Breeding To Reduce Susceptibility To Bloat In Dairy Cattle,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Breeding To Reduce Susceptibility To Bloat In Dairy Cattle, C A. Morris, R J. Wilkins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment with Friesian x Jersey cross cattle was established in 1972 at Ruakura, in order to select in 2 closed herds for high (HS) or low (LS) susceptibility to pasture bloat. By the 1990 calf crop, there was a difference in adjusted bloat score between herds of 0.94 units (1.93 genetic standard deviations). The repeatability and heritability of a single bloat score were 0.13+0.02, and 0.12+0.06, with a heritability of 0.52+0.22 for mean bloat score. Annual death rates from bloat have averaged 2.6% in the HS herd and 0.8% in the LS herd (0% in the LS herd for …
Mixed Herb Ley No Advantage Over Ryegrass-White Clover Pasture For Early Lamb Growth,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Mixed Herb Ley No Advantage Over Ryegrass-White Clover Pasture For Early Lamb Growth, I Popay, W Stiefel
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The performance of lambs at 2 stocking rates, on either ryegrasswhite clover (Lolium perenne- Trifolium repens) pasture or on a mixed herb ley, were compared under a system which precluded use of pesticides (including drenches) and highly soluble fertilisers. The mixed herb ley included 8 grasses, 5 legumes and 3 herbs: chicory (Cichorium lntybus), sheep's burnet (Sangulsorba minor ssp. muricata) and narrow-leaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata). In the first grazing cycle, there were no significant differences in lamb growth rates, nor in faecal egg counts, between the two pasture types, although in the …
Use Of Italian Ryegrass To Increase Feed Production From Dairy Pastures In Northern New Zealand,
2024
Dairying Research Corporation
Use Of Italian Ryegrass To Increase Feed Production From Dairy Pastures In Northern New Zealand, E R. Thom, R A. Prestidge
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect on pasture production In late winter-early spring was examined by direct drilling Italian ryegrass (Lolilum multiflorum Lam. cv, Concord) into plots previously sprayed with glyphosate or undersowing into existing pasture in autumn 1989 and 1990. Nitrogen fertiliser (25 kg N/ha) was applied to half the area of each plot on 3 occasions during winter. Concord ryegrass was also direct drilled after spraying wilh glyphosate in late summer (February) and autumn (March) in a third experiment in 1991. All plots were rotationally grazed by cows. On average for late winter-early spring 1989 and 1990, direct-drilled and undersown plots …
Effect Of A Reduction In Concentrate Price On Feed Costs And Its Implication For Grass Silage In The Diet Of Lactating Dairy Cows,
2024
Moorepark Research Centre
Effect Of A Reduction In Concentrate Price On Feed Costs And Its Implication For Grass Silage In The Diet Of Lactating Dairy Cows, S Fitzgerald
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The proposed reduction in the price of cereals (29%) under the EC price reform proposals for agricultural produce will have n large effect on feed costs and on the balance between grass silage and concentrates in the diet of lactating dairy cows while indoors. The effect of n reduction in the price of dairy concentrates with varying silage production costs on the daily feed costs for a 525 kg cow yielding 25 kg milk/day in early lactation, while losing 0.5 kg/day body weight, was calculated when given a mixed diet of grass silage and concentrates to provide an MB intake …
Development Of A Genotype For Out-Of-Season Lambing,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Development Of A Genotype For Out-Of-Season Lambing, J F. Smith, D L. Johnson, T C. Reid
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A flock derived from Polled Dorset x Romney sheep has been selected for advanced lambing date for 20 years. After 15 years over 90% of selected ewes displayed the ability to lamb in autumn, Genetic parameters have been analysed and high heritability (0.23) and repeatability (0.36) estimated. Current research is aimed at selection of divergent flocks based on use of breeding values for date of lambing and the elucidation of what has altered in the physiological and endocrinological mechanisms controlling the onset of breeding season and also the identification of early indicator traits in the male and female progeny, Preliminary …
United States Forage Exports To Japan And Korea,
2024
Washington State University
United States Forage Exports To Japan And Korea, William P. Ford
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bxports are becoming an important market for the western USA forage producer. Forage products exported are: lucerne hay and cubes, timothy hay, oat hay, sudangrass hay, and perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass straw, Demand for forage products from Japan is now playing an increasing role on West Coast markets. In 1991, Japan Imported 720 214 t of lucerne hay cubes, The USA supplies approximately 77% of these lucerne cubes and Canada about 21 %, Baled hay imports for Japan totalled 1 038 297 t in 1991. 87% of these hay products came from the USA. Total hay and cube imports …
Intensive Lucerne Production In Washington,
2024
Washington State University
Intensive Lucerne Production In Washington, William P. Ford, Dayid W. Evans
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Hay is the sixth valuable agricultural commoditing in the state of Washington in the USA. Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) was grown on 190350 ha and represents 74% of all hay, 36% of the state's lucerne acreage and 48% of its production was found in two counties. Three to 5 harvests per year can be made in Central Washington. Lucerne farms under intensive management can yield as much as 22.4 Mg of 12% moisture hay/ha. A balance between stand maintenance, high yields and good quality hay can be obtained by cutting lucerne at the bud stage of growth. In 1991, over …
Use Of Irrigated Lucerne At Different Growth Stages Ii. Utilization For Milk Production,
2024
Quilamapu Experimental Station
Use Of Irrigated Lucerne At Different Growth Stages Ii. Utilization For Milk Production, Ernesto John, Agustin Vidal, Fernando Baez, Patricio Soto
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lactating cows were assigned in a random block design to 6 treatments in a 3x2 factorial arrangement: 3 growth stages pre-bud (PB), 10% flower ( I OPP) and 50% flower (50PF), leaving 2 post-grazing residuals, high (HR) and low (LR).· Treatments were evaluated in 2 seasons, November-January (Sl) and January-March (S2). Forty-eight cows were used in each of the two seasons. During Sl milk production per cow (kg/day) was 20.0, 18,9 and 17.2 for PB, IOPF and 50PF for low residuals and 19.5; 19.8 and 20.3 for high residuals, respectively. For S2 milk production was lower but followed similar trends. …
Role Of Pasture Composition And Grazing Management In Affecting The Incidence Of Bloat On Farms,
2024
Ruakura Agricultural Centre
Role Of Pasture Composition And Grazing Management In Affecting The Incidence Of Bloat On Farms, V R. Carruthers, G J. Brier, H V. Henderson, J.A S. Lancaster, D A. Mccallum
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Farm operations, pasture composition and pre- and post-grazing association with herbage mass were monitored from May 1990 to November 1991 on 16 pairs of dairy farms. Each pair included one farm with a history of bloat despite routine use of chemical preventatives (bloat-prone) and one farm which did not routinely use chemicals to prevent bloat rarely observed bloat (bloat-free). The incidence of bloat during spring was low in both years. From August to November bloat-free farms had less ryegrass (Lolium) (58%, v. 66%) and more other grass species (25% v. 17%) in pasture, and higher pre- and post-grazing …
Digestion And Rumen Metabolism Of Forages By Red Deer, Goats And Sheep,
2024
Massey University
Digestion And Rumen Metabolism Of Forages By Red Deer, Goats And Sheep, T N. Barry, B M.F Dominngue, D O. Freudenberger
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Digestive efficiency was compared in Red deer, goats and sheep fed chaffed lucerne hay (Experiment 1), Goats digested fibre more efficiently than sheep and had the greatest rate of rumen ammonia production, Red deer showed the capacity to increase VFI from winter (W) to summer (S) without depressing apparent digestibility, through slowing the rate of rumen particulate outflow. Fractional outflow rate (FOR) of water from the rumen and the ratio FOR water/ FOR particulate matter were both considerably greater for deer than for sheep and goats. It was concluded that this would enable deer to digest soluble ration components more …
Development Of Specialist Forage Systems For Deer Production,
2024
Massey University
Development Of Specialist Forage Systems For Deer Production, T N. Barry, J H. Niezen, G Semiadi, J Hodgson, P R. Wilson, A M. Ataja
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Red clover (RC) (Trlfolium pratense L.) and chicory (C) (Cichorium intybus L.) were evaluated in 3 experiments as alternative forages to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (0.85)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (0.15) pasture (PRG) for deer production. During lactation (summer), fawns grazed with their hinds on RC grew faster (410-433 g/day) than their contemporaries reared on PRO (322/g/day). Fawns reared on C during lactation were intermediate, From weaning to 12 months of age, young deer were consistently heavier when grazing RC than PRG, with the advantage at 12 months being 7 kg for stags and 3 …
Influence Of Renovation Of Old Fescue Pasture On Beef Production,
2024
INTA
Influence Of Renovation Of Old Fescue Pasture On Beef Production, J A. Josifovich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The influence of renovation by interseeding of a 30-year-old fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) pasture, naturally invaded with dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.), was evaluated during 3 years at the Pergamino Experiment Station. The renovation was done by minimum tillage equipment using a spring-toothed cultivator, The mixture sown was brome (Bromus 1mioloides H.B.K.) cv. Martfn Fierro MAG, chicory (Cichoriumorium intybus L.) cv. San Pedro INTA, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cv. El Surefto INTA, white clover (Trifolium repens L,) cv. El Lucero MAG, and Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) cv. La yapalNTA. There were 2 treatments: …
Some Effects Of Sole Pasture Diets On Reproductive Performance Of Lactating Cows In Seasonal Dairy Herds,
2024
Ruakura Agricultural Centre
Some Effects Of Sole Pasture Diets On Reproductive Performance Of Lactating Cows In Seasonal Dairy Herds, K L. Macmillan, S Mcdougall
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The reproductive performance of 631 dairy cows in 5 herds which had a single concentrated calving programme in late winter was monitored through the post-partum period and the breeding programme. The cows in ench herd were of high genetic merit and received a sole ration of pasture grazed in situ. Anoestrous animals which had failed to ovulate since calving were identified before the start of the breeding programme. The average post-partum interval to first oestrus was 48.5 days, but ranged from 35.7 to 58,5 days in individual herds. It was 86.6 days in the anoestrous cows which represented 18.7% of …
Maximizing Red Deer Venison Production Through High Quality Pasture,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Maximizing Red Deer Venison Production Through High Quality Pasture, W F. Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A novel pasture system emphasizing pasture quality was tested for the ability to finish young Red deer stock at 11-12 months. This enables 1 year's crop of fawns to be sold before the next arrives, and hence overcomes carrying capacity problems. The species tested had previously been identified as of high quality and being highly preferred by red deer. Grasslands Colenso red clover (Trifolium pratense L,) or Grasslands Puna chicory (Chichorium intybus) were tested for supplying high quality summer forage during the lactation phase. Grasslands Tama weslerwolds ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) provided high quality post-weaning forage during …
Berseem Clover: A New Forage For Dairying In Mexico,
2024
INIFAP
Berseem Clover: A New Forage For Dairying In Mexico, Hector M. Quiroga-Garza, Jose S. Cueto-Wong, Julio Jimenez-Aceves
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Comarca Lagunaera is the most important dairying region in Mexico. It is located in the semi-arid north central zone (26°N, 103°W): altitude 1100 m as!, mean annual rainfall of 220 mm, mild winters with some frosts (-4 to -6°C). The winter forages used are Italian ryegrasses and oats. Since I 985, a new forage crop, berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), has been studied. Berseem clover is an annual winter legume with a high nitrogen {N) fixation capacity and yield of high quality forage. During 2 consecutive years in field experiments comparing pure stands of berseem and ryegrass ( …
Alpaca Fibre Production, Fibre Growth Seasonality And Fibre Characteristics Variation In A Cool-Temperate Environment Of New Zealand,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Alpaca Fibre Production, Fibre Growth Seasonality And Fibre Characteristics Variation In A Cool-Temperate Environment Of New Zealand, Tumen Wuliji
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Live weight, fleece weight and fibre diameter of alpacas imported from South America were recorded. Seasonal fibre growth rate was estimated by a defined mid-side patch clipping. Fleece weights were 2.27 kg and 2.21 kg for Tara Hills and i.owburn properties, respectively, markedly higher than that of South American alpacas. Fibre diameter was coarsened by 4.6 µm (P<0.01) in 1990 and a further 1.2 µm (P<0.05) in the 1991 shearing for adult herds compared with the first test at importation, The fibre growth rate estimated by mid-side patch sampling coincided with seasonal changes, being highest in summer and declining in the order of autumn, winter and spring (0.45, 0.42, 0.41 and 0.35 mg/day/cm 1, respectively). Similarly, the diameter of fibre on the mid-side patch was affected but to a lesser extent. The fibre growth rate and fibre diameter was lowest in the period late winter/early spring. Males grew significantly more (42-59%) and coarser fibres (0.8-2. l 11m) than females.
Experience With Grazing Geese On Pasture,
2024
Debrecen University of Agricultural Sciences
Experience With Grazing Geese On Pasture, G Nacy, S Mihok
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Under large field and model experimental conditions large flocks of geese were grazed. Rotational grazing was utilised in order to avoid sward damage by overgrazing and environmental pollution by too much goose droppings on the grazed area. Observations included grazing habits of geese, selection of grasses and herbs by geese, rotational grazing and use of electric fences, effect of goose droppings on grass and the necessity of grain supplementation for meat geese grazed on pasture. Our experiences show that the geese grazed deeper into the sward canopy than any other grazing domestic animal in Hungary. The geese did not select …
Opportunities And Constraints For Production Of Marketable Products From Temperate Grassland Systems With Minimal Financial Inputs, Pedro O. Gomez, Ernesto John
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grassland and fodder crops in temperate areas of the world are the main feed resources for milk and beef production. In general, grassland systems in industrialised countries have high financial inputs. The systems in which financial inputs are minimal are those that produce mainly under all-year grazing, with minimal or no inputs such as supplementary feeding, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, fertilisers, antibiotics, and growth promoters; in general they are located in temperate zones of non-industrialised countries. For this reason the products obtained from these systems (e.g., meat, milk) have at present a good opportunity in international markets where the demand for …
Trends In Intensive Temperate Grassland Systems,
2024
University of London - Wye College
Trends In Intensive Temperate Grassland Systems, J D. Leaver, F Weissbach
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Intensification of grassland in temperate zones has been successful in substantially increasing output of animal products per unit area of land. This trend is unlikely to continue, however, where intensification has been supported by large subsidies, as in EC countries. The high costs of both subsidising the production systems and the export of surplus products is not sustainable. The distortion in world trade caused by such policies combined with concerns over the environmental implications of intensification has already led to CAP reforms in Europe to de-intensify ruminant. livestock systems. Liberalisation of world trade through GA TT could lend to further …
Studies On Soil Biochemical Activities Of Sub-Coryphile Meadow In Qing-Tibet Plateau,
2024
Sichuan University
Studies On Soil Biochemical Activities Of Sub-Coryphile Meadow In Qing-Tibet Plateau, Liu Shigui, Long Zhangfu, Zeng Ying, Wu Yong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The micro-organism activities and enzymatic activities were studied in the soil of 3 degenerative grasslands (Kobresia pygmaea meadow, Festuca sinensis meadow and Dasiphora fruticosa shrub) near Ruoergai Grassland Station in Sichuan, China, Main results show that soil biochemical activities have been decreasing as the grassland degenerates, especially cellulose decomposition, nitrogen fixation, phenol decomposition, protease, cellulase and sucrase.
