Potassium Fertilization Mitigates The Adverse Effects Of Drought On Selected Zea Mays Cultivars,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Potassium Fertilization Mitigates The Adverse Effects Of Drought On Selected Zea Mays Cultivars, Lixin Zhang, Mei Gao, Shengxiu Li, Ashok Kumar Alva, Muhammad Ashraf
Turkish Journal of Botany
In the present study, the role of potassium (K) in mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress (DS) on 2 maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, 'Shaandan 9' (S_{9}; drought-tolerant) and 'Shaandan 911' (S_{911}; drought-sensitive), was assessed. K application increased dry matter (DM) across all growth stages and grain yield (GY) in both cultivars under DS, but not under control conditions. Drought-tolerant cultivar S_9 was superior to drought-sensitive cultivar S_{911} under DS in terms of DM and GY regardless of K addition. Additionally, K application increased relative water content, nitrate reductase activity, and concentrations of potassium ion, free proline, soluble protein, …
Biochemical Responses Of Triticale Plants Treated With Uv-B Irradiation And Nutrient Solution Enriched With Humic Acids,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Biochemical Responses Of Triticale Plants Treated With Uv-B Irradiation And Nutrient Solution Enriched With Humic Acids, Dessislava Todorova, Iskren Sergiev, Irina Moskova, Zornitsa Katerova, Nina Georgieva, Vera Alexieva, Ida Brambilla, Sergio Mapelli
Turkish Journal of Botany
A natural substance extracted from coal with humic acids as its active ingredients, namely Biomin, was added to nutrient medium and applied to triticale roots 3 days prior to UV-B irradiation treatment. UV-B treatment increased malondialdehyde and anthocyanin contents and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, while it decreased chlorophyll content, fresh weight, and shoot length. Catalase and total phenolics content did not change in UV-B-treated shoots. The pretreatment with Biomin showed favorable effects on growth, decreased the oxidative damage provoked by UV-B irradiation, increased the content of UV-B-absorbing compounds, and positively influenced enzymatic activities. The application of Biomin …
Bryophyte Flora Of Erciyes Mountain In Turkey, With 6 Bryophyte Records From The Country,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Bryophyte Flora Of Erciyes Mountain In Turkey, With 6 Bryophyte Records From The Country, Recep Kara, Tülay Ezer, Merve Can Gözcü, Şadi̇ye Gül Bozdoğan
Turkish Journal of Botany
In this study, the bryophyte flora of Erciyes Mountain was investigated. In total, 244 taxa were found in this area. Of these, 9 families, 9 genera, and 11 taxa belong to liverworts and 25 families, 72 genera, and 233 taxa belong to mosses. According to Henderson's grid-square system, 138 bryophyte taxa for the B8 square are new records. Among them, Leiocolea heterocolpos (Thed. ex Hartm.) H.Buch., Scapania obscura (Arn. & Jens.) Schiffn., Schistidium pulchrum H.H.Blom., Tortula lingulata Lindb., Bryum knowltonii Barnes, and Brachythecium capillaceum (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Giacom are new records for the bryophyte flora of Turkey. Polytrichastrum sexangulare (Brid.) …
Flower Closure In The Field Bindweed (Convolvulus Arvensis): A Field Test Of The Pollination Hypothesis,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Flower Closure In The Field Bindweed (Convolvulus Arvensis): A Field Test Of The Pollination Hypothesis, Pavol Prokop, Dominika Neupauerova
Turkish Journal of Botany
Although the behavioral plasticity of flower traits has received considerable attention, its adaptive value is not thoroughly understood. We experimentally examined flower opening/closure in field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), a species with short flower persistence (1 day) in which adaptive responses to pollination were not previously expected. In line with the pollination hypothesis we suggested that flower exposure in this species should respond to pollination. More specifically, we predicted that flower closure in the pollinated flowers would be quicker than that in unpollinated flowers. As predicted, the unpollinated flowers were open for a longer time than the pollinated flowers. There was …
Macromycetes Determined In Yomra (Trabzon) District,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Macromycetes Determined In Yomra (Trabzon) District, Ilgaz Akata, Yasi̇n Uzun, Abdullah Kaya
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study was carried out on macrofungi samples collected from Yomra district during 2007-2012, and 236 taxa belonging to 58 families were identified. Crocicreas cyathoideum (Bull.) S.E.Carp., Phaeohelotium fagineum (Pers.) Hengstm., and Dacrymyces chrysospermus Berk. & M.A.Curtis are recorded for the first time from Turkey. Calyptella capula (Holmsk.) Quél., Campanella caesia Romagn., and Guepiniopsis buccina (Pers.) L.L.Kenn. are the first members of the genera Calyptella Quél., Campanella Henn., and Guepiniopsis Pat. respectively, in Turkey.
The Colchic Region As Refuge For Relict Tree Lineages: Cryptic Speciation In Field Maples,
2014
TÜBİTAK
The Colchic Region As Refuge For Relict Tree Lineages: Cryptic Speciation In Field Maples, Guido W. Grimm, Thomas Denk
Turkish Journal of Botany
ITS sequences from isolated populations of Acer in the Colchic region allow direct assumptions about the origin, evolution, and radiation of one of the most abundant West Eurasian tree species, Acer campestre L., the field maple. We inferred the molecular evolution of the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of the nuclear-encoded 35S rDNA cistron in Acer campestre using a range of methods including sequence- and distance-based phylogenetic networks and motif analyses. The data basis for our inference are 344 sequenced clones from 51 individuals of A. campestre, essentially covering the modern distribution range of the species, and 27 individuals …
Nonsense-Mediated Decay Of Sucrose Synthase 1 Mrna With Induced Premature Chain Termination Codon During Cold Acclimation In Winter Wheat, Rita Armoniene, Gintaras Brazauskas
Turkish Journal of Botany
Cold acclimation induces the expression of cold-regulated genes needed to protect plants against freezing damage. Fourteen candidate genes were identified as being differentially expressed (presence/absence) between cold acclimated and nonacclimated crown and leaf tissues of 2 winter wheat lines using the cDNA-AFLP method. Two TILLING populations originating from the 2 winter wheat lines were further developed in order to create mutant forms of the candidate genes to verify their role in freezing-tolerance formation. Exon 8 of the identified differentially expressed sucrose synthase 1 (Ss1) gene was chosen for mutation detection by high-resolution melting analysis. A total of 75.68 kb of …
Identification And Characterization Of A Seed-Specific Grapevine Dehydrin Involved In Abiotic Stress Response Within Tolerant Varieties, Mohsen Hanana, Samia Daldoul, Romain Fouquet, Laurent Deluc, Celine Leon, Michael Hoefer, Francois Barrieu, Abdelwahed Ghorbel
Turkish Journal of Botany
To identify and isolate genes related to abiotic stress (salinity and drought) tolerance in grapevine, a candidate gene approach led to the isolation from Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar of a full-length cDNA of dehydrin gene. The latter, named VvDhn, which is highly and mainly induced in late embryogenesis in seeds, encodes for a protein of 124 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 13.3 kDa. Details of the physicochemical parameters and structural properties (molecular mass, secondary structure, conserved domains and motives, and putative posttranslational modification sites) of the encoded protein have also been elucidated. The expression study of VvDhn was …
Patterns Of Phylogeography And Vicariance Of Chamaerops Humilis L. (Palmae),
2014
TÜBİTAK
Patterns Of Phylogeography And Vicariance Of Chamaerops Humilis L. (Palmae), Juan Luis García-Castaño, Anass Terrab, María Ángeles Ortiz, Tod Falor Stuessy, Salvador Talavera
Turkish Journal of Botany
Chamaerops humilis L. is 1 of 2 native palms occurring in Europe and the only native palm in the West Mediterranean region. Our aims were: (1) to describe its phylogeographic structure; (2) to infer a biogeographic scenario to explain its present distribution; and (3) to assess changes in its distribution from the last interglacial period. Twenty-two populations were sampled. An amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis produced 226 fragments, which allowed recognition of 4 groups of populations: (1) E Iberian Peninsula plus Al Hoceima (NE Morocco), the Balearics, and Sardinia; (2) France, the Italian Peninsula, and Sicily; (3) SW Iberian Peninsula …
Different Meal, Same Flavor: Cospeciation And Host Switching Of Haemosporidian Parasites In Some Non-Passerine Birds,
2014
University of Missouri–St. Louis
Different Meal, Same Flavor: Cospeciation And Host Switching Of Haemosporidian Parasites In Some Non-Passerine Birds, Diego Santiago-Alarcon, Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro, Patricia Parker, Robert Ricklefs
Biology Department Faculty Works
BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that haemosporidian parasites (Haemoproteus(Parahaemoproteus) and Plasmodium) infecting passerine birds have an evolutionary history of host switching with little cospeciation, in particular at low taxonomic levels (e.g., below the family level), which is suggested as the main speciation mechanism of this group of parasites. Recent studies have characterized diverse clades of haemosporidian parasites (H. (Haemoproteus) and H. (Parahaemoproteus)) infecting non-passerine birds (e.g., Columbiformes, Pelecaniiformes). Here, we explore the cospeciation history of H. (Haemoproteus) and H. (Parahaemoproteus) parasites with their non-passerine hosts.MethodsWe sequenced the mtDNA cyt b gene of both haemosporidian parasites and their avian non-passerine hosts. We …
Overexpression Of Patatin‐Related Phospholipase Aiii Δ Altered Plant Growth And Increased Seed Oil Content In Camelina,
2014
University of Missouri-St. Louis
Overexpression Of Patatin‐Related Phospholipase Aiii Δ Altered Plant Growth And Increased Seed Oil Content In Camelina, Xuemin Wang
Biology Department Faculty Works
Camelina sativa is a Brassicaceae oilseed species being explored as a biofuel and industrial oil crop. A growing number of studies have indicated that the turnover of phosphatidylcholine plays an important role in the synthesis and modification of triacylglycerols. This study manipulated the expression of a patatin‐related phospholipase AIIIδ (pPLAIII δ) in camelina to determine its effect on seed oil content and plant growth. Constitutive overexpression of pPLAIII δ under the control of the constitutive cauliflower mosaic 35S promoter resulted in a significant increase in seed oil content and a decrease in cellulose content. In addition, the content of major …
Identifying Promising New Falcata Alfalfa Populations For Use In Semiarid Rangelands,
2014
South Dakota State University
Identifying Promising New Falcata Alfalfa Populations For Use In Semiarid Rangelands, Derek Kannenberg
The Journal of Undergraduate Research
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a valuable crop worldwide. In addition to its use as forage, the nitrogen fixation capabilities of root nodules make it a valuable component for improving soil health. Unfortunately, the semi-arid region of the Northern Great Plains introduces a number of environmental stresses that are detrimental to stand establishment and persistence. The ability to produce adventitious shoots from roots is generally considered a favorable trait for increasing stress resistance. This study aimed to identify alfalfa populations possessing the ability to produce adventitious shoot from root segments. Seven Plant Introductions (PIs), selected from the National Plant …
Contents,
2014
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Contents, Discovery Editors
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Shattercane X Als-Tolerant Sorghum F1 Hybrid And Shattercane Interference In Als-Tolerant Sorghum,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Shattercane X Als-Tolerant Sorghum F1 Hybrid And Shattercane Interference In Als-Tolerant Sorghum, Rodrigo Werle, Jared J. Schmidt, John Laborde, Angela Tran, Cody F. Creech, John L. Lindquist
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
ALS-tolerant grain sorghum cultivars are expected to be available for farmers within the next few years. Knowing that: (i) crosses between sorghum and shattercane are likely to occur resulting in crop-to-weed gene flow; (ii) ALS-susceptible shattercane X ALS-tolerant grain sorghum F1 hybrids (hybrids) were ultimately resistant to ALS-herbicides under field conditions; and (iii) hybrid fitness is equal to, or greater than, the wild parent, we conducted a greenhouse study to compare the competitive effect of shattercane and hybrid on sorghum, and whether or not herbicide application would influence the competitive ability of the hybrid …
Common Sunflower Seedling Emergence Across The U.S. Midwest,
2014
South Dakota State University
Common Sunflower Seedling Emergence Across The U.S. Midwest, Sharon A. Clay, Adam Davis, Anita Dille, John Lindquist, Analiza H. M. Ramirez, Christy Sprague, Graig Reicks, Frank Forcella
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Predictions of weed emergence can be used by practitioners to schedule POST weed management operations. Common sunflower seed from Kansas was used at six Midwestern U.S. sites to examine the variability that 16 climates had on common sunflower emergence. Nonlinear mixed effects models, using a flexible sigmoidal Weibull function that included thermal time, hydrothermal time, and a modified hydrothermal time (with accumulation starting from January 1 of each year), were developed to describe the emergence data. An iterative method was used to select an optimal base temperature (Tb) and base and ceiling soil matric potentials (ψb and …
Genotyping By Sequencing For Genomic
Prediction In A Soybean Breeding Population,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Genotyping By Sequencing For Genomic Prediction In A Soybean Breeding Population, Diego Jarquin, Kyle Kocak, Luis Posadas, Katie Hyma, Joseph Jedlicka, George L. Graef, Aaron Lorenz
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Background: Advances in genotyping technology, such as genotyping by sequencing (GBS), are making genomic prediction more attractive to reduce breeding cycle times and costs associated with phenotyping. Genomic prediction and selection has been studied in several crop species, but no reports exist in soybean. The objectives of this study were (i) evaluate prospects for genomic selection using GBS in a typical soybean breeding program and (ii) evaluate the effect of GBS marker selection and imputation on genomic prediction accuracy. To achieve these objectives, a set of soybean lines sampled from the University of Nebraska Soybean Breeding Program were genotyped using …
Identification And Validation Of Quantitative Trait Loci For Seed
Yield, Oil And Protein Contents In Two Recombinant Inbred Line
Populations Of Soybean,
2014
South Dakota State University
Identification And Validation Of Quantitative Trait Loci For Seed Yield, Oil And Protein Contents In Two Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Of Soybean, Xianzhi Wang, Guo‑Liang Jiang, Marci Green, Roy A. Scott, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Soybean seeds contain high levels of oil and protein, and are the important sources of vegetable oil and plant protein for human consumption and livestock feed. Increased seed yield, oil and protein contents are the main objectives of soybean breeding. The objectives of this study were to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with seed yield, oil and protein contents in two recombinant inbred line populations, and to evaluate the consistency of QTLs across different environments, studies and genetic backgrounds. Both the mapping population (SD02- 4-59 × A02-381100) and validation population (SD02- 911 × SD00-1501) were phenotyped for …
Porocercospora Seminalis Gen. Et Comb. Nov.,
The Causal Organism Of Buffalograss False Smut,
2014
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Porocercospora Seminalis Gen. Et Comb. Nov., The Causal Organism Of Buffalograss False Smut, Bimal S. Amaradasa, Hugo Madrid, Johannes Z. Groenewald, Pedro W. Crous, Keenan L. Amundsen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
False smut caused by Cercospora seminalis is an important disease of buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides) affecting seed production. The pathogen prevents normal caryopsis development and causes considerable yield loss and reduced seed germination. The current taxonomic placement of the false-smut causal pathogen in the genus Cercospora is incorrect based on its morphological characteristics and DNA phylogeny. In the present study the phylogenetic position of C. seminalis is clarified based on DNA sequence analysis of three loci namely the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, partial nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) and partial sequences of the RNA polymerase II second largest …
Salicylic-Acid-Induced Recovery Ability In Salt-Stressed Hordeum Vulgare Plants,
2014
TÜBİTAK
Salicylic-Acid-Induced Recovery Ability In Salt-Stressed Hordeum Vulgare Plants, Hadi Pirasteh Anosheh, Gholamhassan Ranjbar, Yahya Emam, Muhammad Ashraf
Turkish Journal of Botany
The recovery ability of barley plants from salt stress conditions was assessed using foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) in a study conducted under controlled conditions. The barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Reyhan') were subjected to saline water with varying salinity levels (tap water 0.67 dS m^{-1} as control, 3, 6, 9, and 12 dS m^{-1}) from 14 to 42 days after sowing (DAS). Then the plants were subjected to recovery treatments for 4 weeks, from 42 to 70 DAS. The recovery treatments included: non-recovery (R_0), irrigation with tap water (R_1), and irrigation with tap water + 2 foliar applications …
A Comparative Study Of Taxonomy, Physicochemical Parameters, And Chemical Constituents Of Ganoderma Lucidum And G. Philippii From Uttarakhand, India, Ranjeet Singh, Gurpaul Singh Dhingra, Richa Shri
Turkish Journal of Botany
The genus Ganoderma consists of cosmopolitan polypore mushrooms, many of which can cause different types of rots in plants. Many species of this genus are being used for their medicinal and nutraceutical properties in many countries. The present study provides a comparative evaluation of taxonomy, physicochemical parameters, and chemical constituents of Ganoderma lucidum and G. philippii collected from different localities of Uttarakhand, India. The macroscopic and microscopic characters on the basis of which G. lucidum differs from G. philippii include habit, external basidiocarp characteristics, context, pore tube layers and pores, cutis type, and shape and size of basidiospores. The fruiting …
