Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Cholesterol-Lowering And Probiotic Properties Of Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria, Engkarat Kingkaew

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Ninety strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented foods and bark of Tamarindus indica were screening cholesterol-lowering effects, selected and identified based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. They were identified as Companilactobacillus farciminis (5 strains), C. formosensis (10 strains), C. futsaii (6 strains), C. pabuli (4 strains), Enterococcus thailandicus (2 strains), Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis (3 strains), Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (10 strains), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (17 strains), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (2 strains), Lentilactobacillus buchneri (8 strains), Limosilactobacillus fermentum (2 strains), P. pentosaceus (12 strains) and each of En. durans, En. hirae, En. lactis, …

A Role For The Hydroxybenzoic Acid Metabolites Of Flavonoids And Aspirin In The Prevention Of Colorectal Cancer, Ranjini Sankaranarayanan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds, with established antioxidant properties, that are present ubiquitously in plants, fruits, and vegetables. Their universal presence in nature is evident by the fact that more than 4000 types of flavonoids have been identified till date. Additionally, they have also become part of the daily diet through consumption of fruits such as berries, grapes, pomegranate, and cherries, and vegetables such as onions, kale, and eggplant. High levels of flavonoids are also consumed through beverages such as tea and red wine. Numerous studies have demonstrated that a diet rich in flavonoids decreases the incidences of …

A Brief Review Of Fda’S Novel Tools For Ensuring Pharmaceutical Quality In The Human Drug Supply Chain, Heather R. Campbell, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose

Pharmaceutical manufacturers execute quality control operations and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to provide safe drugs. The Federal Drug and Food Administration (FDA) is tasked with ensuring manufacturers are performing such procedures. Faced with limited resources the FDA has developed novel tools to aid pharmaceutical manufacturing oversight. This paper briefly reviews these tools.

Methods

Current inspection approaches employed by the FDA are identified by searching the FDA’s guidances, the Code of Federal Regulations, public reports and other online resources.

Outcomes

Industry

A risk-based site selection model (SSM) is used to prioritize on-site inspections for FDA investigators. Theoretically, the SSM allows …

Solving The Continual Improvement And Innovation Challenge For The Benefit Of Patients: How An Effective Pharmaceutical Quality System (Pqs) And Risk-Based Approach Could Transform Post-Approval Change (Pac) Management, Emabelle Ramnarine

Dissertations

Patients deserve their medicines on time every time. Regulators safeguard public health by ensuring availability of safe, effective, high-quality medicines. Pharmaceutical companies must continually improve and innovate to deliver such medicines. In spite of these patient-centric objectives, drug shortages have continued to grow as a global public health concern. The drug shortage problem has existed for decades though there has been no shortage of effort, recommendations, papers, and expectations to resolve it. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic even exceptional measures were rapidly implemented to prevent shortages, yet no long-term solutions have been found.

This research hypothesis was that due to …

School Of Pharmacy Intellectual Property Report Fy21, Second Quarter Report - Revised July 6, 2021, Soumyajit Majumdar

U. S. Patents, School of Pharmacy

School of Pharmacy Intellectual Property Report FY21, Fourth Quarter Report (as of 12/31/2020) - Revised July 6, 2021

School Of Pharmacy Intellectual Property Report Fy21, Third Quarter Report - Revised July 6, 2021, Soumyajit Majumdar

U. S. Patents, School of Pharmacy

School of Pharmacy Intellectual Property Report FY21, Third Quarter Report (as of 3/31/2021) – Revised July 6, 2021

Responses Of Predatory Myxobacteria To Prey Signaling Molecules & Features Of A Pseudomonas Prey Avoiding Predation, Shukria Akbar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gram-negative unicellular myxobacteria, along with their multicellular lifestyle andbiologically active specialized metabolites, are known for the predatory interactions with Gram-negative/ Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Although myxobacterial predation range have been exploited extensively, little is known about the prey associated molecules contributing to myxobacterial predator-prey dynamics. By employing transcriptomics and untargeted metabolomics approaches, we demonstrate two structurally distinct classes of signaling molecules from Gram-negative bacterial prey elicit significant omics responses from myxobacteria, Myxococcus xanthus and Cystobacter ferrugineus. An overlapping and general response to acylhomoserine lactones, whereas a distinctive response to a quinolone signaling molecule is observed from both myxobacteria. Similarly, by …

Responses Of Myxobacteria To Plant-Related Chemosignals Suggests Their Roles In The Rhizobiome, Barbara Iyare Adaikpoh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the rhizosphere, plants curate and maintain distinct rhizobiome, some of which serve as secondary defense mechanisms against pathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, in response to biotic stress, plants generate phytohormones which regulate signaling pathways to activate systemic resistance. These phytohormones contribute to the chemical space within the rhizosphere in addition to other low-molecular-weight metabolites used for cell-to-cell communication within species and across kingdoms. However, little is known about the influences of stress-related phytohormones on beneficial bacteria even though biocontrol strategies abundantly explore plant-beneficial microorganisms to manage pathogens in agricultural systems. Myxobacteria are competent predators of plant pathogens and have demonstrated responses …

Influence Of Rage Signaling On Cellular Communication In Diabetes-Mediated Vascular Calcification, Amber Michelle Kennon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the main characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). With the increased prevalence of T2DM, the risk of cardiovascular complications, including heart attack or stroke, is increased. Complications linked to the vasculature are increased vascular calcification (VC) or mineral deposition within the medial layer of conducting arteries. Under calcification conditions, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) undergo an osteogenic switch to an osteoblast-like cell and begin producing bone proteins. Chronic hyperglycemia can also result in increased extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, accumulation, and crosslinking. One of the cell types responsible for increased ECM synthesis are ‘activated’ fibroblasts …

Correlation Of Cyp2d6 Polymorphisms And Pharmacokinetics Of Primaquine In Thai Army Population On The Thailand-Cambodia Border Area, Waritda Pookmanee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The antimalarial drug primaquine (PQ), which has minimal activity, has to be metabolized through the CYP2D6 enzyme for its most effective antimalarial activity. The stable form 5,6-orthoquinone-primaquine (5,6-PQ) was used as a representative marker for PQ active metabolite quantification. However, the relationship between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of 5,6-PQ has not been reported. We assessed the relationship between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and PKs of both PQ and 5,6-PQ in the Thai army population on the Thailand-Cambodia border area. We found that 56% of volunteers were CYP2D6 normal metabolizers (CYP2D6 NMs) and 44% were CYP2D6 intermediate metabolizers (CYP2D6 IMs). …

Protective Effect Of Intranasal Asiatic Acid In Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment In Mice, Su Lwin Lwin Myint

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Asiatic acid (AA), a major constituent of Centella asiatica extract, possesses various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective effects. Low oral bioavailability has limited AA penetration to the brain. The intranasal administration increases the efficacy of drug by passing blood brain barrier and by avoiding the metabolism by hepatic enzyme. This study investigated the protective effect and the mechanisms of intranasal asiatic acid in scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Mice are divided into seven groups; control (Con), scopolamine (3 mg/kg; Sco), scopolamine plus donepezil (3 mg/kg; Don), scopolamine plus intranasal asiatic acid (2.31 mg/kg; INAA) and scopolamine plus oral …

Formulation Development And Evaluation Of Spray-Dried Astaxanthin-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Delivery Systems In Tablets, Wai Thet Aung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

An antioxidant activity of astaxanthin (AST) is one of the desirable bioactive properties for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. However, poor aqueous solubility and high possibility of degradation of AST limit its efficacy of oral absorption and bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and optimize the spray-dried astaxanthin-loaded self-microemulsifying delivery system (SMEDS) in tablets to improve solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of AST. By using a mixture design, liquid AST SMEDS (L-AST SMEDS) formulations containing rice bran oil, Kolliphor® RH40, and Span® 20 were optimized based on the desirability function. The optimal L-AST SMEDS composed of rice bran …

Asiaticoside Loaded Microemulsion Based Thermoresponsive System For Wound Healing And Cytotoxicity Study, Yin Thu Eain

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Microemulsions were used in various pharmaceutical applications and platform of various drug delivery systems. This study aimed on microemulsion based thermogelling systems which were composed of vegetable oils, pharmaceutically accepted surfactants, cosurfactants and gelation polymer. The surfactants were mixed with cosurfactants to obtain 1:0, 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 blends of surfactant to cosurfactant. o/w microemulsions were used to incorporated with poloxamer 407 to provide thermoresponsive gelling systems (MET). The rice bran oil group failed to produce thermoresponsive characteristics. The physicochemical characterizations such as droplet size, zetapotential, conductivity, viscosity, and gelation temperature of selected microemulsions and microemulsion based thermogelling systems were …

New Evidence For P-Gp-Mediated Export Of Amyloid-Β Peptides In Molecular, Blood-Brain Barrier And Neuronal Models, Amanda B. Chai, Anika M. S. Hartz, Xuexin Gao, Alryel Yang, Richard Callaghan, Ingrid C. Gelissen

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Defective clearance mechanisms lead to the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in the Alzheimer’s brain. Though predominantly generated in neurons, little is known about how these hydrophobic, aggregation-prone, and tightly membrane-associated peptides exit into the extracellular space where they deposit and propagate neurotoxicity. The ability for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, to export Aβ across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has previously been reported. However, controversies surrounding the P-gp–Aβ interaction persist. Here, molecular data affirm that both Aβ₄₀ and Aβ₄₂ peptide isoforms directly interact with and are substrates of P-gp. This was reinforced ex vivo by the …

An Examination Of A Proposed Rule: Removal Of Sirva From The Vaccine Injury Table, Derrica N. Jackson

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Vaccines are one of the greatest modern medical inventions. Even though vaccines have saved lives, however, no medical product is proven to be completely safe. Vaccines can have rare and sometimes deadly reactions. To address such occurrences, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) hosts a program that reviews petitions for compensation of injuries caused by vaccination. The program is called the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP). The VICP was established in 1986 to reduce the number of product liability lawsuits against vaccine manufacturers that threatened to increase the cost of vaccines and lower life-saving vaccine administration …

Effect Of Histone H4 Tail On Nucleosome Stability And Internucleosomal Interactions, Tommy Stormberg, Sridhar Vemulapalli, Shaun Filliaux, Yuri L. Lyubchenko

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Chromatin structure is dictated by nucleosome assembly and internucleosomal interactions. The tight wrapping of nucleosomes inhibits gene expression, but modifications to histone tails modulate chromatin structure, allowing for proper genetic function. The histone H4 tail is thought to play a large role in regulating chromatin structure. Here we investigated the structure of nucleosomes assembled with a tail-truncated H4 histone using Atomic Force Microscopy. We assembled tail-truncated H4 nucleosomes on DNA templates allowing for the assembly of mononucleosomes or dinucleosomes. Mononucleosomes assembled on nonspecific DNA led to decreased DNA wrapping efficiency. This effect is less pronounced for nucleosomes assembled on positioning …

Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models For Phenotypic Screening In The Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses, Ahmed Morsy, Angelica V. Carmona, Paul C. Trippier

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Batten disease or neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of rare, fatal, inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders. Numerous genes (CLN1-CLN8, CLN10-CLN14) were identified in which mutations can lead to NCL; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains elusive. Despite this, the NCLs share some of the same features and symptoms but vary in respect to severity and onset of symptoms by age. Some common symptoms include the progressive loss of vision, mental and motor deterioration, epileptic seizures, premature death, and in the rare adult-onset, dementia. Currently, all forms of NCL are fatal, and no curative treatments are available. Induced pluripotent stem …

Understanding The Impact Of Solvents In Oral Solid Dosage Formulation And Process Development, Matthew Kyle Defrese

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The successful delivery of chemical compounds for the purpose of therapeutic treatments and prophylactics is a substantial undertaking in modern drug development. Notably, the adoption of high throughput screening techniques has led to the proliferation of poorly water soluble and/or highly potent molecules which further complicate development activities. Spray dried amorphous solid dispersions are an increasingly important formulation strategy to overcome solubility issues while wet granulation approaches are the method of choice for the preparation of highly potent APIs in oral solid dosage forms.

A common connection between these critical techniques is their reliance on solvent-based processing that can often …

Pharmacist Provision Of Contraception Services In Kentucky: Opinions And Policy Interventions, Dustin K. Miracle

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Unintended pregnancy continues to be a prevalent issue across the United States, impacting millions of women annually. While several states have enacted policies expanding pharmacist services to allow for provision of hormonal contraception, Kentucky has yet to do so. Likewise, although provision of nonprescription hormonal contraception could be authorized under Kentucky regulation, prior to this study, this had yet to be done. The objectives of this study were to 1) understand the opinions of Kentucky pharmacists and student pharmacists regarding provision of hormonal contraception services through a board-authorized protocol, 2) understand the opinions of Kentucky pharmacists and student pharmacists regarding …

Examining Childhood Outcomes In Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Kailyn Conner

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome have been rising over the past several years, alongside rising rates of opioid use disorder, propelled by the continuing Opioid Epidemic ravaging the country. Children born withdrawing from opioids they were exposed to in utero have known health complications through the first year of life that have been studied in the current literature. Less is known, however, about the outcomes these children face in childhood. As many of these children are progressing to childhood, there is an urgent need for healthcare system to prepare to handle the health needs of these children; outcomes related to …