Construction Of Microsatellite-Enriched Libraries For Tropical Forage Species And Characterization Of The Repetitive Sequences Found In Brachiaria Brizantha,
2023
Universidade Esdatual de Campinas, Brazil
Construction Of Microsatellite-Enriched Libraries For Tropical Forage Species And Characterization Of The Repetitive Sequences Found In Brachiaria Brizantha, Letícia Jungmann, C. B. Do Valle, P. R. Laborda, Rosangela M. S. Resende, Liana Jank, A. P. De Souza
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Brazilian cattle herd comprises 185 million animals fed with about 177 million hectares of native and cultivated pastures (IBGE, 2002). Of the grass species used for forage in Brazil, the African genus Brachiaria is the most widely planted, followed by Panicum, which also has an African origin. Legumes of the Stylosanthes genus, native to the South America, have emerged in the last few years as potential forage species for use with the grasses. These forage species have been bred at Embrapa Beef Cattle and the breeding programs have shown the need for more genetic information including the use …
Development Of Ssr Markers For Variety Identification In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum Lam.),
2023
Forage Crop Research Institute, Japan
Development Of Ssr Markers For Variety Identification In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum Lam.), M. Inoue, N. Yuyama, H. Cai
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Italian ryegrass (IRG, Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is one of the most important cool-season forage grasses in the world, and is the most widely cultivated annual forage grass in Japan. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have the advantages of being PCR-based, multiallelic and possessing high levels of polymorphism. They are very suitable for variety identification, especially for out-crossing species including IRG. The objective of this study was the development of SSR markers for variety identification in IRG.
Development Of A Microsatellite Library In Lolium Perenne,
2023
IGER, UK
Development Of A Microsatellite Library In Lolium Perenne, J. King, I. P. King, D. Thorogood, L. Roberts, K. Skøt, K. Elborough
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lolium perenne, as one of the most important forage grasses of temperate regions, combines a number of very useful characteristics, e.g., good seedling establishment, with a low resistance to drought and limited winter hardiness. Trait selection and introgression can be greatly enhanced by the use of molecular markers in a genetic linkage map. The aim of this project was the generation of a genomic microsatellite library which when combined with microsatellites developed from a Genethresher database would give good genome coverage coupled to high levels of marker polymorphism.
Isolation Of Ssr Markers From Zoysiagrass,
2023
Forage Crop Research Institute, Japan
Isolation Of Ssr Markers From Zoysiagrass, H. Cai, N. Yuyama, M. Inoue
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The genus Zoysia consists of 16 species that are naturally distributed on sea coasts and grasslands around the Pacific. In Japan, five species of natural zoysiagrasses have been identified from southern Hokkaido to the southwest islands. Of these, Z. japonica Steud. and Z. matrella Merr. have been utilized extensively as turf in Japan and other countries in East Asia. Linkage maps based on RFLP and AFLP markers have been reported in Zoysia (Yaneshita et al., 1999, Cai et al., 2004). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have the advantages of being PCR-based and multiallelic. They are highly polymorphic compared …
A Medicago Truncatula Population Segregating For Aluminum Tolerance,
2023
The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, USA
A Medicago Truncatula Population Segregating For Aluminum Tolerance, M. Sledge, B. Narasimhamoorthy, G. Jiang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Aluminium (Al) toxicity, manifested in inhibition of root elongation and reduced plant growth, is a major cause of poor crop yields on acid soils, which comprise up to 40% of the world’s arable land. Al toxicity associated with acid soils has been a major obstacle in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) production in the USA, as well as in tropical areas of the world. Recent molecular marker mapping studies indicate that the genomes of M. truncatula and M. sativa are highly similar (Choi et al., 2004). Thus, M. truncatula could be used as a source of genes that could …
Genetic Mapping In Tetraploid Alfalfa: Results And Prospects,
2023
Iowa State University
Genetic Mapping In Tetraploid Alfalfa: Results And Prospects, E. C. Brummer, J. G. Robins, B. Alarcón Zúñiga, D. Luth
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Among the difficulties of improving forages is their perennial nature, which necessarily requires long selection cycles to fully evaluate genotypes. Further, traits of particular importance—yield and winter hardiness—are difficult to assess on single plants, necessitating evaluation of progeny, which is both time consuming and expensive. Because of this, yield of many forages, and particularly alfalfa, has not improved substantially over the past 25 years (Riday and Brummer, 2002). Winter hardiness often has a negative correlation with autumn growth, although some evidence suggests this is not always true (Brummer et al., 2000). One way to overcome some of these limitations …
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.),
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), M. T. Abberton, N. O. I. Cogan, K. F. Smith, G. Kearney, A. H. Marshall, A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, C. Bowen, E. S. Jones, A. C. Vecchies, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Molecular marker-assisted plant breeding is a key target for the temperate legume pasture crop white clover (Trifolium repens L.). The first genetic linkage map of white clover has been constructed using self-fertile mutants to derive an intercross based fourth and fifth generation inbred parental genotypes (F2[I.4R x I.5J]). The framework map was constructed using simple sequence repeat (TRSSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eighteen linkage groups (LG) corresponding to the anticipated 16 chromosomes of white clover (2n = 4x = 32), with a total map length of 825 cM were derived from a total of …
A Glucanase Gene Cosegregates With A Qtl For Crown Rust Resistance In L. Perenne,
2023
Centre of Agricultural Research, Belgium
A Glucanase Gene Cosegregates With A Qtl For Crown Rust Resistance In L. Perenne, H. Muylle, J. Baert, E. Van Bockstaele, I. Roldán-Ruiz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An important disease in Lolium spp. is crown rust caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia coronata. In order to study the genetic background of crown rust resistance in L. perenne, a mapping study was carried out and is discussed below. To identify genomic regions or genes involved in resistance, STS markers are extremely useful. This candidate gene approach was applied in the present study.
Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content And Grass Tetany Potential In Leymus Wildryes,
2023
Utah State University
Qtl Analysis Of Mineral Content And Grass Tetany Potential In Leymus Wildryes, S. R. Larson, H. F. Mayland
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass tetany is a metabolic ailment in ruminants, occurring when animals graze rapidly growing C3 grasses with a K/(Mg+Ca) ratio (KRAT) greater than 2.2. High KRAT values have been documented in several forage grasses including diploid Russian wildrye (Jefferson et al., 2001). The objective of this experiment was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling KRAT in allotetraploid wildryes.
Crown Rust Resistance Of Italian Ryegrass Cultivar ‘Axis’ To An Isolate From Japan,
2023
National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan
Crown Rust Resistance Of Italian Ryegrass Cultivar ‘Axis’ To An Isolate From Japan, T. Kiyoshi, M. Hirata, T. Takamizo, H. Sato, Y. Mano, M. Fujimori
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Crown rust (Puccinia coronata) is one the most serious diseases of Italian ryegrass. Crown rust resistance genes in Italian ryegrass have been identified from 'Yamaiku130' and ‘Harukaze’. The aim of this study was to identify novel major resistance genes for gene pyramiding in order to develop cultivars with high levels of durable resistance to crown rust
Locating, And Utilising Festuca Pratensis Genes For Winter Hardiness For The Future Development Of More Persistent High Quality Lolium Cultivars,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Locating, And Utilising Festuca Pratensis Genes For Winter Hardiness For The Future Development Of More Persistent High Quality Lolium Cultivars, M. W. Humphreys, D. Gasior, A. Kosmala, O. A. Rognli, Z. Zwierzykowski, M. Rapacz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Genes for freezing-tolerance and winter hardiness were located in Festuca pratensis by QTL analysis and introgression-mapping. QTL for freezing-tolerance on F. pratensis chromosome 4 were orthologous to rice chromosome 3, and Triticeae chromosome 5. Increased energy dissipation during the autumn through a lower maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) was correlated with improved winter survival. Freezing tolerance in Lolium was achieved by the transfer and subsequent expression of F. pratensis genes from chromosome 4 that govern the expression of a non-photochemical (NPQ) mechanism for the dissipation of excess light energy under low temperature.
Qtl Analysis Of Vernalisation Requirement And Heading Traits In Festuca Pratensis Huds.,
2023
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Qtl Analysis Of Vernalisation Requirement And Heading Traits In Festuca Pratensis Huds., Å Ergon, C. Fang, Ø. Jørgensen, T. S. Amalid, O. A. Rognli
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The transition from the vegetative phase to the reproductive phase occurs as a result of environmental and endogenous stimuli. In Festuca pratensis, low temperature and/or short days over a certain period (primary induction) followed by long days (secondary induction) will lead to heading and flowering (Heide, 1988). We present results from QTL mapping of vernalisation requirement and heading traits and mapping of the Vrn-1 ortholog in F. pratensis.
Consistency Of Qtl For Dollar Spot Resistance Between Greenhouse And Field Inoculations, Multiple Locations, And Different Population Sizes In Creeping Bentgrass,
2023
University of Wisconsin
Consistency Of Qtl For Dollar Spot Resistance Between Greenhouse And Field Inoculations, Multiple Locations, And Different Population Sizes In Creeping Bentgrass, N. Chakraborty, J. Bae, J. Curley, S. Warnke, M. Casler, S. Bughrara, G. Jung
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F. T. Bennett is the most economically important turf disease in North America. Previous work indicated differences among cultivars in their susceptibility to dollar spot (Bonos et al., 2003). Studies have indicated that dollar spot resistance might be quantitatively inherited (Bonos et al., 2003) but the number, location and effect of genomic regions conferring resistance is still not known. Therefore the objective of this research is to understand the effect of population size, inoculation assays, and field locations on QTL for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass.
Structural And Functional Genomic Research In Model Legume Plants: The National Bioresource Project (Nbrp) In Japan,
2023
University of Miyazaki, Japan
Structural And Functional Genomic Research In Model Legume Plants: The National Bioresource Project (Nbrp) In Japan, S. Tsuruta, M. Hashiguchi, Ryo Akashi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lotus japonicus is a wild perennial plant with a small genome and a short life cycle. This plant is expected to play a role as the model organism of leguminous plants, which include important crop plants such as soybean (Glycine max). Legume Base, a resource centre for Lotus japonicus and Glycine max, was established in April 2004. The scope of Legume Base is the collection, development and conservation of the genetic resources of L. japonicus and G. max and the distribution of the material for utilization by the research community. DNA resources including genomic DNA clones will …
Detecting Fauna Habitat In Semi-Arid Grasslands Using Satellite Imagery,
2023
Charles Sturt University, Australia
Detecting Fauna Habitat In Semi-Arid Grasslands Using Satellite Imagery, N. A. Bruce, Ian D. Lunt, M. Abuzar, M. Mitchell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Managing grasslands for biodiversity conservation is a relatively recent phenomenon and there is uncertainty over the most effective strategy. Past research has found that intermediate levels of disturbance (e.g. burning or grazing) may be required to maintain the natural mosaic of small-scale patterning required for a diverse range of flora and fauna species. For sustainable grassland management, appropriate methods of spatial assessment and temporal monitoring are required, to facilitate understanding of how past and present climate, land management and landscape features influence vegetation structure. Due to the expense and time-consuming nature of conventional ground-based monitoring, satellite remote-sensing techniques offer a …
The Milk Yield By Cinisara Cows In Different Management Systems: 2. Effect Of Season Of Production,
2023
Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
The Milk Yield By Cinisara Cows In Different Management Systems: 2. Effect Of Season Of Production, M. Alabiso, C. Giosuè, M. L. Alicata, G. Parrino
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cinisara is a Sicilian autochthonous breed of dairy cow. Qualitative characteristics of milk yield are influenced by composition of pasture and its changes over the seasons (Di Grigoli et al., 2000). The grazing resource is characterized by notable variability, even in adjacent areas, because of different environmental conditions, such as aspect, the nature of soil and altitude. The aim of this research is to study the effect of season of production on qualitative characteristics of Cinisara cow milk in farms located at different altitudes.
A New Perennial Legume To Combat Dryland Salinity In South-Western Australia,
2023
The University of Western Australia
A New Perennial Legume To Combat Dryland Salinity In South-Western Australia, L. W. Bell, M. A. Ewing, M. Ryan, S. J. Bennett, G. A. Moore
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dryland salinity has devastated large tracts of productive land in Australia. This has resulted from the clearing of native perennial vegetation and its replacement with annual crops and pastures. As annual plants are shallow rooted and only use water during their winter-spring growing season, unutilised rainwater leaks into groundwater tables which rise and bring stored salt to the soil surface. The adoption of deep rooted perennial pasture plants that increase the water use can help to manage dryland salinity whilst maintaining productivity. However, new plants are needed as few perennial pasture options currently exist. Preliminary research into the potential of …
Heterogeneous Nutrient Distribution Across Dairy Grazing Systems In Southeastern Australia,
2023
Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia
Heterogeneous Nutrient Distribution Across Dairy Grazing Systems In Southeastern Australia, C. J. P. Gourley, I. Awty, P. A. Durling, J. Collins, A. Melland, S. R. Aarons
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Australian dairy industry is largely based on a grazed pasture system, although most cows also consume substantial amounts of imported feed (Fulkerson & Doyle 2001). This trend is expected to increase as the Australian dairy industry continues to intensify. Fertiliser inputs of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S) are still viewed as necessary to maintain adequate pasture and milk production despite the fact that most dairy farms are in net positive balance for all of these nutrients (Reuter 2001). Nutrient losses from dairy farming regions and eutrophication of waterways has gained strong public and political attention …
An Evaluation Of Grazing Value Of Maize And Companion Crops For Wintering Lactating Ewes,
2023
Dundee Research Station, South Africa
An Evaluation Of Grazing Value Of Maize And Companion Crops For Wintering Lactating Ewes, E. A. Van Zyl, C. S. Dannhauser
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Northwestern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), in South Africa, is well known for its sheep production from natural rangeland in summer (October to May). During winter, however, the nutritional value of the rangeland cannot maintain young growing sheep or pregnant and lactating ewes. With this in mind, Lyle (1991) suggested the use of planted pastures for the winter. Crichton et al. (1998) and Esterhuizen & Niemand (1989) suggested the use of maize crop residues for both cattle and sheep during winter, whereas Moore (1997) evaluated grazing (not harvested) maize for this purpose. He found that the crude protein content of the crop was …
Rainfall And Grazing Impacts On The Population Dynamics Of Bothriochloa Ewartiana In Tropical Australia,
2023
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia
Rainfall And Grazing Impacts On The Population Dynamics Of Bothriochloa Ewartiana In Tropical Australia, D. M. Orr, Peter J. O'Reagain
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bothriochloa ewartiana (desert bluegrass) is a palatable, native perennial (C4) grass of considerable importance to the northern Australian grazing industry. However, little is known of the interaction between grazing pressure and the highly variable rainfall found in this area, on its population dynamics. This paper reports interim results (1998-2004) from a long-term study, in which its population dynamics were examined under 3 grazing strategies.
