Epidemiology Commons^™

Association Between Neighborhood Social Deprivation And Stage At Diagnosis Among Breast Cancer Patients In South Carolina, Oluwole Adeyemi Babatunde, Whitney Zahnd Ph.D., Jan Eberth Ph.D., Andrew B. Lawson, Swann Arp Adams, Eric Adjei Boakye, Melanie S. Jefferson, Caitlin G. Allen, John L. Pearce, Hong Li, Chanita Hughes Halbert

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood social deprivation and individual-level characteristics on breast cancer staging in African American and white breast cancer patients. We established a retrospective cohort of patients with breast cancer diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 using the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry. We abstracted sociodemographic and clinical variables from the registry and linked these data to a county-level composite that captured neighborhood social conditions—the social deprivation index (SDI). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests, Student’s t-test, and multivariable ordinal regression analysis to evaluate associations. The study sample included 52,803 female patients …

Genomics Of Postprandial Lipidomics In The Genetics Of Lipid-Lowering Drugs And Diet Network Study, Marguerite R. Irvin, May E. Montasser, Tobias Kind, Sili Fan, Dinesh K. Barupal, Amit Patki, Rikki M. Tanner, Nicole D. Armstrong, Kathleen A. Ryan, Steven A. Claas, Jeffrey R. O’Connell, Hemant K. Tiwari, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Postprandial lipemia (PPL) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Inter-individual variation in the dietary response to a meal is known to be influenced by genetic factors, yet genes that dictate variation in postprandial lipids are not completely characterized. Genetic studies of the plasma lipidome can help to better understand postprandial metabolism by isolating lipid molecular species which are more closely related to the genome. We measured the plasma lipidome at fasting and 6 h after a standardized high-fat meal in 668 participants from the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network study (GOLDN) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled …

Childbirth Educators’ Role Regarding Pregnant Women And Cervical Cancer Prevention, Olufunmiso Oyetunde Asamu, Hadi Danawi

Journal of Excellence in Nursing and Healthcare Practice

Childbirth educators play an important role in educating pregnant women regarding their health. They bridge the gap between pregnant women and healthcare providers. A paucity of information exists on the benefits that pregnant women derive from interactions with childbirth educators regarding early cervical cancer detection. The purpose of our cross-sectional study was to investigate the association among education during early pregnancy offered by the childbirth educators, access to childbirth educators, availability of childbirth educators in the United States and survival from cervical cancer. Secondary data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) on 520,153 women were analyzed using logistic …

Responding To The Pandemic: A Multicountry Study On Social-Political Factors And Health Outcomes Of Covid-19, Lan Yao

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a major global threat to human beings, which has caused devastating consequences of population health, political, and economic crises in many countries. This dissertation was composed of three research activities to study the following aims: (1) review the existing literature focusing on political factors and health outcomes of COVID-19; (2) assess the relationship between democracy and case fatality rate of COVID-19 by controlling for the effect of age, comorbidity, health expenditure, healthcare workforce, and population density; and (3) identify the trajectory pattern cases peak days, deaths peak days, and peak periods.

Methods. We accessed …

Effects Of Sesame Consumption On Inflammatory Biomarkers In Humans: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Shabnam Rafiee, Roghaye Faryabi, Mohammad Ali Zareian, Jessie Hawkins, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Laila Shirbeigi

Faculty Publications

Objectives. Existing evidence produces conflicting findings regarding the effect of sesame intake on inflammatory biomarkers; thisknowledge gap has yet to be met through systematic review and meta-analysis. )is meta-analysis of randomized, controlledclinical trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sesame consumption on markers of inflammation in humans. Methods. PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched through August 2020 to identify relevant papers for inclusion. Using the random-effects model, data were evaluated as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Cochrane’s Q and I-squared (I2) tests were used to …

Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men And Transgender Women Living With And Without Hiv In Pakistan: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Study, Muslima Ejaz, Soren Andersson, Salma Batool, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Anna Mia Ekström

Community Health Sciences

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection, genotypes and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan. Anal infection with HPV is very common worldwide among MSM, particularly among MSM living with HIV. The high prevalence of HIV among MSM and male-to-female transgendered individuals in Pakistan is a significant health concern since access to screening and health-seeking is often delayed in this stigmatised key population.
Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2016 and November 2017.
Participants, …

Analisis Hubungan Kebisingan Terhadap Keluhan Gangguan Pendengaran Pada Pekerja Di Departemen Spinning, Weaving, Dan Dyeing Pt X Tahun 2020, Kota Jakarta Timur, Dki Jakarta, Adelia Hanita Dewi, Haryoto Kusnoputranto

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. PT X is a textile industry in Indonesia with a variety of machinery and equipment generating high-intensity noise in several areas. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between noise intensity higher than 85 dBA with hearing loss complain on workers of spinning, weaving, and dyeing department at PT X. Methods. The method used in this study was quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional study design. The number of samples in this study was 84 workers chosen by proportionate stratified random sampling method. The independent variable in this study was noise level while the dependent variable was hearing loss complaints, …

Hubungan Kepadatan Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Di Rumah Dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Di Kelurahan Tegal Alur Kecamatan Kalideres, Jakarta Barat, Tahun 2019, Alifia Daariy, R Budi Haryanto

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the main public health concerns in Indonesia. Aedes aegypti mosquito abundance is a risk factor for DHF. This condition is also influenced by individual characteristics and worsened by environmental factors, eradication of mosquito nests and prevention of mosquito bites practice. Metode. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design aims to analyze the correlation of adult Ae. aegypti density in houses with DHF in Tegal Alur, Kalideres, 2019. The data were obtained from interviewing 152 study subjects and collecting adult mosquitoes in 55 selected houses in 4 high incidence RW. Adult Ae. aegypti …

Hubungan Tingkat Kebisingan Di Lingkungan Kerja Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Pekerja Di Unit Utilities Dan Oil Movement Pt Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit Vi Balongan, Jawa Barat Tahun 2020, Cheryl Khairunnisa Miyanda, Ema Hermawati

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. This study aims to analyze the relationship of noise levels in the work environment, factors of worker characteristics (age, length of work, duration of work, hereditary history, and BMI), worker behavior (use of PPE, smoking behavior, and physical activity) with blood pressure on workers in Utilities and Oil Movement Units of PT Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit VI Balongan in 2020. Methods. This study uses quantitative research methods with cross sectional study design. The number of samples of this study are 72 workers in the Utilities and Oil Movement Units. Data of noise is obtained from direct measurements using a …

Hubungan Faktor Individu, Lingkungan Dan Komputer Dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (Cvs) Pada Staf Polres Metro Jakarta Pusat Tahun 2020, Achmad Fachri, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is one of the emerging diseases in the 21st century because of advanced technology with the global prevalence around 60 million from various population characteristics and could cause an economic burden equivalent to 192 trillion rupiah. To determine the relationship of individual, environmental, and computer factors as well as the dominant risk factor with the occurrence of CVS in the Central Jakarta Metropolitan Police Officers in 2020. Methods. This study uses a cross-sectional study approach with sample of 92 police officers who are serving at the headquarters. Data were collected through questionnaire and direct environmental …

Analisis Spasial Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2014-2018, Irwin Umi Latifah, Laila Fitria

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a arbovirus disease transmitted by Aedes sp. throughout the world including Indonesia. This disease is endemic in several regions such as West Java, one of regions is Cirebon regency whose cases are always in the region. This study aims to spatially analyze the incidence of dengue fever in Cirebon regency in 2014-2018. This study uses an ecological study design, which analyzes the population between climate variables (air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed), population density, and larval free numbers using secondary data. Methods. This study uses graphical relationship analysis, statistical analysis that is statistical …

Menjaga Keberlangsungan Situ Pladen Dengan “Pesan Jepapah”, Zakyta P. G, Adhe F, Zakianis Zakianis, Aisya S. N, Aisya K, Dwi N. N, Hanisa P, Imelda O. D. J, Johnida A. A, Novi M. C, Rifa F, Achmad F, Harry K, Dinda C, Donny A

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Backgrounds. Depok is one of the cities with waste production reaching 1,307 tons per day. From 1,307 tonnes of waste generated, only 850 tonnes of waste can be transported. Garbage that is not accommodated in the Final Disposal Site is eventually dumped in any place, which is Situ Pladen, which results in poor water quality because it contains toxic waste. This study aims to identify problems, determine priority problems in waste management, identify determinant factors of waste management problems, and intervene based on determinant factors of waste management problems in the Situ Pladen area. Methods. This research is a quantitative …

A Research Framework For Evaluating Next Generation Sequencing In Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Ashley M. Wilde, Elena Swingler, Sarah E. Moore Pharmd, Brian C. Bohn Pharmd, Matthew Song Pharmd, Bcidp, Ruth Carrico, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Iron Homeostasis And Manganese Exposure Occupational Cross-Sectional Study Of A Welder Population, Meredith Robbins

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Manganese exposure is a serious occupational health hazard for many welders, smelters, and miners. Manganese exposure may result in Parkinson-like symptoms. It has been hypothesized that altered iron concentrations in the brain could also lead to neurological symptoms similar to what appears in those with chronic exposer to manganese. Therefore, the goal of this project is to explore the relationship between manganese and hepcidin as an indicator of altered iron homeostasis. Population demographics were collected from semi-trailer factory workers in a cross-sectional study via a questionnaire. Demographic information includes age, race, and weight. Toenail clippings and questionnaires were collected on …

Racial And Ethnic Data Reported For Peanut Allergy Epidemiology Do Little To Advance Its Cause, Treatment, Or Prevention, Nigel Mark Thomas

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Bayesian Spatial Models For Hiv Mapping In South Africa, Kassahun Abere Ayalew, Samuel Manda, Bo Cai Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Despite making significant progress in tackling its HIV epidemic, South Africa, with 7.7 million people living with HIV, still has the biggest HIV epidemic in the world. The Government, in collaboration with developmental partners and agencies, has been strengthening its responses to the HIV epidemic to better target the delivery of HIV care, treatment strategies and prevention services. Population-based household HIV surveys have, over time, contributed to the country’s efforts in monitoring and understanding the magnitude and heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic. Local-level monitoring of progress made against HIV and AIDS is increasingly needed for decision making. Previous studies have …

South To North Migration Patterns Of Tuberculosis Patients Diagnosed In The Mexican Border With Texas, Jennifer S. Curry, Bassent Abdelbary, Moncerrato García-Viveros, Juan Ignacio Garcia, Marcel Yotebieng, Adrian Rendon, Jordi B. Torrelles, Blanca I. Restrepo

School of Medicine Publications

The Mexican state of Tamaulipas serves as a migration waypoint into the US. Here, we determined the contribution of immigrants to TB burden in Tamaulipas. TB surveillance data from Tamaulipas (2006–2013) was used to conduct a cross-sectional characterization of TB immigrants (born outside Tamaulipas) and identify their association with TB treatment outcomes. Immigrants comprised 30.8% of TB patients, with > 99% originating from internal Mexican migration. Most migration was from South to North, with cities adjacent to the US border as destinations. Immigrants had higher odds of risk factors for TB [older age (≥ 65 year old, OR 2.4, 95% CI …

Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Case Report From The Covid-19 Surveillance Program., Mohamad Belal Aldaas, Dylan Goldsmith, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

A 72-year-old male was brought to the hospital following a motorcycle crash and was admitted for multiple trauma management. His initial course of hospitalization was complicated by mild hypoxemia and altered mental status. Respiratory workup and imaging were consistent with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. He completed a five-day course of remdesivir and a ten-day course of dexamethasone. Twenty days later, he developed a low-grade fever. His chest computerized tomography (CT) showed gas and fluid containing parenchymal collection in the anteromedial right middle lobe measuring up to 4.8 cm, most consistent with a pulmonary abscess. Antimicrobial treatment was started.

The patient became hypoxic …

Mitigating The Externality Of Diseases Of Poverty Through Health Aid, Kamal Jnawali, Michael G. Tyshenko, Tamer Oraby

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Externality exists in healthcare when an individual benefits from others being healthy as it reduces the probability of getting sick from illness. Healthy workers are considered to be the more productive labourers leading to a country’s positive economic growth over time. Several research studies have modelled disease transmission and its economic impact on a single country in isolation. We developed a two-country diseaseeconomy model that explores disease transmission and crossborder infection of disease for its impacts. The model includes aspects of a worsening and rapid transmission of disease juxtaposed by positive impacts to the economy from tourism. We found that …

University Of Louisville International Travel Clinic: Pivoting During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie A Wolf, Luanne Didelot, Sarah Tan, Daniel Hall, Ruth Carrico

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.