Health Services Research Commons^™

Coxarthrosis Etiology Influences The Patients’ Quality Of Life In The Preoperative And Postoperative Phase Of Total Hip Arthroplasty, Madalin Bulzan, Simona Cavalu, Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid, Calin Tudor Hozan, Florica Voiţă-Mekeres

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Background. In orthopedics, the patients’ quality of life relative to the preoperative and postoperative phase is referred with a low impact compared to other branches of medicine. In this context, our interest focused on assessing the quality of life in patients with traumatic and non-traumatic coxarthrosis by longitudinally following the evolution of the patients. Materials and Methods. The well-established instrument Short Form Survey SF-36 was applied in a retrospective study, conducted on a cohort of 203 participants who underwent THA (Total Hip Arthroplasty). Statistical analysis was generated using GraphPad Prism (version 9.5.1). Results. In the pre-operative phase, physical functioning was …

The Health Outcomes And Health Service Needs Of The Martu And Nyiyaparli People Of Northwest Western Australia: A Grey Literature Review, Keith Mcnaught, Colette Rhoding, Michelle J. Schwager

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

Introduction: Health outcomes for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait peoples are very poor. This is considerably worse in remote regions. The East Pilbara, where the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities of the Martu and Nyiyaparli people reside, is one such remote region.

Methods: This review explored the grey literature relating to the health services and health outcomes of the Martu and Nyiyaparli people. Search strategies included specific search terms as well as the systematic search of specific websites likely to inform this review. To ensure relevance of the data, the review incorporated documents published in the last five years …

Pharmacoeconomics Of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treatment With Targeted Therapies Guided By Companion Molecular Diagnostics, Luis E. Fernández-Garza, Hector Sánchez-Ibarra, Daniela Treviño-Sáenz, Hugo A. Barrera-Saldaña

Research Symposium

Background: To guide the treatment with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the FDA recommends prior companion molecular diagnosis (CMDx). It initially recommended screening for mutations in exon 2 of the KRAS gene, and most recently to extend to screening to exons 2, 3, and 4 of KRAS and 2, 3, and 4 of NRAS genes; furthermore, to evaluate the BRAF exon 15 mutation status (including V600E). To date, no studies have been done to compare the cost-benefit of these different CMDXs.

Methods: We have compared the cost of treatment without …

The Role Of Community Pharmacists In The Provision Of Medication For Opioid Use Disorder Treatment In Rio Grande Valley, Tamara Al Rawwad, Ammar Kawaleet, Lydia Aguilera, Adrian Sandoval

Research Symposium

Background: The misuse of opioids, including prescription opioids, heroin, and fentanyl, has reached epidemic proportions in the US, resulting in more than 68,000 overdose deaths in 2020, and a total of $78.5 billion a year of economic burden. In response to this crisis, the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) released a strategic plan to combat opioid abuse and misuse, recommending a multidisciplinary approach, including the inclusion of pharmacists in the efforts. The aim of this study is to examine pharmacists’ perception of their role in the provision of medication for opioid use disorders (MOUD) in addition to …

All-Cause And Opioid-Related Mortality Compared Between Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury And The Us General Population, Jaden Whitehead, Beatrice Ugiliweneza

The Cardinal Edge

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are susceptible to the misuse of opioids due to the introduction of these substances for pain management. There are very few studies examining the relationship between unintentional deaths caused by opioid usage following spinal cord injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend of opioid-related mortality of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) over the years and compare these findings to the mortality rates due to opioid misuse in the general population. In this study, we used data provided by the National Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (NSCIMS) for SCI 1999-2016 …

Results Of Nursing Training Reforms: Estimating The Scope Of Nursing Practice, Marat Serikbayev, Saltanat Mamyrbekova, Ainur B. Kumar, Lyazzat Kosherbayeva, Akmaral Abikulova, Laura Seiduanova, Elmira Serikbayeva

Journal of Health Research

Background: With the adoption of the Astana Declaration on primary health care, modern approaches are being introduced in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The created national foundations of the nursing management system in Kazakhstan are a visible manifestation of a new organizational culture. In connection with the large-scale reform of nursing and the creation of a new position of nurses that meets modern social challenges and international requirements, the role of nurses in healthcare has increased significantly. In this study, we measured the actual scope of nursing practice among nurses in the medical organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Methods: …

As Práticas Em Saúde Para O Enfrentamento Da Covid-19 Em Municípios Rurais Do Sul Do Brasil: Estudo De Caso, Lucia H. Donini Souto, Deise Lisboa Riquinho, Nikole Figueiredo Martins, Ana Paula De Lima

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

No abstract provided.

The Appalachian Gap In Preventable Hospitalizations: Are We Seeing Any Progress?, Rachel Hogg-Graham, Juan Lang, Teresa M. Waters

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Previous studies have documented geographic variation in preventable hospitalizations between rural and urban areas, but much less is known about preventable hospitalization patterns between heterogeneous rural areas. Unique challenges related to access of care and poverty may put the rural Appalachian Region at risk for higher rates of preventable hospitalizations.

Purpose: This study examines whether within-rural differences in Kentucky’s preventable hospitalization rates exist and how these differences may be changing over time.

Methods: Longitudinal and geographic trends in county-level preventable hospitalization rates were examined using Kentucky hospital discharge data from 2016 to 2019. Regression models were run to determine …

Association Between Insurer Connectivity In Appalachian Population Health Networks And Preventable Hospitalizations: Evidence From Kentucky, Rachel Hogg-Graham, Kelsey R. Gatton, Rick Ingram, Glen P. Mays

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Addressing complex health and social needs requires cross-sector collaboration to deliver medical, social, and population health services at the community level. Capacity in community health and social services networks may be constrained in regions like Appalachia due to the combined effects of rurality and persistently poor health and social outcomes. One way that cross-sector networks serving low-resource communities can expand their capacity is by engaging partners, like health insurers, who can leverage resources from outside the local area.

Purpose: This study examines insurer connectivity in cross-sector networks across Kentucky’s geographic regions and the association between connectivity and the probability …

Patient Engagement In Patient Portals In Appalachia V. Surrounding U.S. Census Regions: An Analysis Of Hints (Health Information National Trends Survey) Data, 2017–2020, Heather Lea Tudor, Rick Ingram, Sarah Wackerbarth

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Those living in the Appalachian Region face a greater number of significant health disparities than residents of other areas of the U.S. Patient portals can decrease disparities, increase health literacy, and improve health outcomes.

Purpose: This study explores if those living in the Appalachian Region are offered access to and use their patient portals differently than those in the surrounding U.S. Census regions. Additionally, the study aims to determine if there was a difference in reported reasons for the non-use of patient portals.

Methods: A secondary analysis was completed using data from the National Cancer Institute's Health Information National …

Exploring The Experience Of Sexuality And Gender During The Healthcare Transition Of The Youth With Cerebral Palsy, Umma Salma

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: Transition from the pediatric to adult health care system is an important phase of healthcare for youth with cerebral palsy (CP). Sexuality and gender are two very important components of health that are mostly ignored in the healthcare transition process. It is possible that health care providers only see a client’s disability, and therefore, key aspects of sexuality and gender diversity may be ignored, or deemed irrelevant as a result of their disability status. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to explore how gender and sexuality may influence the experience of health care transition for youth with cerebral …

Multimodal Environmental Cleaning Strategies To Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections, Katrina Browne, Brett G. Mitchell

Nursing and Health Papers and Journal Articles

Infection transmission in healthcare is multifaceted and by in large involves the complex interplay between a pathogen, a host and their environment. To prevent transmission, infection prevention strategies must also consider these complexities and incorporate targeted interventions aimed at all possible transmission pathways. One strategy to prevent and control infection is environmental cleaning. There are many aspects to an environmental cleaning strategy. We believe the key to successfully reducing the risk of healthcare-associated infections through the environment, is to design and implement a multimodal intervention. This paper aims to provide an overview of important considerations for designing a meaningful and …

The Changing Landscape Of Orthopaedic Surgery In Ontario: Where We Are, Where We Have Been, And Where We Are Going., Silvio Ndoja

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Orthopedic surgery is a field which has often been talked about with regards to surgeon underemployment. This is particularly important given the paradoxical increasing demand for orthopedic care. There has not been well studied literature understanding the state of orthopedic surgery training in Ontario, Canada. Using a combination of various databases and surveying surgeons trained in Ontario we sought to provide some insight.

We demonstrated multiple important findings. More recent graduates are feeling less ready to enter practice and almost all graduates do at least 1 fellowship, with equal amount of 1 versus 2 fellowships. We showed an effect of …

Chronic Lower Back Pain Among Women In India: Evidence-Based Approach To Risk Factors And Interventions, Aelita Matosova

Master's Projects and Capstones

Chronic lower back pain (CLBP) is a prevalent issue worldwide, affecting about 1.71 billion people, with a significant proportion being women. CLBP is a major health concern in India, particularly among women, which were 80% reported experiencing this condition. Several factors, such as personal beliefs, sociocultural norms, restricted healthcare access, repetitive movements, and psychological aspects, contribute to this high prevalence leading to severe health and economic implications, including reduced work productivity and income. Although there have been several reports on prevalence and risk factors of CLBP, to our knowledge, there has not been enough work focusing on evidence-based interventions to …

Implementing Text-Messaging To Support And Enhance Delivery Of Health Behavior Change Interventions In Low- To Middle-Income Countries: Case Study Of The Lifestyle Africa Intervention., Frank T. Materia, Joshua M. Smyth, Thandi Puoane, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Kathy Goggin, Stephen R. Kodish, Andrew T. Fox, Ken Resnicow, Scott Werntz, Delwyn Catley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is rising in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Health behavior change (HBC) interventions such as the widely used Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) are effective at reducing chronic disease risk, but have not been adapted for LMICs. Leveraging mobile health (mHealth) technology such as text messaging (SMS) to enhance reach and participant engagement with these interventions has great promise, yet we lack evidence-informed approaches to guide the integration of SMS specifically to support HBC interventions in LMIC contexts. To address this gap, we integrated guidance from the mHealth literature with …

Trends In Primary Care Visits And Diabetes Control For Type 2 Diabetics Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Carole Berini

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Community health worker interventions have shown potential to improve health outcomes and reduce inequities particularly for patients with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, there is a lack of support for CHW integration in the delivery of health care. The recent COVID pandemic may have affected outcomes for T2D patients and exacerbated existing inequities in care. This dissertation aimed to address three broad questions through three separate manuscripts. The first one was a systematic literature review to examine the impact of community health workers on health outcomes for rural US populations. The second and third papers used …

Psychometric Properties Of The Impact Index In Patients With Chronic Conditions, Kd Valentine, Suzanne Brodney, Carol Cosenza, J. Lee Hargraves, Karen Sepucha, Susan Edgman-Levitan, Michael Barry

Patient Experience Journal

The purpose of this paper was to extend the generalizability of the patient-reported Impact Index by assessing convergent validity in patients with common chronic conditions. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,000 English-speaking patients aged 21 and older who visited their provider in the past 6 months and were included in one or more of a hospital’s chronic condition registries. Patients completed a survey that included the Impact Index (4-item measure of how impacted a patient is by their health condition: range 0-12, higher score indicating greater negative impact on quality of life), overall health, and self-report of diagnosis of …

‘Making It Meaningful’: Co-Designing An Intervention To Improve Medication Safety For People From Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds Accessing Cancer Services., Ashfaq Chauhan, Bronwyn Newman, Elsa Roberto, Ramesh Lahiru Walpola, Holly Seale, Melvin Chin, Reema Harrison

Patient Experience Journal

This study reports on the process of using an adapted Experienced-Based Co-Design (EBCD) conducted with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) consumers and cancer service staff to co-design the novel ‘Making it Meaningful’(MiM) instrument at a cancer service in Australia. Multi-source experiential and contextual information was gathered in phase 1 of the co-design and this evidence, coupled with knowledge gathered via a feedback event was used to inform three co-design workshops in phase 2. A series of meetings were conducted prior to and in between the workshops. Theory was progressively integrated into the workshop content. Two Mandarin speaking CALD consumers and …

Patient-Centered Care Frameworks, Models And Approaches: An Environmental Scan, Aghna Wasim, Maria Sajan, Umair Majid

Patient Experience Journal

Although the definition of patient-centered care (PCC) remains unclear, researchers and healthcare professionals describe the concept as treating the patient as a unique human being with consideration for their physical and psychosocial needs and emphasize the importance of shared-decision making between patients and healthcare professionals. However, discussion around the connection and overlap between PCC and patient and family engagement (PE) has been limited. Some authors describe PE as an operationalization of PCC, while others consider PE a type of PCC. An enhanced understanding of PCC might allow for improvements in implementing PE across healthcare systems. Insight into the operationalization of …

A Consensus Panel Approach To Estimating The Start-Up And Annual Service Costs For Rural Ambulance Agencies, Yvonne Jonk Phd, Gary Wingrove Facpe, Cp-C, Nikiah Nudell Ms, Mphil, Nrp, Facpe, Kevin Mcginnis Mps

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

This brief serves to fill the information void on the costs of running ambulance services for three population-based service tiers and establishes a minimum access standard for ambulances servicing a 25-minute travel time radius from the ambulance station. The model enables policymakers and community stakeholders to develop strategic plans for the financing and provision of ambulance services. Key Highlights: An expert panel established that ambulances could reasonably serve a maximum 25-minute travel time from the ambulance station that accounts for road conditions. A minimum access standard was defined as a single resource consisting of one full-time staffed ambulance, with a …