Other Plant Sciences Commons^™

Occurrence And Distribution Of Triticum Mosaic Virus In The Central Great Plains, E. Byamukama, D. L. Seifers, G. L. Hein, E. De Wolf, N. A. Tisserat, M. A. C. Langham, L. E. Osborne, A. Timmerman, S. N. Wegulo

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Wheat curl mite (WCM)-transmitted viruses—namely, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), and the High Plains virus (HPV)—are three of the wheat-infecting viruses in the central Great Plains of the United States. TriMV is newly discovered and its prevalence and incidence are largely unknown. Field surveys were carried out in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota in spring and fall 2010 and 2011 to determine TriMV prevalence and incidence and the frequency of TriMV co-infection with WSMV or HPV in winter wheat. WSMV was the most prevalent and was detected in 83% of 185 season–counties (= s-counties), 73% …

Using Stable Isotope Analysis Of Zooplankton To Document Trophic And Biogeochemical Changes In The San Francisco Estuary, Steven C. Westbrook, Julien Moderan

STAR Program Research Presentations

Zooplankton represent a vital link between phytoplankton and fish, like the endangered Delta Smelt. Human interferences (nitrates from waste water, flow alteration, invasive species introduction…) have altered the structure of the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) ecosystem. We use stable isotope analysis to improve our knowledge of the planktonic food web in the SFE and gain insights into its evolution over the past decades. We use the ratios of certain isotopes (Nitrogen, Carbon, Sulfur, etc.) in different species of zooplankton to tell us what it is feeding on as well as the trophic level it feeds in. My research focused on …

Product Comparison Of Foliar Fungicide Efficacy On Diseases Of Field Corn In Nebraska, 2013, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide efficacy trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. Corn hybrid NK ‘N68B’, rating of “fair” (7 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), not rated for common rust (CR), and “excellent” (2 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 15 May in 30-in. rows at a target population of 31,763 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Eight treatments and a non-treated control were replicated six times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot was four rows …

Nebline, January 2013

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: 4-H School Enrichment Programs Bring Hands-On Learning to Local Classrooms

Farm Views

Urban Agriculture

Food & Fitness

Home & Family Living

Horticulture

Environmental Focus

4-H & Youth

Community Focus

Extension Calendar

Nutrition Education Program

Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs

and other extension news and events

2012 Annual Report Special Pullout Section

Evaluating The Success Of Seed Sowing In A New England Grassland, Chad C. Jones, Glenn D. Dreyer, Nels Barrett

Botany Faculty Publications

Grassland habitat is declining in the northeastern United States, leading to a decline in associated native species. Consequently, there is considerable interest by land managers in conserving and restoring grassland habitats in the Northeast. However, unlike the Great Plains and Europe, quantitative monitoring of restoration sites is uncommon, making it difficult to improve new restoration projects. Here we evaluate a grassland restoration in Waterford, Connecticut to determine if mechanical clearing of woody vegetation combined with sowing 23 native grasses and forbs led to successful establishment of these species. We also compared cover, diversity, and colonization by exotic and woody species …

Efficacy Of Foliar Fungicides And Application Timing Of Stratego Yld On Field Corn In Nebraska, 2013, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide efficacy timing trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. Corn hybrid NK ‘N68B’, rating of “fair” (7 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), not rated for common rust (CR), and “excellent” (2 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 15 May in 30-in. rows at a target population of 31,763 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Nine treatments and a nontreated control were replicated six times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot was four …

Evaluation Of Foliar Fungicide And Application Timing On Field Corn Following Hail Event At Scal In Nebraska, 2013, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide efficacy timing trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE to determine the potential effect of foliar fungicides and their application timing on lodging and yield after a late season hail event. Novartis corn hybrid N6800 GT with CruiserMaxx 250 seed treatment was planted on 24 May in 30 in. rows with a target population of 32,000 plants/A. Force 3G (4 oz/1,000 row ft) was applied in-furrow at planting. Lexar (3 qt/A) + Roundup UltraMax (32 fl oz/A) was applied on 5 Jun. The trial area had corn as …

Efficacy Evaluation Of Fortix And Headline Amp Application Timing In Field Corn In Nebraska, 2013, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide efficacy timing trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. Corn hybrid NK ‘N68B’, rating of “fair” (7 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), not rated for common rust (CR), and “excellent” (2 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 15 May in 30-in. rows at a target population of 31,763 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Nine treatments were replicated six times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot was four rows (10 ft) wide …

Efficacy Evaluation Of Foliar Fungicide Application Timing In Field Corn In Nebraska, 2012, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide efficacy trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. DeKalb corn hybrid DKC 64-83, rating of “good” (6 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), “very good” (4 out of 9) for common rust (CR), and “good” (5 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 26 Apr in 30-in. rows at a target population of 30,600 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Six foliar fungicide treatments and a non-treated control were replicated six times in a randomized complete …

What’S New In Plant Pathology, Loren Giesler, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Casey Schleicher, Kevin Korus

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Extension Plant Pathology Team Update

Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic Update

Disease Management Products

Table 1. Foliar Fungicide Label Updates

Table 2. New Products

Impacts Of Drought On Disease Development And Management, Stephen Wegulo, Loren Giesler, Robert Harveson, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Bo Liu, Kevin Korus

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Drought conditions such as those that occurred in Nebraska in 2012 can impact the development of plant diseases. In general drought slows down or prevents the development of plant diseases caused by pathogens that thrive under moist conditions. However, some diseases are favored by drought. This is because when plants are stressed due to lack of moisture or excessive heat, they become more susceptible to these diseases. This article presents examples of diseases of agronomic crops favored by drought and how to manage them. Data are provided on the effect of dry or wet conditions on the profitability of applying …

Grain Storage Management To Minimize Mold And Mycotoxins, Thomas W. Dorn, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

As most dryland corn producers are aware, the dry and hot growing season in 2012 resulted in reduced corn yields with moderately lower test weights. Along with the reduced test weights are concerns about potential mycotoxin contamination in the drought-stressed grain.

The only way to know for sure if there are mycotoxins in your grain and which specific mycotoxins are present is to collect representative grain samples and have them tested by a certified laboratory.

Many species of fungi can cause ear rot diseases and molding of grain. Most of these fungi become associated with the grain in the field …

Sub1a-Mediated Submergence Tolerance Response In Rice Involves Differential Regulation Of The Brassinosteroid Pathway, Aaron J. Schmitz, Jing J. Folsom, Yusuke Jikamaru, Pamela C. Ronald, Harkamal Walia

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Submergence 1A (SUB1A), is an ethylene response factor (ERF) that confers submergence tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) via limiting shoot elongation during the inundation period. SUB1A has been proposed to restrict shoot growth by modulating gibberellic acid (GA) signaling.

Our transcriptome analysis indicated that SUB1A differentially regulates genes associated with brassinosteroid (BR) synthesis during submergence. Consistent with the gene expression data, the SUB1A genotype had higher brassinosteroid levels after submergence compared to the intolerant genotype. Tolerance to submergence can be activated in the intolerant genotype by pretreatment with exogenous brassinolide, which results in restricted shoot elongation …

Transformations, Bioavailability And Toxicity Of Manufactured Zno Nanomaterials In Wastewter, Sewwandi Rathnayake

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

In order to properly evaluate the ecological and human health risks of ZnO Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) released to the environment, it is critical to understand the likely transformation products in the wastewater treatment process and in soils receiving biosolids. To address this critical knowledge gap, we examined the transformation reactions of 30 nm ZnO MNMs in single component and multi-component systems, with phosphate and natural organic matter (NOM). We also assessed the influence of nano ZnO transformation on the bioavailability, and toxicity of ZnO transformation products to Triticum aestivum. The data revealed that ZnO MNMs react with phosphate at …

Factors Influencing The Establishment And Survival Of Native Hardwood Tree Seedlings Of The Kentucky Inner Bluegrass Blue Ash-Oak Savanna-Woodland, James D. Shaffer

Theses and Dissertations--Biology

Historically, the Kentucky Inner Bluegrass blue ash-oak savanna-woodland was the primary ecosystem of the Inner Bluegrass Region (IBR) of Kentucky. After European settlement, the majority (>99%) of Bluegrass savanna was converted to agricultural and urban land uses. Currently remnant savanna tree species are failing to recruit. Therefore, a long-term restoration ecology project researching competition and disturbance on seedling establishment, survival, and growth has been established at Griffith Woods (the largest remaining savanna in Kentucky) in Harrison Co., KY. Fourteen native hardwood tree species (a total of 6,168 seedlings) have been experimentally planted. Light, soil, surrounding vegetation, and herbivory, factors …

Variants Of Triticum Mosaic Virus Isolated From Wheat In Colorado Show Divergent Biological Behavior, Dallas L. Seifers, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Roy French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) is a recently discovered virus infecting wheat. We compared Colorado isolates C10-492 and C11-775 with the 06-123 isolate. Comparisons were made using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), infectivity assay, host range, dry weight (DW), inoculation of ‘Mace’ wheat with temperature-sensitive resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the coat proteins (CP) and P1 proteins. Both C10-492 and C11-775 infected ‘Gallatin’ barley and, when compared with 06-123, had significantly reduced ELISA values and virus titers in wheat. Both Colorado isolates caused symptomless infections in Mace, whereas 06- 123 caused mosaic symptoms. …

Spatio-Temporal Patterns Of Pre-Harvest Brown Rot Epidemics Within Individual Peach Tree Canopies, Sydney E. Everhart, A. Askew, L. Seymour, H. Scherm

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Tree canopies are architecturally complex and pose several challenges for measuring and character-izing spatial patterns of disease. Recently developed methods for fine-scale canopy mapping and three-dimensional spatial pattern analysis were applied in a 3-year study to characterize spatio-temporal development of pre-harvest brown rot of peach, caused by Monilinia fructicola, in 13 trees of different maturity classes. We observed a negative correlation between an index of disease aggregation and disease incidence in the same tree (r = −0.653, P < 0.0001), showing that trees with higher brown rot incidence had lower aggregation of affected fruit in their canopies. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) within-canopy aggregation among symptomatic fruit was most pronounced for early-maturing cultivars and/or early in the epidemic. This is consistent with the notion of a greater importance of localized, within-tree sources of inoculum at the beginning of the epidemic. Four of five trees having >10 blossom blight symptoms per tree showed a significant positive spatial association of pre-harvest fruit rot to blossom blight within the …

Modifying Lignin To Improve Bioenergy Feedstocks: Strengthening The Barrier Against Pathogens?, Scott E. Sattler, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Lignin is a ubiquitous polymer present in cell walls of all vascular plants, where it rigidifies and strengthens the cell wall structure through covalent cross-linkages to cell wall polysaccharides. The presence of lignin makes the cell wall recalcitrant to conversion into fermentable sugars for bioenergy uses.Therefore, reducing lignin content and modifying its linkages have become major targets for bioenergy feedstock development through either biotechnology or traditional plant breeding. In addition, lignin synthesis has long been implicated as an important plant defense mechanism against pathogens, because lignin synthesis is often induced at the site of pathogen attack. This article explores the …

Product Comparison Of Foliar Fungicide Efficacy On Diseases Of Field Corn In Nebraska, 2012, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide comparison trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. DeKalb corn hybrid DKC 64-83, rating of “good” (6 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), “very good” (4 out of 9) for common rust (CR), and “good” (5 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 26 Apr in 30-in. rows at a target population of 30,600 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Eleven treatments and a non-treated control were replicated six times in a randomized complete block design. …

Evaluation Of Application Timing On Stratego Yld Efficacy Of Field Corn In Nebraska, 2012, C. M. Schleicher, T. A. Jackson-Ziems

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A foliar fungicide timing trial was conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE. DeKalb corn hybrid DKC 64-83, rating of “good” (6 out of 9) for gray leaf spot (GLS), “very good” (4 out of 9) for common rust (CR), and “good” (5 out of 9) for southern rust (SR), was planted on 26 Apr in 30-in. rows at a target population of 30,600 plants/A. The trial area was disked with corn as the previous year’s crop. Five foliar fungicide treatments and a non-treated control were replicated six times in a randomized complete …