Farmer-Directed On-Farm Experimentation Examining The Impact Of Companion Planting Barley And Oats On Timothy-Lucerne Forage Establishment In Central Newfoundland,
2023
University of Alberta, Canada
Farmer-Directed On-Farm Experimentation Examining The Impact Of Companion Planting Barley And Oats On Timothy-Lucerne Forage Establishment In Central Newfoundland, D. Spaner, A. G. Todd
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Growing barley or oats in the year of forage establishment is a common agronomic practice in marginal growing regions, but is often not recommended to growers in Newfoundland. Spaner & Todd (2003) reported that barley seeded at rates of 100-150 kg seed/ha and undersown with a timothy-clover mixture (harvested at mid-milk) resulted in the planting year in greater forage yield of poorer quality than pure-stand timothy-clover. A barley seeding rate of 100 kg seed/ha did not impede forage production in the subsequent year.
Use Of Forage Legumes To Restore Overgrazed Natural Grasslands In Uganda,
2023
Makerere University, Uganda
Use Of Forage Legumes To Restore Overgrazed Natural Grasslands In Uganda, Elly N. Sabiiti, S. Mugasi, F. B. Bareeba
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The natural grasslands of Uganda support over 95 % of the country's livestock. They are also used by wildlife and protect soil resources from heat and erosion. Unfortunately, the pastoral/agro-pastoral communities which derive their livelihoods from these grasslands have in turn degraded them through overgrazing and uncontrolled burning, thus lowering their productivity (pasture and animal production) and biodiversity. The natural grasses (e.g. Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, Setaria anceps, Themeda triandra) mature rapidly and lose quality. Furthermore, the indigenous legumes (e.g. Neonotonia wightii, Desmodium adcsendens, Indigofera errecta) are less persistent and productive to maintain feed quality and hence animal …
Carbon Sequestration In Desertified Rangelands Of Hossein-Abad, Iran: A Participatory Approach,
2023
Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Management Organization, Iran
Carbon Sequestration In Desertified Rangelands Of Hossein-Abad, Iran: A Participatory Approach, F. Amiraslani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Hossein-abad (H.A) area is located in Southern Khorasan Province of Iran and covers some 148,000 ha. This is one of the poorest regions in the country and has a large area of degraded rangelands. Following a request from local people and in line with national and global goals, a carbon sequestration initiative has been funded by I.R.Iran and GEF(Global Environmental Facility) from April 2003. The objective is to promote and model carbon sequestration through developing range species in cooperation with local people and using a participatory approach. The immediate target beneficiaries are the people living in the project area …
Herders And Wetland Degradation In Northern Cameroon,
2023
University of Dschang, Cameroon
Herders And Wetland Degradation In Northern Cameroon, E. Tedonkeng Pamo, F. Tendonkeng, J. R. Kana
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Livestock rearing in Northern Cameroon is carried out under two majors systems: the nomadic and the transhumance production systems (Pamo & Pamo, 1991). Nomadism is the practice of wandering from place to place, while transhumance involves seasonal displacement of flocks from one area to another by herders. These production systems involved large grazing areas, which may encompass different ecosystems. The Yaére, the only wetland of the northern Cameroon, is the major dry season grazing lands for livestock and wildlife. The main characteristic of this wetland is that the whole area is excluded from grazing during the growing season as a …
Grazing Prohibition Programme And Sustainable Development Of Grassland In China,
2023
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Grazing Prohibition Programme And Sustainable Development Of Grassland In China, X. Y. Hou, L. Yang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Prohibition of grazing is now the main grassland management measure in China. From 1999, prohibition of grazing has been implemented on a trial basis in some areas. From 2001, the grazing prohibition programme (GPP) has been carried out in five provinces (Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Jilin and Yunnan) and two autonomous regions (Inner Mongolia and Ningxia), with the objective of protecting and restoring grassland by seasonal or yearly banning of grazing with subsidiary assistances. The area within which grazing was prohibited of 2.93×107 ha in 2001 was increased to over 3.33×107 ha in 2004. With a view to improving …
Degraded Rangeland: Can The Balance Be Restored In The Absence Of Satisfactory Range Management Practices?,
2023
Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa
Degraded Rangeland: Can The Balance Be Restored In The Absence Of Satisfactory Range Management Practices?, F. J. Mitchell, R. G. Bennett, B. D. Forbes, R. N. Reynolds
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The rangelands of KwaZulu-Natal play a fundamental role in the wealth and security of communal populations who are dependent on these forage-producing lands for their livelihoods. In most communal areas of the Province, there is an absence of satisfactory range management practices and the utilization of resources is generally non-sustainable. A major threat to the productivity of rangeland is inappropriate land use, such as overgrazing and incorrect burning practices, leading to extensive degradation of both the vegetative and soil components. Range vegetation and soil reserves show vastly reduced productivity. Degradation also results in increased susceptibility to erosion, loss of vegetative …
Contribution Of Grasses To Soil Fertility And Improved Livelihoods,
2023
Capital Research Center, Nepal
Contribution Of Grasses To Soil Fertility And Improved Livelihoods, G. P. Ojha, B. K. Dhital
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Vegetable farming is increasing in Nepal as it provides better economic returns than growing other crops, especially in areas that have easy access to markets. Vegetable farming demands intensive care and balanced supplies of nutrients. Therefore, farmers cultivate vegetables near their residence and because vegetable growing is more profitable, farmers allocate more resources, including organic manure, for its cultivation. In general, using more organic manure on vegetables means that less organic manure is available for non-vegetable crops and farms, unless alternative arrangements are made for producing more organic manure or manure of higher quality.
Transhumance In Protected Areas In Benin,
2023
University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin
Transhumance In Protected Areas In Benin, E. A. Sogbohossou, Marcel Houinato, C. Tamou, K. Sounkere, Brice Sinsin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Every year, protected areas and regions in West Africa receive transhumant herds. This movement of herds from the dry zone (the Sahelian region) to more humid costal zones is a tradition for the Fulani people. In general, protected areas in West Africa are located at the border of the Sahelian zones through which most transhumants must pass. This periodic movement has an impact on natural resources and the people in the reception zones, especially around and in the protected areas. The objectives of the study were to define and describe the type of transhumant cattle breeding systems around these protected …
Sustaining The Multi-Functionality Of The Zamfara Reserve In Semi-Arid Nigeria: What Is The Role Of Co-Management?,
2023
Usman Danfodiyo University, Nigeria
Sustaining The Multi-Functionality Of The Zamfara Reserve In Semi-Arid Nigeria: What Is The Role Of Co-Management?, B. F. Umar
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Unhealthy competition and conflicts among the diverse users (herders, farmers, fishermen, etc.) of the natural resources (pasture, water, land, etc.) in the Zamfara reserve, Nigeria have undermined the reserve's capacity to serve its intended multi-functional roles. The reserve (3, 650 km2), which was established in 1919 with 4 enclave villages where farmers live and cultivate crops, was meant also to provide pasture and water for Fulani herdsmen. Vast numbers of people are, however, becoming landless or near landless in the reserve. Powerful non-local actors are forcing their way into the reserve area and are extracting resources with no respect to …
Land Subdivision, Heterogeneity, And Declining Food Security For African Pastoralists,
2023
Colorado State University
Land Subdivision, Heterogeneity, And Declining Food Security For African Pastoralists, R. B. Boone
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pastoral livestock inhabit landscapes that are spatially heterogeneous and have forage patches that pulse in their value to animals. Mobile pastoralists have evolved movement patterns to maximize use of these ephemeral food sources. In pastoral communities across Africa, changes in land tenure policy and socioeconomic pressures have caused pastoralists to decrease their mobility. Pastoralists recognize that shrinking access to land reduces their options to find forage, and theory suggests that the capacity of land to support herbivores decreases as a power of the square root of area accessible. We used ecosystem modelling in South Africa and Kenya to quantify declines …
Factors Related To Marketing Successes For Fibre Producers In Middle Asia,
2023
Colorado State University
Factors Related To Marketing Successes For Fibre Producers In Middle Asia, R. B. Boone, K. A. Galvin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, the economic well-being of livestock producers of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan declined dramatically (see Kerven 2003; Kerven et al., 2003). Like the economies in general, the livestock economies are slowly recovering and restructuring. Livestock producers have been encouraged by international market prices to raise sheep, goats, camels, and animals producing specialty fibre. Fine-fibre sheep and goats remain in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, but marketing of fibres from the region is not ideal. As examples, sheep pelts are not sorted and graded, which is expected by international buyers, and cashmere is …
Task Force Development To Provide Education And Leadership To The Meat Goat Industry,
2023
Ohio State University Extension
Task Force Development To Provide Education And Leadership To The Meat Goat Industry, Jeffrey C. Fisher, L. A. Nye, D. A. Mangione
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Chevon is the most frequently consumed meat in the world. Meat goat production is increasing because of the economic value of goats as efficient converters of low-quality forages into quality meat, milk, and hide products for specialty markets of health conscious, ethnic, and faith based consumers. Estimates of national marketing indicate that U.S. meat goat production is nearly 500,000 head less than demand. Where resources are limited, meat goats can be raised efficiently and profitably on small farms, so the country could become self-sufficient in meat goats.
Cashmere Marketing Is A New Income Source For Central Asian Livestock Farmers,
2023
The Macaulay Institute, UK
Cashmere Marketing Is A New Income Source For Central Asian Livestock Farmers, R. H. Behnke, C. Kerven, S. Aryngaziev, N. Malmakov, H. Redden, A. Smailov, K. A. Galvin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Some indigenous goats in the Central Asian republics of Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan produce good quality cashmere (Millar 1986). International processors have recently been buying this cashmere. (Kerven et al., 2005), but Central Asian producers are not equipped to take full advantage of these new marketing opportunities. The U.S. AID Global Livestock-Collaborative Research Support Program project, "Developing Institutions and capacity for sheep and fiber marketing in Central Asia" is working to increase the income of small-scale livestock farmers through improved cashmere marketing.
Production Strategies Of Livestock Herders In The Grasslands Of Kazakhstan: Implications For The Marketing Of Fine Fibres,
2023
Colorado State University
Production Strategies Of Livestock Herders In The Grasslands Of Kazakhstan: Implications For The Marketing Of Fine Fibres, Kathleen A. Galvin, C. Kerven, R. B. Boone, A. Smailov
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Goat populations have been rising in Kazakhstan over the past ten years since independence and goats are preferred by farmers trying to restock. Quality of cashmere production is the key to profitable and sustainable sales to world markets for this luxury good. However, Kazakhstan did not develop a cashmere industry in the Soviet period so today goats are sheared rather than combed and little profit is made from cashmere. Goats, as well as sheep and camels are currently multi-purpose animals providing income from sales of animals, cashmere, milk and meat. This will change as the terms of trade change for …
Adding Value To Grasslands Through Certified Organic Beef Production,
2023
INIA, Uruguay
Adding Value To Grasslands Through Certified Organic Beef Production, G. Ferreira, F. Pittaluga, C. Mas, S. Revello, R. Tellería
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
New demands are being made for safe beef from low input production systems (low input of energy, pesticides, other chemically synthesised products and hormones and GM free) by the main retailers and consumers (Howard, 2004). These present an opportunity for adding value to grazing production systems and to reinforce relationships among farmers, agro-industrialists, exporters and consumers and to show advantages of positive externalities of grasslands (Meister, 2001).
Alternative Land Use Options For Philippine Grasslands: A Bioeconomic Modeling Approach Using The Wanulcas Model,
2023
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
Alternative Land Use Options For Philippine Grasslands: A Bioeconomic Modeling Approach Using The Wanulcas Model, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, P. A. B. Ani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the Philippines, pure grasslands occupy 1.8 million ha and another 10.8 million ha (33% of the country's total land area) is under extensive cultivation mixed with grasslands and scrub. Most of these grasslands are under-utilised and dominated by Imperata cylindrica. Imperata grasslands generally represent areas of degraded soils that are acidic, low in organic matter and susceptible to erosion. However, conversion of these grassland areas into upland farms planted to annual crops and perennial trees is proliferating at a fast rate. This is triggered by the interacting factors of rapidly increasing population, the system of landholding, scarcity of …
Are New Farming Systems Based On Perennial Pastures In South West Australia More Profitable?,
2023
Department of Agriculture, Australia
Are New Farming Systems Based On Perennial Pastures In South West Australia More Profitable?, Paul Sanford, J. Young
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Traditional farming systems in south west Australia based on annual plants have been shown to use insufficient water leading to excess leakage below the root zone, groundwater rise and eventually salinisation of the landscape. Introduction of deep-rooted summer active perennial plants can significantly increase water-use thus reducing the risk of salinisation. However the adoption of perennials by farmers is also dependent on their effect on economic factors. This paper reports an analysis of the impact of perennials on whole farm profit.
Lucerne Production And Economics On Stakeholder Ranches On Coastal Plain Acid Soils,
2023
Texas A&M University
Lucerne Production And Economics On Stakeholder Ranches On Coastal Plain Acid Soils, V. A. Haby, A. T. Leonard, G. M. Clary, F. M. Rouquette Jr., L. A. Redmon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Research using small plots determined factors restricting lucerne (Medicago sativa) production on Coastal Plain soils of the southern USA. These acid soils, primarily Ultisols and Alfisols, become deficient in B when limed to pH 6.8 or 7.0 for lucerne. Other production-limiting soil problems include poor drainage and aeration, subsoil acidity, and low natural fertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate stand longevity on hectare-size stakeholder fields when growth-limiting factors were eliminated by site selection and soil treatment.
Economic Efficiency Of The Production In Dairy Sheep Breeding,
2023
Institute of Forage Crops, Bulgaria
Economic Efficiency Of The Production In Dairy Sheep Breeding, M. V. Stoykova
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bulgaria is a country of rich grassland and forage resources and has a long tradition in sheep breeding. In spite of these conditions, the economic efficiency of milk production by sheep is low (Panayotov & Kostadinova, 1999). The objective of the study was to determine the real economic efficiency of production at twelve Bulgarian dairy farms.
A Study Of Labour Use On Irish Grassland Farms Specialising In Suckler Production,
2023
Teagasc, Ireland
A Study Of Labour Use On Irish Grassland Farms Specialising In Suckler Production, H. Leahy, E. G. O'Riordan, D. J. Ruane
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Important structural changes have taken place within the agricultural workforce in recent years. There has been a persistent decline in the proportion of the total workforce engaged in agriculture. Demand for labour by farmers has become a major issue, and if this shortage continues it will have a significant impact on the development of Irish farms in future (Ruane et al., 2001).
