Rhizoma Peanut Based Cropping Systems For Dairy Effluent Spray Fields,
2024
University of Florida
Rhizoma Peanut Based Cropping Systems For Dairy Effluent Spray Fields, E C. French, K R. Woodard, D A. Graetz, G M. Prine, H H. Van Horn
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cropping schemes that efficiently utilize nutrients applied in dairy waste effluent sprayfields is needed to avoid ground water contamination. Three 12 month cropping systems were grown under dairy waste effluent irrigation: 1) corn-forage sorghum-rye (C-FSR), 2) corn-rhizoma peanut-rye (C-RP-R), and 3) rhizoma peanutrye (RP-R). With an effluent N loading rate of 403 kg ha-1 yr-1, 2-yr mean DM yield was 30.7 Mg ha-1 yr-1 for the C-FS-R system, 26.2 for C-RP-R, and 17.9 for RP-R. Nitrogen concentration for C and FS ranged from 9 to 14 g kg-1 while RP ranged from 24 to 35. The higher N concentration in …
A Model To Determine The Optimum Forage Combination And Level Of Concentrate For Dairy Cows,
2024
INIA
A Model To Determine The Optimum Forage Combination And Level Of Concentrate For Dairy Cows, E Jahn, G Gutierrez, R Velasco, M Silva
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A model was developed to simulate a milk production system. The program determines the milk production based on energy nutrition, calving date, cow potential and defines grazing sequence and harvesting dates. It can simulate different stocking rates, paddock sizes, levels of production according to pasture quality, seasonal production and concentrate intake. The output of the model is used for an economical analysis which evaluates costs and returns; for some of the most sensitives factors that affect economic returns like prices of milk and concentrate, pasture production and others. The program makes an analysis of sensitivity where these factors are varied …
Yield Decrease Of Corn Sown Into Italian Ryegrass By Minimum Tillage,
2024
Kyushu National Agriculture Experiment Station
Yield Decrease Of Corn Sown Into Italian Ryegrass By Minimum Tillage, R Kobayaski, K Tateno, S Sato
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine the factor causing yield decrease of corn (Zea mays L.) sown into Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) by minimum tillage. 5 plots with 2 replications were made, consisting of the number of harvest times of Italian ryegrass, tillage system, and herbicide application. They were 1CT (Italian ryegrass was harvested once/conventional tillage), 1MT (once/minimum tillage), 1MTH (once/MT/herbicide), 2CT (twice/ CT), and 2MT (twice/MT). 1MT produced lowest corn yield and highest Italian ryegrass litter. This observation suggested that corn yield decrease was attributed to competition with Italian ryegrass regrowth. NAR in 1MT …
Small Grains In Cropping Systems To The Brazilian Southern Regions,
2024
EMBRAPA
Small Grains In Cropping Systems To The Brazilian Southern Regions, R S. Fontanelo, L De J.A Del Duca, R S. Fontaneli
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Winter cereals genotypes (oats, wheat, rye, barley, and triticale) were evaluated for forage and grain yield at the experimental area of the Wheat National Research Center (EMBRAPA/CNPT) and Agronomy College of the Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF/FA), in Passo Fundo, RS state, southern Brazil, during the years 1992-94. Three cutting frequencies were applied: no cutting, one and two cuttings. A completely random block design with split-plots and three replicates was used. The crops were established under conventional tillage. The fertilization was 200- 300 kg/ha 5-25-25 , plus 22.5-30.0 kg/ha of N (urea) during tiller period (before 45 days after planting …
Quantifying The Effect Of Grasses On Soil Physical Quality Of Fine Sandy Loams In Prince Edward Island,
2024
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Quantifying The Effect Of Grasses On Soil Physical Quality Of Fine Sandy Loams In Prince Edward Island, M R. Carter
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grasses are considered to be beneficial for soil structure but little quantifiable data is available. The objective of this study was to characterize the soil pore size distribution of a fine sandy loam under long-term perennial grass, compared to an adjacent cultivated area, in Prince Edward Island. Differentiating soil porosity into functional classes important to root growth, based on pore size, indicated that the soil structural form under timothy (Phleum pratense L.) was superior than that developed under continuous cultivation. Under timothy, the volume of soil pores > 9 mm were generally greater, over the 8 to 24 cm soil …
Annual Legumes In Small Grain Production Systems,
2024
Oregon State University
Annual Legumes In Small Grain Production Systems, R L. Dovel, M Bohle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Oats were interseeded with a number of annual legumes and monitored for forage production in 1994 and 1995. Forage was harvested when oat plants reached the soft dough stage. Subsamples were collected and analyzed for forage quality, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), and relative feed. Fall herbage production was also monitored. Interseeding an annual legume into oat hay did not increase forage yield. When averaged over two-years, only Austrian winter peas and Maple peas produced significantly higher CP levels than the non-interseeded control. Similarly, only Austrian winter peas produced significantly higher RFV and lower …
Extending The Grazing Season With Mixtures Of Spring-Planted Spring And Winter Cereals,
2024
Agriclture and AgriFood Canada
Extending The Grazing Season With Mixtures Of Spring-Planted Spring And Winter Cereals, V S. Baron, D F. Salmon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of the study was to extend the grazing season into the fall using crop-combinations of spring-planted spring and winter cereals. Treatments established at Lacombe, Alberta, Canada were spring oat (Avena sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) monocrops (SMC), spring-planted winter wheat (Tritcum aestivum L.) and winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) monocrops (WMC), spring and winter cereal binary mixtures seeded together in the spring (MX) and the winter cereal seeded after the first clipping of the spring cereal (double crop-DC). Clippings were carried out at 4 to 6 wk intervals after the initial cut (Boot …
Long Term Benefits Of Diversified Forage-Oriented Cropping Systems As Compared To Rotations Based Mainly On Cereals Or Maize,
2024
Swiss Federal Research Station for Agro-Ecology and Agriculture
Long Term Benefits Of Diversified Forage-Oriented Cropping Systems As Compared To Rotations Based Mainly On Cereals Or Maize, E Meister, V Mediavilla, P Weisskopf
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this study is to assess the long term effects of a forageoriented, versus a maize- and a cereal-oriented crop rotation on the yield potential and soil fertility, as well as the weed, disease and pest development. We report the results after four cropping cycles using silage maize (Zea mays L.) in 1994 and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 1995 as reference crops for all three rotations. Two years of a grass-clover mixture in a five-year rotation showed positive effects with respect to most soil and plant parameters.
Rotational Cropping Introducing Tama Ryegrass Renge, (Astragalus Sinicus), Pumpkin (Cucurbita Moschata Var Tecnus) And Horse Bean (Vicia Faba) In Paddy Field,
2024
Kawase Grassland Research Institute
Rotational Cropping Introducing Tama Ryegrass Renge, (Astragalus Sinicus), Pumpkin (Cucurbita Moschata Var Tecnus) And Horse Bean (Vicia Faba) In Paddy Field, T I. Kawase
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The author was successful in introducing Tama Rye grass mixed with Renge by surface sowing just after the harvest of rice in paddy fields (in dried up condition). The grasses were cut 3-4 cm long, spread between young plants of rice after transplanting and the paddy field filled with water. Then the grasses covered well for depressing weed growth and contributed as green manures. The author was also successful in introducing grasses in rice fields and producing pumpkin or corn then horse beans in paddy fields after they dried up. This rotational cropping of grass -rice- corn or pumpkin and …
Multiple Uses Of Tropical Forage Legumes For Sustainable Farming In The Moist Savannas Of Africa,
2024
Universitat, Hohenheim
Multiple Uses Of Tropical Forage Legumes For Sustainable Farming In The Moist Savannas Of Africa, L Muhr, S A. Tarawali, M Peters, U Merkel, R Schultze-Kraft, D Berner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ensuring that farming in the moist savannas of Africa is maintained, despite increasing population pressure and agricultural demands, necessitates the sustainable integration of crop and livestock enterprises; a role that forage legumes can fulfill. The potential of eleven herbaceous and two shrubby species of forage legumes in an improved fallow or ley-farming system to provide dry season fodder and beneficial effects to a subsequent cereal crop were investigated. Fodder dry matter yields were highest for Stylosanthes guianensis (9.9 t/ha), Centrosema pubescens, and Aeschynomene histrix. Maize yield following S. guianensis was 138% higher than after natural fallow. Similar increases were …
Optimizing The Contribution Of Cowpea To Food And Fodder Production In Crop-Livestock Systems In West Africa, S A. Tarawali, B B. Singh, S Fernandez-Rivera, M Peters, J W. Smith, R Schultze-Kraft, H A. Ajeibe
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cowpea is important for the provision of both grain for food and fodder for livestock but there is often a trade-off between production of the two. To better understand influences on grain and fodder production, and how these may be utilized, research was conducted at 5 locations in west Africa using 12 cowpea varieties, with and without insecticide spray. Spraying had a dramatic effect on grain production, but less so for fodder, however there was an effect of spraying on fodder quality in terms of in sacco digestibility at Niamey. Accessions with the potential to produce grain and fodder with …
Corn Or Sorghum/ Italian Ryegrass Forage Rotation Under Different Cultivation Systems In High Rainfall Areas Of Spain,
2024
Servicio de Investigación y Mejora Agraria
Corn Or Sorghum/ Italian Ryegrass Forage Rotation Under Different Cultivation Systems In High Rainfall Areas Of Spain, M Rodriquez-Juli, I Bordegarai, G Besga, A Martinez, J Pineiro
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A field assay was established at three locations in northern Spain with the main objective of characterizing forage production and evaluating no-tillage methods as an alternative to the conventional labour practices. Three fields located in Guntìn (Galicia), Grado (Asturias) and Derio (Basque Country) were sown different rotations: Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) and Italian ryegrass-sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x sudangrass) under two different systems: conventional tillage (T) and no-tillage (NT). Italian ryegrass-corn rotation was more productive than the sorghum x sudangrass rotation in the three sites, with average forage yield varying from 17.8 …
Selection And Utilization Of Stylosanthes Guianesis, For Green Cover And Feed Meal Production In China,
2024
Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science
Selection And Utilization Of Stylosanthes Guianesis, For Green Cover And Feed Meal Production In China, Lin Guodao, P C. Kerridge
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study illustrates the value of acquiring, evaluating and making available wild legume germplasm for evaluation in different production systems. A tropical legume selected for use as a pasture legume in South America proved to have greater value as a component in feed meal in intensive production systems in China, where it can return USD 1,400 per hectare, than as a pasture plant.
Constraints To Production Of Annual Medic (Medicago Spp.) Pastures In Southern Australia,
2024
University of Adelaide
Constraints To Production Of Annual Medic (Medicago Spp.) Pastures In Southern Australia, M D. Denton, W D. Bellotti, C R. Hill, S P. Taylor
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A field experiment was used to determine the effects of the root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus neglectus) and phospate and zinc nutrition on the production of annual medic pastures. Elimination of nematodes (nematicide increased shoot and seed production significantly and zinc and nematicide in combination significantly reduced numbers of nematodes present in roots.
Agronomy Of Lathyrus Species In South Australia,
2024
University of Adelaide
Agronomy Of Lathyrus Species In South Australia, M S. Miyan, W D. Bellotti, P D. Carpenter
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Agronomic studies on Lathyrus sativus and L. cicera, promising forage and/or grain legumes, are presented. Time of seeding, seeding rate and grain recovery following grazing were investigated in preparation for the release of the first Australian commercial cultivars of Lathyrus. Clear optimal seeding rate, time of seeding, and guidelines for grazing have been identified. A seeding rate of 45-60 kg/ha and an early sowing time (June 6 in this experiment) were identified for maximum grain yield. Grain yield following grazing can be equal to ungrazed crops although sufficient time between grazing and flowering is required to ensure adequate grain yields. …
Tropical Corn For Silage In Multiple Cropping Systems,
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Tropical Corn For Silage In Multiple Cropping Systems, J C. Burns, D S. Fisher
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study compared the yield potential and inherent nutritive value and quality of tropical corn (Zea mays L.) with temperate corn and two forage sorghums [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] for use in multiple cropping systems. Tropical corn showed high dry matter yield potential (19.3 Mg ha-1) compared with a selected temperate corn (14.7 Mg ha-1) or with an intermediate (8.5 Mg ha-1) or taller growing forage-type sorghum (10.3 Mg ha-1). Neutral detergent fiber concentration (g kg-1) was lower for temperate corn (330) than for tropical (548) corn which had a concentration similar to the intermediate (497) and forage-type …
Common Toadflax (Linaria Vulgaris) A Persistent Weed In Alfalfa (Medicargo Sativa) Hay Fields,
2024
University of Alberta
Common Toadflax (Linaria Vulgaris) A Persistent Weed In Alfalfa (Medicargo Sativa) Hay Fields, J R. King, L Zaychuk
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The spread and persistence of common toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) when growing alone and in competition with alfalfa (Medicargo sativa) maintained as a hay crop in central Alberta Canada was monitored over a four year period. Competition from alfalfa reduced the rate of spread of the weed, and multiple harvests of the crop prevented toadflax seed set. The presence of the weed did not significantly affect the yield of alfalfa.
The Beneficial Effects Of Short-Term Rotation Systems Of Winter Forage Crops With Maize On Dry Farming Land Of Southwestern China,
2024
Sichuan Agricultural University
The Beneficial Effects Of Short-Term Rotation Systems Of Winter Forage Crops With Maize On Dry Farming Land Of Southwestern China, S R. Zhou, U Simon, K Mao
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to sift out the suitable and better short-term rotation systems of winter forage mixture with maize on dry farming land for the local farmers in Southwestern China. Four species of legume, Italian ryegrass and maize were used to organize six treatments for this experiment. The result showed that the three rotation systems of Astragalus sinicus (80%) + Lolium multiflorum (20%) ’ Zea mays, Medicago hisida (70%) + Lolium multiflorum (30%) ’ Zea mays and Vicia villosa (75%) + Lolium multiflorum (25%) ’ zea mays obtained good forage values (TDOM 4.06-4.36 t/ ha, CP 1.10-1.58 …
The Comparison Of Different Short-Term Rotation Systems Of Winter Forage Crops With Rice In Subtropical Plain Region Of Southwestern China,
2024
Technical University of Munich
The Comparison Of Different Short-Term Rotation Systems Of Winter Forage Crops With Rice In Subtropical Plain Region Of Southwestern China, U Simon, S R. Zhou, K Mao
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of growing winter forage crops in the present farming system with simple grain production only in subtropical plain region of southwestern China. The result showed that the four rotation systems i.e. Astragalus sinicus (70%) + Lolium multiflorum (30%) rice, Medicago hispida (75%) + Lolium multiflorum (25%) rice, Lolium multiflorum (20%) + Vicia villosa (80%) rice and Astragalus sinicus (80%) + Brassica napus (20%) rice obtained good forage values (TDOM 3.35-4.12 t/ha, CP 1.12-1.31 t/ha, ME 2.53-3.19 X 104 MJ/ha), at the same time, obtained better rice yields (DW 6.35-7.17 t/ha) …
Influence Of Fertilization And Utilization On Botanical Composition And Yield Of Selected Grass Mixtures,
2024
Institut für Grünlandwirtschaft und Futterbau der Justus-Liebig-Universität
Influence Of Fertilization And Utilization On Botanical Composition And Yield Of Selected Grass Mixtures, R Zarudzki, W Opitz Von Boberfeld, P Daniel, W Mikulski
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of fertilization and system of utilization on feeding value and usability for ensilage of selected grass mixtures, first with advantage of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), second with orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.), in simulating grazing land utilization (6-cuttings per year) and cutting utilization on hay or silage (3-cuttings per year). It was utilized for four years in using the full seeding method. Based on two grass mixtures and using different systems of utilization and different levels of fertilization was tried to define how to proceed with grassland reclamation …
