Sunflower Pollinators In South Dakota: An Evaluation Of Species Composition, Abundance And Influence On Yield,
2019
South Dakota State University
Sunflower Pollinators In South Dakota: An Evaluation Of Species Composition, Abundance And Influence On Yield, Mackenzie Mattern
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In 2017 and 2018, South Dakota was the largest producer of sunflowers, Helianthus annuus L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) in the US, grossing approximately $178 million per year. In South Dakota, both confection and oilseed sunflower cultivars are grown. Despite breeding efforts to increase sunflower's ability to self-pollinate there is evidence that pollinator visitation results in increased sunflower yields. In addition, there is evidence that sunflower pollen is beneficial for pathogen resistance in various bee species, suggesting the importance of a mutualistic relationship between pollinators and sunflowers. In some areas, observed increases in sunflower yield is attributed to the presence of Apis …
Letter From The Dean,
2019
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Letter From The Dean, Deacue Fields
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
A Message From The Associate Dean Of The Honors College And Co-Chair Of The Service Learning Initiative,
2019
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
A Message From The Associate Dean Of The Honors College And Co-Chair Of The Service Learning Initiative, Jennie Popp
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 20 2019,
2019
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 20 2019, Several Authors
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Recovering Our Roots: The Importance Of Salish Ethnobotanical Knowledge And Traditional Food Systems To Community Wellbeing On The Flathead Indian Reservation In Montana.,
2019
University of Montana, Missoula
Recovering Our Roots: The Importance Of Salish Ethnobotanical Knowledge And Traditional Food Systems To Community Wellbeing On The Flathead Indian Reservation In Montana., Mitchell Rose Bear Don't Walk
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis provides a culturally-comprehensive review of the plants utilized for food in the Bitterroot Salish tribe of northwestern Montana. As part of the larger Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes (CS&KT) of the Flathead Indian Reservation, the Bitterroot Salish historically utilized hundreds of plants for food, medicine and hygiene. This thesis aims to highlight food plants and their important cultural components. The information herein is a combination of history, ethnography, linguistics, ethnobotany, and first-hand experience with the current Salish community to provide a holistic framework of understanding traditional food plants today. A comprehensive plant list is provided with Latin, Salish …
Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community Assembly On Seedlings Of A Neotropical Monodominant Tree,
2019
Cal Poly Humboldt
Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community Assembly On Seedlings Of A Neotropical Monodominant Tree, Carolyn Delevich
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
Formation of ectomycorrhizae may facilitate early seedling survival of ectomycorrhizal tree species due to enhanced nutrient acquisition. This could be especially important in heavily shaded understories of tropical monodominant forests where host plant photosynthetic capacity is limited. Little information is available on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal colonization or community development of monodominant seedling cohorts, which have high survival rates. Following a 2016 mast seeding event, we sequentially measured percent colonization and species composition of ECM fungi on live and recently dead seedlings of the tropical monodominant tree Dicymbe corymbosa. We also compared seedling ECM fungi to those of nearby adult …
Stoichiometric Homeostasis In Two Native And Two Invasive South Dakotan Grasses,
2019
South Dakota State University
Stoichiometric Homeostasis In Two Native And Two Invasive South Dakotan Grasses, Joshua Thonas Harvey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increased nutrient availability has been widely linked to the success of invasive plants, however a general mechanism explaining these observations is lacking. Stoichiometric homeostasis (H), which is the regulation of internal nutrient concentrations, has been used to explain changes in plant community diversity under alterations in nutrient availability. One hypothesis holds that plants with high regulation (larger H) decrease in abundance in nutrient enriched conditions but are stable in nutrient deficient and drought conditions, likely due to extensive root systems. Additionally, plants with low regulation (lower H) increase in abundance under nutrient enriched conditions but are sensitive to drought …
Genetic Characterization Of Orobanche Cumana Populations From The Thrace Region Of Turkey Using Microsatellite Markers,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Genetic Characterization Of Orobanche Cumana Populations From The Thrace Region Of Turkey Using Microsatellite Markers, Behi̇ye Banu Bi̇lgen, Ahmet Kubi̇lay Barut, Sefer Demi̇rbaş
Turkish Journal of Botany
Orobanche cumana is a parasitic plant that can lead to advanced losses in yield of agricultural lands cultivating sunflower, depending on the sunflower varieties and the level of contamination. In our study, genetic diversity of six O. cumana populations from the Thrace region of Turkey was determined with the help of eight SSR (microsatellite) loci. All SSR loci were polymorphic. A total of 23 alleles were determined for the analyzed 120 samples. Allele number of each SSR locus ranged from two to six. Mean number of alleles (Na = 2.271), effective allele number (Ne = 1.667), Shannon?s information index (I …
Effect Of Some Immunomodulators And Zeatin On Susceptibility Of Wheat To Powdery Mildew,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Some Immunomodulators And Zeatin On Susceptibility Of Wheat To Powdery Mildew, Alexander Babosha
Turkish Journal of Botany
The effects of zeatin, salicylic acid, and plant oligoadenylates on susceptibility of wheat seedlings to powdery mildew and the shape of dose-response curves for immunomodulation were studied. Salicylic acid and zeatin produced complex dose-responses with upregulation or downregulation of plant susceptibility. Under different experimental conditions, the dose-response curve for zeatin varied in shape from a curve with a maximum to a curve with a minimum of susceptibility to powdery mildew. More complicated curves with a resistance region framed with regions of increased susceptibility were also found. Plant oligoadenylates inhibited the development of powdery mildew at optimal concentrations. The increasing concentrations …
Phylogenetic Placement, Floral Anatomy, And Morphological Characterization Of The North African Pastoral Halophyte Atriplex Mollis Desf. (Amaranthaceae), Abderrazak Tlili, Imed Sbissi, Faycal Boughalleb, Hassen Gouja, Teresa Garnatje, Joan Vallès, Mohamed Neffati
Turkish Journal of Botany
Atriplex mollis Desf. (Amaranthaceae), a North African endemic halophytic species, is further described in this study. Phylogenetic analysis based on a combined dataset of ITS and ETS rDNA and atpB-rbcL and trnK cpDNA showed that A. mollis is closely related to the Malta- and Gozo-endemic Cremnophyton lanfrancoi Brullo & Pavone. Given this close phylogenetic relationship, A. mollis is also considered among the oldest species of Atriplex, together with C. lanfrancoi. Molecular data also suggest that A. mollis in North Africa, C. lanfrancoi on Malta Island, and Atriplex cana Ledeb.in Eurasian semideserts constitute a separate clade within the tribe Atripliceae. As …
Contributions To The Hypericum L. Section Oligostema (Boiss.) Stef. (Hypericaceae), And Hypericum Turcicum Sp. Nov. As A New Species From Turkey, Mehmet Ufuk Özbek, Murat Koç, Ergi̇n Hamzaoğlu
Turkish Journal of Botany
Hypericum turcicum (Hypericaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Beypazarı in Ankara Province in Northwest Anatolia, Turkey. The new species belongs to the section Oligostema, and it is closely related to H. aucheri. Diagnostic characters, description, detailed illustrations, ecology, and pollen and seed morphology are presented in this study. In addition, this study evaluates H. kazdaghense, which was previously accepted as a synonym of H. aucheri, as a distinct species and discusses the similarities and differences between H. turcicum and H. aucheri.
Regulation Of Boron Toxicity Responses Via Glutathione-Dependent Detoxification Pathways At Biochemical And Molecular Levels In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Doğa Seli̇n Kayihan, Ceyhun Kayihan, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇
Turkish Journal of Botany
The fine-tuned regulation of the Halliwell-Asada cycle (ascorbate-glutathione pathway) in Arabidopsis thaliana under boron (B) toxicity was shown in our previous report. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of some members of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily, such as phi (GSTF2, GSTF6, GSTF7, and GSTF8), tau (GSTU19), and zeta (GSTZ1) classes in Arabidopsis thaliana that were exposed to 1 mM boric acid (1B) and 3 mM boric acid (3B). Additionally, the expression levels of genes for glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatin biosynthesis as well as miR169 and miR156 were evaluated in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to 1B and 3B. Moreover, …
Unraveling The Influence Of Female Flowering Characteristics And Chemical Hybridizing Agent Formulations On Hybrid Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Seed Production,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Unraveling The Influence Of Female Flowering Characteristics And Chemical Hybridizing Agent Formulations On Hybrid Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Seed Production, Hannah K. Stoll
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The success of hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is largely limited by inefficiencies in seed production. This research aims to address these inefficiencies by examining various Chemical Hybridizing Agent (CHA) formulations using the chemical Croisor®100 on sterility, CHA damage, and female flowering characteristics. In addition, an efficient method of phenotyping female flowering characteristics (contributing factors in hybrid production seed yield) were identified using Stepwise Regression, ANCOVA, and Pearson R-Correlations, and duration of stigma receptivity in the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS; Triticum timopheevii Zhuk.) background was determined. At an optimally timed spray application, including a moderate rate of CHA with …
Greenhouse Aquaponics: Custom Aquaponic Systems At Home,
2019
University of Arkansas
Greenhouse Aquaponics: Custom Aquaponic Systems At Home, Jesse L. Blanchard, David G. Hyatt, Jennie Popp, Leah English
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Taking advantage of inherent natural systems, aquaponic practices hold the potential to serve as an educational, sustainable, and profitable hobby for home gardeners facing common constraints such as temperature, space, and pests. The goal of this research was to assess the feasibility of implementing a small scale (4,542-liter) home -based aquaponic system in a small (48.768 square meter) greenhouse to produce fresh produce and fish protein. System construction and maintenance costs were compared to the value of crops and fish produced to determine whether this aquaponic system is a feasible option for the home grower. It was hypothesized that this …
Impact Of Selected Infrared Wavelengths On Inactivation Of Microbes On Rough Rice,
2019
University of Arkansas
Impact Of Selected Infrared Wavelengths On Inactivation Of Microbes On Rough Rice, Rebecca L. Bowie, Griffiths Atungulu, Abass Oduola, Shantae Wilson, Zeinab Mohammadi-Shad
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Formation of harmful microbes and their associated mycotoxins on rough rice during storage presents negative socioeconomic impacts to producers and consumers. The objective for this study was to investigate the impact of treating rough rice with selected infrared (IR) wavelengths at different IR intensities and heating durations, followed by a tempering step for further inactivation of microbes (mold and bacteria) on the grain. Freshly-harvested long-grain, hybrid, rough rice (XL 745) with initial moisture content (IMC) of 18.4% wet basis (w.b.) was used. Two-hundred grams (200 g) samples of rice were treated at different IR wavelengths (λ), 3.2, 4.5, and 5.8 …
Determination Of Optimum Harvest Date For Winter Malting Quality Barley In Northwest Arkansas,
2019
University of Arkansas
Determination Of Optimum Harvest Date For Winter Malting Quality Barley In Northwest Arkansas, Paul Wolf, David Moon, Richard Esten Mason
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Due to the strict quality requirements, only 10% of worldwide barley is used for malting, though malting quality barley comes with a price increase of up to 50% or greater. With the craft brewery industry growing in Northwest Arkansas there is a growing demand for locally sourced malt quality barley. However, data are lacking regarding production practices for barley in Arkansas. The optimal harvest date for malting quality barley is at physiological maturity. This is because many of the malting traits (such as germination energy) decline as harvest is delayed, which make it difficult to meet the criteria for malting …
Improvement Of Biomass Production In Transgenic Melia Azedarach L. Plants By Theexpression Of A Ga20-Oxidase Gene,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Improvement Of Biomass Production In Transgenic Melia Azedarach L. Plants By Theexpression Of A Ga20-Oxidase Gene, Thao Phuong Bui, Linh Khanh Ly, Phat Tien Do, Nhung Hong Nguyen, Phong Van Nguyen, Quang Ho Tran, Ngoc Bich Pham, Ha Hoang Chu
Turkish Journal of Botany
Melia azedarach L. is a multipurpose timber tree that is important in forestry plantations. Genetic modification to improve the growth rate and wood quality is important to produce new cultivars of M. azedarach. In this study, the effects of AtGA20ox gene expression on plant growth, wood formation, and biomass production in transgenic M. azedarach plants were investigated. AtGA20ox was inserted into the binary vector pBI101 under the control of the xylem specific promoter CAD4 and transferred to M. azedarach via Agrobacterium-mediated method. The integration and expression of the transgenes were confirmed using PCR, RT-PCR, and Southern blotting. The specificity of …
A New Subspecies Of Saxifraga Artvinensis V.A.Matthews (Saxifragaceae) From Northeastern Anatolia,
2019
TÜBİTAK
A New Subspecies Of Saxifraga Artvinensis V.A.Matthews (Saxifragaceae) From Northeastern Anatolia, Sali̇h Terzi̇oğlu, Kami̇l Çoşkunçelebi̇, Murat Erdem Güzel
Turkish Journal of Botany
Saxifraga artvinensis V.A.Matthews, which is endemic to Turkey, was discovered on Tiryal Mountain (A8 Artvin, northeastern Turkey). Approximately 175 km from its type locality, a new population of the species was discovered, in the Picea orientalis forest in the Altındere Valley National Park, in A7 Trabzon (northeastern Turkey). A comparison with the known population of S. artvinensis confirmed that this new population represented a new taxon and is described as S. artvinensis subsp. meryemii Terzioğlu & Coşkunç. An identification key and comparison with closely related taxa, based on both morphological and molecular properties, are also provided. The studied samples, belonging …
Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude In The Aegean Region Of Turkey,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude In The Aegean Region Of Turkey, İsmai̇l Şen, Hakan Alli
Turkish Journal of Botany
The Tricholoma biodiversity of the Aegean region of Turkey has been determined and reported in this study. As a consequence of field and laboratory studies, 31 Tricholoma species have been identified, and five of them (T. filamentosum, T. frondosae, T. quercetorum, T. rufenum, and T. sudum) have been reported for the first time from Turkey. The identification key of the determined taxa is given with this study.
The Application Of Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) For A Green Economy: A Review,
2019
TÜBİTAK
The Application Of Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) For A Green Economy: A Review, Tahseen Karche, Manager Rajdeo Singh
Turkish Journal of Botany
The concern for the issues related to the growing needs of human civilization like resource depletion, pollution, climate changes, and health risk has led to a search for eco-friendly alternatives to environmental problems. Recently, hemp started gaining popularity for its medicinal, nontoxic, greenhouse negative, and biodegradable properties. Originating from the steppes of Central Asia, Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) is one of the oldest domesticated plants known to humans. Since 5000-4000 BC, different parts of the plant were used for spinning, weaving, papermaking, the seed for human feed, animal feeds, medicinal, and health purposes. Reports also suggest the use of hemp …
