White Clover Versus Nitrogen Fertilizer 2. Sheep Production,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
White Clover Versus Nitrogen Fertilizer 2. Sheep Production, J.P J. Erens, K B. Miller, R J. Lucas, J.G. H. White, H S. Easton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Animal production on pasture systems provided with either fertiliser or biological nitrogen was compared. A grazing experiment was sown at AgResearch Gore (46°07’ S; 168°54’ E) in October, 1989. Four ryegrass/white clover paddocks were compared to four ryegrass paddocks, with the latter receiving 270 kg nitrogen/ha/year. Each paddock of 0.5 ha was subdivided for rotational grazing at 20 ewes/ ha. In comparison to the ryegrass pastures, mixed pastures produced 22% more herbage and were subsequently 22% higher stocked, lamb liveweight gains were 12% higher during lactation and 42% higher after weaning resulting in earlier sale at higher carcass weights. Ewe …
Perennial Cool-Season Grasses For The Warm Temperate Louisiana Coastal Plain,
2024
Louisiana State University
Perennial Cool-Season Grasses For The Warm Temperate Louisiana Coastal Plain, W D. Pitman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Despite a mild climate and relatively uniform distribution of rainfall, cool-season pastures in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern U.S. have been limited primarily to annual grasses and legumes. Preliminary evaluations indicated promise for the recently released cultivar, ‘Georgia-5’ tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and an experimental Texas bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr.). Commercially available seed supplies allowed evaluation of the tall fescue at multiple sites, while the Texas bluegrass evaluation was limited by seed availability to a single small-plot experiment. Both site and management affected survival of the tall fescue sown into stands of warm-season grasses. Density of …
Frequent Grazing By Sheep Reduced Caucasian Clover Cover And Rhizome Mass In Ryegrass Pasture,
2024
Lincoln University
Frequent Grazing By Sheep Reduced Caucasian Clover Cover And Rhizome Mass In Ryegrass Pasture, R J. Lucas, A.J E. Moorhead, W W. Nichol, P Jarvis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The responses of hexaploid Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum) to four contrasting grazing regimes were compared with white clover (T. repens ) in a high endophyte hybrid ryegrass pasture on a fertile lowland site. After two years, frequent grazing reduced Caucasian clover cover to 10% compared with 25.5% in infrequently grazed treatments (mean spelling time 25 days). Similarly, Caucasian clover rhizome plus root dry weight was reduced by frequent grazing (78 g DM/m2 sampled to 100 mm depth compared with 322 g DM/m2). White clover was encouraged by frequent defoliation (21% cover) in contrast to Caucasian clover. Ryegrass tiller …
Agronomic Evaluation Of Novel Germplasm Under Grazing: Arachis Pintoi Bra-031143 And Paspalum Atratum Bra-009610,
2024
EMBRAPA-CPAC
Agronomic Evaluation Of Novel Germplasm Under Grazing: Arachis Pintoi Bra-031143 And Paspalum Atratum Bra-009610, A O. Barcellos, E A. Pizarro, N L. Costa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of the animal on the pasture and their reverse consequence was studied on two replicated areas of 0.27 and 0.18 ha in a grasslegume sward established in a poorly humid drained soil in the Brazilian Cerrado. The A. pintoi BRA-031143 and P. atratum BRA- 009610 sward was evaluated during four consecutive years under two grazing pressures (GP). The imposed GP affected the botanical composition and pasture availability. Mean live weight gain/animal/ day under the two imposed GP varied from 387+17g, 578+68g, 697+35g and 687+123g between the 1992/93 and 1995/96 rainy seasons. During the dry season the LWG/animal/day varied …
The Effect Of Glyphosate On Dm Yield And Quality Of Forage Sorghum,
2024
The Volcani Center
The Effect Of Glyphosate On Dm Yield And Quality Of Forage Sorghum, T Kipnis, Sofia Kaller, G Krivat, Levana Dvash, D Ben-Ghedalia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The possibility of improving the forage quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) by using herbicide was assessed in field trials. Glyphosate (Roundup) reduced cell wall content and increased the digestibility of the dry matter. When sprayed towards the end of vegetative growth, quality improvement could be achieved without reduction in yield. Glyphosate may enhance accumulation of sugars, however, the possibility that the herbicide improves forage quality by affecting cell wall structure and digestibility cannot be ruled out.
Effects Of Grazing Damage On White Clover Stolon Morphology,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Effects Of Grazing Damage On White Clover Stolon Morphology, J R. Caradus, D F. Chapman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In two trials the effect of white clover stolon growing point removal due to grazing damage by sheep on stolon growth and morphology was investigated. Damage to the main stolon growing point did not affect stolon branch appearance rate, so that with a reduced node appearance rate on main stolons there was an increased proportion of nodes branching on damaged stolons. Compensatory growth by branch stolons after main stolon growing point removal occurred when measured as stolon elongation rate.
Carbohydrate Reserves Of Perennial Grasses: Effect Of Drought And Defoliation Intensity,
2024
University of New England
Carbohydrate Reserves Of Perennial Grasses: Effect Of Drought And Defoliation Intensity, S P. Boschma, M J. Hill, J M. Scott, J J. Lutton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The carbohydrate reserves of six perennial grasses were measured during exposure to drought and defoliation over spring-summer and summer-autumn seasons. Of the six species assessed, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) had the highest level of reserves while wallaby grass (Danthonia richardsonii) had the lowest levels. The results indicate that during the spring-summer period drought intensity had a greater effect on plant reserves than defoliation intensity. However, defoliation had a greater effect on reserves during the summer-autumn period. It is suggested that tiller reserves may be most affected when drought is …
Development And Fate Of Seedlings Of Three Temperate Legumes Following Oversowing,
2024
Northern Resource Management Project, Pakistan
Development And Fate Of Seedlings Of Three Temperate Legumes Following Oversowing, M H. Awan, P D. Kemp, D J. Barker, M A. Choudhary
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Oversown seeds of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.), strawberry clover (T. fragiferum L.) and caucasian clover (T. ambiguum Bieb.) were monitored for 40 days to identify the stage of development at which the seed of these temperate pasture legumes failed at varying moisture levels. Intact sods of glyphosate-sprayed pasture were taken to a glasshouse, subjected to factorial combination of three soil surface moisture levels (low, medium, high) and three legume species. Overall, 70, 52 and 31% of seed of subterranean, strawberry and caucasian clovers,respectively, produced a visible radicle or seedling. The greatest loss of potential seedlings occured following …
Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On The Growth Of Ryegrass With Different Tolerances To Pulling,
2024
Dairying Research Corporation, NZ
Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On The Growth Of Ryegrass With Different Tolerances To Pulling, E R. Thom, V T. Van Vught, R J. Mccabe, C D. Waugh, B.J L. Koch, H L. Lagoda
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Plots of high endophyte pipeline ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) lines, coded A1 and A3, were established on the Dairying Research Corporation No 2 Dairy in May, 1994. Three plots of each line were drilled on a silt loam and three on a peaty silt loam soil. Half the area of each plot received nitrogen (N) fertiliser (30 kg N/ha) following grazings from September, 1995 to February, 1996. Line A1 consistently pulled more than did A3 and pulling was worse on the peat. N fertiliser increased post-flowering tillering especially for A1. Line A1 had a higher leaf shear strength (6.21 …
Principles Of Tree Management In The Grazing Lands Of Queensland, Australia,
2024
Department of Natural Resources, Australia
Principles Of Tree Management In The Grazing Lands Of Queensland, Australia, J C. Scanlan, E J. Turner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The key factors that influenced the appropriateness of clearing were identified for Queensland. The first stage was to identify endangered and vulnerable vegetation types, with final agreement being that clearing would not be undertaken in these regional ecosystem types. For other regional ecosystems, the degree of clearing that was appropriate was determined from the original and current extent of that ecosystem type, the sustainability of any development and any off-site effects of clearing. The maximum slope suitable for clearing, the width of riparian buffers and other corridors were also determined. These local guidelines for tree clearing became a central part …
Influence Of Five Cutting Frequencies On The Production Of Medicago Sativa Cultivars In The Boland Of South Africa,
2024
EADI, South Africa
Influence Of Five Cutting Frequencies On The Production Of Medicago Sativa Cultivars In The Boland Of South Africa, T Oberholzer, J M. Van Heerden
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The use of fixed interval cutting management for lucerne was studied for four cultivars (CUF101, Condor, SA Standard and Alfagraze) of four dormancy classes. Five fixed cutting intervals ranging from two to ten weeks were imposed for three years on irrigated stands at Elsenburg Research Station in the Boland of South Africa. The experimental design was a 4 by 5 split-plot randomised block with three replications. The four main plots were four cultivars split into five subplots containing five cutting treatments. The more winter dormant cultivar, Alfagraze, was least sensitive to cutting frequency and relatively more productive than the other …
Tiller Dynamic Of Dwarf Elephantgrass (Pennisetum Purpureum Cv. Mott) Under Defoliation,
2024
Universidad del Zulia
Tiller Dynamic Of Dwarf Elephantgrass (Pennisetum Purpureum Cv. Mott) Under Defoliation, T Clavero
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A field study was conducted at the Animal Production Research Center of the University of Zulia, Venezuela. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the tiller dynamic of dwarf elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) under three cutting frequencies (CF) 28, 42 and 56 days and three cutting heights (CH) 10, 20 and 40 cm in order to estimate basal (BT), aerial (AT) and dead tillers (DT). The experiment was laid out as a split-plot trial with three replications. The number of basal tillers increased as CF was shortened and CH was increased. The intensity of defoliation independent of CF …
Animal Productivity And Dynamics Of Native Pastures Improved With Oversown Legumes In Uruguay,
2024
INIA
Animal Productivity And Dynamics Of Native Pastures Improved With Oversown Legumes In Uruguay, D F. Risso, E J. Berretta
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural pastures in large areas of Uruguay can be improved by fertilization with phosphorus (P) and surface sowing of adapted legumes, promoting an increased forage production and quality, with the consequent higher carrying capacity and better animal performance. A study was conducted to evaluate two improved grasslands with two stocking rates under rotational grazing. Such improvements resulted from the oversowing of: 1) white clover (Trifolium repens) plus birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus); and 2) annual lotus (Lotus subbiflorus). In these pastures, with important presence of legumes, a higher frequency of C3 and winter species, high levels …
Emergence Of Small And Large Seeded Grasses: Importance Of Shoot Strength,
2024
University of Sunderland
Emergence Of Small And Large Seeded Grasses: Importance Of Shoot Strength, M Andrews, M E. Andrews, C Watson, S M. Percival
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Inter-specific relationships between mean seed weight (MSW), coleoptile and mesocotyl length and width, shoot strength and emergence from 15 mm sowing depth were examined for six temperate pasture grass species ranging in MSW from 0.34 - 10.4 mg. For all species, coleoptile + mesocotyl length was greater for emerged than non-emerged seedlings. Across species, emergence % was not significantly correlated with coleoptile + mesocotyl length but it was significantly correlated with mean seed weight and coleoptile and mesocotyl width. Shoot strength increased with increased coleoptile width. It is proposed that decreased emergence % with decreased seed weight across species at …
Yield And Quality Of Cereal And Cereal-Pea Companion Crops And Their Effect On Alfalfa Establishment,
2024
New Liskeard Agricultural Research Station
Yield And Quality Of Cereal And Cereal-Pea Companion Crops And Their Effect On Alfalfa Establishment, J E. Johnston
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study was carried out to determine the effect of management practices (harvest maturity, cereal species, mixtures with field peas (Pisum sativum)) on the yield and quality of cereal companion crops harvested for forage and the impact of those practices on subsequent alfalfa (Medicago sativa) yields. Replicated factorial experiments were conducted at three locations in northern Ontario from 1993 to 1995. Companion crop forage yields were increased and quality decreased by harvesting as the heads emerged as compared to the late boot stage. Triticale (X Triticosecale) was lower yielding than either oats (Avena sativa) …
The Effect Of Different Oversown Legume Species And Row Spacings Upon The Production Of Degraded Cultivated Pastures,
2024
FCA-UNMdP/EEA
The Effect Of Different Oversown Legume Species And Row Spacings Upon The Production Of Degraded Cultivated Pastures, M R. Colabelli, A Mazzanti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The establishment and growth of three leguminous plants Medicago sativa (A), Trifolium pratense (TR) and Lotus corniculatus (LC) was analysed. They were oversown on three different row spacings (10, 20 y 40 cm) on September 12, 1994. Density was estimated by marking and sequential counting of seedlings. Growth was estimated from Leaf Area Index (LAI) and from forage accumulation per area unit on three dates: D1 = 26/01/95; D2 = 11/04/95; D3 = 5/12/95. Total forage accumulation was higher (p<0.05) for the treatments oversown with TR in D1 at the smaller distances (average from 10 and 20 cm, 4130 kg DM/ha, 46% higher than treatment control (C); all the other treatments did not differ from C). In D2 there were no differences between treatments (average 1995 kg DM/ha); in D3 there were no differences among the oversown treatments (average 2498 kg DM/ha) and forage accumulation was 59% higher than C. There was no difference in seedling density between oversown legumes A and TR but both were higher (p<0.05) than that of LC. The relationship between the LAI of the oversown legume and that of the vegetation present was higher (p<0.05) for TR than for the rest of the treatments: D1, TR=1.43, A=0.21, LC=0.1; D2, TR=1.62, A=0.31, LC=0.2 and D3, TR=1.91, A=0.86, LC=1.05 . It is concluded that it is feasible to increase yield and modify botanical composition of degraded pastures by oversowing legumes.
Relation Between Growth In Summer And The Overwintering Ability In Hybrid Pennisetum And Napiergrass Genotypes,
2024
Miyazaki University
Relation Between Growth In Summer And The Overwintering Ability In Hybrid Pennisetum And Napiergrass Genotypes, Y Ishii, K Ito, S Shinohara
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The growth in summer and the overwintering ability of interspecific hybrid (Hy) between pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and napiergrass (P. purpureum) was compared with those of two napiergrass varieties, i.e. Wruk Wona (Wr) and Merkeron (Me) in the field. The Hy had smaller dry matter yield (DMY) and mean tiller weight with higher tiller number and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) than Wr and Me at the end of July, but DMY and IVDMD were not significantly different among genotypes in November. Regrown percentage of plants, number and dry weight of regrown tillers after overwintering were the …
Seasonal Changes In Photosynthetic Rate Of 6 Panicum Genotypes,
2024
Miyazaki University
Seasonal Changes In Photosynthetic Rate Of 6 Panicum Genotypes, Q S. Cai, Y Ishii, K Ito
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Three varieties each in Panicum maximum (PM) and P. coloratum (PC) were measured for the seasonal changes in the gas exchange rate in the field at Miyazaki, Japan. The gross photosynthetic rate (Pg) under the same photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) of 1000 μmol m-2s-1 and the dark respiratory rate (Rd) of leaf blade under the mean environmental air temperature on the measuring day differed among six varieties from autumn to the next spring. With the decrease in air temperature, the Pg and the Rd in the varieties of PM (typically, coldsensitive Natsukaze (NAT)) declined more rapidly than those of PC …
Moisture Stress In Hill Country Pastures Of New Zealand,
2024
Massey University
Moisture Stress In Hill Country Pastures Of New Zealand, I Valentine
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Moisture stress is a recognised factor in the persistence of desirable pasture species of naturalised hill country pastures of New Zealand. Two variables in a soil water balance model are examined here for their contribution to maintaining plant cover. Soil water infiltration is not a limiting factor even though these hill country soils will respond to lime and this response is believed to be due to its effect on the physical properties of the soil. However, the effect of microtopography and wind direction does reduce soil water input.
Effect Of Nitrogen Input On Performance Of A Sodseeded Temperature Legume-Grass Mixture,
2024
Louisiana State University
Effect Of Nitrogen Input On Performance Of A Sodseeded Temperature Legume-Grass Mixture, M W. Alison
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of N application rate and timing on forage production when an annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) mixture is overseeded on a warm-season grass sward. Nitrogen was applied soon after planting in the fall at rates of 0, 38, 76 and 114 kg ha-1 and in late February at 0, 56 and 112 kg ha-1. Fall and winter N rates were included in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement. Forage production was measured monthly from February through June and botanical composition was determined …
