Horticulture Commons^™

Herbaceous Production Lost To Tree Encroachment In United States Rangelands, Scott L. Morford, Brady W. Allred, Dirac L. Twidwell Jr, Matthew O. Jones, Jeremy D. Maestas, Caleb P. Roberts, David E. Naugle

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

1. Rangelands of the United States provide ecosystem services that benefit society and rural economies. Native tree encroachment is often overlooked as a primary threat to rangelands due to the slow pace of tree cover expansion and the positive public perception of trees. Still, tree encroachment fragments these landscapes and reduces herbaceous production, thereby threatening habitat quality for grassland wildlife and the economic sustainability of animal agriculture.

2. Recent innovations in satellite remote sensing permit the tracking of tree encroachment and the corresponding impact on herbaceous production. We analysed tree cover change and herbaceous production across the western United States …

From Free-Energy Profiles To Activation Free Energies, Johannes C. Dietschreit, Dennis J. Diestler, Andreas Hulm, Christian Ochsenfeld, Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Given a chemical reaction going from reactant (R) to the product (P) on a potential energy surface (PES) and a collective variable (CV) discriminating between R and P, we define the free-energy profile (FEP) as the logarithm of the marginal Boltzmann distribution of the CV. This FEP is not a true free energy. Nevertheless, it is common to treat the FEP as the “free-energy” analog of the minimum potential energy path and to take the activation free energy, ΔF‡ _RP, as the difference between the maximum at the transition state and the minimum at R. We show that this …

A Yield Comparison Between Small-Plot And On-Farm Foliar Fungicide Trials In Soybean And Maize, Anabelle Laurent, Emily Heaton, Peter Kyveryga, David Makowski, Laila A. Puntel, Alison E. Robertson, Laura J. Thompson, Fernando Miguez

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agronomic research provides management recommendations based on small-plot trials (SPTs) and on-farm trials (OFTs) with very different characteristics. SPTs are traditionally conducted at agricultural experiment stations by research institutes or universities, while OFTs are conducted under commercial-scale conditions and managed by farmers using their own equipment. Several researchers claimed that discrepancies could occur between these two types of trials, which can make the extrapolation of results from SPTs to the farm level difficult. In our study, we conducted an extensive comparison of small-plot and on-farm trials to analyze the effect of foliar fungicide application on maize and soybean yields. We …

Snp Discovery In Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.) Using Lowpass Genome Sequencing, Rituraj Khound, Guangchao Sun, Ravi V. Mural, James C. Schnable, Dipak K. Santra

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Domesticated ~10,000 years ago in northern China, Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a climate-resilient and human health-promoting cereal crop. The genome size of this self-pollinated allotetraploid is 923 Mb. Proso millet seeds are an important part of the human diet in many countries. In the USA, its use is restricted to the birdseed and pet food market. Proso millet is witnessing gradual demand in the global human health and wellness food market owing to its health-promoting properties such as low glycemic index and gluten-free. The breeding efforts for developing improved proso millet cultivars are hindered by the …

Analysis Effect Of Shade Level On The Physiological And Anatomical Characteristics Of Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid At The Acclimatization Stage, Ade Arisma Fauziah, Nintya Setiari, Endang Saptiningsih

Jurnal Kultivasi

Production of hybrid Phalaenopsis seedlings is generally applied by in vitro culture techniques. The final stage of in vitro culture is acclimatization. The acclimatization stage is crucial because the plantlets must adapt to the ex-vitro environment. Shade supports plantlet growth during the early stages of acclimatization. This study aims to determine the effect of shade level on the physiological and anatomical characteristics of the Phalaenopsis hybrid orchid at the acclimatization stage. The research used Phalaenopsis plantlet hybrid and shading level. Plantlets were shaded at 40%, 55%, and 70%. Parameters measured included: photosynthetic pigment content, number and area of leaves, number …

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Organik Dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Dari Ekstrak Jagung Terhadap Koefisien Sidik Lintas Karakter Komponen Hasil Bawang Merah Varietas Bima, Asrijal, Ambo Upe

Jurnal Kultivasi

Produksi dan produktivitas bawang merah dapat ditingkatkan melalui pemberian pupuk organik dan zat pengatur tumbuh dari ekstrak jagung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakter yang efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil umbi bawang merah per hektar. Metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Petak Terpisah (RPPT). dengan perlakuan dua jenis ekstrak (jagung manis dan jagung putih) sebagai Petak Utama, tiga jenis dosis pupuk organik sebagai Anak Petak, dan empat jenis konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh dari ekstrak jagung sebagai Anak Anak Petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diameter umbi dan hasil umbi per rumpun merupakan dua karakter yang berpengaruh positif sangat nyata terhadap hasil umbi bawang merah …

Uji Kemampuan Bakteri Diazotrof Asal Perakaran Bawang Merah Dalam Mendukung Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah, Ananda Rahmalia Yuniarti, Eny Rokhminarsih, Purwanto

Jurnal Kultivasi

Budidaya tanaman bawang merah saat ini dihadapkan pada masalah stagnasi produksi akibat aplikasi pupuk kimia secara berlebihan sehngga efisiensi pemupukan rendah. Teknologi ramah lingkungan dan efisien pupuk dengan aplikasi bioteknologi melalui aplikasi bakteri berguna seperti bakteri penambat nitrogen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui respons pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terhadap bakteri diazotrof, (2) menetapkan isolat bakteri diazotrof yang paling baik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2021 sampai April 2021. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Rumah Kassa serta Laboratorium Agronomi dan Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok …

Application Of Organic Fertilizers For Lawn Establishment And Maintenance In Louisiana, Matthew Lambert

LSU Master's Theses

Landscape contractors are increasingly interested in organic products for Louisiana's residential and commercial turfgrass areas. However, the use, motivations, and barriers to adopting organic practices in the commercial turfgrass and landscape industry are undocumented. A survey with Louisiana Turfgrass Association (LTA) members to gauge their perceptions on current and future use of organic products in Louisiana was performed; and a field trial was conducted to evaluate organic fertilizers during turfgrass establishment. Substantial majorities of turfgrass professionals are currently applying organic fertilizers and believe organic product use will increase due to consumer demands, potential governmental regulation, and the belief that they …

Respons Anggrek Dendrobium Terhadap Perbedaan Naungan Dan Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh, Adinda Cikal Amalia, Syariful Mubarok, Anne Nuraini

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tanaman anggrek banyak digemari oleh masyarakat karena keanekaragamannya. Jenis anggrek yang paling populer adalah Dendrobium sp. Namun pertumbuhan tanaman anggrek cenderung lambat karena masa juvenil yang lama dan proses fotosintesis yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, upaya percepatan proses pertumbuhan sangat diperlukan. Salah satunya adalah aplikasi naungan dan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan persentase naungan dan jenis ZPT terbaik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan Dendrobium. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2020 hingga Januari 2021 di Screenhouse, Kebun Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdiri dari sepuluh taraf perlakuan kombinasi antara …

Nebline, August/September 2022

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Nutrition Security: A New National Focus by Emily Gratopp

Recipe of the Month: Starwberry Smoothie and Freezer Pop by Emily Gratopp

Harvesting & Drying Herbs by Sarah Browning

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

Water Play Fun by Hayley Jackson

Controlling Poison Hemlock by Melissa Bartels

Summer Brings Singing Cicadas by Kait Chapman

4-H Announcements for Enrolled 4-H'ers or 4-H Volunteers

Lancaster County Super Fair, July 28-Aug. 6, 2022

4-H Will Livestream from the Fair! YouTube

Join 4-H!

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Sonja Moore and Lancaster County Engineering Department

4-H Teen Council Invites New Members

4-H Council Golf …

Effects Of Shade Nets On Microclimatic Conditions, Growth, Fruit Yield, And Quality Of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.): A Case Study In Carnarvon, Western Australia, Giao N. Nguyen, Neil Lantzke, Andrew Van Burgel

Horticulture Research Articles

Carnarvon has a hot, semi-arid climate with high temperatures and solar radiation during spring–summer, which damages crops and limits the production season for the local vegetable industry. Protective cultivation is one of the promising approaches to mitigate these adverse weather conditions and avoid the resulting damage to vegetable crops. This study, which is part of the protected cropping research program for vegetable crops in Western Australia, was conducted to understand how the shade nets of a protective net house modify the microenvironment affecting the growth, physiology, and fruit yield of eggplants, a model vegetable crop. The eggplant crop was grown …

Genetic Dissection Of Nitrogen Induced Changes In The Shoot And Root Biomass Of Spinach, Vijay Joshi, Ainong Shi, Amit Kumar Mishra, Haramrit Gill, James Dipiazza

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Efficient partitioning of above and below-ground biomass in response to nitrogen (N) is critical to the productivity of plants under sub-optimal conditions. It is particularly essential in vegetable crops like spinach with shallow root systems, a short growth cycle, and poor nitrogen use efficiency. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to explore N-induced changes using spinach accessions with diverse genetic backgrounds. We evaluated phenotypic variations as percent changes in the shoot and root biomass in response to N using 201 spinach accessions grown in randomized complete blocks design in a soilless media under a controlled environment. …

The Genetic Basis For Panicle Trait Variation In Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum), Li Zhang, Alice Macqueen, Xiaoyu Weng, Kathrine D. Behrman, Jason Bonnette, John L. Reilley, Francis M. Rouquette, Philip A. Fay, Yanqi Wu, Felix B. Fritschi, Robert B. Mitchell, David B. Lowry, Arvid R. Boe, Thomas E. Juenger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Key message: We investigate the genetic basis of panicle architecture in switchgrass in two mapping populations across a latitudinal gradient, and find many stable, repeatable genetic effects and limited genetic interactions with the environment. Abstract: Grass species exhibit large diversity in panicle architecture influenced by genes, the environment, and their interaction. The genetic study of panicle architecture in perennial grasses is limited. In this study, we evaluate the genetic basis of panicle architecture including panicle length, primary branching number, and secondary branching number in an outcrossed switchgrass QTL population grown across ten field sites in the central USA through multi-environment …

Characterization And Selection Of Hop Cultivars Adapted To Nebraska, Kristina Alas

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is an ingredient in the beer brewing industry that provides beer its flavor and aroma. High demand from the brewing industry has encouraged production outside of the traditional Pacific Northwest, the primary production region. Producers in the Midwest are attempting to grow cultivars adapted to the Pacific Northwest, but environmental differences have caused low yields and changes in secondary metabolite content. To aid producers, a regional breeding program was initiated to develop cultivars adapted to the Midwest. Success of any breeding program relies on the selection of genetically superior parents to generate progeny with the …

Identifying Temporal Sensitivity Of Poinsettia Flowering To High Temperatures, Paul Millar

All Theses

High temperatures can cause delayed flowering in poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch), a phenomenon known in the industry as heat delay. The poinsettia wholesale market is concentrated to a relatively brief period from early-November through early-December putting growers at risk to heat delay. This problem is compounded by the unusual weather patterns created by climate change. The objective of this thesis was to identify periods in which poinsettia flowering is sensitive to high temperatures. First, the weeks within the growing season when the plants were sensitive to high temperatures were identified (Chpt. 2). Then within those sensitive weeks, …

The Influence Of Water Stress And Rootstocks On Nutrient Uptake And Gas Exchange Of Young Peach Trees, Naif Alshammari

All Theses

Young peach trees are often rainfed in the southeastern U.S. and periods of dry weather can cause tree water deficit that can be detrimental to orchard productivity. There is a lack of understanding of the influence of water regimes and rootstocks on the nutritional status and gas exchange of the peach tree. Most peach growers in Southeastern United States do not irrigate their young peach trees because they do not produce fruit until the third leaf. In this region, peach growers use Guardian as a rootstock, although MP-29 is also interesting for growers with orchards that have Armillaria root rot …

Dahlia Mosaic Virus On Dahlia, Savannah Gleeson, Melanie Stock, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

Dahlias are economically important crops in the cut flower industry, which is growing rapidly in US Mountain West. Dahlia stems can be sold at $4 to $5 each on wholesale markets, as locally produced dahlias are particularly sought after by florists due to their higher quality and longer vase life than imports. There are many different varieties of dahlias, and they can all be impacted by Dahlia Mosaic Virus (DMV), a widespread viral disease. DMV is causing significant losses in quality and yield of dahlias. This fact sheet details the symptoms, disease cycle, and management.

Environmental Weed Risk Assessment Protocol For Growing Non-Indigenous Plants In The Western Australian Rangelands, Geoff A. Moore Mr, Christine Munday Ms, Papori Barua Dr

Bulletins 4000 -

This bulletin is a post-border environmental weed risk assessment (WRA) protocol which is based on the Environmental WRA Protocol developed for the Future Farm Industries Co-operative Research Centre (FFI CRC), but with some changes to reflect the different environment and objectives.

The WRA protocol was developed specifically as a post-border assessment of non-indigenous species that may have agricultural value in the WA rangelands and the risk that they may become environmental weeds. Weeds can occur in many land-use systems including agriculture, horticulture and forestry; however, the focus of this protocol is on the risk that non-indigenous agricultural plants may become …

Mycorrhizae In Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cropping Systems Respond Differently To Nitrogen Fertilization Under Increasing Crop Rotational Diversity, Morgan R. Mcpherson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) remain a vital obligate symbiont of nearly all plants. It is well established that the symbiosis between AMF and host plant improves plant nutrient acquisition, alleviates abiotic and biotic environmental stressors, defends against plant pathogens, and contributes to overall plant fitness and productivity through modification of the soil habitat. Modifications include increased soil aggregation and stability, carbon sequestration through provision of fungal wall precursors to soil organic matter (SOM) formation, and enhanced nutrient cycling in the mycorrhizosphere. The goal of this dissertation was to assess how AMF respond to nitrogen (N) fertilization regimes in maize cropping …

Investigating Hops Production In Arkansas To Support Specialty Crop Growth, James Oliver Mcclellan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) is a perennial, climbing species within the Cannabaceae family that produces cones used for brewing. Hops are grown worldwide. In the United States most hops production occurs in the Pacific Northwest, but growth in the craft beer industry is driving efforts for hops production in other U.S. regions. Recommendations on hops cultivar suitability, fertility, and management are needed for the U.S. mid-south region. Objectives of this research on Arkansas-grown hops were to 1) assess the impact of cultivar and fertility rate on plant and cone attributes of six cultivars of Arkansas-grown hops and 2) …