Nitrogen Response Of Spring And Winter Wheat To Biosolids Compared To Chemical Fertiliser,
2023
Teagasc, Ireland
Nitrogen Response Of Spring And Winter Wheat To Biosolids Compared To Chemical Fertiliser, W. Kato, O. T. Carton, D. Mcgrath, H. Tunney, W. E. Murphy, P. O'Toole
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Irish sewage sludge production was over 30,000 t/year in the 1990s (EPA, Ireland, 2003). Application to agricultural land is a management option for this organic material as it results in the recycling of the nutrients they contain for crop production. The EU Directive (91/271/EEC) encourages the recycling of sewage sludge as biosolids to agriculture. However, up to 1999, only about 5 % of biosolids produced was applied to agricultural land. In this study, several biosolids and a chemical fertiliser were used to assess N availability for spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in a pot experiment.
Nitrogen Balance And Soil Nitrates In Suckler Cow Pastures Fertilised With Mineral Fertiliser, Pig Slurry Or Cattle Compost,
2023
University of Liège, Belgium
Nitrogen Balance And Soil Nitrates In Suckler Cow Pastures Fertilised With Mineral Fertiliser, Pig Slurry Or Cattle Compost, Isabelle Dufrasne, J. F. Cabaraux, L. Istasse, J. L. Hornick
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A code of good practice was established by each European member state according to the EU Nitrate Directive. In Belgium, the nitrogen (N) inputs on pastures from slurry or compost are limited to 210 kg N/ha. Bigger quantities can be applied if the farmer follows a programme of additional measurements, including soil nitrate (NO3) analysis. This investigation aimed to measure animal performance, N balance and soil NO3 in pastures fertilised with mineral N, pig slurry or cattle compost, the pastures being grazed by Belgian Blue cows and their calves.
Reducing Soil Phosphorus Buildup From Animal Manure Application,
2023
Texas A&M University
Reducing Soil Phosphorus Buildup From Animal Manure Application, G. W. Evers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Animal manure is an excellent plant nutrient source for pastures but increasing soil P level over time is a major environmental problem (Sims et al., 1998). The increase in residual soil P is due to the difference in N-P ratio in the manure and forage crop requirements (Robinson, 1996). All the N in animal manure is normally utilised but only from 20 to 40% of the P is taken up. With moderate rates of manure application, nitrogen becomes the limiting nutrient for grasses. The objective of this study was to see if combining commercial N fertiliser with broiler litter …
Effects Of Nitrogen Fertiliser On Nitrate Leaching And Production Of Autumn-Sown Italian Ryegrass In A Double-Cropping System On A New Zealand Dairy Farm,
2023
Dexcel Ltd., New Zealand
Effects Of Nitrogen Fertiliser On Nitrate Leaching And Production Of Autumn-Sown Italian Ryegrass In A Double-Cropping System On A New Zealand Dairy Farm, Errol R. Thom, A. A. Judge, R. N. Jensen, M. S. Sprosen, Sterwart F. Ledgard, W. D. Catto
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
On intensive dairy farms in New Zealand, winter Italian ryegrass crops are combined with summer maize silage crops in double-cropping systems. Limited data (Davies & Neilson, 1975) showed variable ryegrass yield responses to nitrogen (N) fertiliser when grown after maize. Nitrogen leaching losses were not measured in this experiment but Ledgard et al. (1988) showed that late autumn/early winter N applications are vulnerable to leaching. Different rates of N fertiliser were applied to Italian ryegrass grown after maize to assess yield responses and levels of nitrate leaching.
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Losses In Runoff On Beef Production Systems,
2023
National Institute for Agricultural Research, Chile
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Losses In Runoff On Beef Production Systems, Marta Alfaro, F. J. Salazar, N. G. Teuber, S. P. Iraira, L. A. Ramirez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In West Europe countries between 37 and 82% of the nitrogen (N) and between 27 and 38% of the phosphorus (P) reaching water sources come from agriculture and a strong correlation between the number of animals per area unit and N and P contribution to waters has been shown (Issermann, 1990). There are few data about the environmental impact of beef production systems in Southern Chile. The objective of this experiment was to quantify N and P losses in runoff (surface and subsurface) with two different stocking rates in Southern Chile.
Effect Of Long-Term Nutrient Management Strategies For Pastures On Phosphorus In Surface Runoff And Soil Quality,
2023
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Effect Of Long-Term Nutrient Management Strategies For Pastures On Phosphorus In Surface Runoff And Soil Quality, G. L. Mullins, J. P. Fontenot, G. A. Alloush, G. Johnson, D. G. Boyer, V. G. Allen, G. Scaglia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Manure, whether mechanically applied or deposited by grazing animals, has been associated with increased risk of non-point source pollution, especially phosphorus. This is especially true in areas where the industry, especially poultry, has been concentrated in geographical areas that are grain deficient, resulting in a reliance on imported grain for poultry feed. Intensification has resulted in the production of large quantities of poultry manure, within relatively small geographical areas. Surplus litter is typically land applied as a nutrient source or used as an animal feed. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of long-term nutrient management strategies …
Nitrate Leaching In The Meadows Of Western Lithuania With Different Liming And Fertilisation Levels,
2023
Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Lithuania
Nitrate Leaching In The Meadows Of Western Lithuania With Different Liming And Fertilisation Levels, Ruta Butkute, N. Daugeliene
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Investigations of recent decades in the Baltic region including Lithuania showed that intensive liming and mineral fertilisation are the main factors achieving maximum crop yield. However, this farming method had a negative effect on soil quality and nutrient leaching became more intensive. Grassland fertilisation with nitrogen (N) helps plants to assimilate P, K, Ca, Na, but it may increase leaching of nutrients (Niczyporuk & Jankowska, 1995). Nitrate leaching is usually low from grasslands, primarily due to their long growing season compared to arable crops (Korsaeth et.al., 2003). The objective of this research was to determine the effect of liming …
Mechanical Aeration And Liquid Dairy Manure: Application Impacts On Grassland Runoff Water Quality And Yield,
2023
West Virginia University Extension Service
Mechanical Aeration And Liquid Dairy Manure: Application Impacts On Grassland Runoff Water Quality And Yield, T. J. Basden, S. B. Shah, J. L. Miller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Wet weather on heavy soils reduces oxygen availability in the root zone and reduces forage yields. Mechanical aeration can improve forage yield in these soil conditions. Research has shown that under certain conditions, mechanical aeration can increase yield by improving drainage and aeration (Davies et al., 1989); aeration can also increase depression, storage and infiltration thus reducing surface runoff and improving nutrient distribution in the root zone. Aeration on sloping, fertilised grassland can provide environmental (Douglas et al., 1995) and agronomic benefits. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the runoff water quality and agronomic impacts of …
The Effect Of Agricultural Practices On A Dairy Farm On Nitrate Leaching To 1m,
2023
Teagasc, Ireland
The Effect Of Agricultural Practices On A Dairy Farm On Nitrate Leaching To 1m, M. Ryan, K. Mcnamara, D. Noonan, O. T. Carton, Caroline Brophy, John Connolly, E. Houtsma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dairy farms, in Ireland, carry the highest stock densities and use the highest rates of fertiliser nitrogen (N). They constitute the highest risk of nitrate leaching, especially where soils are thin or free-draining. The effect of 4 grass managements on leaching was studied on a dairy farm having free-draining soils overlying Karst limestone. This was a new, farm-comprehensive approach to nitrate leaching which had not been carried out previously.
Agro-Ecological Effects Of Sewage Sludge Application To Orchard Grass (Dactylis Glomerata) Fields,
2023
All-Russia Research Institute of Agrochemistry, Russia
Agro-Ecological Effects Of Sewage Sludge Application To Orchard Grass (Dactylis Glomerata) Fields, G. E. Merzlaya, R. A. Afanasiev, M. E. Shibaeva, I. A. Arkhipchenko
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Municipal sewage sludge can have a great fertilisation effect. However, its application is limited by high amounts of heavy metals, which have adverse effects on soil biota and plants (Ladonin et al., 2002). Our work was aimed at investigating the sludge effect on a soil-plant system.
The Effect Of Steel Industrial Residue-Enriched Soil On The Initial Growth And Heavy Metal Profiles Of Elephantgrass,
2023
EMBRAPA, Brazil
The Effect Of Steel Industrial Residue-Enriched Soil On The Initial Growth And Heavy Metal Profiles Of Elephantgrass, L. P. Passos, M. F. Saldanha, M. C. Vidigal, J. C. De Crignis, S. Sozzi, F. J. S. Lédo, R. C. Oliveira
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Heavy metal contamination of industrial sites are becoming a matter of growing concern. In spite of the substantial progress in the assessment of the influence of steel industrial plant waste on soil and water (Adamo et al., 2002), studies on the immediate responses of cultivated plants are still scarce. The objective of this experiment was to verify the short-term effects of soil added phosphate mud (P mud) or metallurgical scale (M scale), which are trace element-rich steel industry residues, on the initial uptake and heavy metal profiles of elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum)
Effect Of Adding Moraine Soil Or Shell Sand Into Peat Soil On Soil Properties And Grass Yields In Western Norway,
2023
The Norwegian Crop Research Institute, Norway
Effect Of Adding Moraine Soil Or Shell Sand Into Peat Soil On Soil Properties And Grass Yields In Western Norway, L. S. Sognnes, G. Fystro, S. Øpstad
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cultivation and utilisation of peat soil leads to problems related to its high water content. The problems have become more pronounced with the increasing weight of agricultural machinery and more frequent harvesting. Increased particle density, reduced porosity and decreased potential plant-available water was found after incorporation of sand to peat in experiments conducted in the north of Norway (Sveistrup & Haraldsen, 1995). Peat soil has a weak soil skeleton, low bearing capacity, poor thermal properties and insufficient soil aeration. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of added mineral material to peat soil to improve characteristics important …
Pasture Production After Sewage Sludge And Liming Application On Highlands In North West Spain,
2023
University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Pasture Production After Sewage Sludge And Liming Application On Highlands In North West Spain, M. L. Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A. López-Díaz, M. R. Mosquera-Losada
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In recent years, a sewage sludge surplus has been created in the EU countries, due to the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/CEE. Therefore, it is necessary to find adequate disposal for these residues in accordance with EU policy. Organic matter and nutrient sewage sludge contain principally N, indicating that it could be used as fertiliser. The main risk of this residue is its heavy metal content, whose solubility is usually increased as soil pH declines. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of liming and sewage sludge application on pasture production in a silvopastoral system located …
Agronomic Characterisation Of Sewage Sludge: Residual Effects,
2023
University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Agronomic Characterisation Of Sewage Sludge: Residual Effects, M. R. Mosquera-Losada, A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The progressive implementation of the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC is increasing the quantities of sewage sludge requiring disposal. Agronomic use of sewage sludge should be based on crop fertiliser requirements and heavy metals content. Sewage sludge fertiliser potential depends on the stabilisation treatments of sewage sludge: composting, anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion or pelleting (EPA, 1994). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the fertiliser effectiveness and residual effects of three types of sewage sludge treated in three different ways.
Increase In Forage Maize Production By Bacterial Fertilisers,
2023
University of Agriculture, Centre of Agroecology, Uzbekistan
Increase In Forage Maize Production By Bacterial Fertilisers, D. Egamberdiyeva, G. Hoflich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Farmers in many countries value green material generated from maize as a high quality forage. Its inclusion in dairy cow diets can improve forage intake, increase animal performance and has the potential to reduce production costs (Phipps, 1994). Restrictions on the use of chemical fertilisers and a renewed interest in organic sustainable farming systems in general, has restored attention to crop rotations The increase of maize production using bacterial fertilisers also gives alternative ways to reduce chemical fertilisers in forage production. Increased uptake of nutrients such as N, P, and K and crop yield was reported with rhizobacteria (Lazarovits & …
Soil Organic Matter Along A Degradation Gradient In A Semi-Arid Rangeland Of South Africa,
2023
University of the Free State, South Africa
Soil Organic Matter Along A Degradation Gradient In A Semi-Arid Rangeland Of South Africa, Chris C. Du Preez, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a semi-arid South Africa rangeland on a sandy loam soil, artificial manipulations to create various rangeland conditions typical of different levels of livestock impact were shown to result in considerable losses of organic matter after 15 years (Du Preez & Snyman, 1993). In this follow-up study on a similar soil, we regularly measured the organic matter content following the conversion of rangeland in a good to a poor ecological condition, an undisturbed bare soil and a cultivated soil respectively. The changes in soil organic matter content after five years are reported.
Influence Of Grazing On Soil Microbial Communities On A Mixed Grass Prairie Ecosystem,
2023
University of Wyoming
Influence Of Grazing On Soil Microbial Communities On A Mixed Grass Prairie Ecosystem, L. J. Ingram, G. E. Schuman, P. D. Stahl, J. Buyer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The grazing of ungulates is the predominant use for much of the world's semiarid rangelands. Grazing these lands can result in significant changes not only in the vegetation community but also in the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Changes in soil physical and chemical properties and the plant community can potentially lead to changes in soil microbial communities which may have long-term ramifications for nutrient cycling and carbon (C) sequestration. The objective of this research was to ascertain the influence of three long-term grazing treatments on soil microbial communities.
Soil Microbial Diversity Of An Artificial Caragana Korshinskii Plantation On The Loess Plateau Of China,
2023
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Soil Microbial Diversity Of An Artificial Caragana Korshinskii Plantation On The Loess Plateau Of China, W. Zhang, H. L. Wei, H. W. Gao, Y. G. Hu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Peashrub (Caragana korshinskii) is an important dune-fixation plant on the loess plateau of China and is valuable in ecological environment construction of North-western China. For determining relationships between peashrub and soil microbes, three clone libraries of 16S rDNA from rhizoplane, rhizosphere and bulk soil communities of peashrub were constructed with a culture-independent approach. The data obtained from three clone libraries were used to investigate the magnitude of vegetative changes in the microbial community, and to search for general ecological relationships.
Soil Enzyme Activities As Bio Indicators Of Soil Ph And Fertility In Temperate Grassland,
2023
Basque Institute for Research and Agricultural Development, Spain
Soil Enzyme Activities As Bio Indicators Of Soil Ph And Fertility In Temperate Grassland, Iker Mijangos, A. Ibarra, Isabel Albizu, Sorkunde Mendarte, Carlos Garbisu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In recent years, biological indicators are being used to estimate the continued capacity of a given soil to function (i.e., soil health). After all, biological processes are intimately linked with the maintenance of soil structure and fertility, being more sensitive to changes in the soil than conventional physicochemical parameters. Soil enzymes, as mediators and catalysts of vital soil functions, offer great potential as integrative indicators of soil health (Dick et al., 1996). The main aim of the current work was to study the potential of soil enzyme activities as biological (more precisely, biochemical) indicators of soil physicochemical …
The Effect Of Nitrogen Fixation And Plant Species On Ammonium And Amino Acids Soil Contents,
2023
INRA, France
The Effect Of Nitrogen Fixation And Plant Species On Ammonium And Amino Acids Soil Contents, F. Lesuffleur, S. Diquélou, A. Bré, J. B. Cliquet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass and legume intercropping systems, particularly ryegrass-clover mixed cultures, increase grasslands productivity, due to the clover nitrogen (N) fixation and to the transfer of part it to the companion grass. The objective of this experiment was to determine if N fixation and plant species could modify ammonium and amino acids soil contents.
