Use Of Supplements For Increasing Performances Of Suckling Martinik Ewes When Fed Tropical Forages,
2021
INRA, Antilles-Guyane
Use Of Supplements For Increasing Performances Of Suckling Martinik Ewes When Fed Tropical Forages, E. O. Jimenez, G. Alexandre, H. Archimède, P. Despois, M. Jean-Bart, C. Jacquet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Experiments have been carried out to determine the effects of supplementation upon milk production and growing performances with hair sheep Martinik ewes weighing 48 ± 4 kg liveweight (LW). In a first trial, 6 single bearing ewes (group GS) were offered individually a daily 0.5 kg of commercial pellets. They were compared to the control group (GN; 6 ewes) with no supplement during 10 weeks of lactation. Basal diet was chopped Digitaria decumbens grass ad libitum. In a second trial, level of supplementation was adapted to the ewes’ litter size: 6 twins bearing ewes (TW) and 6 single (SI). …
Performance Of Dairy Goats To Alfalfa Silage Based Diets Supplemented With Different Sources Of Carbohydrates,
2021
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Performance Of Dairy Goats To Alfalfa Silage Based Diets Supplemented With Different Sources Of Carbohydrates, J. L. Danelón, P. Allocati, M. Wawrzkiewicz, S. Bedogne, E. Ceballos, M. D’Alessio, L. Barletta, C. Colatto, D. Victoria
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lactating Saanen dairy goats fed alfalfa silage (AS) based diets in four 4x4 Latin Square designed experiment were studied for the effects of supplementation of three different type of carbohydrates (wheat grain, (W); sorghum grain, (SG) and dry citrus pulp, (DCP)) on milk yield, composition and chewing activities. Sixteen does (45± 10 DIM and 2.016 kg ± 0.48 4% FCM) housed indoors in individual pens in a four 4x4 experiment were fed four diets 1) AS (33.9%DM, 19.9%CP, 44.01%NDF); 2) ASW (52.4%DM, 19.8%CP, 33.7%NDF); 3) ASSG (50.9%DM, 17.9%CP, 37%NDF), 4) ASDCP (52.5%DM, 16.12%CP, 39.1%NDF) with forage-to-concentrate ratios of 100:0 or …
Integrating Pastures Into The Traditional Slash-And-Burn Cycle In Northeastern Pará, Brazil,
2021
University of Göttingen, Germany
Integrating Pastures Into The Traditional Slash-And-Burn Cycle In Northeastern Pará, Brazil, S. Hohnwald, B. Rischkowsky, R. Schultze-Kraft, J. M. King, A. P. Camarão
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A project to test possibilities to integrate pastures into the traditional slash-and-burn cycle of small farmers in the Bragantina region in northeastern Pará, Brazil, is presented. Whereas in practice the traditional grass-only pasture is managed separately from the crop/fallow cycle, two options for integration are tested: a Brachiaria humidicola pasture enriched with two bushy and one herbaceous legume, Cratylia argentea, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Arachis pintoi, and a B. humidicola pasture allowing a controlled regrowth of secondary vegetation ("Capoeira"). The regeneration performance of these pastures for a subsequent cropping period is compared with plots of undisturbed regrowth of Capoeira …
Mineral Concentration Of Herbage From Three Paulownia Species Used For Goat Browse,
2021
North Carolina State University
Mineral Concentration Of Herbage From Three Paulownia Species Used For Goat Browse, J-M. Luginbuhl, J. P. Mueller, B. A. Bergmann
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Goats naturally prefer a high proportion of browse in their diets. Therefore, research was initiated to investigate various silvo-pastoral production systems. In May 1997, six Paulownia treatments were planted in a randomized complete block experiment with six replications. Trees were between 6 and 12 cm in height at planting. Treatments included: P. fortunei seedlings, P. tomentosa seedlings, P. elongata seedlings, and three P. elongata clones. Each 4-m wide plot contained a single row of 12 trees with an intra-row spacing of 1 m. Leaf samples were analyzed from all six replications to determine mineral concentration in October 1997, and June …
Relationship Between Canopy Closure And Pasture Production In Deciduous Tree Based Temperate Silvopastoral Systems,
2021
Massey University, New Zealand
Relationship Between Canopy Closure And Pasture Production In Deciduous Tree Based Temperate Silvopastoral Systems, N. R. Devkota, A. J. Wall, Peter D. Kemp, J. Hodgson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Experiments were carried out in New Zealand with 11 year-old alder (Alnus chordata) on lowland pasture, and with 30+ year-old poplar (Populus spp) on hill pasture. Alder tree shade decreased (P< 0.001) tiller density and total herbage harvested, with the highest tiller density at the lowest shade level of 41% canopy closure (DifN 0.59). Net herbage accumulation (NHA) directly under a poplar canopy was 35% of the NHA of open pasture, but NHA in canopy gaps increased with gap size. These results suggested that keeping canopy closure percentage in the 40-50% range for a deciduous tree silvopastoral system, would maintain pasture production and tiller density at approximately two-thirds of that of unshaded pasture.
Annual Dry Matter And Nutrient Yields In A Dichanthium Sward With Or Without Gliricidia Shrubs,
2021
INRA, France
Annual Dry Matter And Nutrient Yields In A Dichanthium Sward With Or Without Gliricidia Shrubs, P. Cruz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of this work was to compare the annual biomass production and nutrient removal of a Dichanthium aristatum pasture with those of a pasture of the same species associated with a leguminous tree, Gliricidia sepium. Measurements were made over twelve months between April 1993 and April 1994. Sampling was done with the same defoliation frequency as an intensive cut-and-carry system: every 4 and 10 weeks for the grassland and tree layers respectively. There was no significant difference between the yield of the pure grass (21.6 ± 2.0 t ha-1) and that of the grass with trees …
Accumulation Of Mutated Maize Zeins In Transgenic Forage Legumes,
2021
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy
Accumulation Of Mutated Maize Zeins In Transgenic Forage Legumes, Sergio Arcioni, A. Alpini, M. Bellucci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Accumulation of zeins, the endosperm storage proteins of maize, in a heterologous plant expression system was attempted. Plants of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were transformed by Agrobacterium with binary vectors harboring genes that code for γ-zein and β-zein, two proteins rich in sulphur amino acids. Adding the ER retention signal KDEL to the C-terminal domain modified zein polypeptides. Our long-term goal was to improve birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa forage quality. Significant levels of γ- zein:KDEL and β-zein:KDEL were detected in primary transformants of birdsfoot trefoil. Moreover, alfalfa plants expressing γ-zein:KDEL in the …
Effect Of The Mixed Rates Of Endophyte-Free And -Infected Seed On The Dry Matter Yield And Forage Quality Of Tall Fescue,
2021
National Livestock Research Institute, South Korea
Effect Of The Mixed Rates Of Endophyte-Free And -Infected Seed On The Dry Matter Yield And Forage Quality Of Tall Fescue, J. K. Lee, S. H. Yoon, S. Seo, D. A. Kim, Y. W. Rim, G. J. Park, S. K. Lee
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the mixed rates of endophyte-free and infected seed on the dry matter yield and forage quality of tall fescue in Korea. In experiment, mixed ratios of endophyte-infected and -free seed were compared under the fourth cutting. Dry matter yield and forage quality of tall fescue were not influenced by mixed rates. The weed contents of botanical composition were slightly increased with high ratios of endophyte-free seed. The results demonstrated that endophyte-free tall fescue did not seem to be greatly weak under bad conditions.
Impact Of Management On Endophyte Free And Endophyte Infected Tall Fescue Cultivars In Ohio,
2021
The Ohio State University
Impact Of Management On Endophyte Free And Endophyte Infected Tall Fescue Cultivars In Ohio, C. D. Penrose, Reuben M. Sulc, J. S. Mccutcheon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ten cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, Schreb.) and one cultivar of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were part of a study to determine changes in endophyte levels of fescue under two different styles of forage management: intensive and extensive. Included in the study were two endophyte infected-cultivars of tall fescue to compare interactions with endophyte free and infected cultivars. After three years, the results demonstrate that under high levels of management and non-endophyte infected crops prior to seeding, introduction of the endophyte can be reduced or delayed. Under lower levels of management and a smother crop into …
Grazing Endophyte Infested Tall Fescue And Changes In Bovine Blood Components And Gain,
2021
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Grazing Endophyte Infested Tall Fescue And Changes In Bovine Blood Components And Gain, H. A. Fribourg, J. C. Waller, A. E. Schultze, B. W. Rohrbach, J. W. Oliver
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is utilized on more than 15 million ha of pasture in the eastern USA and over 80% of the plants in this area are infested with the endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum. Tall fescue toxicosis results from consumption of the infested (E+) grass host and is an important problem that causes considerable economic loss to producers. However, the agronomic attributes of tall fescue make it an attractive forage because of its ability to withstand cool temperatures, drought, poor soil conditions and intensive defoliation. There is need to understand mechanisms of animal physiology that are affected …
Phylogenetic Grouping By Pcr Analyses Of Sinorhizobium Meliloti Strains Isolated From Eutrophic Soil,
2021
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Phylogenetic Grouping By Pcr Analyses Of Sinorhizobium Meliloti Strains Isolated From Eutrophic Soil, W. S. Oliveira, P. P. A. Oliveira, C. M. Bellato, F. R. S. Duarte, S. M. Tsai
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study evaluated the ability of Sinorhizobium meliloti strains (SEMIA-116, SEMIA- 134 and SEMIA-135) to persist in eutrophic soils after three complete growing cycles of alfalfa. PCR fingerprinting using primers for the nifH, Eric, Rep, RP genes and P25 RAPD-PCR performed the phylogenetic grouping of the three commercial strains and 39 field isolates. These analyzes were sufficiently sensitive to discriminate and group the strains and isolate. Our preliminary studies were based upon Eric primers and RP01 RAPD-PCR.
Achievements And Perspectives In The Breeding Of Temperate Grasses And Legumes,
2021
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Achievements And Perspectives In The Breeding Of Temperate Grasses And Legumes, Kenneth H. Quesenberry, M. D. Casler
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This paper will focus on a historical perspective on cool season forage production, plant breeding methods for cool season forages, major cool season forage selection criteria, some examples of significant achievements, and a future perspective. Topics similar to ours have been discussed at recent previous meeting of this Congress (Humphreys, 1997; Van Wijk et al., 1993); however, we will strive to avoid “plowing the same ground twice”. In an attempt to prevent duplication of content with other sections of this Congress, only limited attention will be given to genetic resource acquisition and conservation. Additionally, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), one …
Achievements And Perspectives In The Breeding Of Tropical Grasses And Legumes,
2021
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Colombia
Achievements And Perspectives In The Breeding Of Tropical Grasses And Legumes, John W. Miles
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pasture and forage plant breeding is complicated by the perennial nature of the plants, the diversity of environments in which improved cultivars will be used, and the complex criteria of merit involved, criteria that necessarily include some measure of impact on the efficiency of animal production. While pasture plant breeding in the temperate zone is a demonstrably productive activity, the record of success for the tropical species -- "success" measured by release and adoption of bred cultivars -- is less convincing, in spite of four decades of activity in numerous public sector breeding programs and a large published literature. The …
Tropical Forage Genetic Resources -- Will Any Be Left For Future Generations?,
2021
Georg-August-University, Germany
Tropical Forage Genetic Resources -- Will Any Be Left For Future Generations?, B. L. Maass, B. C. Pengelly
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
After very active years of pasture and forage research at major institutes, interest in tropical forage genetic resources has drastically declined. Apparently, the early phases of collecting and evaluation were much more valued than conserving and keeping the germplasm available for future generations. Accumulated data are not easily accessible and, therefore, the knowledge of tropical forage genetic resources is progressively being lost. This worldwide decrease in activity and loss of knowledge is due to declining resources. It is suggested that a global database on tropical forage genetic resources should be established and also that finances be made available to at …
Competition Of 35 Cultivars Of Alfalfa At Sertãozinho-Sp,
2021
Instituto de Zootecnia, Brazil
Competition Of 35 Cultivars Of Alfalfa At Sertãozinho-Sp, Ana C. Ruggieri, A. Schmidek, A. R. P. Almeida, L. A. Figueiredo, Alda L. G. Monteiro, M. F. L. Muñoz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Thirty-five cultivars of alfalfa were evaluated at EE de Zootecnia in Sertãozinho,SP, Brazil. During four years, the plants were harvested to determine dry matter yield on total and individual cuts. A completely randomized block design with three replications was used, and data were analyzed by groups of origin and dormancy degree. There were significant differences (P< 0.05) among the cultivars regarding their dormancy degree, however no differences (P> 0.05) were observed regarding their origin. Cultivars with 8 and 9 dormancy degree showed better performance during the four year trial when compared to 7 degree, although some of the 9 degree cultivars resulted in low yield. The origin of cultivars did not influence …
Adaptability And Stability Of Alfalfa Cultivars,
2021
Instituto de Zootecnia, Brazil
Adaptability And Stability Of Alfalfa Cultivars, Ana C. Ruggieri, Alda L. G. Monteiro, R. Gualberto
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Yield adaptability and stability of thirty five alfalfa genotypes (Medicago sativa L.) were evaluated at Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil, considering different environments (seasons of year) from 1996 to 1999. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Scott-Knott’s test was performed to compare genotypes averages. Adaptability and stability were determined by Eberhart and Russell's procedures. Two diverse groups of genotypes with mean dry matter yield were identified: Araucana, F686, MH4 e BR2 were more responsive under favorable environments, but SW 8210, Alto, Monarca SP, Victoria SP, Florida 77, P5888, MH15, BR1, BR3, SW 9210A presented broad adaptability and …
The Use Of Rna Interference To Investigate The Role Of Zmpr10 In Salt Stress Response And Mtl/Nld/Zmpla1 In The Improvement Of Haploid Induction In Maize,
2021
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
The Use Of Rna Interference To Investigate The Role Of Zmpr10 In Salt Stress Response And Mtl/Nld/Zmpla1 In The Improvement Of Haploid Induction In Maize, Max Carl Miller
LSU Master's Theses
RNA interference (RNAi) is a useful tool in gene characterization and its use is expanding into more practical fields. Two RNAi techniques were used in this case. The studies conducted in the chapter two use transgenic maize lines containing an RNAi construct targeting ZmPR10 to characterize its potential role in growth and development in response to salinity stress. T1 transgenic plants from events A44S1-35-3 and A44S1-3-4, which had significantly reduced ZmPR10 expression compared to the non-transgenic controls, showed no differences compared to the controls in heights after 30 and 60 days, nor did the T2 transgenic from these …
Effect Of Concentrate Supplementation On Milk Yield Of Crossbred Holstein X Zebu Cows Grazing Elephantgrass,
2021
EMBRAPA, Brazil
Effect Of Concentrate Supplementation On Milk Yield Of Crossbred Holstein X Zebu Cows Grazing Elephantgrass, Fermino Deresz, Antonio Carlos Cóser, Rui Da Silva Verneque
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The study was carried out using 12 ha of Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) pasture, fertilized with 660 kg/ha/year of 20.05.20 formula, during the rainy season of 1999. It was used eight cows per treatment/site in a completely randomized block design. Blocks were based on milk yield and date of calving. Pasture was managed with 30 days of resting period using a stocking rate of five cows/ha. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of feeding concentrate for the first 60 (T60) or 120 days (T120) post-partum on milk yield, in relation to the control-group (T0), fed …
Supplementation Of Dairy Cows Under Alfalfa Grazing Conditions With Ground Corn,
2021
INTA, Argentina
Supplementation Of Dairy Cows Under Alfalfa Grazing Conditions With Ground Corn, A. R. Castillo, L. A. Romero, O. R. Quaino, E. A. Comeron, M. C. Gaggiotti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two trials were carried out during the Autumn of 1991 and 1992 to investigate the effects of corn supplementation on lactational performance of dairy cows under alfalfa grazing. Forty two multiparous Holstein cows with 30-60 days in milk were used in a randomized continuous design with covariance analysis. The treatments were 0.0, 3.5 and 7.0 kg.day-1 of corn grain supplementation (T1, T2 and T3 respectively) in 1991 and 0.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 kg.day-1 (T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively) in 1992. Six cows per treatment were used divided in 3 cows per grazing paddock. Dry matter (DM) …
Animal Production From Tree-Pasture Association Systems In Brazil,
2021
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Animal Production From Tree-Pasture Association Systems In Brazil, João C. Saibro
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Agroforestry systems (AFS) in general and silvipastoral systems (SPS) in particular, have been studied intensively in Brazil since the 1980’s. The majority of the research work has been conducted in the wet tropical Amazon region, in the semi-arid conditions of the Northeast, and under subtropical soil and climatic conditions in the Southeast or in the South. Research emphasis has been placed on interactions between the main components of AFS: tree, pasture, soil and microclimatic elements. Evaluation of animal performance in SPS generally has not been the main objective of experiments. A recent survey of research on SPS using Eucalyptus spp …
