Validation Of Qtl Mapping And
Transcriptome Profiling For Identification Of
Candidate Genes Associated With Nitrogen
Stress Tolerance In Sorghum,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Validation Of Qtl Mapping And Transcriptome Profiling For Identification Of Candidate Genes Associated With Nitrogen Stress Tolerance In Sorghum, Malleswari Gelli, Anji Reddy Konda, Kan Liu, Chi Zhang, Thomas E. Clemente, David R. Holding, Ismail M. Dweikat
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Background: Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detected in one mapping population may not be detected in other mapping populations at all the time. Therefore, before being used for marker assisted breeding, QTLs need to be validated in different environments and/or genetic backgrounds to rule out statistical anomalies. In this regard, we mapped the QTLs controlling various agronomic traits in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in response to Nitrogen (N) stress and validated these with the reported QTLs in our earlier study to find the stable and consistent QTLs across populations. Also, with Illumina RNA-sequencing we checked the differential expression of …
Bioaccumulation And Oxidative Stress Impact Of Pb, Ni, Cu, And Cr Heavy Metals In Two Bryophyte Species, Pleurochaete Squarrosa And Timmiella Barbuloides, Serap Aydoğan, Bengi̇ Erdağ, Lale Aktaş
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study was conducted to evaluate the bioaccumulation and oxidative stress impact of lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr) in bryophyte species Pleurochaete squarrosa and Timmiella barbuloides exposed to Pb, Ni, Cu, and Cr at 1 mM concentration for 48 h. Bioaccumulation ratios in the non-Fenton metals Ni and Pb were found to be higher than in Fenton metals Cu and Cr for both moss species. Except for Cu, high levels of heavy metal accumulation caused a slight increase in dry weights of both species. Total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of both species showed variations under Ni, …
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant Common
Waterhemp (Amaranthus Rudis Sauer): Consequences For The Dispersal Of Resistance Genes,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Rudis Sauer): Consequences For The Dispersal Of Resistance Genes, Debalin Sarangi, Andrew J. Tyre, Eric L. Patterson, Todd A. Gaines, Suat Irmak, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Amit J. Jhala
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Gene flow is an important component in evolutionary biology; however, the role of gene flow in dispersal of herbicide-resistant alleles among weed populations is poorly understood. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln to quantify pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosate-resistant (GR) to -susceptible (GS) common waterhemp using a concentric donorreceptor design. More than 130,000 common waterhemp plants were screened and 26,199 plants were confirmed resistant to glyphosate. Frequency of gene flow from all distances, directions, and years was estimated with a double exponential decay model using Generalized Nonlinear Model (package gnm) in R. PMGF declined by 50% …
Estimating Yield Gaps At The Cropping System Level,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Estimating Yield Gaps At The Cropping System Level, Nicolas Guilpart, Patricio Grassini, Victor O. Sadras, Jagadish Timsina, Kenneth Cassman
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Yield gap analyses of individual crops have been used to estimate opportunities for increasing crop production at local to global scales, thus providing information crucial to food security. However, increases in crop production can also be achieved by improving cropping system yield through modification of spatial and temporal arrangement of individual crops. In this paper we define the cropping system yield potential as the output from the combination of crops that gives the highest energy yield per unit of land and time, and the cropping system yield gap as the difference between actual energy yield of an existing cropping system …
Modeling Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant
To -Susceptible Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida L.) Under Field Conditions,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Modeling Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant To -Susceptible Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida L.) Under Field Conditions, Zahoor A. Ganie, Amit J. Jhala
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
A field experiment was conducted to quantify pollen mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosateresistant (GR) to glyphosate-susceptible (GS) giant ragweed under simulated field conditions using glyphosate resistance as a selective marker. Field experiments were conducted in a concentric design with the GR giant ragweed pollen source planted in the center and GS giant ragweed pollen receptors surrounding the center in eight directional blocks at specified distances (between 0.1 and 35 m in cardinal and ordinal directions; and additional 50 m for ordinal directions). Seeds of GS giant ragweed were harvested from the pollen receptor blocks and a total of 100,938 …
Gene Silencing Of Argonaute5 Negatively Affects The
Establishment Of The Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis,
2017
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
Gene Silencing Of Argonaute5 Negatively Affects The Establishment Of The Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, Maria Del Rocio Reyero-Saavedra, Zhenzhen Qiao, Maria Del Socorro Sanchez-Correa, M. Enrique Diaz-Pineda, Jose L. Reyes, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Marc Libault, Oswaldo Valdes-Lopez
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The establishment of the symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia is finely regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and posttranslational levels. Argonaute5 (AGO5), a protein involved in RNA silencing, can bind both viral RNAs and microRNAs to control plant-microbe interactions and plant physiology. For instance, AGO5 regulates the systemic resistance of Arabidopsis against Potato Virus X as well as the pigmentation of soybean (Glycine max) seeds. Here, we show that AGO5 is also playing a central role in legume nodulation based on its preferential expression in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean roots and nodules. We also …
Relationships Between Sorghum Bicolor (Poaceae) And Its Closerelatives Based On Genomic In Situ Hybridization Evidence,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Relationships Between Sorghum Bicolor (Poaceae) And Its Closerelatives Based On Genomic In Situ Hybridization Evidence, Qing Liu, H L, Jun Wen
Turkish Journal of Botany
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (sorghum) is a naturally well-established diploid species with 2n = 2x = 20. Here we provide evidence to identify the genomic relationships of S. bicolor and its extant relatives using genomic in situ hybridization. The genomic divergences between S. bicolor and its close relatives may be presented as: S. bicolor-S. x drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) Millsp. & Chase < S. bicolor-S. x almum Parodi < S. bicolor S. arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf < S. bicolor-S. propinquum (Kunth) Hitchc. Sorghum arundinaceum probe signals showed spotted or painted patterns on the S. bicolor chromosomes, indicating that the degree of genomic divergence between S. bicolor and S. arundinaceum is distinct. It is reasonable to infer that S. bicolor might have diverged from S. arundinaceum in the early diversification history of the subgenus. The probe signal intensity of S. arundinaceum and S. propinquum is greater on the 17 chromosomes than on the remaining 23 chromosomes of S. halepense (L.) Pers., whereas S. bicolor and S. propinquum probes produced spotted or patchy signals on the 40 S. halepense chromosomes. Therefore, the degree of genomic divergence may be presented as: S. halepense-S. bicolor < S. halepense-S. arundinaceum < S. halepense-S. propinquum.
Scilla Bilgineri (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae): A New Species Ofscilla L. From Eastern Turkey,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Scilla Bilgineri (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae): A New Species Ofscilla L. From Eastern Turkey, Hasan Yildirim, Yusuf Altioğlu
Turkish Journal of Botany
Scilla bilgineri Yıldırım (Asparagaceae) is described here as a new species. Diagnostic morphological characters, a full description, and detailed illustrations are provided on the basis of the type specimens and observations of wild populations. The new species is characterized by whitish to very pale lilac tepals, variegated ovary; style 5-6 mm long; oblong, straw to pale yellow and cucullate seed; pale creamy-white elaiosome, which is adherent to the testa; and pinkish to reddish, fleshy bulb scales. It belongs to Scilla bifolia agg. and is related to S. bifolia and S. albinerve within. It is easily distinguished from all other species …
Leaf Morpho-Physiological Dynamics In Salvia Officinalis L. Var. Purpurascens,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Leaf Morpho-Physiological Dynamics In Salvia Officinalis L. Var. Purpurascens, Filipa Martins, Ivo Oliveira, Ana Barros, Carla Amaral, Sílvia Afonso, Helena Ferreira, José Moutinho-Pereira, Berta Gonçalves
Turkish Journal of Botany
Salvia officinalis L. var. purpurascens is one of the most insufficiently studied varieties of the genus Salvia. Hence, the study and characterization of this plant, as well as the monitoring of changes occurring during leaf ontogeny, are of great importance and interest. For this purpose, young and adult leaves of Salvia officinalis L. var. purpurascens collected in two different seasons and in two different years were analyzed, considering morpho-anatomical traits but also leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Leaf age was found to have significant effects on several of the analyzed parameters, including the parenchyma, mesophyll, xylem, and …
Covariation In Diaspore Mass And Dispersal Patterns In Threemediterranean Coastal Dunes In Southern Spain,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Covariation In Diaspore Mass And Dispersal Patterns In Threemediterranean Coastal Dunes In Southern Spain, Carmen Rodriguez, Teresa Navarro, Ali El Keblawy
Turkish Journal of Botany
The coastal dunes of southern Spain are an original Mediterranean ecosystem, insufficiently studied under dispersal. This study explores covariation patterns among diaspore mass, size, morphology, dispersal mode, and spatial dispersal in 78 native coastal dune species. Three coastal dunes under different climates were sampled and differentiated between fixed and mobile dunes. The Pérez-Harguindeguy methodology was applied and ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used in order to analyze the covariation. Diaspores were essentially small seeds or achenes (2-4 mm, from 10-5 to 1 g). The study revealed that diaspore mass is a key trait in the differentiation among dunes. …
Foliar Applications Of Alpha-Tocopherol Improves The Composition Of Fresh Pods Of Vigna Radiata Subjected To Water Deficiency,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Foliar Applications Of Alpha-Tocopherol Improves The Composition Of Fresh Pods Of Vigna Radiata Subjected To Water Deficiency, Muhammad Sadiq, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Muhammad Ashraf
Turkish Journal of Botany
Alpha-tocopherol (α-Toc), so-called vitamin E, is a low molecular weight lipophilic antioxidant that generally protects plants from stress-induced cellular oxidation. It is well known that exogenously applied α-Toc is effective in improving plant growth and developmental processes under adverse environmental conditions. The current study was performed to determine the best concentration of α-Toc [0 (no spray), 100, 200, and 300 mg L-1] that could improve the biological yield and chemical constituents of fresh green pods of mung bean (Vigna radiata) and hence their quality under varying water regimes. Foliar spray of α-Toc significantly improved total soluble proteins, chlorophyll a and …
Micromorphological Studies On The Genus Lotus L. (Fabaceae: Loteae) From Egypt,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Micromorphological Studies On The Genus Lotus L. (Fabaceae: Loteae) From Egypt, Momen Zareh, Ahmed Faried, Nashwa Farghaly
Turkish Journal of Botany
Trichomes, epidermal cell features, and seed coat sculpturing of 12 Lotus taxa from Egypt were studied using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, statistical analysis for the taxa under investigation was carried out. The results revealed that trichomes have high taxonomic significances between studied taxa. Anticlinal and periclinal cell walls and epidermal cell shape for the stem, leaf, and calyx for each taxon were examined. Seed coat sculpturing exhibited 4 main different surface patterns categories: rugose, reticulate, sulcate, and verrucate. These features can serve as good diagnostic characters at the species level of the genus Lotus.
The Complete Plastid Genome And Nuclear Genome Markers Provide Molecularevidence For The Hybrid Origin Of Pulsatilla × Hackelii Pohl., Monika Szczecinska, Grzegorz Lazarski, Katarzyna Bilska, Jakub Sawicki
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study presents the first molecularly proven data on natural hybridization in the genus Pulsatilla, including the complete plastome sequence. A plant with morphological characteristics intermediate between P. patens and P. pratensis was found near the village of Bocheniec (southern Poland). In this study, several classes of markers based on genotyping (SSR and ISJ) and sequencing (Sanger and NGS) were used to confirm hybridization and its direction, and to determine the prospective parent species. Analysis of ISJ and ISSR genotyping data revealed that all amplified loci were polymorphic. The hybrid species was characterized by only 3 specific bands, and it …
Karyotype Analysis Of Some Taxa Of Dianthus Section Verruculosi (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae),
2017
TÜBİTAK
Karyotype Analysis Of Some Taxa Of Dianthus Section Verruculosi (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae), Derya Altay, Hali̇l Erhan Eroğlu, Ergi̇n Hamzaoğlu, Murat Koç
Turkish Journal of Botany
The purpose of this study was to determine chromosome numbers and karyological features of six Dianthus taxa belonging to section Verruculosi from Anatolia, Turkey. The chromosome numbers were determined as 2n = 30 in all taxa. Karyological measurements were made in detail for the first time for all taxa. Chromosome counts were given for the first time for all taxa except D. cyri and D. strictus. A new chromosome number was determined for D. strictus. The intrachromosomal and interchromosomal karyotype asymmetries were estimated with MCA and CVCL values.
A New Species Of Cirsium Sect. Epitrachys (Asteraceae: Cardueae)From The South Of Turkey,
2017
TÜBİTAK
A New Species Of Cirsium Sect. Epitrachys (Asteraceae: Cardueae)From The South Of Turkey, Hayri̇ Duman, Osman Tugay, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul
Turkish Journal of Botany
A new species, Cirsium bozkirensis H.Duman, Dirmenci & Tugay (Asteraceae), Cirsium sect. Epitrachys DC, is described from Konya Province, South Anatolia, Turkey. Diagnostic and morphological characteristics that distinguish it from allied species C. cephalotes Boiss. and C. pugnax Sommier & Levier. are provided. A description, distribution map, and taxonomic comments on the new species and allied species are given. SEM photograph about setae, stem indumentum, and achene of new and allied species are obtained and characters are discussed.
Lectotypifications Of Cerastium Siculum, C. Densiflorum, And C. Aggregatum,And Taxonomic Notes On C. Siculum (Caryophyllaceae),
2017
TÜBİTAK
Lectotypifications Of Cerastium Siculum, C. Densiflorum, And C. Aggregatum,And Taxonomic Notes On C. Siculum (Caryophyllaceae), Sebastien Traclet, Mathias Pires, Gianniantonio Domina
Turkish Journal of Botany
Nomenclatural notes on Cerastium siculum Guss. (Caryophyllaceae), a species described from Sicily and occurring in the central western region of the Mediterranean basin, are discussed. The names C. aggregatum Durieu ex Brign., C. densiflorum Guss., and C. siculum are lectotypified here. The taxonomic independence of C. siculum from C. semidecandrum L. and the other taxa of Cerastium L. sect. Orthodon Ser. subsect. Fugacia Fenzl is confirmed, as well as the synonymy of C. aggregatum and C. densiflorum.
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Dendrobium Orchid With The Flavanone 3-Hydroxylase Gene,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Of Dendrobium Orchid With The Flavanone 3-Hydroxylase Gene, Nuntipa Khumkarjorn, Sudarat Thanonkeo, Mamoru Yamada, Preekamol Klanrit, Pornthap Thanonkeo
Turkish Journal of Botany
The Ascocenda flavanone 3-hydroxylase (AcF3H) gene was successfully transformed into Dendrobium 5N white orchid plants using Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. In this study, for the first time, we report the construction of a plant expression vector harboring the AcF3H gene using the Gateway cloning system. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) were cocultivated with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 harboring the plant expression vector pGWB5-AcF3H, which contained the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) gene as a selectable marker. The highest transformation efficiency (10.13%) was achieved when PLBs were cocultivated with Agrobacterium cells for 15 min. Three months after the transformation, the plantlets were regenerated, and the …
Investigation Of The Regulation Mechanism Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Anion Channel Slah2,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Investigation Of The Regulation Mechanism Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Anion Channel Slah2, Fen-Yong Yao, Guo-Ning Qi, Jamshaid Husssain
Turkish Journal of Botany
In recent years a slow-type anion channel (SLAC) family composing five members, including slow anion channel associated 1 (SLAC1) and four SLAC1 homologs (SLAHs), has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. The anion channels are activated by calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) and play crucial roles in mediating anion fluxes across plasma membranes. SLAH2 is specifically expressed in root stele cells and has been characterized as a nitrate-selective anion channel activated by CPK21 and CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 (CIPK23). However, the interaction between CPKs and SLAH2 and how it is regulated remains to be elucidated. In this study we found that SLAH2 …
Molecular Characterization Of Tocopherol Biosynthesisgenes From Olea Europaea (L.) Cv. Ayvalık,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Molecular Characterization Of Tocopherol Biosynthesisgenes From Olea Europaea (L.) Cv. Ayvalık, Fati̇h Sezer, Kemal Meli̇k Taşkin
Turkish Journal of Botany
Vitamin E is a group of compounds that includes metabolites known as tocopherols, which have high antioxidant activities. Tocopherols are synthesized in plants, and their beneficial effects on human health have been reported for diseases such as coronary heart disease and cancer. Here we report the full-length transcripts encoding vitamin E biosynthetic enzymes from fruit mesocarp tissues using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method for the first time in olives. We characterized the structure of the genes 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (PDS1), homogentisate phytyltransferase 1 (HPT1), vitamin E defective 3 (VTE3), tocopherol cyclase (VTE1), and gamma tocopherol methyltransferase (GTMT), which …
Genetic Diversity And Molecular Characterization Of Natural Pancratium Maritimum L. Populations By Dna Markers,
2017
TÜBİTAK
Genetic Diversity And Molecular Characterization Of Natural Pancratium Maritimum L. Populations By Dna Markers, Ceren Eli̇bol, Behi̇ye Banu Bi̇lgen
Turkish Journal of Botany
Bulbous plants play an important role in Turkey's biodiversity due to their great potential use in various industries. Sea daffodils (Pancratium maritimum), one aspect of Turkey's biological richness, represent an important bulbous plant that generally spreads on sand dunes and can be seen only on the Mediterranean coast and on its certain beaches in our country. In this study, the genetic structure and genetic diversity of four natural P. maritimum populations have been determined by RAPD and nrSSR primers. Eight RAPD and four nrSSR loci were analyzed. All RAPD and nrSSR loci, except SSR-20, were found to be polymorphic. Genetic …
