most common clinical presentation of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Although it has been extensively studied, there is little knowledge in our region in relation to burden of disease, demographic and outcome features.
Methods: We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, observational study from 1989 to 2015 in adult patients with BPP, in order to deepen our knowledge of the characteristics of this disease in our community hospital in Tandil, Argentina.
Results: 279 patients were included. The mean incidence was 2.8/1000 admissions with a sharp decrease in the last two years, reaching 0.8/1000 admissions. Mean patient …
An Hiv-Positive Patient With Copd Admitted To The Icu With Respiratory Failure,
2018
University of Louisville
An Hiv-Positive Patient With Copd Admitted To The Icu With Respiratory Failure, Bhavani Puskur, Veronica Corcino, Srikant Ramachandruni, Viswanathan Nagarajan, Forest W. Arnold
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
No abstract provided.
Non-Resolving Community Acquired Pneumonia (Cap) Due To Blastomyces Dermatitidis (Pulmonary Blastomycosis): Case Report And Review Of Literature,
2018
St. Elizabeth Physicians, Infectious Disease, Crestview Hills, KY, USA
Non-Resolving Community Acquired Pneumonia (Cap) Due To Blastomyces Dermatitidis (Pulmonary Blastomycosis): Case Report And Review Of Literature, Johnson Britto
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
In this case report, we describe a case of progressive acute pulmonary blastomycosis in a healthy adult living in Kentucky, initially presenting with flu like illness with a left sided consolidation, who did not respond to antibiotic therapy. Patient’s clinical condition deteriorated with development of necrotizing bronchopneumonia, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, tree-in-bud reticulonodularity and pleural effusion. A diagnosis of progressive pulmonary blastomycosis was established by radiological findings as well as transbronchial needle aspiration cytology and bronchoalveolar lavage culture demonstrating Blastomyces dermatitidis. Patient showed significant clinical improvement with resolution of pulmonary lesions on antifungal treatment. Since symptoms of blastomycosis are often similar to …
Effectiveness Of The Influenza Vaccine In Preventing Hospitalizations Of Patients With Influenza Community-Acquired Pneumonia,
2018
University of Louisville
Effectiveness Of The Influenza Vaccine In Preventing Hospitalizations Of Patients With Influenza Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Thomas Chandler, Stephen P. Furmanek, Connor L. English, Connor Glick, Wesley Trail, Lara Daniels, Ugochukwu Owolabi, Ruth Carrico, Julio A. Ramirez, Timothy L. Wiemken
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Introduction: Influenza vaccination is the primary strategy for prevention of influenza infection. Influenza infection can vary from mild or even asymptomatic illness to severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Although many national and international investigators and organizations report annual estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness for prevention of influenza infection in the community, few studies report estimates for the prevention of hospitalizations due to influenza CAP, the most severe form of the infection. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine for prevention of hospitalization in patients with influenza-associated CAP.
Methods: This was a test-negative study using …
Duration Of Antibiotic Therapy For Patients With Bacteremic Staphylococcus Aureus Community-Acquired Pneumonia,
2018
University of Louisville
Duration Of Antibiotic Therapy For Patients With Bacteremic Staphylococcus Aureus Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Julio A. Ramirez, Thomas File, Daniel Musher
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
No abstract provided.
Real-Time Pcr Detection Of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Chlamydia Pneumoniae And Legionella Pneumophila In Respiratory Specimens Using The Aries® System,
2018
University of Louisville
Real-Time Pcr Detection Of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Chlamydia Pneumoniae And Legionella Pneumophila In Respiratory Specimens Using The Aries® System, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie A. Wolf, James T. Summersgill
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mpn), Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn), and Legionella pneumophila (Lpn) can cause both epidemic and endemic occurrences of acute respiratory disease and are responsible for up to 22% of cases of community acquired pneumonia. Due to the limited availability of FDA-approved molecular diagnostic assays, we developed and evaluated a multiplexed Real-time PCR assay for the detection of these agents in two respiratory specimen types on the Luminex ARIES® instrument. The instrument provides for nucleic acid extraction plus PCR amplification and target detection in the same cassette. The ARIES® instrument generates a cycle threshold value and a confirmatory melt curve …
Communication Between Clinicians And The Hospital-Based Microbiology Laboratory: Strategies For 2018 And Beyond,
2018
Bryn Mawr Hospital, Bryn Mawr, PA
Communication Between Clinicians And The Hospital-Based Microbiology Laboratory: Strategies For 2018 And Beyond, Hans H. Liu
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
No abstract provided.
Mycobacterium Kansasii As The Primary Etiology Of Pulmonary Infections Due To Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium (Ntm) In Patients Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv): Experience From A Center In Buenos Aires, Argentina,
2018
Alejandro Posadas National Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Mycobacterium Kansasii As The Primary Etiology Of Pulmonary Infections Due To Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium (Ntm) In Patients Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv): Experience From A Center In Buenos Aires, Argentina, Gabriel Yusti, Marcela Heres, Alejandra González, Mariano Fielli, Adrian Ceccato, Alejandra Zapata
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Introduction: Pulmonary diseases due to non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) lung infection in HIV-negative patients are rarely described in the literature. Currently, NTM consist of more than 150 species, and they are globally ubiquitous in both natural and man-made environments.The objective of this study was to define the most frequent species of NTM causing pulmonary disease in HIV-negative patients in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The prevalence of pulmonary diseases caused by NTM is difficult to determine since the isolation of NTM does not necessarily indicate disease.
Methods: A retrospective review of all the respiratory cultures positive for NTM in the …
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center,
2018
University of Louisville
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Julio A. Ramirez, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Forest W. Arnold, Timothy L. Wiemken, Robert R. Kelley, Leslie A. Wolf, Ruth M. Carrico, The Clinical Research Coordinating Center Team
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Insufficient infrastructure is one of the challenges facing investigators in the field of clinical research. At the University of Louisville (UofL) Division of Infectious Diseases, we developed a multidisciplinary coordinating center with the aim to support investigators in all aspects of the clinical research process. The objective of this article is to describe the composition and the role of the different units of the UofL Clinical Research Coordinating Center. The different components of the Center can serve as a template for institutions interested in developing a clinical research support infrastructure.
Clinical Research: From Idea To Publication,
2018
University of Louisville
Clinical Research: From Idea To Publication, Julio A. Ramirez
The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
Julio A. Ramirez, M.D., FACP, Professor of Medicine/Associate Professor of Microbiology and Immunology; Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases; Director, Infectious Diseases Fellowship Training Program and Founding Director, Global Health Initiative at The University of Louisville, presented "Clinical Research: From Idea to Publication" at University of Louisville Department of Medicine Grand Rounds on February 15, 2018. The talk focused on performing an overview of clinical study designs, describing the planning and performing of a clinical study, reviewing the process for statistical and clinical analysis, and presenting the structure of a Clinical Research Coordinating Center.
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center,
2018
University of Louisville
Research Support Infrastructure: Implementing A Clinical Research Coordinating Center, Julio A. Ramirez, Paula Peyrani, William A. Mattingly, Forest W. Arnold, Timothy L. Wiemken, Robert R. Kelley, Leslie A. Wolf, Ruth M. Carrico, Andrea Reyes-Vega
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
Insufficient infrastructure is one of the challenges facing investigators in the field of clinical research. At the University of Louisville (UofL) Division of Infectious Diseases, we developed a multidisciplinary coordinating center with the aim to support investigators in all aspects of the clinical research process. The objective of this article is to describe the composition and the role of the different units of the UofL Clinical Research Coordinating Center. The different components of the Center can serve as a template for institutions interested in developing a clinical research support infrastructure.
Amphibians And Reptiles As A Source Of Salmonella – A Review Of Salmonella Outbreaks In A Period Of Last Ten Years,
2018
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw
Amphibians And Reptiles As A Source Of Salmonella – A Review Of Salmonella Outbreaks In A Period Of Last Ten Years, Mateusz Drozdz, Gabriela Bugla-Plooskonska
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Salmonellosis is a serious problem of public health that mainly infants, young children and people with immunodeficiencies face. Human direct contact with animals is one of the possible ways of transmission of the disease. An increasing trend of keeping exotic pets, including amphibians and reptiles, has been observed for recent years in the United States and developing European countries. Most of these animals are asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella. However, in this review we introduced new and the most dangerous outbreaks of salmonellosis caused by contact with amphibians and reptiles that appeared in all continents in last ten years.
It was …
Recent Incidences And Trends Of The Top Five Cancers In Northeast Appalachian Tennessee,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Recent Incidences And Trends Of The Top Five Cancers In Northeast Appalachian Tennessee, Adekunle Oke, Sylvester Olubolu Orimaye, Ndukwe Kalu, Faustine Williams
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Introduction: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States (U.S.), after cardiovascular disease. Although there has been a continuous decline in cancer mortality rates in the U.S. over the past two decades, the Appalachian region, which extends through 13 states and 420 counties in the southeastern part of the U.S., has seen a lower decline in cancer mortality. From 1980-2014, cancer deaths decreased by almost 45%, but cancer mortality rates in rural Appalachia was 36% higher than for urban non-Appalachian counties. In terms of cancer-specific, although breast cancer mortality rates have also decreased significantly nationally, a …
The Distribution Of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes In Us Population. Data From Nhanes 2006-2016,
2018
East Tennessee State University
The Distribution Of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes In Us Population. Data From Nhanes 2006-2016, Hilary Elom, Shimin Zheng
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Background: Unlike other non-hepatitis c viral infection, hepatitis c viral infection is a non-vaccine preventable disease. Thus, effective treatment is an important part in the prevention of complication of chronic hepatitis c infection. The viral genotype plays a significant role in the choice of treatment regimen.
Aim: the purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis c viral infection and the distribution of viral genotype in the US population.
Methods: Diagnosis of Hepatitis C viral infection was made by assaying the blood specimen collected from the study participants using Ampiclor monitor (Roche Diagnostic System, Inc Branchburg …
Impact Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Hiv Risk Behaviors Using A Nationally Representative Sample From 2011 And 2012,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Impact Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Hiv Risk Behaviors Using A Nationally Representative Sample From 2011 And 2012, Elaine Loudermilk, Megan Quinn, Liang Wang
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked with negative physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. A limited amount of literature has discussed the impact of individual ACEs on HIV risk behaviors using nationally representative data.
Objective: This study investigated how ACEs impact HIV risk behaviors using cross-sectional data from the 2011 and 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
Methods: Data were obtained from BRFSS for 2011 and 2012. Only states that answered the optional ACE questionnaire were included in the study. All ten ACEs were categorized into abuse (parents physically hurt you in any way or parents …
Association Between Smoking And Functional Outcome In Acute Ischemic Stroke Population Treated With Tissue Plasminogen Activator,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Association Between Smoking And Functional Outcome In Acute Ischemic Stroke Population Treated With Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Iretioluwa Ajani, Oluyemi R. Rotimi, Olubunmi Kuku, Ndukwe Kalu, Olakunle Oni, Christian Nwabueze, Thomas Nathaniel, Shimin Zheng
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Association between Smoking and Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Population Treated with Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Iretioluwa Ajani1, Oluyemi Rotimi1, Olubunmi Kuku1, Ndukwe Kalu1, Olakunle Oni1, Nwabueze Christian1,Thomas Nathaniel2, Shimin Zheng1*
1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614
2Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208
*Sponsoring faculty
Background
The effect of smoking on outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with …
Factors That Affect Early Sexual Initiation In A Sample Of College Students In North-East Tennessee: The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Economic Hardship, Family Structure And Religiosity.,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Factors That Affect Early Sexual Initiation In A Sample Of College Students In North-East Tennessee: The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences, Economic Hardship, Family Structure And Religiosity., Oluyemi R. Rotimi, Hima Bindu Dubasi, Ruby Yadav, Mildred Maisonet
Appalachian Student Research Forum
Background
Normal adolescent development often involves sexual activity. Early sexual initiation poses a challenge to health and well-being. In 2015, Tennessee had the 9th highest teen birth rate in the country. The structural, social and economic environments of growth define sexual risk taking, with poverty, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) religiosity and family structure known to affect adolescent and adult health. This study seeks to explore the effect of these factors on early sexual initiation.
Methods
A sample of college students taking the introductory psychology course participated in the study through the ETSU SONA system. They completed a self-reported web-based …
Hiv Clustering In Mississippi: Spatial Epidemiological Study To Inform Implementation Science In The Deep South,
2018
Tufts University
Hiv Clustering In Mississippi: Spatial Epidemiological Study To Inform Implementation Science In The Deep South, Thomas J. Stopka, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, Kendra Johnson, Philip A. Chan, Marga Hutcheson, Richard A. Crosby, Deirdre Burke, Leandro Mena, Amy Nunn
Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications
Background: In recent years, more than half of new HIV infections in the United States occur among African Americans in the Southeastern United States. Spatial epidemiological analyses can inform public health responses in the Deep South by identifying HIV hotspots and community-level factors associated with clustering.
Objective: The goal of this study was to identify and characterize HIV clusters in Mississippi through analysis of state-level HIV surveillance data.
Methods: We used a combination of spatial epidemiology and statistical modeling to identify and characterize HIV hotspots in Mississippi census tracts (n=658) from 2008 to 2014. We conducted spatial analyses of all …
Vaccine Epidemiology And Decision-Making: A Bryant Student Focus,
2018
Bryant University
Vaccine Epidemiology And Decision-Making: A Bryant Student Focus, Hannah Coburn
Honors Projects in Science and Technology
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that influenza has resulted in between 9.2 and 35.6 million illnesses and between 12,000 and 56,000 deaths annually since 2010 (1). Annual influenza vaccination remains to be the most effective way in controlling the spread and symptom severity of influenza infections (1). Influenza infections are especially virulent on college campuses as a dense population of students interact in close quarters such as shared housing, bathrooms, dining halls, classrooms, and social activities (2). Despite influenza vaccinations being safe, effective, easily accessible to Bryant University students, and free of cost, many students choose not …
Cross-Sectional Comparison Of Behavioral Risk Factors For Hiv/Hcv In People Who Inject Drugs (Pwid) In Egypt,
2018
George Washington University
Cross-Sectional Comparison Of Behavioral Risk Factors For Hiv/Hcv In People Who Inject Drugs (Pwid) In Egypt, Sarah Martinez, Amira A. Roess, Monica S. Ruiz, Atef Bakhoum, Ehab El Kharrat
GW Research Days 2016 - 2020
Background
Egypt has the greatest HCV prevalence worldwide at 15% and a concentrated HIV epidemic in male people who inject drugs (PWID) at 6.8%, who are at a high risk for HCV infection as well. Injection drug use is criminalized in Egypt, and there is limited availability of harm reduction programs. Drug-use and sexual risk behaviors between PWID and the general population have not been studied there.
Methods
To address this gap, a cross-sectional HIV/HCV epidemiological study of 632 consenting injection drug users in Cairo and Alexandria was conducted. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the associations between …
